(整理)大脑词汇翻译整理.
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大脑及发育的词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了大脑及发育的词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦!大脑及发育的词汇中英对照:dorsal root 背根nerve 神经ventricle 脑室cerebellum 小脑cortex 皮质又称“皮层”。
cerebral cortex 大脑皮质neocortex 新皮质white matter 白质gray matter 灰质frontal lobe 额叶prefrontal cortex 前额皮质premotor area 运动前区motor area 运动区Broca's area 布罗卡区temporal lobe 颞叶auditory area 听觉区auditory center 听觉中枢parietal lobe 顶叶central sulcus 中央沟occipital lobe 枕叶visual area 视觉区visual cortex 视觉皮质association area of cerebral cortex 大脑皮质联合区association fiber 联合纤维limbic system 边缘系统hippocampal formation 海马结构hippocampus 海马olfactory area 嗅觉区cingulate gyrus 扣带回amygdala 杏仁核septal area 隔区medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束olfactory tract 嗅束commissural fiber 连合纤维corpus callosum 胼胝体basal ganglia 基底神经节diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核lateral hypothalamus area, LHA 外侧下丘脑区ventromedial hypothalamus, VMH 腹内侧下丘脑pineal body 松果体pituitary gland 脑垂体pyramidal system 锥体系统extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统specific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质特异投射系统nonspecific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质非特异投射系统brain stem 脑干corpora quadrigemina 四叠体lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体核medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体核formatic reticularis 网状结构cochlear nucleus 耳蜗神经核nerve cell 神经细胞nerve fiber 神经纤维nerve degeneration 神经退变neural regeneration 神经再生autonomic nervous system, ANS 自主神经系统cranial nerve 脑神经myelin sheath 髓鞘nervi olfactory 嗅神经nervi statoacusticus 听神经又称“位听神经”。
高中英语写作每日一词从“头”学起Word 2 brainbrain n.脑; (供食用的)动物脑髓; 智力; 脑力; 逻辑思维能力;◆扩展词:brainstorm n.头脑风暴,brainwash n.洗脑◆重点词块:in one's brain 在某人脑海中rack one's brain绞尽脑汁a sharp business brain 敏锐的商业头脑◆经典例句They let our brains relax and make our school life more colorful.他们让我们的大脑放松,使我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩。
For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of sport is especially useful.对于那些每天大部分时间都在用脑的人来说,体育锻炼特别有用。
◆读后续写佳句My brain was messy,and I couldn't think straight.我的脑子乱成一团,已经不清醒了。
My brain is blank. I just want to leave this horrible place.我脑子一片空白。
我只想离开这个可怕的地方。
◆梯级训练1. Her __________(大脑) quickened and all her senses were alert.2. ___________. Everything is horrible.我的大脑一片空白。
一切都是可怕的。
3. As they ________________ to come up with an appropriate gift, Tim turned around and saw Nezumi on his bed.当他们绞尽脑汁想出一个合适的礼物时,Tim转过身,看到Nezumi在他的床上。
大脑相关词汇表A354 ()α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸展神经() 海洛因戒断者副神经听结节() 酒精依赖疾患识别测验() 杏仁核角回()前扣带回皮层() 前扣带回脑皮层上的前脑岛颞叶前部蛛网膜最后区;极后区() 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像自主神经系腋神经B() 冲动性量表基底前脑,基底节环路基底核基底动脉() 基底外侧杏仁核基底前侧() 血氧水平依赖臂丛() 脑脑干C距状沟尾状核中枢神经系统中央沟() 小脑中脑导水管大脑动脉环大脑皮质脑脊液颈丛()扣带回腓总神经胼胝体纹状体() 皮质皮质内侧皮质脊髓束脑神经大脑脚楔束结节楔回D腓深神经树突刺齿状回间脑() 多巴胺2/3 多巴胺2/3型受体()背外侧前额叶() 背外侧纹状体背侧前额叶皮质背壳()背侧纹状体背外侧额叶() 背外侧前额叶() 背外侧纹状体() 背内侧前额叶() 背内侧纹状体硬脑膜E()脑电图上丘脑F面丘面神经ö() 尼古丁依赖量表楔束薄束股神经() 氟脱氧葡萄糖穹窿第四脑室额叶() 功能磁共振成像()梭状回() 梭状回/视觉皮层G()γ-氨基丁酸神经节苍白球舌咽神经谷氨酸薄束结节灰质H() 健康人() 海马/海马旁回舌下神经舌下神经三角() 下丘脑-垂体轴下丘脑I小脑下脚下丘() 额下回下橄榄核() 顶下小叶() 颞下皮层;下颞叶皮层() 上/下顶叶皮质() 脑岛肋间神经内囊()晚正复合体外侧下丘脑外侧丘系外侧前额叶外侧沟侧脑室豆状核边缘系统边缘叶边缘系统舌回蓝斑胸长神经腰丛腰骶干M() 磁共振成像() 脑磁描记法内侧隆起内侧丘系() 内侧前额叶皮质内侧纹状体正中神经延髓后丘脑() 利他能(中枢神经兴奋药)() 中脑小脑中脚() 坐标系()动作皮层;运动皮层肌皮神经N神经神经系统() 线索诱发的神经活动神经胶质神经元() 甲基天冬氨酸() 伏隔核伏隔核相关回路胸核神经核O闩闭孔神经枕叶动眼神经神经视神经视交叉眶前额皮层() 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回P旁中央小叶海马旁回副交感神经顶枕沟顶叶导水管周围灰质周围神经系统膈神经脑桥脑桥核() 正电子发放断层扫描中央后回() 后扣带回()后颞中回;颞中回后部中央前回() 前额叶皮层()前运动皮层壳锥体锥体交叉桡神经中缝核红核() 感兴趣脑区网状结构菱形窝S骶丛坐骨神经海马皮层隔海马皮层系统孤束核() 躯体感觉皮层脊髓脊神经三叉神经脊束核三叉神经脊髓束脊髓丘脑束髓纹胶状质() 黑质,塞梅林氏神经节底丘脑腓浅神经小脑上脚上丘高级顶叶和运动前区() 顶上小叶() 颞上沟() 辅助运动区缘上回交感神经T()端脑(大脑)颞叶颞极() 颞顶交界处颞皮层() 丘脑胸神经胸背神经胫神经神经束() 经颅磁刺激系统斜方体三叉神经滑车神经U尺神经(海马旁回)钩V迷走神经三角迷走神经植物性神经系前扣带() 腹内侧腹额内侧() 腹侧苍白球腹侧前额叶皮层() 腹外侧运动前皮质() 腹侧纹状体() 腹侧背盖区() 腹外侧前额叶皮层() 腹内侧前额叶皮层前额皮质腹中区域前庭区前庭蜗神经内脏神经系() 视觉皮层W白质中央前回中央后回额中回额上回额下回颞中回颞下回枕中回枕下回顶下小叶缘上回梭状回面孔区舌回:, .(顶下小叶)(腹侧运动前皮层)(尾部的)’s , (脑岛)(扣带回). (颞上沟)。
