英语中考专题十四之简单句并列句(精)

1. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, he can't understand the instructions on the bottle Of the pills. （2003年河北省中考题）A. soB. orC. butD. for解析：布朗先生不懂日语是他看不懂药瓶上说明的原因，所以本题答案为A。

本题的关键是根据逻辑意思作出正确的判断。

答案：A2. —Can you play football?—Yes, I can, I can't play very well. （2003年北京市海淀区中考题）A. orB. andC. soD. but解析：本题的前后意思带有转折关系。

答案：D3. The war was over about three months ago, _____the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with. （2003年上海市中考题）A. orB. andC. butD. so解析：本题的前后意思带有转折关系。

答案：C4. You must work hard, _____ you will fall behind. （2003年黑龙江省中考题）A. andB. butC. soD. or解析：这是一个表示选择关系的并列句，or翻译成“否则、要不然”。

答案：D5. Take exercise every day, ____ you will become stronger and stronger. （2003年河南省中考题）A. orB. andC. butD. while解析：这是一个表示选择关系的并列句，or翻译成“否则、要不然”。

答案：D6. Work hard, you're sure to be successful in this exam.（2005 西宁）A. andB. orC. butD. so答案：A7. — Will you come on Monday or Tuesday?— I'm afraid day is possible. I'll be busy next week. （2005 青海）A. eitherB. neitherC. both答案：B8. Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.（2005 吉林）A. Not only; but alsoB. Neither; norC. Both; andD. Either; or答案：D9. Be careful with your machine, you'll be hurt. （2005 内蒙古）A. andB. butC. orD. so答案：C10. — Didn't you give roses to your father on Father's Day?— Oh, not only my father, my grandpa got red roses.（2005 包头）A. orB. andC. butD. until答案：C11. — How do you like the two pairs of shoes?— They don't fit me well. They are too big too small.（2005 河南）A. not only; but alsoB. both; andC. neither; norD. either; or答案：DⅠ. 单项选择1. (2009·泰安) —Can you help me with my business?—I’d like to, ____ I have a meeting to attend.A. becauseB. asC. butD. and2. (2009·福州) —I hear ____ your grandpa ____ your grandma like watching Min Opera. —Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou.A. both; andB. either; orC. neither; norD. not only; but also3. Work hard, ____ you’ll pass the English exam this time.A. orB. butC. becauseD. and4. It’s a nice house ____ it hasn’t got a garden.A. andB. orC. butD. so5. (2009·江西)Help others whenever you can ____ you’ll make the worl d a nicer place to live.A. andB. orC. unlessD. but6. —I have lost my pen.—Use my pen. ____.A. Here you areB. Here are youC. Here is itD. Here they are7. Hurry, ____ we shall be late for school.A. andB. orC. butD. so8. She asked me to go, ____ I went.A. forB. soC. butD. or9. The train didn’t stop ____ made us stay at school until 7 o’clock in the morning.A. butB. soC. and itD. or10. She didn’t like to play basketball, ____ he likes singing and danc ing.A. orB. butC. andD. soⅡ. 指出下列简单句中画线部分所充当的句子成分1. Hearing what he said, everybody laughed. _____2. Most students in my class like playing chess. _____3. His being late made the teacher very angry. _____4. The book lying on the desk is on American history. _____5. To finish the task on time is impossible. _____6. There are many kinds of TV sets on sale in that store. _____7. The red flags waved in the wind. _____8. Mr. White will give us a talk next week. _____ _____9. This bed seems hard. _____10. How interesting the film is! _____Ⅲ. 同义句转换，每空一词1. Mike speaks Chinese very well, and his sister speaks it very well, too._____Mike ____his sister speak Chinese very well.2. Run quickly, or you will be late for school.____ you ____ run quickly, you will be late for school.3. If there is no air, none of us can live.None of us can live ______ _____.4. I didn’t say anything just now.I _____ _____just now.5. I have no pens or pencils.I have _____pens _____pencils.答案Ⅰ. 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. B Ⅱ. 1. 谓语 2. 宾语 3. 宾语补足语 4. 表语 5. 主语6. 主语7. 谓语8. 间接宾语；直接宾语9. 表语10. 表语Ⅲ. 1. Both; and 2. If; don’t 3. without air 4. said nothing 5. neither; nor。

