山西平遥中学2017-2018学年度高二第二学期基础知识清单22-教学文档

2017-2018学年高二知识清单定时训练（分值：100分时间：45分钟）一、化学反应与能量1.焓：与有关的物理量，用表示2.焓变：取决于，符号用表示，常用单位。

3.反应热：在恒压条件下，反应热焓变，因此常用表示反应热。

从键能角度认识放热反应：反应物旧键断裂所吸收的能量生成物新键形成所放出的能量吸热反应：反应物旧键断裂所吸收的能量生成物新键形成所放出的能量从物质内能角度放热反应：反应物总能量生成物总能量吸热反应：反应物总能量生成物总能量4.热化学方程式的书写方法：一、二、三、四、五、5.中和热（1）概念：在稀溶液中，发生中和反应生成时所放出的热量。

单位。

（2）表示方法：（3）中和热测定实验数据处理公式为：（4）需要注意事项：。

6燃烧热概念：101Kpa时，纯物质燃烧生成的氧化物时所放出的热量。

单位：（1）C的燃烧热为393.5KJ/mol。

用热化学方程式表示为：（2）注意事项7.（1）常见的吸热反应：（2）常见的放热反应：8.盖斯定律（1）概念：不管化学反应是一步完成或分几步完成，其反应热是。

或者说，化学反应的反应热只与反应体系的和有关，而与反应无关。

（2）操作步骤：8.能源（1）一次能源：举例：（2）二次能源：举例：（3）可再生能源：举例：（3）不可再生能源：举例：常规能源：举例：（4）新能源：举例：二、化学反应速率和化学平衡1.化学反应速率（1）定义：用来衡量化学反应进行程度的物理量，用内反应物浓度的减少或生成物浓度的增加来表示。

（2）符号：（3）常用单位：（4）定义式：（5）与化学计量数的关系。

2.有效碰撞理论（1）活化分子：具有较高有可能发生的分子。

（2）活化能：活化分子高出反应物分子平均的部分。

（3）活化分子百分数3.影响反应速率的因素（1）内因：的性质（2）外因：浓度对速率的影响规律：增大反应物浓度，反应速率；减小反应物浓度，反应速率。

解释：增大反应物浓度，单位体积内活化分子数，活化分子百分数，有效碰撞几率，化学反应速率增大。

2017—2018学年度第一学期高二期中考试地理试题（文科）本试卷满分100分考试时间90分钟一、选择题（每题2分，共60分）读我国西北某地区新垦区位置图，回答1～2题。

1．该流域新垦区A. 区域的界线与行政边界一致B. 区域内部农业生产无相似性C. 区域发展的决定性因素是水源D. 与非农垦区相互独立2．图中行政中心与新垦区的区域空间结构分别表现为A. 面状与点状B. 线状与岛状C. 点状与岛状D. 点状与面状下图示意我国及东部、中部、西部三大地带能源自给率的变化情况，回答3～4题。

3．图中四条曲线代表西部地带的是A．I B．ⅡC．Ⅲ D．Ⅳ4．下列地区可以大量调出能源输往Ⅳ地带的是①东北地区②西北地区③青藏地区④西南地区A．①② B．①④C．②③ D．②④读“我国三大自然区的划分示意图”，完成5～6题。

5．对乙自然区特征的描述，正确的是A．夏季高温多雨，雨热同期B．河流流量大，无结冰期C．热量不足D．植被以常绿阔叶林为主6．丙区农作物分布在河谷中的主要自然原因是A．河谷地区土壤肥沃 B．河谷地区气温较高，热量条件较好C．河谷地区人口稠密，劳动力多 D．河谷地区有丰富的水源P、Q、M、N为四个不同的地区。

读右下图回答7～9题。

7．立足于农业可持续发展，最适合农牧结合发展的地区是A．P B．QC．M D．N8．下列描述符合P、Q、M、N四地区当地实际情况的是A．P地区水土流失严重，大力植树种草B．Q地区洪涝灾害严重，加强水利工程建设C．M地区土壤盐碱化严重，大水漫灌压碱D．N地区土地荒漠化严重，退耕还牧9．P地区西部沿岸的洋流属于A．向高纬度流的寒流 B．向低纬度流的寒流C．向北流的暖流 D．向南流的暖流中国发布了《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》，宣告“一带一路”战略进入了全面推进阶段。

