习题商业银行管理学

湖南大学课程考试试卷（A卷）答案及题解1、选择题1.A[题解]略2.A[题解]依据信用风险定义：是指交易对手未能履行约定契约中的义务而造成经济损失的风险。

3.C[题解]依据连带责任保证贷款的定义。

4.D[题解]略5.C[题解]略6.ABC[题解]核心资本由股本和公开储备构成。

故答案为A、B、C。

7.ABCD[题解]货币市场工具是指流动性极强的短期资金工具。

8.AB[题解]C、D属于负债流动性指标。

9.ABCD[题解]ABCD均为流动性供给渠道。

10.ABC[题解]票据贴现的性质为发放贷款，不属于中间业务。

2、判断题1.×[题解]历史上第一家股份制银行是英格兰银行。

2.×[题解]银行资本金的功能还有营业功能、管理功能等。

3.√[题解]放松金融管制是指金融创新，加强金融监管是指监管风险，二者并不矛盾。

4.×[题解]当今商业银行的体制是以分支行形式为主。

5.√[题解]略。

6.×[题解]商业银行向中央银行的借款只能用于调剂头寸、补充储备不足。

7.×[题解]贷记卡是先消费后还款；借记卡是先存款后消费。

8.×[题解]关注类贷款是指借款人偿还贷款本息仍属正常。

9.×[题解]商业银行的资产的流动性关注变现能力，和价值损益无关。

10.×[题解]利率上升时，敏感性缺口应保持为正值才能增加利息净收入。

三、名词解释1.中间业务1.[题解]中间业务是指不构成商业银行表内资产和表内负债、形成银行非利息收入的业务。

2.消费信贷2[题解]消费贷款是商业银行向消费者个人发放的用于购买消费品或支付其他费用的贷款。

3.信用风险3.[题解]信用风险又称违约风险，是指交易对手未能履行约定契约中的义务而造成经济损失的风险，即受信人不能履行还本付息的责任而使授信人的预期收益与实际收益发生偏离的可能性。

4.预期收入理论4.[题解]预期收入理论是指商业银行以借款人未来收入为基础而估算其还债计划，并据以安排其放款的期限结构，便能维持银行的流动性。

考试中心填写：湖南大程考卷学课试试湖南大考中心密封线（答案不得超过此线）湖南大学课程考试试卷程名课称：商行管理业银学；卷：试编号 A 考：试时间120分钟一、选择题（每题10分，共10分，其中1-5题为单选）1．巴塞尔协议新资本协议规定，商业银行资本充足率应大于等于多少？ （）A、8%B、50%C、25%D、10%2．实践经营活动中，银行因交易对手违约而形成的风险属于什么范畴之列（ ）A、信用风险B、市场风险C、操作风险D、转移风险3．按担保合同规定，借款人贷款到期不能偿还银行付款时、按约定由担保人承担偿还贷款的责任，此类贷款称之为：（）A.信用贷款B.一般保证贷款C.连带责任保证贷款 D.票据贴现贷款4．美国《格拉斯—斯蒂格尔法案》是在下列哪一年被废除的（）A、1993年B、1986年C、1991年D、1999年5．如银行贷款已经肯定要发生一定的损失，但损失金融尚不确定，此类贷款应归属于：（）A.关注类贷款B.次级类贷款C.可疑类贷款D.损失类贷款6．下列资本项目中，属于商业银行核心资本范围的有（）A、普通股B、资本公积C、盈余公积D、长期次级债务7．下列投资工具中，属于商业银行货币市场工具的有（ ）A、短期国库券B、存款单C、银行承兑票据D、欧洲货币存款8. 衡量银行资产流动性指标有哪些？ （ ）A、现金指标B、流动性证券比率C、 游资比率D、短期投资比率9. 商业银行短期资金的来源一般包括 （）A、 活期存款B、央行再贴现C、 同业拆借D、央行季节性或临时性借款10．下列银行业务中，哪些属于银行中间业务范畴：（）A、贷款承诺B、信用担保C、货币互换D、票据贴现二、判断题（下列各题，你认为是正确的，请在题干的括号内打“√”，错的打“×”，每题1.5分，共15分）1、威尼斯银行是历史上第一家股份制银行，也是现代银行业产生的象征 （ ）2、银行资本的唯一功能是弥补风险损失 （ ）3、 政府放松金融管制与加强金融监管是相互矛盾的。

第一章习题判断题1. 《金融服务现代化法案》的核心内容之一就是废除《格拉斯－斯蒂格尔法》。

（）2。

政府放松金融管制与加强金融监管是相互矛盾的。

( ）3。

商业银行管理的最终目标是追求利润最大化. ( ）4。

在金融市场上,商业银行起着类似于中介经纪人的角色。

（）5。

商业银行具有明显的企业性质，所以常用于企业管理的最优化原理，如边际分析原理、投入要素最优组合原理、规模经济原理也适用于商业银行。

()6。

金融市场的交易成本和信息不对称决定了商业银行在金融市场中的主体地位。

（）7。

企业价值最大化是商业银行管理的基本目标。

（）8。

商业银行管理学研究的主要对象是围绕稀缺资源—信用资金的优化配置所展开的各种业务及相关的组织管理问题。

（ )9. 商业银行资金的安全性包含两重含义：一是指银行投入的信用资金在不受损失的情况下能按期收回;二是指银行不会出现因贷款本息不能按期收回而影响客户提取存款的情况。

(）第一章习题参考答案1。

√2。

×3。

×4.√5。

×6.√7.×8.√9。

√第二章习题一、判断题1.《巴塞尔新资本协议》规定，商业银行的核心资本充足率仍为4％. ( ）2. 《巴塞尔新资本协议》规定，银行附属资本的合计金额不得超过其核心资本的50％。