大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区;极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经BBarratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) Barratt冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核central nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回common peroneal nerve 腓总神经corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cortex (CTX) 皮质corticomedial 皮质内侧corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束cranial nerves 脑神经crus cerebri 大脑脚cuneate tubercule 楔束结节cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经dendritic spines 树突刺dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)背外侧前额叶dorsal lateral striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体dura mater 硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography (EEG) 脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) 尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) γ-氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glutamate 谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippocampal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior temporal cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层;下颞叶皮层inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经internal capsule 内囊late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶lateral sulcus 外侧沟lateral ventricle 侧脑室lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统limbic lobe 边缘叶limbic system 边缘系统lingual gyrus 舌回locus ceruleus 蓝斑longthoracic nerve 胸长神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法medial eminence 内侧隆起medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经medulla oblongata 延髓metathalamus 后丘脑methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能(中枢神经兴奋药)midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI坐标系motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层;运动皮层musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经occipital lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey 导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回;颞中回后部precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层putamen 壳pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经septo-hippocampal complex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampal system 海马皮层系统solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory cortex (SC) 躯体感觉皮层spinal cord 脊髓spinal nerves 脊神经spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束striae medullaris 髓纹substantia gelatinosa 胶状质substantia nigra (SN) 黑质,塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus 底丘脑superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior parietal and premotor regions 高级顶叶和运动前区Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 顶上小叶superior temporal sulcus (STS) 颞上沟supplementary motor area (SMA) 辅助运动区supramarginal gyrus 缘上回sympathetic nerve 交感神经Ttelencephalon (cerebrum)端脑(大脑)temporal lobe 颞叶temporal pole 颞极temporal-parietal junctions (TPJ) 颞顶交界处temporoparietal cortex 颞皮层thalamus (THAL) 丘脑thoracic nerves 胸神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经tibial nerve 胫神经tract 神经束transcoronal magnetic stimulating system (TMS) 经颅磁刺激系统trapezoid body 斜方体trigeminal nerve 三叉神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经Uulnar nerve 尺神经uncus (海马旁回)钩Vvagal trigone 迷走神经三角vagus nerve 迷走神经vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系ventral cingulate 前扣带ventral medial (PFC) 腹内侧ventral medial frontal 腹额内侧ventral pallidum (VP) 腹侧苍白球ventral prefrontal cortex 腹侧前额叶皮层ventral premotor cortex ( VPC ) 腹外侧运动前皮质ventral striatum (VS) 腹侧纹状体ventral tegmental area (VTAa) 腹侧背盖区ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) 腹外侧前额叶皮层ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) 腹内侧前额叶皮层ventromedial region of prefrontal cortex 前额皮质腹中区域vestibular area前庭区vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系visual cortex (VC) 视觉皮层Wwhite matter 白质PreG precentral gyrus 中央前回PosG postcentral gyrus 中央后回MFG middle frontal gyrus 额中回SFG superior frontal gyrus 额上回IFG inferior frontal gyrus 额下回MTG middle temporal gyrus 颞中回ITG inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回MOG middle occipital lobule 枕中回IOG inferior occipital gyrus 枕下回IPL inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶SMG supramarginal gyrus 缘上回FFA fusiform face area 梭状回面孔区LG lingual gyrus 舌回MNS:In humans, the mirror neuron system has two major components. One is formed by the inferior parietal lobule(顶下小叶)and the ventral premotor cortex(腹侧运动前皮层)plus the caudal part(尾部的)of Broca’s area, the other by the insula(脑岛) and anterior cingulate gyrus (扣带回). The main visual input to the MNS originates from the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus(颞上沟STS)。