读一带一路战略构图，完成10～11题。

10．推进“一带一路”战略构想，首先需要解决的主要问题包括①互联互通能力不足②大部分发展中国家资金、技术缺乏③发达国家的基础设施陈旧④各国地理环境的差异显著A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．②④11．在“一带一路”区域合作中，中国的优势条件包括①处于中心位置，地理位置优越②工业加工能力强③基础设施建设能力强④科技实力雄厚A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．②④我国西电东送重点工程之一的岩滩水电站，地处广西河池地区贫困山区。

山东平遥中学2017-2018学年度高二英语基础清单21 2017—2018学年高二英语（Book Seven ）基础知识清单定时训练（21）Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageⅠ.词汇训练A ．语境填词1．Having bought a__________(宝贵的)diamond necklace for his wife ，Martin could hardly afford a tie for himself.2．The three sides reached an__________(协议)to stop the war.3．It's the duty of the police to__________(维护)the public order.4．The invention of paper was a great__________(贡献)to human civilization.5．The house was__________(扩大)with a new wing. 6．We would appreciate__________(引导)from an expert in this field. 7．The old picture __________(提醒)him of the old days that he spent in his hometown. 8．We have the right to__________(保护) our traditions ，our heritage and our languages. B ．用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The signing of such a treaty would be a major__________(contribute) towards world peace. 2．Various__________(propose) were put forward for increasing sales. 3．No money__________(remain)，how can we go on our business? 4．He was surprised to find his room__________(thorough) cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order. 5．He was__________(absence) from the meeting because of his illness. 6．These articles address the problems of the modern world ，including race__________(relate) and community development. 7．The international police has come into_______(exist) and they are thus the key to global security. 8．I warned them they could get seriously ill ，but they both__________(ignorance) my advice. Ⅱ.短语训练 A ．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 go through ，remind of ，remain ，contribute to ，turn out ，undertake 1．He ____to improve the working arrangement during the next three months.We chose to believe him.2．The pain is gone after the operation ，but the scar __________.3．It________________that Nancy didn't want to come anyway ，though she had promised to come.4．Let's__________the whole unit ，so that we can remember all the important parts.5．I'm sure your suggestion will__________solving the problem.姓名： 班级 考号：6．Though_____the danger of hiking in such weather，the young men still wouldn't give up their plan.B．用方框内所给短语填空at the mercy of，in return for，apart from，in conclusion，in case1．________________，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations.2．________________anything important happens，please call me up.3．He didn't expect anything ________________ what he had done.4．The child was lost in the forest，where he was________________wild beasts.5．_____________good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Shandong Cuisine.Ⅲ.句型训练(完成句子)1．Please ______________________ because I need it to do my homework.请提醒我把书带回家，因为我需要它来做作业。