（）3。

《巴塞尔新资本协议》对银行信用风险计量提供了两种方法:标准法和内部评级法. （）4。

资本充足率反映了商业银行抵御风险的能力. （ )5. 我国国有商业银行目前只能通过财政增资的方式增加资本金。

（）6. 商业银行计算信用风险加权资产的标准法中的风险权重由监管机关规定。

( )二、单选题1. 我国《商业银行资本充足率管理办法》规定,计入附属资本的长期次级债务不得超过核心资本的（）。

A。

20％ B. 50%C. 70%D. 100%2。

商业银行用于弥补尚未识别的可能性损失的准备金是( ）。

A. 一般准备金B. 专项准备金C. 特殊准备金D. 风险准备金3。

申明：本题目为哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院银行经营管理学期末考试重点，答案由10-931班整理。

参考教材：《商业银行经营管理学》机械工业出版社刘毅主编《商业银行业务与经营》（第三版）中国人民大学出版社庄毓敏主编下文中见课本是指机械工业出版社的版本。

第一章商业银行概述一、单项选择题1、 1694年，（ D ）的成立标志着现代商业银行制度的建立。

A、威尼斯银行B、阿姆斯特丹银行C、汉堡银行D、英格兰银行2、1897年在上海成立的( C )标志着中国现代银行的产生。

A、交通银行B、浙江兴业银行C、中国通商银行D、北洋银行3、商业银行把资金从盈余者手中转移到短缺者手中，使闲置资金得到充分的运用，这种职能被称为商业银行的（ A ）职能。

A、信用中介B、支付中介C、信用创造D、金融服务4、( A )是商业银行最基本也最能反映其经营活动特征的职能。

A、信用中介B、支付中介C、清算中介D、调节经济的职能5、商业银行利用活期存款账户，为客户办理货币结算、转账、兑换、转移存款等业务，这种功能被称为（ B ）功能。

A信用中介 B支付中介C信用创造 D金融服务6、商业银行利用吸收的活期存款，通过转账的方式发放贷款，从而衍生出更多存款，扩大社会货币供给量。

这种功能被称为（ C ）功能。

A信用中介 B支付中介C信用创造 D金融服务7、下列说法不正确的是（ B ）。

A、银行的普通股股东拥有表决权B、银行的优先股股东拥有表决权C、股东大会有权选举董事和监事D、股东大会可以决定银行的经营方针和投资计划8、商业银行经营活动的最终目标是（ C ）。

A、安全性目标B、流动性目标C、盈利性目标D、合法性目标9、属于商业银行一级准备的是（ C ）。

A、短期证券B、短期票据C、库存现金D、存款10、商业银行是（ B ）。

A、事业单位B、特殊企业C、国家机关D、商业机构二、多项选择题1、商业银行的职能有( ABCD )。

A、信用中介职能B、支付中介职能C、信用创造职能D、金融服务职能2、现代商业银行产生途径有（ AB ）。

1、对千发行普通股，下面的表述错误的是()。

A发行成本比较高B对商业银行的股东权益产生稀释作用c资金成本总要高千优先股和债券D.总资本收益率下降时，会产生杠杆作用你的答案正确答案D2、商业银行最主要的负债是()。

A借款B发行债券c各项存款D.资本你的答案正确答案c3、商业银行发行的用千补充资本金的不足的债券是（）。

A.一般性债券B.资本性债券C. 国际债券D. 政府债券你的答案正确答案B4、以下属千商业银行“主动型负债＂的是()。

A.存款B同业拆借c再贴现D金融债券E.转贴现你的答案正确答案BCDE5、商业银行借入资金应考虑的因素包括()。

A借入资金的规模B借入资金的期限C借入资金的相对成本D借入资金的风险E.借入资金的法规限制你的答案正确答案ABCDE6、商业银行资金的安全性指的是银行投入的信用资金在不受损失的情况下能如期收回。

（）A正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A7、CDs存单是一种面额较大、不记名发行但不能在二级市场流通转让的定期存款凭证。

（）A.正确B.错误你的答案正确答案B8、商业银行管理学研究的主要对象是围绕稀缺资源信用资金的优化配置所展开的各种业务及相关的组织管理问题。

（）A.正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A9、对商业银行来说存款并不是越多越好。

（）A.正确B. 错误你的答案正确答案A10、我国目前资本市场利率仍然是市场利率与计划利率并存（）A正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A1、商业银行收入的主要来源是（）。

A租赁收入B证券销售收入C手续费收入D.利息收入你的答案正确答案D2、由千对环境条件等外部因素判断失误而给银行带来损失的风险一般归纳千（）。

A信用风险B.市场风险c操作风险D国家风险你的答案正确答案c3、《巴塞尔协议》规定商业银行的核心资本与风险加权资产的比例关系是（）。

A.�8%B.�8%C.兰4%D.�4%你的答案正确答案A4、产业分析落后导致银行不恰当的贷款支持属千（）。

A信用风险B.市场风险c操作风险D国家风险你的答案正确答案A5、商业银行用千弥补尚未识别的可能性损失的准备金是()。

武汉大学20 09----20 10 学年第一学期期末考试经济与管理学院 2007级金融学专业(双学位)《银行管理学》试题（A卷）任课老师：审核人：一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.商业银行信用创造的基础在于____规模。