centrepiece 中⼼装饰品 centri- 表⽰“⾓ centric 中⼼的 centrical 位中⼼的 centricity 中⼼ centrifugal effect 离⼼作⽤ centrifugal force 地⼼引⼒ centrifugal machine 离⼼分离机 centrifugal 离⼼的 centrifugalization 受离⼼作⽤ centrifugalize 使受离⼼作⽤ centrifugate 分出物 centrifuge 离⼼机 centriole 中⼼粒 centripetal force 向⼼⼒ centripetal 向⼼的 centripetalism 向⼼性 centripetence 向⼼作⽤ centrist 中间派议员 centrobaric 重⼼的 centroclinal 同点倾斜的 centroid 质⼼ centromere 着丝点 centrosome 中⼼体 centrosphere 地核 centrosymmetric 中⼼对称的 centrum 中⼼ cents-off 象征性优惠的 centum 百 centuple 百倍的 centuplicate 百倍 centurial ⼀世纪的 centuried 维持百年 centuries-old 悠久的 century 世纪 ceorl 最下层⼈ cephalad 向头侧 cephalalgia 头痛 cephalate 有头的 cephalated 有头的 cephalic 头的 cephalin 脑磷脂 cephalitis 脑炎 cephalization 头部集中化 cephalochordate 头索动物 cephaloid 头状花 cephalometer 头部测量器 cephalometric 头部测量法的 cephalometry 测颅法 cephalopod 头⾜类动物 cephalopodous 头⾜类的 cephalosporin 头孢菌素 cephalothin 头孢菌素 cephalothorax 头胸部 cephalous 有头的 Cepheus 仙王座 ceraceous 蜡状的 ceramal 合⾦陶瓷 ceramic dentistry 瓷⽛学 ceramic glaze 釉 ceramic tile 瓷砖 ceramic 陶器的 ceramics 制陶术 ceramist 陶艺家 cerastium ⽿草属 cerat- 表⽰“⾓ cerate 蜡膏 cerated 上蜡的 ceratodus 澳肺鱼 ceratoid ⾓状的 cercaria 尾蚴 cercarial 摇尾幼⾍的 cercopithecoid 猕猴科之动物 cercus 尾⽑ cere 蜡膜 cereal ⾕类⾷品 cerebel ⼩脑 cerebella ⼩脑 cerebellar ⼩脑的 cerebellum ⼩脑 cerebra ⼤脑 cerebral hemorrhage 脑溢⾎ cerebral 脑的 cerebralism ⼤脑机能论 cerebrate 思考 cerebratmon 脑髓作⽤ cerebric 脑的 cerebritis ⼤脑炎 cerebro- 表⽰“脑 cerebroid 如脑的 cerebrospinal meningitis 脑脊髓膜炎 cerebrospinal 脑脊髓的 cerebrotomy 脑切开术 cerebrovascular 脑⾎管的 cerebrum ⼤脑 cerecloth 蜡布 cered 有蜡膜的 cerement 寿⾐ ceremonial 仪式 ceremonialism 讲究仪式 ceremonialist 礼法家 ceremonially 仪式上 ceremoniously 隆重地 ceremony 典礼 Ceres ⾕类⼥神 cereus 仙⼈掌 ceria 酸化市 ceric 铈的 ceriferous 产蜡的 cerise 樱桃⾊ cerite 铈硅⽯ cerium 铈 cermet ⾦属陶瓷 cernuous 俯垂的 cero 巨鲐 cerograph 蜡刻 ceroma 搽油间 ceroplastic 蜡塑的 cerotype 蜡版之模⼦ cerous 铈的 cert 确实的事情 certain 确定的 certainly 的确 certainty 确定 certes 的确 certifiable 可保证的 certificate of death 死亡证明书 certificate of deposit 存款单 certificate of diagnosis 诊断证明书 certificate of disability 残疾证明书 certificate of incopocation 公司登记执照 certificate of insucance 保险单 certificate of origin 货物原产地证明书 certificate of stock 股票 certificate 证书 certification 认证 certified mail 保证邮件 certified milk 合格⽜乳 certified public accountant 执业会计师 certified seed 合格种籽 certified 被鉴定的 certifier 证明者 certify to 书⾯证明 certify 证明 certiorari 移送命令 certitude 确实 certosina 镶嵌术 cerulean 蔚蓝的 cerumen ⽿垢 ceruse 铅粉 cerusite ⽩铅矿 Cervantes 塞凡提斯 cervantite ⽩安矿 cervi- 表⽰“⿅ cervical 颈的 cervices ⼦宫颈 cervicitis ⼦宫颈炎 cervine ⿅的 cervix 颈 Cesarean 凯撒的 Cesarian 崇拜者 cesium 铯 cespitose 丛⽣的 cess 税 cessation 停⽌ cessative 表⽰停⽌的 cesser 中⽌ cession 割让 cessionary 让与的 cesspipe 排⽔管 cesspool 污⽔坑 cestode 绦⾍ cestoid 象绦⾍的 cestus 拳击⼿套 cesura 停⽌ cetacea 鲸类 cetacean 鲸类的 cetaceous 鲸鱼的 cetaceum 鲸脑 cetane ⼗六烷 cete ⼀群獾 ceterach ⽺齿植物 cetological 鲸类学的 cetologist 鲸类学者 cetology 鲸类学 Cetus 鲸鱼座 Cevennes 塞⽂⼭脉 cevitamic acid 维⽣素C cevitamic 维⽣素C Ceylon 锡兰 cf. ⽐较 cg 重⼼ Ch'an 禅 Ch'in 秦 Ch'ing 清 ch. 章 ch.b. 化学⼠ ch.d. 化学博⼠ cha-cha 恰恰舞 cha-chaed 跳恰恰舞 Chablis ⽩葡萄酒 chabouk ⼀种长鞭 chabuk ⼀种长鞭 chackle 喋喋不休 chaconne 恰空舞 Chadian 乍得⼈ chaeta 刺 chaeto- 表⽰“刺 chaetognath ⽑颚类动物 chafe at 发怒 chafe on 冲洗 chafe 擦热 chafer ⾦龟⼦ chaff ⾕壳 chaff-cutter 切草机 chaffcutter 切草 chaffer 讲价 chafferer 愚弄者 chaffinch 花鸡 chaffingly 嘲笑地 chaffy dish ⽕锅 chaffy 多糠的 chafing dish ⽕锅 chafing ⽪肤发炎 Chagatai 查加台语 chagrin 懊恼 chagul ⽺⽪⽔壶 chain acmour 锁⼦甲 chain belt 链带 chain block 起重机 chain drive 动⼒装备 chain gang 链锁囚犯 chain letter 连锁信 chain mail 锁⼦甲 chain molding 链状之花边 chain of command 指挥系统 chain printer 链式打印机 chain pump 链泵 chain reactor 链式堆 chain shot 链锁弹 chain smoker 连续抽烟的⼈ chain stitch 链形缝法 chain store 连锁商店 chain up 锁住 chain wheel 滑轮 chain 链 chain-react 产⽣连锁反应 chain-reacting 连锁反应 chain-smoke 连续抽烟 chain-stitch ⽤链形缝法缝 chainage 测链量距离 chainbridge 铁链吊桥 chained 装链的 chainless ⽆链的 chainlet ⼩链 chainman 拿尺⼈ chainomatic 链码天平 chainreactor 链式堆 chainstitch 链形缝 chair bed 折椅 chair desk 连桌椅 chair rail 墙上⽊条 chair 椅⼦ chairborne 坐办公桌的 chairlady ⼥主席 chairman of the board 董事长 chairman 主席 chairmanship 主席⾝份 chairone 主席 chairperson 主席 chairwarmer 不务正业者 chairwoman ⼥主席 chaise 轻马车 chaitya 寺庙 chalaza 系带 chalcedonic ⽯髓的 chalcedony ⽟髓 chalcid ⼩蜂 Chalcis 卡尔基斯 chalco- 表⽰“铜 chalcocite 辉铜矿 chalcography 铜版雕刻术 chalcopyrite 黄铜矿 Chaldaic 古巴⽐伦⼈ Chaldea 卡尔迪亚王国 Chaldean 占星术的 Chaldee 占星术的 chaldron 煤量名 chalet 牧⼈⼩屋 chalice 杯 chaliced 杯中的 chalicosis ⽯末沉着病 chalicothere 雷兽动物 chalk it up 宣布 chalk out 计划 chalk up 记下 chalk 粉笔 chalkboard ⿊板 chalkiness ⽩垩 chalklike 似⽩垩的 chalkrail 粉笔槽 chalkstone ⽩垩块 chalkware 彩饰 chalky ⽩垩的 challah ⽩⾯包 challenge 挑战 challenging 挑战兴趣的 challie 轻质⽑料 challis 轻质⽑料 chalone 抑素 chalybeate 含铁质的 cham 可汗 chamade 求和⿎ chamber concert 室内乐演奏会 chamber council 秘密会议 chamber counsel 私⼈法律顾问 chamber of commerce 商会 chamber of deputies 法国等国之下议院 chamber opera ⼩型歌剧 chamber orchestra 室内管弦乐队 chamber pot 便壶 chamber 室 chambered 有房间的 chamberer 出⼊闺房者 chamberlain 侍从 chamberlaine 侍从 chambermaid ⼥仆 Chambezi 赞⽐及河 chambray 条纹布 chameleon 变⾊龙 chameleonic 变⾊龙似的 chamfer 槽 chamfron 马头盔甲 chamiso 蔷薇属灌⽊ chammy 羚⽺⽪ chammy-leather 雪⽶⽪ chamois 岩羚⽺ chamomile ⽢菊 Chamorro 查莫罗⼈ champ 使劲嚼 champaign 平原 champertor 助讼者 champerty 帮诉 champignon ⾷⽤⾹草 champion 冠军 championship 冠军 champleve 填上油漆的 chance on 偶然发现 chance the duck 不管后果 chance to 偶然发⽣ chance upon 偶然遇见 chance 机会 