山西省晋中市平遥县平遥中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期中考试物理试题（理）一、选择题(1-8单选题，9-12多选题）1. 下列说法正确的是（）A. 两个材料相同的物体互相摩擦才发生带电现象B. 当用带正电的物体靠近枕形金属导体左端时，枕形金属导体中负电荷被吸引到左端，同时正电荷被排斥到右端C. 两个材料相同的小球，其中一个带正电，电荷量为+2Q，当两球接触时，两球各带+QD. 库仑通过实验研究确认了库仑定律并测出了静电力常量，英国科学家法拉第首先提出场的观点【答案】D【解析】试题分析：两个材料不同的物体互相摩擦时才会发生带电现象，故A错误；当将带物体移近不带电的枕形金属导体时，发生了静电感应现象，在外电场的作用下枕形金属导体自由电子向左端移动，正电荷不移动，故B错误；因为不知道另一小球的带电情况，故无法得出两球接触后两小球的电量，故C错误；物理学家库仑利用扭秤实验研究确认了库仑定律，并测出了静电力常量k，物理学家法拉第最早引入了电场的概念，并提出用电场线形象表示电场，故D正确；故选D.2. 某同学在研究三种导电元件的伏安特性时，他根据实验所测得的数据，分别绘制了I-U图线，如图甲、乙、丙所示，下列说法错误的是（）A. 图甲的元件可以作为标准电阻使用B. 图乙的电阻随电压升高而增大C. 图丙的电阻随电压升高而增大D. 图乙可能是小灯泡的I-U图像【答案】C【解析】试题分析：由图甲可知，甲的元件电阻保持不变；可以作为标准电阻使用，故A正确；图乙中随电压的增大，图象的斜率减小，则说明电阻在增大，故B正确；图丙的电阻随电压的增大而减小，故C错误；当温度升高时，灯丝的电阻率增大，电阻增大，I-U图象的斜率是，则斜率在减小，故乙图有可能是小灯泡的I-U图像，故D正确；本题选错误的，故选C.【点睛】伏安特性曲线能得出电流随电压的变化关系，则由欧姆定律可得出电阻的变化；同时注意线性元件及非线性元件的伏安特性曲线的区别.3. 下列关于电源的说法，正确的是（）A. 电源向外提供的电能越多，表示电动势越大B. 电动势表示电源将单位正电荷从负极移送到正极时，非静电力所做的功C. 电源的电动势与外电路有关D. 电源的作用是在电源内部把电子从负极不断地搬运到正极，从而保持两极之间有稳定的电势差【答案】B【解析】试题分析：电源的电能W=EIt，故提供的电能多并不能说明电动势大，故A错误；由可知，电动势表示电源将单位正电荷从负极移送到正极时，非静电力所做的功，故B正确；电动势的物理意义是表征电源把其他形式的能转化为电能本领强弱，电动势越大，本领越大．与外电路无关，故C错误；电源能把内部的正电荷从负极移到正极，从而保持两极间的稳定的电势差，故D错误；故选B.【点睛】电源没有接入电路时两极间的电压在数值上等于电源的电动势．电动势的物理意义是表征电源把其他形式的能转化为电能本领强弱，与外电路的结构无关．电源的电动势在数值上等于内、外电压之和．4. 如图所示，有一内电阻为的电解槽和一盏标有“110 V，60 W”的灯泡串联后接在电压为220V的直流电路两端，灯泡正常发光，则（）A. 电解槽的输出电功率为60WB. 电解槽的发热功率为60WC. 电解槽的输出功率为58.7WD. 电路消耗的总功率为60W【答案】C【解析】试题分析：由于灯泡正常发光，所以电动机的电压为220-110=110V，由于电解槽和灯泡串联，它们的电流相等，所以I==A，所以电解槽的输入功率为P=UI=110×=60W，所以A错误．电解槽的发热功率为P热=I2r=（）2×4.4W=1.3W，所以B错误．电解槽消耗的总功率等于电解槽的输入功率,即为60W，所以C正确．电路消耗的总功率为：P总=220V×A=120W，所以D错误．考点：电功、电功率，非纯电阻电路功率问题的分析5. 如图所示，竖直放置的光滑绝缘圆环穿有一带正电的小球，匀强电场水平向右，小球绕O 点作圆周运动，那么以下错误的（）A. 在A点小球有最大的电势能B. 在B点小球有最大的重力势能C. 在 C 点小球有最大的机械能D. 在D点小球有最大的动能【答案】D【解析】试题分析：对于正电荷，电势越高电势能越大，沿着电场线电势降低，由此可知A点电势最高，小球的电势能最大，A对；重力势能的大小根据重力做功或高度判断，B点最高重力势能最大，B对；机械能的变化根据除了重力做功以外其它力做功判断，因此在C点电场力做功最多，机械能最大，C对；动能的变化根据合外力做功判断，应对电场力与重力取合力，合力做功最多的一点应在CD之间的某一点，动能最大，D错；故选D考点：考查功能关系点评：本题难度较小，熟记各力做功与各种能量变化的关系，重力做功表示重力势能变化，合外力做功表示动能变化，电场力做功表示电势能变化，除了重力以外其它力做功表示机械能的变化6. 匀强电场中有a､b､c三点.在以它们为顶点的三角形中，，，电场方向与三角形所在平面平行，已知a､b和c点的电势分别为､和2V，该三角形的外接圆上最低､最高电势分别为（）A. 、B. 0V､4VC. 、D. 0V､【答案】B【解析】试题分析：如图所示，取ab的中点O，即为三角形的外接圆的圆心，且该点电势为2V，故Oc为等势线，其垂线MN为电场线，方向为M→N方向．外接圆上电势最低点为N点，最高点为M点．设外接半径为R，则，又，，则，故，N点电势为零，为最低电势点，同理M点电势为4V，为最高电势点．故选B【点睛】作出三角形的外接圆，其圆心O在ab的中点，该点电势为2V，OC为等势线，作出OC的垂线MN为电场线，根据U=Ed，顺着电场线MN，找出离O点最远的点，电势最低；逆着电场线，离O点最远点电势最高.7. 如图所示，竖直绝缘墙壁上的Q处有一固定的质点A，在Q的正上方的P点用丝线悬挂另一质点B， A、B两质点因为带电而相互排斥，致使悬线与竖直方向成角，由于缓慢漏电使A、B两质点的带电量逐渐减小。