(a)贷款(b)投资(c)原始存款(d)负债2.目前实行单一银行制的国家有____。

(a)英国(b)德国(c)法国(d)美国3.银行增发____，原有股东对银行经营的控制权会有所减弱。

(a)优先股(b)资本期票(c)资本债券(d)普通股4.巴塞尔协议中规定银行的核心资本在总资本中不得低于____。

(a)40％(b)50％(c)20％(d)30％5.下列存款中，商业银行一般不支付或较少支付利息的是____。

(a)活期存款 (b)定期存款(c)可转让定期存单(d)活期储蓄存款6.银行贷款时采用的____，实际上是将银行的利率风险转嫁到借款者头上。

(a)固定利率(b)基础利率(c)优惠利率(d)浮动利率7.在利率互换交易中，交易双方在约定的一段时间内交换的是____。

(a)资产(b)本金(c)负债(d)利息8. 银行针对风险建立多级准备，属于____。

(a)准备策略 (b)规避策略(c)分散策略 (d)转嫁策略9. 下述流动性管理策略中，哪种方法忽视了负债方面的流动性____。

(a)缺口监察法(b)状态处理法(c)资金分配法(d)资金集合法10.银行将资金投放在各种不同期限的证券上，且每种期限购买数量相同的投资方法为____。

(a)杠铃式投资法(b)趋势投资法(c)梯形投资法(d)有效证券组合投资法11.在资产分配法中，____大多用于第一准备资产和第二准备资产。

(a)活期存款(b)定期存款(c)储蓄存款(d)资本金12.英格兰银行的建立标志着资本主义现代银行制度的正式确立，它成立于____。

(a)1836年(b)1694年(c)1764年(d)1894年13.《巴塞尔协议》规定，至1992年底所有从事国际业务的大银行，其资本对风险加权化资产的目标标准比率应为____。

《商业银行管理学》课后习题及题解第一章商业银行管理学导论习题一、判断题1. 《金融服务现代化法案》的核心内容之一就是废除《格拉斯－斯蒂格尔法》。

2. 政府放松金融管制与加强金融监管是相互矛盾的。

3. 商业银行管理的最终目标是追求利润最大化。

4. 在金融市场上，商业银行等金融中介起着类似于中介经纪人的角色。

5. 商业银行具有明显的企业性质，所以常用于企业管理的最优化原理如边际分享原理、投入要素最优组合原理、规模经济原理也适用于商业银行。

6. 金融市场的交易成本和信息不对称决定了商业银行在金融市场中的主体地位。

7. 企业价值最大化是商业银行管理的基本目标。

8. 商业银行管理学研究的主要对象是围绕稀缺资源信用资金的优化配置所展开的各种业务及相关的组织管理问题。

9. 商业银行资金的安全性指的是银行投入的信用资金在不受损失的情况下能如期收回。

二、简答题1. 试述商业银行的性质与功能。

2. 如何理解商业银行管理的目标？3. 现代商业银行经营的特点有哪些？4. 商业银行管理学的研究对象和内容是什么？5. 如何看待“三性”平衡之间的关系？三、论述题1. 论述商业银行的三性目标是什么，如何处理三者之间的关系。

2. 试结合我国实际论述商业银行在金融体系中的作用。

第一章习题参考答案一、判断题1.√2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.×8.√9.√二、略；三、略。

第二章商业银行资本金管理习题一、判断题1. 新巴塞尔资本协议规定，商业银行的核心资本充足率仍为4％。

2. 巴塞尔协议规定，银行附属资本的合计金额不得超过其核心资本的50%。

3. 新巴塞尔资本协议对银行信用风险提供了两种方法：标准法和内部模型法。

4. 资本充足率反映了商业银行抵御风险的能力。

5. 我国国有商业银行目前只能通过财政增资的方式增加资本金。

6. 商业银行计算信用风险加权资产的标准法中的风险权重由监管机关规定。

二、单选题1. 我国《商业银行资本充足率管理办法》规定，计入附属资本的长期次级债务不得超过核心资本的。

商业银行：商业银行是以追求利润最大化为目标，以多种金融负债筹集资金，以多种金融资产为其经营对象，能利用负债进行信用创造，并向客户提供多功能、综合性服务的金融企业。

信用中介：是指商业银行通过负债业务，把社会上各种闲散货币资金集中到银行，通过资产业务，把它投向需要资金的各部门，充当有闲置资金者和资金短缺者之间的中介人，实现资金的融通。

作用：使闲散的货币转化为资本、使闲置资本得到充分利用、续短为长，满足这会对长期资本的需要。

支付中介：是指商业银行利用活期存款账户，为客户办理各种货币结算、货币收付、货币兑换和转移存款等业务活动。

CAMELS：美国联邦储备委员会对商业银行监管的分类检查制度，这类分类检查制度的主要内容是把商业银行接受检查的范围分为六大类：资本（capital）、资产（asset）、管理（management）、收益（earning）、流动性（liquidity）和对市场风险的敏感性（sensitivity）。

