基于哈佛分析框架的科大讯飞公司财务分析

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I 摘 要

基于哈佛分析框架的科大讯飞公司财务分析

当今我们所处的时代是经济全球化,世界联动化的时代。科学技术高速发

展,这让越来越多的国家意识到发展高新技术产业的重要性,处在经济平稳发

展阶段并不断转型的中国也不甘落后于其他各国。大力发展高新技术产业有利

于保持国民经济高速增长,保证国家安全,更有利于我国综合国力的整体提升。

我国要想屹立于世界不败之地,必须重视创新。而科大讯飞,一家成立于安徽

合肥的高科技企业,是国内首屈一指的以语音技术为产业的软件企业,在国内

智能语音领域已占据70%的市场,选择科大讯飞公司作为案例分析对象基于两点

原因:一、科大讯飞是一家高新技术企业,提供智能语音技术服务,目前来说

科大讯飞代表着中国最先进的语音技术,是该行业的龙头企业,且国家近几年

大力发展人工智能产业,科大讯飞公司具有典型性。二、科大讯飞作为人工智

能第一股,它的一举一动备受市场关注,近几年市值波动较大及盈利能力不强

等问题,使科大讯飞遭受了业绩含金量不高的质疑,且互联网企业不断向语音

领域发展,智能语音领域也面临着激烈的竞争,科大讯飞未来的发展可以说是

充满危与机。

随着投资者、债权人的需要的提高,传统的财务分析方法已经无法满足要

求。而后提出的哈佛分析框架,是目前为止一种相对全面的财务分析方法,在

哈佛分析框架下对科大讯飞进行分析不仅有利于改变我国传统的财务分析观

念,对整个高新技术行业有着借鉴意义,而且能够通过分析得出相应的评价并

对企业存在的问题提出改进建议,从而帮助公司发挥优势、改进不足,提高其

经营管理水平和可持续发展能力。

文章拟选取科大讯飞公司(股票代码002230)作为案例分析对象,基于哈佛分析框架对该公司进行综合分析。文章从四个方面进行阐述,一为绪论,在

II 阐述了本文的研究背景及意义的基础上,说明了研究方法和内容,并对相关理

论以及国内外研究综述加以介绍。二是科大讯飞公司概况,分别从公司基本介

绍和经营状况两方面展开。三作为本文的重要部分,主要是在哈佛分析框架下

对科大讯飞公司展开了全面系统的分析,包括战略分析、会计分析、财务分析、

前景分析,选取2013至2017年企业年报披露的内容,提炼相关的重要信息,

对财务报表中的重要科目和财务指标进行分析,包括企业自身分析及与同行业

公司对比分析两个方面。四是总结第三部分的内容,得出对科大讯飞公司进行

财务分析的结果,指出其存在的不足并提出改进建议。

关键词:

人工智能,财务分析,哈佛分析框架,语音技术

III Abstract

Financial Analysis of IFLYTEK Company Based on the Harvard

Analysis Framework

The era we are in today is an era of economic globalization and world linkage.

The rapid development of science and technology has made more and more countries

aware of the importance of developing high-tech industries. China, which is in a stage

of steady economic development and constantly transforming, is not willing to lag

behind other countries. Vigorously developing high-tech industries is conducive to

maintaining the rapid growth of the national economy and ensuring national security,

which is more conducive to the overall improvement of China's overall national

strength. If China wants to stand in an invincible position in the world, it must pay

attention to innovation. IFLYTEK, a high-tech enterprise founded in Hefei, Anhui, is

the leading software company in China with voice technology as its industry. It has

occupied 70% of the market in the domestic intelligent voice field, and selected

IFLYTEK as a case analysis object. Two reasons: First, IFLYTEK is a high-tech

enterprise that provides intelligent voice technology services. At present, IFLYTEK

represents China's most advanced voice technology and is a leading enterprise in the

industry, and the country has vigorously developed in recent years. The artificial

intelligence industry, the University of Science and Technology News is typical.

Second, the University of Science and Technology News as the first share of artificial

intelligence, its every move has been the focus of the market, in recent years, the

market value fluctuations and the lack of profitability, etc., so that the University of

Science and Technology has suffered from the low performance of the gold, and

IV Internet companies continue to develop into the voice field, and the field of intelligent

voice is also facing fierce competition. The future development of the University of

Science and Technology can be said to be full of danger.

As the needs of investors and creditors increase, traditional methods of financial

analysis are no longer sufficient. The Harvard analysis framework proposed later is a

relatively comprehensive financial analysis method. The analysis of IFLYTEK under

the Harvard analysis framework is not only conducive to changing the traditional

financial analysis concept of China, but also has reference significance for the whole

high-tech industry. Moreover, through analysis, the corresponding evaluation can be

made and suggestions for improvement of the company's problems can be proposed

to help the company to play its advantages, improve its deficiencies, and improve its

management and sustainable development capabilities.

The article intends to select IFLYTEK (stock code 002230) as the case analysis

object, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the company based on the Harvard

analysis framework. The article is elaborated from four aspects. The first is the

introduction. On the basis of expounding the research background and significance of

this paper, the research methods and contents are explained, and the related theories

and the research summary at home and abroad are introduced. The second is the

general situation of IFLYTEK Company, which is carried out from the basic

introduction and operation status of the company. As an important part of this article,

it is mainly based on the Harvard analysis framework to conduct a comprehensive

and systematic analysis of the University of Science and Technology, including

strategic analysis, accounting analysis, financial analysis, prospect analysis, and