平遥和诚中学高二英语基础清单172017—2018学年高二英语（BookSeven）基础知识清单准时训练（17）Ⅰ.词汇训练．语境填词1．Theboyslistenedtomystorywith__________热(切的)attention. 2．Althoughmyuncleisold，helooksverystrongand______健(康的)．3．Thechildrenwere__________低(声说话)inthecorner.4．Hehadtoworkhardto__________喂(养)andclothethelargefamily. 5．Iwanttosellthehouse，butmyhusbandis__________拖()hisfeet. 6．Hemadeuphismindto__________完(成)thetaskbeforethedeadline.7．The__________(场景)ofthisplayissetinIreland.8．Thisfoodprovidesallthe__________(营养)yourdogneeds.B．用所给词的适合形式填空1．(2014·烟台高三一模改编)“Isityouthatbrokethewindow？”theteacheraskedandlookedattheshyboyin______ ____________(astonish)．2．Thousandsofpeopleare___(desperate)tryingtoleavetheea rthquake-strickenarea.3．Hetouchedmewithhisfinger，__(whisper)tomeinmyear，“Theteacheriscoming.”4．Inordertomakealotofmoney，somepeoplehuntrareanimals________(legal)．5．Jackwouldlovetogotothecinemawithhisdad，butthefilm________(intend)foradultsonly.6．Everybodyisresponsibleforthewell-beingofoursocietyandthemoreyou____________(concern)aboutothers，themoreyouwillgetforyourself.7．Withthe_____(accumulate)ofwealth，hiscompanyisbecominglargerandlarger.8．People'spreferenceforbicyclesmayreflectpublicdissatisfactionwithbus__________(serve)．Ⅱ.短语训练．用方框内所给动词短语的适合形式填空sufferfrom，putup，stareat，pickout，escapefrom，bringabout1．Seeifyoucan__________me__________inthisphoto.2．Wateris__________thebrokenshouldgoandhaveitrepaired.3．Wehaveto__________atentforisgettingdark.4．Whenteenagers________depression，theyeasilygetannoyedorreactbadlyto negativethings.5．Shesuddenlysawhimstandinginthecrowd，hiseyes__herliketheyhadinschool.6．Manyofthetrafficaccidentscausedbydrunkdrivinghave______trafficjams，injuriesandevendeath.B．用方框内所给短语填空inastonishment，ratherthan，ahugeamountof，otherwise，everytime1/71．Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage，__________wewouldhavevisitedmore placesofinterestyesterday.2．__________hevisitshisgrandma，hefindsherfeedingthechickensandgoats. 3．Wewillhavethemeetingintheclassroom______________inthereadingroom. 4．AfterItoldherthenews，shestaredatme________________.5．AsfarasI'mconcerned，happinessdoesn'tmean________________moneyor beinginthehighestsocialstatusbutmeanstoobtainsomethingthatenrichesmymind.Ⅲ.句型训练(达成句子)1．______________didIfindmywalletlost.到了车站我才发现我的钱包不见了。