分行制：分行制银行是指那些在总行之下，可在本地或外地设有若干分支机构，并可以从事银行业务的商业银行。

这种商业银行的总部一般都设在大都市，下属所有分支行须由总行领导指挥。

优点：第一，有利于银行吸收存款，有利于银行扩大资本总额和经营规模，能取得规模经济效益。

第二，便于银行使用现代化管理手段和设备，提高服务质量，加快资金周转速度。

第三有利于银行调节资金、转移信用、分散和减轻多种风险。

第四，总行家数少，有利于国家控制和管理，其业务经营受地方政府干预小。

第五，由于资金来源广泛，有利于提高银行的竞争实力。

缺点：容易加速垄断的形成；并且由于其规模大，内部层次较多，使银行管理的难度增加等。

流动性：指资产变现的能力，商业银行保持随时能以适当的价格去的可用资金的能力，以便随时应付客户提存以及银行其他支付的需要。

其衡量指标有两个：一是资产变现的成本，二是资产变现的速度。

4.建立商业银行制度的基本原则有哪些？为什么要确立这些原则？答：（一）有利于银行业竞争。

CHAPTER 6MEASURING AND EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS AND THEIR PRINCIPAL COMPETITORSGoal of This Chapter: The purpose of this chapter is to discover what analytical tools can be applied to a bank’s financial statements so that management and the public can identify the most critical problems inside each bank and develop ways to deal with those problemsKey Topics in This Chapter•Stock Values and Profitability Ratios•Measuring Credit, Liquidity, and Other Risks•Measuring Operating Efficiency•Performance of Competing Financial Firms•Size and Location Effects•The UBPR and Comparing PerformanceChapter OutlineI. Introduction:II. Evaluating a Bank's PerformanceA. Determining Long-Range ObjectivesB. Maximizing The Value of the Firm: A Key Objective for Nearly AllFinancial-Service InstitutionsC. Profitability Ratios: A Surrogate for Stock Values1. Key Profitability Ratios2. Interpreting Profitability RatiosD. Useful Profitability Formulas for Banks and Other Financial Service CompaniesE. Breaking Down Equity Returns for Closer AnalysisF. Break-Down Analysis of the Return on AssetsG. What a Breakdown of Profitability Measures Can Tell UsH. Measuring Risk in Banking and Financial Services1. Credit Risk2. Liquidity Risk3. Market Risk4. Interest-Rate Risk5. Operational Risk6. Legal and Compliance Risk7. Reputation Risk8. Strategic Risk9. Capital RiskI. Other Goals in Banking and Financial Services ManagementIII. Performance Indicators among Banking’s Key CompetitorsIV. The Impact of Size on PerformanceA. Size, Location and Regulatory Bias in Analyzing The Performance of Banks andCompeting Financial InstitutionsB. Using Financial Ratios and Other Analytical Tools to Track BankPerformance--The UBPR.V. Summary of the ChapterAppendix to the Chapter - Improving the Performance of Financial Firms Through Knowledge: Sources of Information on the Financial-Services IndustryConcept Checks6-1. Why should banks and other corporate financial firms be concerned about their level of profitability and exposure to risk?Banks in the U.S. and most other countries are private businesses that must attract capital from the public to fund their operations. If profits are inadequate or if risk is excessive, they will have greater difficulty in obtaining capital and their funding costs will grow, eroding profitability. Bank stockholders, depositors, and bank examiners representing the regulatory community are all interested in the quality of bank performance. The stockholders are primarily concerned with profitability as a key factor in determining their total return from holding bank stock, while depositors (especially large corporate depositors) and examiners typically focus on bank risk exposure.6-2. What individuals or groups are likely to be interested in these dimensions of performance for a bank or other financial institution?The individuals or groups likely to be interested in bank profitability and risk include other banks lending to a particular bank, borrowers, large depositors, holders of long-term debt capital issued by banks, bank stockholders, and the regulatory community.6-3. What factors influence the stock price of a financial-services corporation?A bank's stock price is affected by all those factors affecting its profitability and risk exposure, particularly its rate of return on equity capital and risk to shareholder earnings. A bank can raise its stock price by creating an expectation in the minds of investors of greater earnings in the future, by lowering the bank's perceived risk exposure, or by a combination of increases in expected earnings and reduced risk.6-4. Suppose that a bank is expected to pay an annual dividend of $4 per share on its stock in the current period and dividends are expected to grow 5 percent a year every year, and the minimum required return to equity capital based on the bank's perceived level of risk is 10 percent. Can you estimate the current value of the bank's stock?In this constant dividend growth rate problem the current value of the bank's stock would be: P o = D1 / (k – g) = $4 / (0.10 – 0.05) = $80.6-5. What is return on equity capital and what aspect of performance is it supposed to measure? Can you see how this performance measure might be useful to the managers of financial firms? Return on equity capital is the ratio of Net Income/Total Equity Capital. It represents the rate of return earned on the funds invested in the bank by its stockholders. Financial firms have stockholders, too who are interested in the return on the funds that they invested.6-6 Suppose a bank reports that its net income for the current year is $51 million, its assets totally $1,144 million, and its liabilities amount to $926 million. What is its return on equity capital? Is the ROE you have calculated good or bad? What information do you need to answer this last question?The bank's return on equity capital should be:ROE = Net Income = $51 million = .098 or 9.8 percentEquity Capital $1,444 mill.-$926 mill.In order to evaluate the performance of the bank, you have to compare the ROE to the ROE of some major competitors or some industry average.6-7 What is the return on assets (ROA), and why is it important? Might the ROA measure be important to banking’s key competitors?Return on assets is the ratio of Net Income/Total Assets. The rate of return secured on a bank's total assets indicates the efficiency of its management in generating net income from all of the resources (assets) committed to the institution. This would be important to banks and their major competitors.6-8. A bank estimates that its total revenues will amount to $155 million and its total expenses (including taxes) will equal $107 million this year. Its liabilities total $4,960 million while its equity capital amounts to $52 million. What is the bank's return on assets? Is this ROA high or low? How could you find out?The bank's return on assets would be:ROA = Net Income = $155 mill. - $107 mill. = 0.0096 or 0.96 percent Total Assets $4,960 mill. + $52 mill.The size of this bank's ROA should be compared with the ROA's of other banks similar in size and location to determine if this bank's ROA is high or low relative to the average forcomparable banks.6-9. Why do the managers of