chance-medley 过失杀伤 chancel ⾼坛 chancellery ⼤⾂ chancellor 长官 chancellorship 长官之职位或任期 chancery ⼤法官法庭 chanciness 偶然性 chancre 下疳 chancriform 下疳似的 chancroid 软下疳 chancy 不确实的 chandelier 装饰灯 chandler 杂货零售商 chandleress ⼥杂货商 chandlery 杂货 chanfron 马头盔甲 change about 见异思迁 change color 变⾊ change down 开慢 change foot 换步 change for 交换 change horses 换马 change house ⼩客栈或⼩酒店 change icon 改变图标 change into 兑换 change key 钥匙 change link 改变链接 change of air 移地疗养 change of life ⽉经停⽌ change of pace 改变习惯 change of voice 长成少年时的变⾳ change one's condition 结婚 change one's countenance 变脸⾊ change one's mind 改变主意 change one's skin 改变本性 change one's tune 改变调⼦ change over 改变成 change password 修改⼝令 change step 换步 change system settings 改变系统设置 change the leg 改换步伐 change up 开快 change 改变 changeability 可变性 changeable 可改变的 changeably 易变地 changeabout 变成相反 changeful 易变的 changefully 多变地 changeless 不变的 changeling 低能⼉ changemaker 换零钱机 changeover 转换 changepocket 硬币⼝袋 changing bag 不透光袋⼦ changing cells 可变单元 Changkiang 长江 Changsha 长沙 channel map 通道映射表 channel off 引导 channel 频道 channelize 使形成沟渠 channels 通道 chanson n歌曲 chansonnette ⼩歌 chansonnier 歌⼿ chant 圣歌 chantable 可歌的 chantage 勒索 chanter 吟唱者 chanterelle 蘑菇 chanteur 歌唱者 chanteuse ⼥民谣歌⼿ chantey 船歌 chanteyman 唱⽔⼿歌的⼈ chanticleer 公鸡 chantress ⼥吟唱者 chantry 教堂 chanty 船歌 Chanukah 光明节 chaos * chaotic 混乱的 chap 伙伴 chaparajos ⽪裤 chaparejos ⽪裤 chaparral 丛林 chapatty 薄煎饼 chape ⼑鞘包铜 chapeau 帽⼦ chapel ⼩礼拜堂 chapelgoer ⾮国教徒 chapelry 礼拜堂教区 chaperon ⼥伴 chaperonage 伴随 chaperone ⼥伴 chapfallen 沮丧的 chapiter 柱头 chaplain 牧师 chaplaincy 牧师职 chaplet 花冠 chapleted 戴花冠的 Chaplin 卓别林 Chaplinesque 卓别林式的 chapman 商⼈ chapote 墨西哥柿⼦。
afferent fibers 传入纤维Ammom horn 安蒙氏角amygdala 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核arachnoid 蛛网膜arcuate fasciculus 弓状束arcuate nucleus 弓状核associative cortex 联络皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质anterior cingulate cortex, ACC,前扣带回Bbasal ganglia 基底神经节basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核(无名质)basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群brain stem 脑干brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构Broca area 布洛卡区Ccalcarine fissure 距状裂caudate nucleus 尾状核central canal 中心管central sulcus 中心沟central tegmental tract 中心被盖束cerebellar folia 小脑小叶cerebellum 小脑cerebral aqueduct 大脑导水管cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液choroid plexus 脉络丛cingulate cortex 扣带回皮质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulum 扣带circumventricular organ 室周器官cochlear nucleus 耳蜗核colliculus 丘commissure 连合corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus pineale 松果体cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束decussation 交叉dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束dorsallateral pathway 背外侧通路dorsalmedial thalamus 背内侧丘脑dura matter 硬脑膜Eefferent fibers 传出纤维encephalization 脑形成encephalization index 脑化指数endocast 颅腔entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质epithalamus 上丘脑external capsuale 外囊extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统Ffimbria 海马伞fissure 裂fornix 穹窿fourth ventricles 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶frontal operculum 额叶岛盖Ggeniculostriate system 外侧膝状体纹皮质系统globus pallidus 苍白球gray substance 灰质gyrus 脑回Hhippocampus 海马hippocampus formation 海马结构hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior colliculus 下丘inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质infundibulum 漏斗internal capsule 内囊Llateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral ventricle 侧脑室lemniscal system 丘系系统lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic cortex 边缘皮质limbic system 边缘系统locus coeruleus 蓝斑Mmagnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核mammillary body 乳头体mammillothalamic tract 乳头丘脑束massa intermedia 中间块medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体medial preoptic area 视前内侧区medulla oblongata 延脑medullary lamina 髓板medullary substances or medulla 髓质meninges 脑脊膜mesencephalon 中脑mesocortex 中间皮质metencephalon 后脑motor control system 运动控制系统motor cortex 运动皮质myelencephalon 末脑Nneostriatum 新纹状体nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统nucleus 神经核nucleus accumbens 伏核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核Ooccipital foramen 枕骨大孔occipital horns 枕角occipital lobe 枕叶occipital pole 枕极ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱olfactory bulb 嗅球optic tectum 视顶盖optical radiation 视放核orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质Ppaleostriatum 旧纹状体(苍白球)parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核paraventricular nucleus 旁室核parietal lobes 顶叶parvocellularneurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统perforant path 穿质通路periaqueductal grey matter 