2018-2019学年度高二第二学期考试化学试题可能用到的相对原子质量：O:16 N:14一、选择题（共14小题，每小题5分，共70分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1.下列元素相关粒子的电子排布式中，前者一定是金属元素，后者一定是非金属元素的是A. [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2B. [Ar]4s1 [Ne]3s23p4C. [Ne]3s2 [Ar]4s2D. [He]2s22p4 [Ne]3s23p5【答案】B【解析】A、两种元素都是金属元素，选项A错误；B、前者是金属元素，后者是非金属元素，选项B正确；C、两种元素都是金属元素，选项C错误；D、两种元素都是非金属元素，选项D错误。

答案选B。

2.下列说法错误的是A. ns电子的能量不一定高于(n－1)p电子的能量违反了洪特规则B. 6C的电子排布式1s22s22p2xC. 电子排布式(21Sc)1s22s22p63s23p63d3违反了能量最低原理D. 电子排布式(22Ti)1s22s22p63s23p10违反了泡利原理【答案】A【解析】【详解】A．电子能量与能层和能级都有关，ns电子的能量一定高于(n-1)p电子的能量，故A错误；B．根据洪特规则知，2p轨道上的两个电子应排在不同轨道上，故B正确；C．根据能量最低原理知，电子先排能量低的轨道后排能量高的轨道，故C正确；D．根据泡利不相容原理知，3p轨道最多排6个电子，故D正确；故答案为A。

3.下列有关σ键的说法错误的是A. 如果电子云图像是由两个s电子重叠形成的，即形成s-s σ键B. s电子与p电子形成s-p σ键C. p电子与p电子不能形成σ键D. HCl 分子里含一个s-p σ键 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：A 、由2个s 电子重叠形成的σ键被称为s-s σ键，正确；B 、s 与p 电子形成的σ键为s-p σ键，正确；C 、p 与p 电子也可以头碰头形成σ键，为p-p σ键，错误；D 、H 原子只有s 电子，Cl 原子的最外层电子为p 电子，所以H 与Cl 原子形成的共价键为s-p σ键，正确，答案选C 。