financial firms often pay close attention today to the net interest margin and noninterest margin? To the earnings spread?The net interest margin (NIM) indicates how successful the bank has been in borrowing funds from the cheapest sources and in maintaining an adequate spread between its returns on loans and security investments and the cost of its borrowed funds. If the NIM rises, loan and security income must be rising or the average cost of funds must be falling or both. A declining NIM is undesirable because the bank's interest spread is being squeezed, usually because of rising interest costs on deposits and other borrowings and because of increased competition today.In contrast, the noninterest margin reflects the banks spread between its noninterest income (such as service fees on deposits) and its noninterest expenses (especially salaries and wages and overhead expenses). For most banks the noninterest margin is negative. Management will usually attempt to expand fee income, while controlling closely the growth of noninterest expenses in order to make a negative noninterest margin less negative.The earnings spread measures the effectiveness of the bank's intermediation function of borrowing and lending money, which, of course, is the bank's primary way of generating earnings. As competition increases, the spread between the average yields on assets and the average cost of liabilities will be squeezed, forcing the bank's management to search for alternative sources of income, such as fees from various services the bank offers.6-10. Suppose a banker tells you that his bank in the year just completed had total interest expenses on all borrowings of $12 million and noninterest expense of $5 million, while interest income from earning assets totaled $16 million and noninterest revenues added to a total of $2 million. Suppose further that assets amounted to $480 million of which earning assets represented 85 percent of total assets, while total interest-bearing liabilities amounted to 75 percent of total assets. See if you can determine this bank's net interest and noninterest margins and its earnings base and earnings spread for the most recent year.The bank's net interest and noninterest margins must be:Net Interest = $16 mill. - $12 mill. Noninterest = $2 mill. - $5 mill.Margin $480 mill. Margin $480 mill.=.00833 = -.00625The bank's earnings spread and earnings base are:Earnings = $16 mill. - $12 mill.Spread $480 mill * 0.85 $480 mill. * 0.75= .0392 =.0333Earnings Base = $480 mill. - $480 mill. * 0.15 = 0.85 or 85 percent$480 mill.6-11. What are the principal components of ROE and what do each of these components measure?The principal components of ROE are:a. The net profit margin or net after-tax income to operating revenues which reflects the effectiveness of a bank's expense control program;b. The degree of asset utilization or ratio of operating revenues to total assets which measures the effectiveness of managing the bank's assets, especially the loan portfolio; and,c. The equity multiplier or ratio of total assets to total equity capital which measures a bank's use of leverage in funding its operations.6-12. Suppose a bank has an ROA of 0.80 percent and an equity multiplier of 12x. What is its ROE? Suppose this bank's ROA falls to 0.60 percent. What size equity multiplier must it have to hold its ROE unchanged?The bank's ROE is:ROE = 0.80 percent *12 = 9.60 percent.If ROA falls to 0.60 percent, the bank's ROE and equity multiplier can be determined from: ROE = 9.60% = 0.60 percent * Equity MultiplierEquity Multiplier = 9.60 percent = 16x.0.60 percent6-13. Suppose a bank reports net income of $12, before-tax net income of $15, operating revenues of $100, assets of $600, and $50 in equity capital. What is the bank's ROE?Tax-management efficiency indicator? Expense control efficiency indicator? Asset management efficiency indicator? Funds management efficiency indicator?The bank's ROE must be: ROE = 50$12$ = 0.24 or 24 percent Its tax-management, expense control, asset management, and funds management efficiency indicators are:Tax Management = $12 Expense Control = $15Efficiency indicator $15 Efficiency Indicator $100= .8 or 80 percent =.15 or 15 percentAsset Management = $100 Funds Management = $600Efficiency Indicator $600 Efficiency Indicator $50= 0.1666 or 16.67 percent = 12 x6-14. What are the most important components of ROA and what aspects of a financial institution’s performance do they reflect?The principal components of ROA are:a. Total Interest Income Less Total Interest Expense divided by Total Assets, measuring a bank's success at intermediating funds between borrowers and lenders;b. Provision for Loan Losses divided by Total Assets which measures management's ability to control loan losses and manage a bank's tax exposure;c. Noninterest Income less Noninterest Expenses divided by Total Assets, which indicates the ability of management to control salaries and wages and other noninterest costs and generate tee income;d. Net Income Before Taxes divided by Total Assets, which measures operating efficiency and expense control; ande. Applicable Taxes divided by Total Assets, which is an index of tax management effectiveness. 6-15. If a bank has a net interest margin of 2.50%, a noninterest margin of -1.85%, and a ratio of provision for loan losses, taxes, security gains, and extraordinary items of -0.47%, what is its ROA?The bank's ROA must be:ROA = 2.50 percent - 1.85 percent - 0.47 percent = 0.18 percent6-16. To what different kinds of risk are banks and their financial-service competitors subjected today?a. Credit Risk -- the probability that loans and securities the bank holds will not pay out as promised.b. Liquidity Risk -- the probability the bank will not have sufficient cash on hand in the volume needed precisely when cash demands arise.c. Market Risk -- the probability that the value of assets held by the bank will decline due to falling market prices.d. Interest-Rate Risk - the possibility or probability interest rates will change, subjecting the bank to lower profits or a lower value for the firm’s capital.e. Operational Risk –the uncertainly regarding a financial firm’s earnings due to failures in computer systems, employee misconduct, floods, lightening strikes and other similar events.f. Legal and Compliance Risk –the uncertainty regarding a financial firm’s earnings due to actions taken by our legal system or due to a violation of rules and regulationsg. Reputation Risk – the uncertainty due to public opinion or the variability in earnings due to positive or negative publicity about the financial firmh. Strategic Risk – the uncertainty in earnings due to adverse business