导水管四周灰质pia matter 软脑膜planum temporale 颞平台pons 脑桥postcentral cortex 中心后回precentral gyrus 中心前回prefrontal cortex 前额皮质preoptic area 视前区prestriate cortex 纹前皮质presubiculum 前下托primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质primary projection area 一级投射皮质primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质=第一感觉区primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质proseucephalon 前脑pulvinar 枕核putamen 壳核pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidalis area 锥体区Rraphe nucleus 缝际核red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束rhinencephalon 嗅脑rhombencephalon 菱脑rubrospinal tract 红核束Ssencondary projection area 二级投射区septal area 隔区sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory area 躯体感觉区somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质specific projecting system 特异性投射系统stria terminalis 终纹striate area 纹状区striate cortex 纹状皮质subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔subcortex 皮质下subfornical organ 穹窿下器官subiculum 下托substantia nigra 黑质sulcus 沟superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核supraoptic nucleus 视上核Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂Ttectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束tectum 顶盖tegmentum 被盖telecephalon 端脑temporal lobe 颞叶tertiary projection area 三级投射区thalamus 丘脑third ventricle 第三脑室Uuncinate faciculus 钩束Vventral amygdalofugal pathway 杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹后核ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路ventricles 脑室ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑visual cortex 视觉皮质(枕极)WWernicke area 维尔尼克区white matter 白质。
最强大脑速记英语单词一、基础词汇。
1. apple.- 音标:[ˈæpl]- 词性:n.(名词)- 速记:“a”像一个苹果,pp很像苹果把儿,le是常见的名词后缀。
联想一个红红的苹果的样子就很容易记住。
2. book.- 音标:[bʊk]- 词性:n.- 速记:“b”像一本翻开的书的侧面,oo像两个眼睛看书,k像书的封底。
3. cat.- 音标:[kæt]- 词性:n.- 速记:“c”像猫弯曲的身体,“a”像猫的头,“t”像猫的尾巴。
4. dog.- 音标:[dɒɡ]- 词性:n.- 速记:“d”像狗耷拉的耳朵,“o”像狗的身体,“g”像狗的尾巴卷起的样子。
二、中级词汇。
1. elephant.- 音标:[ˈelɪfənt]- 词性:n.- 速记:“e”像大象长长的鼻子,“le”可联想“了”,大象鼻子长长的太显眼了,“phant”发音类似“放它”,想象大象鼻子太长了,放它到别处去。
2. juice.- 音标:[dʒuːs]- 词性:n.- 速记:“ju”发音类似“桔”,可以联想桔子汁,“ice”是冰,桔子汁加冰的画面有助于记忆。
3. mountain.- 音标:[ˈmaʊntən]- 词性:n.- 速记:“moun”发音类似“忙”,tain像“天”,联想在山上很忙,看山连着天。
三、高级词汇。
1. ambulance.- 音标:[ˈæmbjələns]- 词性:n.- 速记:“am”是“是”的意思,“bu”发音类似“不”,“lan”联想“拦”,“ce”联想“车”,可以理解为是不能拦的车,因为是救护车。
2. pestilence.- 音标:[ˈpestɪləns]- 词性:n.(瘟疫)- 速记:“pes”发音类似“拍死”,“ti”联想“踢”,“lence”联想“冷死”,想象对待瘟疫要拍死、踢走,不然就会冷死(被感染致死)。
3. sophisticated.- 音标:[səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd]- 词性:adj.(复杂的;世故的)- 速记:“so”联想“所以”,“phi”发音类似“飞”,“sti”联想“是提”,“cat”联想“猫”,“ed”是形容词后缀。
cir4超脑词汇1~10第一课1. curious cur坏蛋;ious →adj标志be curious about2. democracy demo示威者;cracy crazy向往“民主”的示威着一般都是很疯狂的。
3. depend spend花费depend on=(四级考点)relay on4. distinguish fish小鱼(一般指熟鱼);dis 不;ting铃音或哨音经过训练的小鱼都可以“分辨”出不同的哨音。
5. electron elect电,用电;on →son电的儿子→“电子”。
6. explanation ex(前缀)向外;plan计划;ation →n标志向外说出计划→“解释,说明”。
7. favorable favor 帮忙,帮助;able →adj标志do me a favor帮忙8. fiction fict →fact;tion音:神“传奇”就是把事实说神了。
区分:novel小说fiction传记,传奇9. financial音:非常难受“金融的”危机一般都是非常难受的。
10. fraction fract磨碎,破碎;11. glow音:阁楼→光束12. grab rab →rob抢劫;g音:给rob sb. of sth抢劫某人某物rob sb. with sth带某物抢某人13. harmony har音:哈;mony →money当男朋友和贪钱的女朋友吵架的时候,男朋友拿出钱,女朋友就会有“哈,钱”的感叹,所以就“和睦”了。
14. hence hen目击;ce音:死hence=so在写作中一般用hence 不用so,因为hence比较文雅。
15. household house别墅别墅就是“家庭”。
非重点16. injure jure古罗马的交通法;in否定违反交通法就会“受伤”。
17. instruct struct知识结构;in 在……里区分:instruct短期教育educate长期正规教育18. isolate I我;so如此;late晚在宿舍中有什么事情我都是最后一个知道的,所以我是被“孤立的”。
有关大脑的活动:gnos/gnor,cogn,not/nobl,sci,sens/sent,cred,jud/jur,duc/duct,struct===to know知道gnosis/'nəʊsɪs/n.灵知,神秘的直觉[dia-透过]diagnosis/,daɪəɡ'nosɪs/n.诊断,特征(指“透过身体查知”)[i-=in-不]ignore/ɪɡ'nɔr/v.忽视,不顾(指“不去查知”)[-ant形容词后缀]ignorant/'ɪɡnərənt/ a.无知的,愚昧的[pro-前]prognosis/prɑg'nosɪs/n.预知,预测(指“事前知道”)[-able能]notable/'notəbl/ a.值得注意的,著名的,n.名人(指“都能知道的”)[-ify使……]notify/'notə'fai/v.布告,通知(指“使……知道”)[-or人;-ous形容词后缀]notorious/no'tɔrɪəs/ a.臭名昭著的(指“坏名声被大家知道的”)[an-在……上;-ate动词后缀]annotate/'ænə'tet/v.注解(指“在某点上使人知道”)[de-下;note记]denote/dɪ'not/v.指示,意味着(指“记下”)noble/'nobl/ a.著名的,高贵的,贵族[en-使……]ennoble/ɪ'nobl/v.使高贵,授爵[i-=in-不]ignoble/iɲɔbl/a.不名誉的,卑贱的※注意:notion n.概念,看法,意图[-ence名词后缀]science/'saɪəns/n.科学,学科[-ist人]scientist/'saɪəntɪst/n.科学家[con-共同]conscience/ˈkɑ:nʃəns/n.良心,道德心(指“共同的感知”)[con-强调作用;-ous形容词后缀]conscious/'kɑnʃəs/ a.知道的,意识到的,自觉的[omni-全,都]omniscience/ɑm'nɪʃəns/ a.无所不知的(指“都知道”)]prescience/'prɛʃɪəns/n.预知,先见(指“事前知道”)=to think,to feel感觉,想sense/sɛns/n.感觉,感官,情理,意义[extra-超]extrasensory/,ɛkstrə'sɛnsəri/ a.超感觉的[in-不;-ible能]insensible/ɪn'sɛnsəbl/a.失去知觉,冷淡的(指“不能感知的”)[non-没有;sense意义]nonsense/'nɑnsɛns/n.胡说[-ment名词后缀]sentiment/'sɛntɪmənt/n.情操,感情,观点,感伤[-ence名词后缀]sentence/'sɛntəns/n.句子,判决(指“思考的形式”)[as-加强意义]assent/ə'sɛnt/v.