平遥二中高二年级三月考试物理试题一、单选题（每空3分，共30分）1、如图所示，矩形线框在磁场内做的各种运动中，能够产生感应电流的是( )2、闭合金属线圈abcd位于水平方向匀强磁场的上方h处，由静止开始下落，如图所示，并进入磁场，在运动过程中，线框平面始终和磁场方向垂直，不计空气阻力，那么线框在进入磁场的过程中不可能出现（）A．加速运动 B．匀速运动 C．减速运动 D．静止状态3、关于楞次定律，下列说法中正确的是：（）A．感应电流的磁场总是阻碍原磁场的增强B．感应电流的磁场总是阻碍原磁场的减弱C．感应电流的磁场总是阻碍原磁场的变化D．感应电流的磁场总是阻碍原磁通量的变化4、关于自感现象,下列说法中正确的是( )A．感应电流一定和原电流方向相反B．线圈中产生的自感电动势较大的其自感系数一定较大C．对于同一线圈,当电流变化较快时,线圈中的自感系数也较大D．对于同一线圈,当电流变化较快时,线圈中的自感电动势也较大5、如图所示,两个互连的金属圆环,粗金属环的电阻为细金属环电阻的二分之一.磁场垂直穿过粗金属环所在区域.当磁场的磁感应强度随时间均匀变化时,在粗环内产生的感应电动势为ε,则a、b两点间的电势差为( )A．ε/2 B．ε/3 C．2ε/3 D．ε6、如图所示,平行导轨间的距离为d.一端跨接一个电阻R,匀强磁场的磁感应强度为B,方向垂直于平行金属导轨所在平面.一根足够长的金属棒与导轨成θ角放置,金属棒与导轨的电阻不计,当金属棒沿垂直于棒的方向滑行时,通过电阻R的电流为()A.RBdvB.RBdvsin θC ．RBdvcos θD ．θRsin Bdv7、如图所示,abcd 是由粗细均匀的电阻丝制成的长方形线框,导体棒MN 有电阻,可在ad 边与bf 边上无摩擦滑动,且接触良好,线框处于垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场中.当MN 棒由靠ab 边处向cd 边匀速移动的过程中,下列说法中正确的是( )A.MN 棒中电流先减小后增大B.因为匀速移动，所以MN 棒两端电压不变C.MN 棒上拉力的功率先增大后减小D.矩形线框中消耗的电功率先减小后增大8、如图所示电路中，A 、B 、C 为完全相同的三个灯泡，L 是一直流电阻不可忽略的电感线圈．a 、b 为线圈L 的左右两端点，原来开关S 是闭合的，三个灯泡亮度相同．将开关S 断开后，下列说法正确的是( ) A ．a 点电势高于b 点，A 灯闪亮后缓慢熄灭 B ．a 点电势低于b 点，B 、C 灯闪亮后缓慢熄灭 C ．a 点电势高于b 点，B 、C 灯闪亮后缓慢熄灭 D ．a 点电势低于b 点，B 、C 灯不会闪亮只是缓慢熄灭9、如图所示，金属棒ab 置于水平放置的金属导体框架cdef 上，棒ab 与框架接触良好．从某一时刻开始，给这个空间施加一个斜向上的匀强磁场，并且磁场均匀增加，ab 棒仍静止，在磁场均匀增加的过程中，关于ab 棒受到的摩擦力，下列说法正确的是 ( )A ．摩擦力大小不变，方向向右B ．摩擦力变大，方向向右C ．摩擦力变大，方向向左D ．摩擦力变小，方向向左10、如图所示,水平放置的平行金属导轨MN 和PQ 之间接有定值电阻R ,导体棒ab 长为L 且与导轨接触良好，整个装置处于竖直向上的匀强磁场中，现使导体棒ab 匀速向右运动，下列说法正确的是( )A ．导体棒ab 两端的感应电动势越来越小B ．导体棒ab 中的感应电流方向是a →bC ．导体棒ab 所受安培力方向水平向右D ．导体棒ab 所受合力做功为零二、多选题（每小题4分，选对但不全得2分，多选、错选或不选得0分，共16分）11、如图,矩形线框abcd的ad和bc的中点M、N之间连接一电压表,整个装置处于匀强磁场中,磁场的方向与线框平面垂直,当线框向右匀速平动时,下列说法中正的是( )A．穿过线框的磁通量不变化.MN间无感应电动势B．MN这段导体作切割磁感线运动,MN间有电势差C．MN间有电势差,所以电压表有示数D．因为无电流通过电压表,所以电压表无示数12、如图所示，一电子以初速度v沿与金属板平行的方向飞入两板间，在下列几种情况下，电子将向M板偏转的有 ( )A．开关S接通的瞬间B．断开开关S的瞬间C．接通开关S后，变阻器的滑动触头向右迅速滑动时D．接通开关S后，变阻器的滑动触头向左迅速滑动时13、如图所示，足够长的光滑导轨倾斜放置，导轨宽度为L，其下端与电阻R连接．导体棒ab电阻为r，导轨和导线电阻不计，匀强磁场竖直向上．若导体棒ab以一定初速度v下滑，则关于ab棒的下列说法中正确的是( )A．所受安培力方向水平向右B．可能以速度v匀速下滑C．刚下滑的瞬间ab棒产生的感应电动势为BLvD．减少的重力势能等于电阻R上产生的内能14、如图所示,裸导线框abcd放在光滑金属导轨上向右运动,匀强磁场力方向如图所示,则()A．○G表的指针发生偏转 B ．○G1表的指针发生偏转G1表的指针不发生偏转 D．○G表的指针不发生偏转C．○三、填空题（每空4分，共20分）15、如图所示,导体框内有一垂直于框架平而的匀强磁场,磁场的磁感应强度为0.12T,框架中的电阻R1=3Ω,R2=2Ω,其余部分电阻均不计.导体棒AB在磁场中的长度为0.5m,当AB 棒以10m ／s 速度沿着导体框匀速移动时,所需外力F=________N,产生功率P=________W,通过R 2上的电流I 2=________A.16、如图所示,半径为r 的n 匝线圈在边长为L 的正方形abcd 之外,匀强磁场充满正方形区域并垂直穿过该区域,当磁场以△B/△t 的变化率变化时,线圈产生的感应电动势大小为____________17、如图所示，线圈内有理想边界的磁场，当磁场均匀增加时，有一带电微粒静止于平行板（两板水平放置）电容器中间，若线圈的匝数为n ，平行板电容器的板间距离为d ，粒子质量为m ，带电量为q ，则磁感应强度的变化率为 （设线圈的面积为s ）四、计算题（18小题14分，19小题20分，共34分）18、截面积为0.2m 2的100匝圆形线圈A 处在匀强磁场中，磁场方向垂直线圈平面向里，如图所示，磁感应强度正按tB∆∆＝0.02s T 的规律均匀减小，开始时S 未闭合。