中考英语语法专项复习：简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。

◆一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子，其句式结构主要有五种：①主 + 谓。

He works in a big company. 他在一家大公司工作。

②主 + 系 + 表。

She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。

③主 + 谓 + 宾。

Ann eats junk food twice a week .安一周吃两次垃圾食品。

④主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾。

He gave me a pen .他给我一支钢笔。

⑤主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补。

He kept me waiting for two hours .他让我等了两小时。

◆二并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。

并列句中的各简单句同等重要，没有从属关系，是并列的关系，之间用并列连词连接。

1. 表示顺承的并列连词有and / not only …but （also）等。

如：She not only gaveus a lot of advice, butalso helped us to overcome difficulties .他不仅给了我们很多建议，而且还帮助我们克服困难。

2. 表示选择的并列连词有or，either …or …等。

如：Either you or Maria will haveto go .你或玛丽亚得去一趟。

3. 表示转折的并列连词有but，yet，however 等。

如：It is hot in summer here , butit’s not cold in winter .这里夏天热，但冬天不冷。

4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有so，如：He works hard , so he is one of the topstudents in our class .因为他学习努力，所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。

【中考英语专项复习-（一）语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者.例如：Many people speak Chinese.\\谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象.例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。

(二)被动语态的构成be的变化表现出来（三）（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:This bridge was founded in 1981。

这座桥竣工于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).（3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory。

He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.（五）被动语态的特殊结构形式1）带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby—sitter.2）有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3）在使役动词have， make， get以及感官动词see， watch， notice, hear, feel， observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时，要加to。

中考英语语法总复习讲义专题：简单句和并列句(中考复习英语) 根据语气可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

根据结构可分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。

※简单句是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。

※并列句是包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子，句子之间常用并列连词连接。

常见的连词有and, but, or, so等。

一、常见的五种基本句型。

1. Ｓ＋Ｖ，主谓，谓语动词一般为不及物动词；①The bus stopped. ② Tom has arrivedS Vi .2.Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ，主谓（系）表，谓语动词一般为连系动词；（表语可以是名词，形容词，动词不定式、动名词短语、介词短语或句子等）。

连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell （闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）；stay/keep(保持)；seem(好像，似乎). turn/get/become/grow(变得); appear(呈现)：appear red①The skirt looks beautiful. ② she is a student. ③ My dream is to bea teacher.S V P3.Ｓ＋Ｖ＋O，主谓宾，谓语动词一般为及物动词，如果是不及物动词，后面要跟介词再接宾语；①I like English. ②She likes watching TV. ③She wants to go shopping. 更多资料QQ378459309制作：S V O4.Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋OC，主谓宾补，宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、动词不定式等.①I find English [easy]. ②They keep their eyes [closed].S V O OC③She asked me [to go shopping]. ④She makes me [laugh].5. Ｓ＋Ｖ＋ＩＯ＋ＤＯ，主谓双宾，接双宾语的动词有buy, give, show, tell, teach, offer, provide一般物为直接宾语（DO），人为间接宾语（IO）。

简单句(Types of Simple Sentences)1．主语+谓语(S+V) (谓语为不及物动词vi.)例：A. Class begins at eight o’clock. B. The sun rises in the east.C. The small boy can’t write.D. They are talking andlaughing happily.常见的不及物动词：listen, look, happen, go, come, arrive, work, stay, rise, talk等。

2．主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) (谓语为及物动词vt.)例：A. I couldn’t see anything.B. We raise our national flag every Monday.C. The small boy can’t write any words.D. They’re listening to the teacher carefully.E. I’ll tell her the news when she returns.注意：有些动词只做及物动词使用：reach, tell, show, hear, raise, teach, put等。

有些动词既做及物动词也可做不及物动词使用：write, know, open等。

不及物动词如要带宾语，须加相应的介词形成动词短语后再接宾语。

listen ( to) .laugh (at).wait (for).look (at),talk (to/with)等。

3．主语+谓语+表语(S+V+P) (谓语为连系动词Link v.)例：A. He was ill last week.(形) B. Keep quiet, please!（形）C. I feel very well today.(形)D. The mooncake tasteslike the pie.(介短)E. LiLei became a soldier.(名)F. The food has gonebad.(形)G. The bread feels hard.(形) H. LiLei fell ill lastMonday.(形)I. In spring, the weather gets warm and the trees turngreen.(形)注意：常见连系动词：1).be2). keep(保持), stay(保持), remain(保持) 等3).感官动词feel(感觉/摸上去),look(看上去),seem(似乎),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)，appear(看上去，显得)等。

（14）并列句——中考英语知识清单一、并列句的定义包含两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构的句子叫并列句，分句与分句之间通常用并列连词and，but，yet，or，for，so等或分号来连接。

并列句中的几个分句在语法上互不依从，在意义上却有密切的关系。

二、联合关系常用的连词有and(同，和)，when(=and just at this time就在这时，然后)，not only…but (also)…(不仅……而且……)，neither…nor…（既不……也不……）等。