赞成,附和[con-共同]consent/kən'sɛnt/v.同意,赞成(指“共同的感觉”)[dis-分开]dissent/dɪ'sɛnt/v.不同意,持异议(指“不同的感觉”)[pre-先,前;-ment名词后缀]presentiment/prɪ'zɛntɪmənt/n.(不详的)预感(指“事先感受”)[re-相反]resent/rɪ'zɛnt/n.怨恨,对…不满(指“相反的感受”→反感)※注意:sentry/'sɛntri/n.哨兵,警卫present/prɪˈzɛnt/ a.目前的,礼物absent/ˈæbsnt/ a.缺席,不在意essential/ɪ'sɛnʃl/a.必要的,基本的,n.要素=to believe相信能,可]credible/'krɛdəbl/a.可信的,可靠的[-it名词后缀]credit/'krɛdɪt/n.相信,信誉,信用,存款,贷款[-ulous易……的]credulous/'krɛdʒələs/a.易信的,轻信的[ac-加强意义]accredit/ə'krɛdɪt/v.相信,委任,把……归咎[dis-不]discredit/dɪs'krɛdɪt/v.不信,丧失名誉[in-不;-ible可,能]incredible/ɪn'krɛdəbl/ a.难以置信的,惊人的※注意:creed/krid/n.信条,信念=to judge,law判断,法律[-al形容词后缀]judicial/dʒʊ'dɪʃəl/ a.司法的,公正的[ad-=to;-ate动词后缀]adjudicate/ə'dʒudɪket/v.判决,裁定[in-不;-ous形容词后缀]injudicious/'ɪndʒʊ'dɪʃəs/a.没脑筋的,不聪明的(指“不会判断的”)[pre-前;-ice名词后缀]prejudice/'prɛdʒədɪs/n.偏见,成见(指“事前就有了判断”)[-al形容词后缀]jural/'dʒʊrəl/a.法律(上)的[-ist人,专家]jurist/'dʒʊrɪst/n.法理学家,法官[-y名词后缀]jury/'dʒʊri/n.陪审团(通常由12人组成)[in-不]injure/'ɪndʒɚ/v.伤害,损害(指“不法行为”)[ad-=to]adjudge/ə'dʒʌdʒ/v.裁决,判给[pre-先,前]prejudge/,pri'dʒʌdʒ/v.预断,过早判断(指“事前判断”)※注意:judder/'dʒʌdɚ/v.颤抖,(声音)震颤=to lead,to bring领,引,带duct/dʌkt/n.导管,管[-ile易……的]ductile/'dʌktaɪl/a.易拉长的,柔软的[ab-离]abduct/æb'dʌkt/v.诱拐(指“带离”)[aque-水]aqueduct/'ækwɪ'dʌkt/n.导水管,导管[con-一起]conduct/kən'dʌkt/v.指挥,传导(指“领……一起”)[e-=ex-出]educt/'idʌkt/n.析出物,推论结果(指“引出的东西”)[de-离]deduct/dɪ'dʌkt/v.除去,推断,扣除(指“引离开”)[in-入]induct/ɪn'dʌkt/v.引导,传授(指“引……进门”)[pro-=forth]product/'prɑdʌkt/n.产物(指“引出来的东西”)[via-路]viaduct/'vaɪədʌkt/n.栈道,高架桥(指“引导的路”)[de-出自]deduce/dɪˈdjus/v.推论,演绎(指“自……引出”)[e-出]educe/ɪ'djʊs/v.引出,推定[in-加强意义]induce/ɪn'dus/v.劝诱,感应(指“引”→“引诱”)[intro-入]introduce/ˌɪntrə'dus/v.引入,介绍[pro-=forth]produce/prəˈdus/v.生产,产品,出版(指“bring forth”)[re-回]reduce/rɪ'dʊs/v.还原,降低,减少(指“带回”)[se-离]seduce/sɪ'dʊs/v.勾引,挑唆(指“引离正道”)[tra-=tran横]traduce/trə'dus/v.诽谤,中伤风]vent duct n.通风管(道)(指“引导风的管道”)=to change变换[-able能]mutable/'mjutəbl/ a.易变的[-al形容词后缀]mutual/'mjutʃuəl/a.相互的(指“彼此交换的”)[com-加强意义]commute/kə'mjʊt/v.用……交换,减轻,补偿[im-不]immutable/ɪ'mjutəbl/ a.不变的[per-完全]permute/pɚ'mjʊt/v.交换,排列(指“完全改变”)[tans-过]transmute/trænz'mjut/v.使变形,使变化※注意:mute/mjut/ a.缄默的,哑的,不发音的=to build建筑[-ure名词后缀]structure/'strʌktʃɚ/n.构造,组织,建筑物[con-一起]construct/kən'strʌkt/v.建筑,建设,创立(指“建在一起”)[re-重]reconstruct/,rikən'strʌkt/v.重建,复兴[de-倒下;-ible能]destructible/dɪ'strʌktəbl/ a.能毁坏的,能破坏的(指“倒毁建筑”)[in-内]instruct/ɪn'strʌkt/v.教授,指令,通知(指“塑造人的内心”)[ob-反对]obstruct/əb'strʌkt/v.阻塞,妨碍(指“建起来挡住”)[sub-下;-ure名词后缀]substructure/'sʌbstrʌktʃɚ/n.基础,下层建筑(指“下部建筑”)[super-上]superstructure/'supɚstrʌktʃɚ/n.上层建筑。
一、医学词汇翻译(20分)1、fibrosis纤维变性splenopathy脾病arthropathia关节病leucopenia白细胞减少chololith胆石glossospasm舌痉挛laryngoplegia喉麻痹lymphocytorrhexis淋巴细胞破裂myomalacia肌软化rhinedema鼻水肿podalgia足痛hyperalgesia痛觉过敏pleurodynia胸膜痛encephalocele脑突出chondritis软骨炎urorrhea遗尿dermatosclerosis硬皮症hepatomegaly/hepatomega lia肝肿大adenoncus腺肿大2、hemapoiesis 血细胞生成,血生成vasodilation 血管扩vasculitis脉管炎angiocyst成血管囊lymphokine 淋巴因子myocarditis 心肌炎myelocythemia 髓细胞血症neurasthenia 神经衰弱urocyanin 尿蓝质urinemia 尿毒症uronophile 嗜尿的crinogenic 促分泌的adenocarcinoma 腺癌thyrocele 甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢genitoplasty 生殖器形成术gonadogenesis 性腺发生dermomycosis 皮真菌病cuticle 表皮osteectopia 骨异位3、cardiomegalia 心肥大encephalorrhagia 脑出血pulmolith 肺石pulmonology 肺脏学pneumochysis 肺水肿hepatatrophy 肝萎缩hepaticopulmonary肝肺的gastrocolotomy胃结肠吻stomachoscopy 胃镜检查cholocyanin 胆青素splenectopia 脾异位pancreatopathy 胰病nephredema 肾盂积水tracheostomy 气管造口术bronchoplegia 支气管麻esophagalgia 食管痛mammatroph 催乳细胞mastodynia 乳房痛metromalacia 子宫软化uteropexy 子宫固定术4、osteoclast 折骨器osteoclasis 折骨术thermogram 温度记录图thermograph温度记录图器thermography温度记录图法thoracometer 胸围计thoracometry 胸廓测量法otoscope 耳镜otoscopy 耳镜检查ophthalmostat眼球固定器ophthalmostasis 眼球固定法arthrotome 关节刀arthrotomy 关节切开术angiotribe 血管压轧器angiotripsy 血管压轧术5、laryngotomy 喉切开术myomectomy 肌瘤切除术secocolostomy 盲肠结肠吻合术cheiloplasty 唇形成术syndesmorrhaphy 韧带缝合术tendinosuture 腱缝术romanopexy 乙状结肠固定术arthrodesis 关节固定术uterofixation子宫固定术arthrolysis 关节松解术celiocentisis腹腔穿刺术venipuncture静脉穿刺术tracheofissure 气管分裂术bronchodilation支气管扩张sialectasia 涎管扩张lymphangiectasis 淋巴管扩张lithotripsy 碎石术atresia 闭锁,无孔ateriostrepsis 动脉扭转术(止血)pleuroclysis 胸膜腔灌洗术6、natriuresis 钠尿排泄potassemia 高钾血症kaliopenia 低钾血症calcitonin 降钙素magnesite 碳酸镁ferritin 铁蛋白hydrogenase 氢化酶oxylase 氧化酶oxozone 双氧水carbonuria 碳酸尿症carbocyclic 碳环的nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油aminolysis 氨解作用ammonirrhea 氨排泄leukotriene 白三烯glycerol 甘油,丙醇acetone 丙酮aciduria 尿酸alkalosis 碱中毒basocyte 嗜碱性粒细胞7、astrocyte 星状细胞coracoacromial 喙突肩峰的coronavirus 冠状病毒cricothyroid 环甲软骨的cyclohexane 环己六醇cuneus 楔叶(大脑)reticuloendothelial网状内皮细胞discoblastula 盘形囊胚mitosis 有丝分裂flocculoreaction絮状反应globulinuria 球蛋白尿spherolith 球状石rhabdomyolysis 横纹肌溶解cymbocephalia 舟状头(畸形)sphenocephaly 楔形头(畸形)helicopepsin 螺蛋白酶squamocellular 