和诚学校2017-2018学年第二学期高二期末考试英语试卷考试时间：100分钟满分：150分命题人：李传合第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共二节，满分60分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

ANational Gallery of CanadaPosition:National Gallery (美术馆) of Canada380 Sussex Drive (大道)P.O. Box 427, Station AOttawa, Ontario Canada K1N 9N4Telephone: 613-990-1985 or 1-800-319-ARTSFax: 613-993-4385Directions:From Highway 417, take the Metcalfe exit (出口). Follow Metcalfe Street around the Museum of Nature and continue to the north until you reach the end of the street at Wellington. You will see Parliament Hill. Turn right onto Wellington Street and continue in the left-hand road until you reach Sussex Drive. As you approach Sussex Drive, you will see the Chateau Laurier hotel on your left-hand side. Make a left turn onto Sus-sex Drive and continue until you see the Gallery on your left-hand side, at the corner of St. Patrick and Sussex. The Gallery is a large glass building with two towers. Just beyond the St. Patrick / Sussex crossroads you will see the entra nce to the Gallery’s underground parking.Opening Hours:◆ 1 May — 30 SeptemberOpen daily from 10 am to 5 pm, Thursdays to 8 pm.◆ 1 October — 30 AprilOpen Tuesday to Sunday from 10 am to 5 pm; Thursdays until 8 pm. Closed Mondays. Closed Christmas Day, New Year’s Day and 2 January 2012 (Monday).Tickets:$9: Adults$7: The elderly and full-time students (ID required)$4: Youth (12-19)$18: Family (2 adults, 3 youths)Free admission for children under 12 and members of the Gallery.Free admission Thursdays after 5 pm.21. Which of the following is the closest to the Gallery?A. The Metcalfe exit.B. The Chateau Laurier hotel.C. Parliament Hill.D. The Museum of Nature.22. If the visitors plan to visit the Gallery, they should go there__________.A. On Christmas Day.B. On Thursday 9 pm.C. On Sunday 4 pm.D. On Mondays.23. If a family of four (two adults and two children) visit the Gallery on Thursday at 6:00pm, they need to pay __________.A. nothingB. 14 dollarsC. 18 dollarsD. 26 dollarsBCities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.CTeens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plana family trip to the library or bookstore.28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Children’s reading habits.B. Quality of children’s books.C. Children’s after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.29. Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"?A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm children’s health.D. E-readers are expensive.31. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them.B. Ask then to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.DWe’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’teven exist if it weren’t for c asual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not th at talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂he says.32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication between strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good manners.B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic.D. Making business deals.34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationships.B. It raises people’s confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.D. It makes people feel good.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable Silence第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 3 分，满分15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018---2019学度度山西平遥中学高二第二学期基础知识清单24基础知识清单定时训练（24）Module 3 Foreign FoodⅠ.词汇训练A ．语境填词1．It is bad manners to eat ________(贪婪地)in a banquet.2．If you have any ________(要求)about your food ，please tell the clerk at the desk.3．We have ________(充分的) proof of his guilt.4．The little grocery shop is losing all its ________(消费者) to the new supermarket. 5．They chatted ________(随意地) for a few seconds and then began to do their work. 6．As a ________(结果)of being in hospital, Xiao Xin decided to become a nurse. 7．They made a lot of rude ________(评论)about his new book. 8．Over time, she got through all the hardships and ________(逐渐)learned the meaning of life. B ．用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The instant coffee is really__________(taste)，and I'm going to have another cup later. 2．The city has changed beyond all__________(recognise) in the past 20 years ，a completely new one in front of me. 3．I go to bed when I'm sleepy and get up with an alarm clock at a__________(fix) time. 4．This is the second time that he________________(ring) you up this week. 5．Used to TV shows ，where everything is quick and__________(entertain)，many people do not have the patience to read a book that requires thinking. 6．She__________(owe) it to the doctors that she is still alive. 7．The mushrooms contain__________and many people were__________because 姓名： 班级 考号：they had eaten the__________mushrooms(poison)．8．The young man's__________(transform) from a thief to an excellent worker made his parents happy.Ⅱ.短语训练A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空set fire to，end up，make out，owe to，be based on，go against1．We __________ our passing the exam __________ our teachers though they often encouraged us.2．Judgement should________________facts, not on hearsay.3．In July the Japanese invaders came and______________all the houses in the village.4．He will__________in prison if he goes on like this.5．You really angered him by__________his wishes.6．She didn't recognize the man who hit her because she could only__________a dark shape moving towards her.B．用方框内所给短语填空in short，no wonder，no doubt，in common with，as a consequence1．Birdsongs may have more ________________ the human speech than we realize.2．________________，Tom is one of the most promising students I’ve ever seen.3．It's________________that he became famous as a singer because he has a gift for music.4．She was over the age limit and，________________，her application was rejected.5．________________，he will win the last match.He has been preparing for it for more than a month.Ⅲ.句型训练(完成句子)1．He has been working overnight.____________________.他工作了一整夜，难怪他看上去很疲倦。