decisions, lack or responsiveness to changes and other poor decisions by managementi. Capital Risk – the risk that the value of the assets will decline below the value of the liabilities. All of the other risks listed above can affect earnings and the value of the assets and liabilities and therefore can have an effect on the capital position of the firm.6-17. What items on a bank's balance sheet and income statement can be used to measure its risk exposure? To what other financial institutions do these risk measures apply?There are several alternative measures of risk in banking and financial service firms. Capital risk is often measured by bank capital ratios, such as the ratio of total capital to total assets or total capital to risk assets. Credit risk can be tracked by such ratios as net loan losses to total loans or relative to total capital. Liquidity risk can be followed by using such ratios as cash assets to total assets or by total loans to total assets. Interest-rate risk may be indicated by such ratios as interest-sensitive liabilities to interest-sensitive assets or the ratio of money-market borrowings to money-market assets.6-18. A bank reports that the total amount of its net loans and leases outstanding is $936 million,its assets total $1,324 million, its equity capital amounts to $110 million, and it holds $1,150 million in deposits, all expressed in book value. The estimated market values of the bank's total assets and equity capital are $1,443 million and $130 million, respectively. The bank's stock is currently valued at $60 per share with annual per-share earnings of $2.50. Uninsured deposits amount to $243 million and money market borrowings total $132 million, while nonperforming loans currently amount to $43 million and the bank just charged off $21 million in loans. Calculateas many of the bank's risk measures as you can from the foregoing data.Net Loans and Leases = $936 mill. Uninsured Deposits $243 mill.Total Assets $1,324 mill. Total Deposits $1,150 mill.0.7069 or 70.69 percent 0.2113 or 21.13 percentEquity Capital = $130 mill. Stock Price $60Total Assets $1,443 mill. Earnings Per Share $2.50 = 0.0901 or 9.01 percent = 24 XNonperforming Assets = $43 mill. =0.0459 or 4.59 percentNet Loans and Leases $936 mill.Charge-offs of loans = $21 Purchased Funds = $243 mill. + $132 mill. Total Loans and Leases $936 Total Liabilities $1,324 mill. - $110 mill.=.0224 or 2.24 percent .3089 or 30.89 percentBook Value of Assets = $1324 =0.9175 or 91.75 percentMarket Value of Assets $1443Problems6-1. An investor holds the stock of First National Bank of Imoh and expects to receive a dividend of $12 per share at the end of the year. Stock analysts have recently predicted that the bank’s dividends will grow at approximately 3 percent a yea r indefinitely into the future. If this is true, and if the appropriate risk-adjusted cost of capital (discount rate) for the bank is 15 percent, what should be the current stock price per share of Imoh’s stock?6-2. Suppose that stockbrokers have projected that Poquoson Bank and Trust Company will pay a dividend of $3 per share on its common stock at the end of the year; a dividend of $4.50 per share is expected for the next year and $6 per share in the following year. The risk-adjusted cost of capital for banks in Poquoson’s risk class is 17 percent. If an investor holding Poquoson’s stock plans to hold that stock for only three years and hopes to sell it at a price of $55 per share, what should the value of the bank’s stock be in today’s market?P0 = $43.94 per share.6-3 Depositors Savings Association has a ratio of equity capital to total assets of 7.5 percent. In contrast, Newton Savings reports an equity capital to asset ratio of 6 percent. What is the value of the equity multiplier for each of these institutions? Suppose that both institutions have an ROA of 0.85 percent. What must each institution’s return on equity capital be? What do your calculations tell you about the benefits of having as little equity capital as regulations or the marketplace will allow?Depositors Savings Association has an equity-to-asset ratio of 7.5 percent which means its equity multiplier must be:= 1 / 0.075 = 13.33x1/ (Equity Capital / Assets) = AssetsEquityCapitalIn contrast, Newton Savings has an equity multiplier of:= 16.67x1/ (Equity Capital / Assets) = 10.06With an ROA of 0.85 percent Depositors Savings Association would have an ROE of: ROE = 0.85 x 13.33x = 11.33 percent.With an ROA of .85 percent Newton Savings would have an ROE of:ROE = 0.85 x 16.67x = 14.17 percentIn this case Newton Savings is making greater use of financial leverage and is generating a higher return on equity capital.6-4. The latest report of condition and income and expense statement for Galloping Merchants National Bank are as shown in the following tables:Galloping Merchants National BankInterest Fees on Loans $65Interest Dividends on Securities 12Total Interest Income 77Interest Paid on Deposits 49Interest on Nondeposit Borrowings 6Total Interest Expense 55Net Interest Income 22Provision for Loan Losses 2Noninterest Income and Fees 7Noninterest Expenses:Salaries and Employee Benefits 12Overhead Expenses 5Other Noninterest Expenses 3Total Noninterest Expenses 20Net Noninterest Income -13Pre Tax Operating Income 7Securities Gains (or Losses) 1Pre Tax Net Operating Income 8Taxes 1Net Operating Income 7Net Extraordinary Income -1Net Income $6FTE 40Galloping Merchants National BankReport of ConditionCash and Due From Banks $100 Demand Deposits $190Investment Securities $150 Savings Deposts $180Federal Funds Sold $10 Time Deposits $470Net Loans $670 Federal Funds Purch $69(ALL 25) Total Liabilities $900(Unearned Income 5) Common Stock $20Plant and Equipment $50 Surplus $25Retained Earnings $35Total Assets $980 Total Ca $80Total Earnings Assets $830 Interest BearingDeposits $650Fill in the missing items on the income and expense statement. Using these statements, calculate the following performance measures:6-5. The following information is for Shallow National BankInterest Income $2,100Interest Expense $1,400Total Assets $30,000Securities Gains (losses) $21Earning Assets $25,000Total Liabilities $27,000Taxes Paid $16Shares of Common Stock 5,000Noninterest income $700Noninterest Expense $900Provision for LoanLosses $100ROE = $405 ROA = $405$30,000 -$27,000$30,0000.135 or 13.5 percent 0.0135 or 1.35percentEarnings = $405 = $.081 per sharePer Share 5000Net Interest = $2100 -$1400 = $700 = 0.028 or 2.8percentMargin $25,000 $25,000Net Noninterest = $700 -$900= -$200 = 0.008or .8 percent Margin $25,000 $25,000Net Operating = ($2100 + $700) – ($1,400 + $900+ $100) = $400 =0.0133or 1.33percentMargin $30,000 $30,000Suppose interest income, interest expenses, noninterest income, and noninterest expenses each increase by 5 percent, with all other items remaining unchanged.Interest Income $2,205Interest Expense $1,470Total Assets $30,000Securities Gains (losses) $21Earning Assets $25,000Total Liabilities $27,000Taxes Paid $16Shares of Common Stock 5,000Noninterest income $735Noninterest Expense $945Provision for LoanLosses $100ROE = $430 ROA = $430$30,000 -$27,000$30,0000.1433 or 14.33 percent 0.0143 or 1.43percentEarnings = $430 = $.086 per sharePer Share 5000Net Interest = $2205 -$1470 = $735 = 0.0294 or 2.94percentMargin $25,000 $25,000Net Noninterest = $735 -$945 = -$210 = 0.0084 or .84percentMargin $25,000 $25,000Net Operating = ($2205 + $735) – ($1,470 + $945+ $100) = $425 =0.0142or 1.42percentMargin $30,000 $30,000On the other hand, suppose Shallow’s interest income, interest expenses, noninterest income, and noninterest expenses decline by 5 percent, again with all other factors held equal. How would the bank’s ROE, ROA and per share earnings change?Interest Income $1995Interest Expense $1,330Total Assets $30,000Securities Gains (losses) $21Earning Assets $25,000Total Liabnilities $27,000Taxes Paid $16Shares of Common Stock 5,000Noninterest income $665Noninterest Expense $855Provision for LoanLosses $100ROE = $380 ROA = $380$30,000 -$27,000$30,0000.1267 or 12.67 percent 0.0127 or 1.27percentEarnings = $380 = $.076 per sharePer Share 5000Net Interest = $1995 -$1330 = $665 = 0.0266 or 2.66percentMargin $25,000 $25,000Net Noninterest = $665 -$855 = -$190 = 0.0076 or .76percentMargin $25,000 $25,000Net Operating = ($1995 + $665) – ($1,330 + $855+ $100) = $375 =0.0125or 1.25percentMargin $30,000 $30,0006-6. Blue and White National Bank holds total assets of $1.69 billion and equity capital of $139 million and has just posted an ROA of 1.1 percent. What is this bank’s ROE?:ROE = ROA * Total AssetsEquity Capital = 0.011 * $1,690$139= 0.1337 or 13.37%R0A increases by 50%, with no change in assets or equity capital.Therefore, the new ROA = 0.011 * 1.5 = 0.0165 or 1.65%.New ROE = 1.65% * 12.16 = 20.06%This represents a 50% increase in ROE. With no changes in assets or equity, the investors' funds are more effectively utilized, generating additional income and making the bank more profitable. Alternative Scenario 2:ROA decreases by 50%, with no change in equity or assets.Therefore, the new ROA = 0.011 * 0.5 = 0.0055 or 0.55%.New ROE = 0.55% * 12.16 = 6.69%This represents a 50% decrease in ROE. The bank's management has been less efficient, in this case, in managing their lending and/or investing functions or their operating costs.Alternative Scenario 3:ROA = 0.011 or 1.1% (as in the original problem)Total assets double in size to $3.38 billion and equity capital doubles in size to $278 million. Therefore, the equity multiplier (i.e. total assets/equity capital) remains the same (E.M. =$3,380/$278 = 12.16). As a result, there is no change in ROE from the original situation (i.e.), 1.1% * 12.16 = 13.38%).Alternative Scenario 4:This, of course, is just the reverse of scenario 3. Since the changes in both assets and equity capital are the same, the ratio of the two (i.e., the equity multiplier) remains constant. As a result, there is again no change in ROE.E.M. = Total Assets/Equity Capital = $845/$69.5 = 12.16.Therefore, ROE = 1.1% * 12.16 = 13.38%.6-7. Monarch State Bank reports total operating revenues of $135 million, with total operating expenses of $121 million, and owes taxes of $2 million. It has total assets of $1.00 billion and total liabilities of $900 million and has just posed an ROA of 1.1o percent. What is the bank’s ROE? Net Income after Taxes = $135 million -$121 million -$2 million = $12 millionEquity Capital = $1.00 billion - $900 million = $100 million= $12 million / $100 million = 0.12 or 12%.ROE = Net Income after TaxesEquity CapitalAlternative Scenario 1: How will the ROE for Monarch State Bank change if total operating expenses, taxes and total operating revenues each grow by 10 percent while assets and liabilities stay fixed.Total revenues = $135 million * 1.10 = $148.5 millionTotal expenses = $121 million * 1.10 = $133.1 millionTax liability = $2 million * 1.10 = $2.2 millionNet Income after Taxes = $148.5 - $133.1 - $2.2 = $13.2 millionROE = $13.2 million/$100 million = 0.132 or 13.2%Change in ROE = (13.2%-12%)/12% = 10%Alternative Scenario 2: Suppose Monarch State’s total assets and total liabilities increase by 10 percent, but its revenues and expenses (including taxes) are unchanged. How will the bank’s ROE change?Total assets increase by 10% (Total assets = $ 1.0 * 1.10 = $1.1 billion)Total liabilities increase by 10% (Total liabilities = $900 million * 1.10 = $990Revenues and expenses (including taxes) remain unchanged.Solution: Equity Capital = $1.1 billion - $990 million = $110 millionROE = $12 = .1091$110 10.91 percent= 10.91% - 12% = -1.09% = -.0908% Therefore change inROE12% 12% (ROE decreases by9.08%)Alternative Scenario 3: Can you determine what will happen to ROE if both operating revenues and expenses (including taxes) decline by 10 percent, with the bank’s total assets and liabilities held constant?Total revenues decline by 10% (Total revenues = $135 million * 0.90 = $121.5 million)Total expenses decline by 10% (Total expenses = $121 million * 0.9 = $108.9 million)Tax liability declines by 10% (Tax liability = $2 * 0.9 = $1.8 million)Assets and liabilities remain unchanged (Therefore, equity remains unchanged)Solution: Net Income after Tax = $121.5 million - 108.9 million - $1.8 million = $10.8 ROE = $10.8 million = 0.108 = 10.8%$100 millionTherefore change in ROE = 10.8% - 12% = -1.2% = -.1012% 12% (ROE decreases by 10%) Alternative Scenario 4: What does ROE become if Monarch State’s assets and liabilities decreaseby 10 percent, while its operating revenues, taxes and operating expenses do not change?Total assets = $1.0 billion * 0.9 = $900 millionTotal liabilities = $900 million * 0.9 =$810 millionEquity capital = $900 million - $810 million = $90 millionROE = $12 = .1333$90 13.33 percent6-8. Suppose a stockholder owned thrift institution is projected to achieve a 1.25 percent ROA during the coming year. What must its ratio of total assets to total equity capital be if it is to achieveits target ROE of 12 percent? If ROA unexpectedly falls to .75 percent, what assets-to-capital ratio must it then have to reach a 12 percent ROE?ROE = ROA * (Total Assets/Equity Capital)Total Assets = ROE = 12% = 9.6 xEquity Capital ROA 1.25%If ROA unexpectedly falls to 0.75% and target ROE remains 12%:12% = .75% * Total AssetsEquity CapitalTotal Assets = 12% =16 xEquity Capital .75%。