鳞状细胞的staphylococcin 葡萄球菌素styloid 茎状的trochocephaly轮状头(畸形)8、Mianserin 米安色林(抗抑郁药)Nitrazepam 硝西泮,硝基安定(抗惊厥和催眠药)Amobarbital 异戊巴比妥(镇静催眠药)Dibucaine 地布卡因,辛可卡因(局部麻醉药)Cefixime 头孢克肟Penicillin 青霉素Miconazole 咪康唑(抗真菌药)Tetracycline 四环素(抗生素类药)Nimodipine 尼莫地平,硝苯砒酯(血管扩张药)Sufentanil 舒芬太尼,噻哌苯胺(镇痛药)Aminophylline氨茶碱(平滑肌松弛药,利尿药)Gentamycin 庆大霉素(抗生素类药)Sulnidazole 舒硝唑,硫乙硝唑(抗滴虫药)Buprenorphine 布诺啡,叔丁啡(镇痛药)Norfloxacin 诺氟沙星Indoprofen 吲哚洛芬,印酮苯丙酸(消炎镇痛药)Rifampin 利福平Sulfadiazine 磺胺嘧啶(磺胺类药)Famotidine 法莫替丁(组胺H2拮抗药)Acyclovir 阿昔洛韦,无环鸟苷(抗病毒药)9、Hemialgia 偏侧痛Semicanal 半管Monacid 一元酸Uniaural 单耳的Dicephaly 双头(畸形)Biatrial 两心房的Ambiopia 复视Triacetate 三醋酸盐Teroxide 三氧化物Tetracycline 四环素quaritsternal 胸骨第四节的Pentene 戊烯Quinquecuspid 五尖的,五尖牙Hexose 己糖Sextipara 六产妇Heptanal 庚醛Septanose 七环糖Octapeptide 八肽Nonapeptide 九肽Decapod 十足的十足目动物10、leukemia 白血病Leucocytosis/leukocytosis 白细胞增多Albinuria 白尿,乳糜尿Melanoma 黑素瘤Nigral 黑质的Erythrocytin 红细胞素Rubriblast 原正成红细胞原始红细胞Chlorophyll 叶绿素Viridin 绿啶绿胶霉素(抗真菌抗生素)Cyanosis 发绀青紫Xanthoderma 黄肤皮肤变黄Lutein 黄体素脂色素Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Glaucoma 青光眼Polioencephalitis 脑灰质炎Eosinophilia 嗜酸粒细胞增多Rhodopsin 视紫质视紫红(质)Purpura 紫癜Violaceous 紫色的青紫色的11、Epicondyle 上髁Hypernephroma 肾上腺样瘤Supermaxilla 上颌骨Supralumbar 腰上的Subpatellar 髌下的Hypoglossal 舌下的Infraorbital 眶下的Preretinal 视网膜前的Anteposition 前位Postabortal 流产后的Retro-ocular 眼后的Endotheliosis 内皮增生Intra-arterial 动脉内的Ectoblast 外胚层,外胚叶外膜Exocervix 外宫颈Exterogestate 宫外发育的宫外孕胎Extracerebral 脑外的Mesiolabial 近中唇(侧)的Centriole 中心粒Intercostal 肋间的1.The nervous system神经系统The nervous system– the brain, the spinal cord(脊髓) and the nerves— also controls body activities. The lower parts of the brain control basic functions such as breathing and heart rate as well as body temperature, hunger, and thirst(口渴). Above these regions are the centers for sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste, and the regions that direct voluntary muscular activities(肌肉自主活动) of the arms and legs. Performed here are the higher functions of integrating(结合) and processing information.The brain receives and sends information by means of (依靠) nerves, many of which lie partly in the spinal cord. The spinal cord is protected by the spinal column(脊柱). Nerves enter and leave(出入) the spinal cord at each level of the body, traveling to and from(进出) the arms, legs, and trunk (躯干). These nerves bring information from the various sense organs (感觉器官). The information is processed by the brain, and then messages are carried back to (被传送回) muscles and glands (腺) throughout the body.2.The endocrine system内分泌系统The two systems that control body activities are the endocrine system and the nervous system. The former exerts its control by means of chemical messengers (使者) called hormones. Hormones are produced by a variety of endocrine glands (多种内分泌腺), which release the hormones directly into the blood stream (血流).A major (主要的) gland is the pituitary (垂体), which is located under the brain in the middle of the head. It produces at least eight hormones, which affect growth, kidney function, and development of the sex organs (性器官). Because some of the pituitary’s hormones stimulate other glands to produce their own hormones, the pituitary is called the master gland.Another gland, the thyroid (甲状腺), is located between the collar bones(锁骨). Its hormones controls the rate of the body’s metabolism. The sex organs [ovaries(卵巢) and testes(睾丸)] make the sex cells and also make hormones that control certain characteristics of males and females. Located on top of each kidney is the adrenal gland (肾上腺), which produces cortisone (可的松) and adrenaline(肾上腺素). The pancreas produces not only digestive enzymes but also insulin(胰岛素) and glucagon(胰高血糖素), which control the body’s use of sugar and starches (淀粉).3.The reproductive system生殖系统The reproductive system is constructed differently for males and females. The male reproductive system is responsible for producing, transporting and maintaining viable(能生育的) sperm (精子) (the male sex cell). It also produces the male sex hormones, testosterone (睾酮), which regulates the development of a beard (胡须), pubic(阴部的, 耻骨的) hair, a deep voice and other bodily characteristics of the adult male.The female reproductive system is responsible for producing and transporting ova (the female sex cells), eliminating ova卵子(复数) from the body when they are not fertilized (已受精的)by sperm, nourishing and providing a place for growth of an embryo胚胎 when an ovum卵子(单数) is fertilized by sperm, and nourishing a newborn child. The female reproductive system also produces the female sex hormones, estrogen(雌激素) and progesterone (黄体酮), which regulate the development of breasts(乳房) and other bodily characteristics of the mature female.。