2019—2019学年高二英语（ ）基础知识清单定时训练（22）1Ⅰ.词汇训练 A ．语境填词1． (促进) ? 2． (困住) . 3． (探索) . 4． (商业) . 5． (反射) . 6． (遗弃) . 7． ’t ； (怒视) .8． ，’t (泄气)． B ．用所给词的适当形式填空 1．'s () a .2．() ， a . 3． () ，a . 4． 's () 't . 5．() 800 . 6． () . 7． () . 8． () . Ⅱ.短语训练A ．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 ， ， ， ， 's ， 1． ， ， . 2． 's . 3． . 4． .5． . 6．A ， .B ．用方框内所给短语填空， ， ， ， 1．I 'd . 2．I a .3． ， ， a . 4． ， .5． ， a . Ⅲ.句型训练(完成句子)1． .难怪没人相信他的话。

姓名： 班级 考号：2．I .一想到要见杨利伟，我如此激动以至于不能入睡。

3．，.在周日，他们除了给他提供早餐以外还提供晚餐。

4．I I .直到我开始工作，我才意识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。

5．.你仔细作出选择是必要的。

Ⅳ.语法训练(单句语法填空)1．' , () .2．'s () a ，.3．A () .4．I'm () .5．(), 't a .Ⅴ.单句改错1．.2．，I ，，.3．.4．.5．.随堂知能微型考场Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．，.2．，.3．，.4．() .Ⅱ.选词填空，，，1．I ， a .2．.3．.4．，.Ⅲ.单句改错1．.2．.3．.4． a .5．—.—'d 's .6．' () .7．.8．'t .Ⅳ.完成句子1．.噪音一直到午夜才停止。

2．，.他总是一个吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。

3．.我们拐过最后一个弯，山城就映入了我们的眼帘。