例：He helps me and I help him.他帮我，我帮他。

He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English.他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。

I was just leaving when the telephone rang.我正要离开，电话铃响了。

注意：when作这种用法时，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事”。

三、选择关系常用的连词有or(或者，否则)，otherwise(否则)，either...or(不是……就是……)。

例：Hurry up, or (else) you'll be late.快点，否则就会迟到了。

You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus.你得早点走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。

Either Tom is coming or his sisters are.不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。

专题十四并列句、复合句和连词1.（2017 山东潍坊中考）一Boy, your head teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me? —OK, I’ll teach you.It’s so easy.A.how I join itB.why he sets it upC.what it is used forD.when it was set up答案 A 句意:——儿子,你的校长建立了一个微信群。

你能告诉我怎样加入吗?——好的, 我来教你。

那非常简单。

本题考查宾语从句。

根据句意可知选A。

2.（2017 吉林中考）一Andy, I wonder the new sports clothes.—Of course by credit card.A.what you paid forB.how you paid forC.why you paid for答案B句意:——人口4丫我想知道你是怎么支付新运动衣的。

——当然是通过信用卡。

本题考查宾语从句。

根据答语中的by可知应用提问方式的疑问词how,故选B项。

3.（2017 吉林长春中考）一I want to know more about Hong Kong. Can you tell me?—In 1997.A.when did it return to ChinaB.when it returned to ChinaC.when does it return to ChinaD.when it returns to China答案 B 句意:——我想更多地了解香港。

你能告诉我它是什么时候回归中国的吗?——在1997年。

根据句型结构可判断,本题考查宾语从句。

宾语从句用陈述句语序,A、C两项排除, 根据“In 1997”,可排除D选项，故选B。

4.（2016 广西南宁中考）一Could you please tell me?—At 8:00 pm.A.when will the train leaveB.when the train will leaveC.where the train will goD.where will the train go答案 B 句意:——你能告诉我火车什么时候离开吗?——晚上八点。

初中英语简单句、并列句、复合句XXX语法专题——简单句、并列句简单句：陈述句、感叹句、疑问句、祈使句一、XXXXXX用来陈述一件事情或者表达一种看法，有肯定和否定两种形式，句末通常用句号，读降调。

1、肯定形式：主语+谓语+其他The boy often XXX.2、否定形式：1)be的否定式：be用作系动词时：主语+be+not+表语+其他She is not a XXX.be用作助动词时：主语+be+not+动词的现在分词或过去分词+其他XXX XXX.2)助动词、情态动词的否定3)除not外，其他否定词也可构成否定句：no、never、little、few、no one、nobodynothing、XXX of。

seldom、XXX二、感叹句叹息句是用来表达人的非凡情绪的句子。

1、what引导的感叹句1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语！What a beautiful girl she is!2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！What important jobs they have done!3)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What sweet water it is!2、how引导的感叹句1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！How interesting the dog is!2)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数方式+主语+谓语！How useful a subject it is!3)How+主语+谓语！How time flies!3、一些特殊形式1)在陈述句、祈使句或疑问句句尾加叹息号酿成叹息句He runs so fast!2)用一个词或词组表达激烈豪情的句子Wonderful!Look out!Great!3)以there、here等副词开头的叹息句There she is!There goes the bell!三、疑问句用以提问的句子较疑问句，句末用问号。

栏目索引专题十四　并列句和复合句栏目索引考点一　并列句考点突破并列句的构成及用法并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。

并列句中各简单句的地位同等重要,相互之间是平行并列的关系。

1.构成:简单句+并列连词+简单句。

2.常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and, but, or, so, for 。

(1)and 意为“和,并且”,表示顺延、并列关系。

如:栏目索引Study hard, and you'll make progress.努力学习,你就会取得进步。

(2)but意为“但是”,表示转折关系。

如:I like the story very much, but Li Ming isn't interested in it.我非常喜欢这个故事,可是李明却对它不感兴趣。

(3)or意为“或者”时,表示选择关系,意为“否则”时,有警告、提醒之意。

如: Hurry up, or you'll be late.快点儿,否则你会迟到的。

(4)so意为“所以;因此;于是”,for意为“因为”,二者都表示因果关系。

如: He got up late, so he was late for class.栏目索引他起晚了,所以他上课迟到了。

I have to stay up, for I have a lot of work to do.我不得不熬夜,因为我有许多工作要做。

3.“祈使句+and/or+简单句”是固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。

如:Hurry up, or you'll be late.=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.快点儿,否则你会迟到的。

栏目索引栏目索引二、宾语从句中常见的问题1.主句与从句时态一致的问题(1)如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。