大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区;极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经BBarratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) Barratt冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核central nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回common peroneal nerve 腓总神经corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cortex (CTX) 皮质corticomedial 皮质内侧corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束cranial nerves 脑神经crus cerebri 大脑脚cuneate tubercule 楔束结节cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经dendritic spines 树突刺dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)背外侧前额叶dorsal lateral striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体dura mater 硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography (EEG) 脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) 尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) γ-氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glutamate 谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippocampal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior temporal cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层;下颞叶皮层inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经internal capsule 内囊late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶lateral sulcus 外侧沟lateral ventricle 侧脑室lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统limbic lobe 边缘叶limbic system 边缘系统lingual gyrus 舌回locus ceruleus 蓝斑longthoracic nerve 胸长神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法medial eminence 内侧隆起medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经medulla oblongata 延髓metathalamus 后丘脑methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能(中枢神经兴奋药)midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI坐标系motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层;运动皮层musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经occipital lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey 导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回;颞中回后部precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层putamen 壳pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经septo-hippocampal complex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampal system 海马皮层系统solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory cortex (SC) 躯体感觉皮层spinal cord 脊髓spinal nerves 脊神经spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束striae medullaris 髓纹substantia gelatinosa 胶状质substantia nigra (SN) 黑质,塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus 底丘脑superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior parietal and premotor regions 高级顶叶和运动前区Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 顶上小叶superior temporal sulcus (STS) 颞上沟supplementary motor area (SMA) 辅助运动区supramarginal gyrus 缘上回sympathetic nerve 交感神经Ttelencephalon (cerebrum)端脑(大脑)temporal lobe 颞叶temporal pole 颞极temporal-parietal junctions (TPJ) 颞顶交界处temporoparietal cortex 颞皮层thalamus (THAL) 丘脑thoracic nerves 胸神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经tibial nerve 胫神经tract 神经束transcoronal magnetic stimulating system (TMS) 经颅磁刺激系统trapezoid body 斜方体trigeminal nerve 三叉神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经Uulnar nerve 尺神经uncus (海马旁回)钩Vvagal trigone 迷走神经三角vagus nerve 迷走神经vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系ventral cingulate 前扣带ventral medial (PFC) 腹内侧ventral medial frontal 腹额内侧ventral pallidum (VP) 腹侧苍白球ventral prefrontal cortex 腹侧前额叶皮层ventral premotor cortex ( VPC ) 腹外侧运动前皮质ventral striatum (VS) 腹侧纹状体ventral tegmental area (VTAa) 腹侧背盖区ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) 腹外侧前额叶皮层ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) 腹内侧前额叶皮层ventromedial region of prefrontal cortex 前额皮质腹中区域vestibular area前庭区vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系visual cortex (VC) 视觉皮层Wwhite matter 白质PreG precentral gyrus 中央前回PosG postcentral gyrusMFG 额中回superior frontal gyrusITG inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回MOG middle occipital lobule 枕中回IOG inferior occipital gyrus 枕下回IPL inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶SMG supramarginal gyrus 缘上回FFA fusiform face area 梭状回面孔区LG lingual gyrus 舌回MNS:In humans, the mirror neuron system has two major components. One is formed by the inferior parietal lobule(顶下小叶)and the ventral premotor cortex(腹侧运动前皮层)plus the caudal part(尾部的)of Broca’s area, the other by the insula(脑岛) and anterior cingulate gyrus (扣带回). The main visual input to the MNS originates from the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus(颞上沟STS)。