Chapter 5The Financial Statements of Banks and Their Principal CompetitorsFill in the Blank Questions1. Fed funds purchased is an example of _______________________ along with Eurodollarborrowings.Answer: nondeposit borrowings2. The short term securities of the bank, including T-Bills(国库券) and commercial paper, are oftencalled __________________________ because they are the second line of defense to meetdemands for cash.满足现金需要的第一道防线Answer: secondary reserves3. __________________________ is a noncash expense on the bank's income statement whichallows the bank to account for future bad loans.Answer: Provision for loan losses 贷款损失预提4. __________________________ is the difference between interest income and interest expensesfor a financial institution.Answer: Net interest income5. A(n)__________________________ is a short term collateralized loan短期担保贷款. Thecollateral that is used generally consists of T-Bills. 国库券Answer: repurchase agreement6. The principal types of__________________________ include fee income, income from fiduciaryactivities and services charges on deposits.Answer: noninterest incomeTrue/False QuestionsT F 1. On a bank's income statement (Report of Income) deposit costs are financial inputs.Answer: TrueT F 2. Securities income is a financial output listed on a financial institution's Report of Condition.Answer: FalseT F 3. Net loans on a bank's balance sheet are derived by deducting the allowance for loan losses and unearned discounts from gross loans. 银行资产负债表的贷款净额是从贷款总额减去贷款损失准备和未实现的贴现息Answer: TrueT F 4. Most banks report securities gains as a component of their total noninterest income.Answer: FalseT F 5. Recoveries on loans previously charged off are added to the Provision for Loan Losses (PLL) account on a bank's income statement.已注销贷款的收回应记入银行利润表的贷款损失预提账户Answer: FalseT F 6. Loan-loss reserves set aside to cover a particular loan or loans expected to be a problem or present the bank with above-average risk are known as specific reserves.特种准备Answer: TrueT F 7. Off-balance-sheet items 表外项目for a bank are fee generating transactions which are not recorded on their balance sheet.Answer: TrueT F 8. In looking at comparative balance sheets, it can be seen that large banks rely more heavily on nondeposit borrowings while small banks rely more heavily on deposits.Answer: TrueT F 9. Off-balance-sheet items for banks have declined in recent years.Answer: FalseT F 10. Except for banks, Savings & Loans 储蓄贷款协会and Savings Banks hold the most deposits.Answer: TrueMultiple Choice Questions1.Bank assets fall into each of the following categories except:A)Loans.B)Investment securities.C)Demand deposits.活期存款D)Noninterest cash and due from banks.现金和同业存款E)Other assets.Answer: C2.Which of the following adjustments are made to gross loans and leases to obtain net loans andleases?A)The loan and lease loss allowance is subtracted from gross loans 贷款租赁损失准备从贷款总额中扣除B)Unearned income is subtracted from gross interest receivedC)Investment income is added to gross interest receivedD) A and B.E) A. and C.Answer: D3.An example of a contra-asset account is: 一个与资产相反的账户是A)The loan and lease loss allowance. 贷款损失准备B)Unearned income.C)Buildings and equipment.D)Revenue bonds.E)The provision for loan loss.贷款损失预提Answer: A4. A financial institution's bad-debt reserve坏账准备, as reported on its balance sheet, is called:A) Unearned income or discountB) Allowance for possible loan lossesC) Intangible assets 无形资产D) Customer liability on acceptances 客户承兑负债E) None of the aboveAnswer: B5. When a bank serves as a security dealer for certain kinds of securities (mainly federal, state, and local government obligations) the value of these securities is usually recorded in what account on a bank's Report of Condition?A) Investment SecuritiesB) Taxable and Tax-Exempt Securities 免税债券C) Trading Account SecuritiesD) Secondary ReservesE) None of the aboveAnswer: C6. The difference between noninterest income and noninterest expenses on a bank's Report of Income is called:A) Net Profit MarginB) Net Interest IncomeC) Net Income After Provision for Possible Loan LossesD) Income or Loss Before Income TaxesE) Net Noninterest IncomeAnswer: E9. Noninterest revenue sources for a bank are called:A) Commitment fees on loans 贷款承诺费B) Fee income 手续费收入C) Supplemental income 补充收入D) Noninterest margin 非利息收入E) None of the above.Answer: B10. A bank's temporary lending of excess reserves to other banks is labeled on the balance sheet as:A) Fed Funds PurchasedB) Fed Funds SoldC) Money Market DepositsD) Securities Purchased for Resale 逆回购E) None of the aboveAnswer: B15． Which of the following accounts is sometimes called the bank's primary reserves?第一准备A) Cash and deposits due from bank 现金和同业存款B) Investment securitiesC) Trading account securitiesD) Fed funds soldE) None of the aboveAnswer: A16. Which of the following assets is the largest asset item on the bank's balance sheet?A) SecuritiesB) CashC) LoansD) Bank Premises 银行固定资产E) None of the aboveAnswer: C\。