高中英语必修四unit1-grammar主谓一致

*如强调具体数目，则用复数。
One hundred cents make a dollar. More than fifty years have passed since they got married.
意义一致 7
• “the + 形容词/分词” 表示一类人，谓语用 复数, eg. the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the disabled, the sick
2. A woman with a baby in her arms ___A__ waiting
for the bus in the rain.
A．was B．were C．has D．have
3. E-mail, as well as the telephones, __A___ an
意义一致→
谓语动词的单复数取决于 主语所表达的概念，而不
取决于表面的语法标志
意义一致 1
•集合名词(family,team group,crowd public,government,band, company...) •若强调整体，谓语动词用单数 •若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数 e.g. The group is (be) made up of nine students. The group are (be ) dancing happily.
你或他有一人要受责备。
2. ___ you or he to blame?
受责备的是你还是他？
A．is，Is
B．are，Are
C．is，Are D． are，Is
答案：C，就近一致
谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?
• We Chinese ____ a hard-working
people．
A．is
hWashennoatndbweehnere we will have a picnic _______ _ (be not) decided yet.
语法一致 5
*当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。
e.g. What you need are these dictionaries.
语法一致 7
➢a (large/ small/ vast)quantity of 或Large quantities of 谓语由quantity的形式 决定 e.g. A large quantity of oil was put into the soup. A large quantity of apples was in the basket.
Nothing in the box is mine.
Someone wants to see you.
语法一致 3
•none 和 neither 作主语时，谓语可用 单数也可用复数，但如果修饰的是不可 数名词只用单数
e.g. None of us is/ are perfect.(人无完人)
None of the information has been received.
语法一致 5
•不定式（短语），动名词（短语），从 句作主语时，谓语用单数
e.g. To read English aloud every morning _d_o_e_s (do) you a lot of good. Serving the people __is__ (be) my great happiness.
• The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
但如果指事物或抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数. The new is sure to replace the old.
• Neither the students nor the teacher _k__n_o_w_s (know) what happened.
• There __is__ (be) an apple, two bananas, five oranges in the basket.
就近原则→
指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最 近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词
就近原则 1
就近原则 2
并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致 ？
1. You or he ___ to blame.
意义一致 3
physics, politics, mathematics等一些以 “-ics”结尾的词，指学科时属单数，谓语 动词用单数。
Physics is not difficult to learn. Mathematics is a subject studied in nearly every
school. • 注：若指某学科能力，成绩，应用等或非
学科含义时被看作复数，谓语常用复数。
My mathematics are week. What are your politics? 政治信仰/见解
意义一致 4
主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词 some, all, more, most, any, none等以及名词 half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可 表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词 而定。
Large quantities of oil were put into the soup. Large quantities of apples were in the basket.
语法一致 8
•trousers, pants(裤子), shoes, glasses, gloves, stockings, scissors(剪刀)等词作主 语时谓语用复数，但如果名词前有 a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数 e.g. My glasses are broken. The scissors are sharp. The pair of shoes under the bed is mine.
意义一致 6
意义一致 6
表示时间，金钱，距离，重量等复数名词作 主语时，被看作整体时谓语用单数
Sixty years is a long time. Ten dollars is enough for him. Three thousand miles is a long distance. Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried.
）
War and peace is often people’s topic.（战争与和平
）
1. and
3. 并列名词前有no…and (no)…; every…and (every)…; each and (each)修饰时，谓语一 般用单数
e.g. Every man and (every) woman _h_a_s_ (have) the
意义一致 2
• 单复数同形的名词deer, sheep, fish, series系列, species物种, means手段, works工厂, aircraft飞行器…做主语时，视 其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。
e.g.A new means has been used . Many means have not come into effect.
same rights.
语法一致 2
主语+with (together with/ along with), as well as, like, not, but, except, including, rather than, other than, besides, in addition to … 结构中，谓语与前 面主语一致 e.g. I, as well as they, __a_m__ (be) ready to help
speech tonight in our school.
2. 两个主语表达同一人、同一物、同一概念 e.g. The writer and translator is delivering a speech
tonight in our school. One more fork and knife is on the table.（一副刀叉
Eg: Which is more valuable, health or wealth? Which are prettier, these or those? We had some paper, and the rest was put back.
意义一致 4
意义一致 5
the number of（...的数量）, the variety of(种类)用单数谓语， a number of（许多，大量）, a variety of（各种各 样的...)用复数谓语 1. The number of traffic accidents _h_a_s_ (have) increased.
谓语动词要与其相呼应。
The boy ___is__ diving. The boys __ar_e__ diving.
1. and
1. 两个主语表达不同人、物、概念 e.g.Time and tide wait for no man. (岁月不饶人) The writer and the translator are delivering a
语法一致 4
more than one…; many a…修饰名词，复数 含义，但是谓语用单数
e.g. Many a student __is__ (be) in the classroom. More than one mother __r_e_c_e_i_v_es (receive) the
flowers.
you. The students along with the teacher _a_r_e_ (be)
required the meeting. Nobody but Jim and Tom _w_a_s_ (be) on the
playground at that time.
语法一致 3
every one, everybody, everything, anyone, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, some one, somebody, something (none,neither除外)等不定代词及each, the other作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
B．are
C．is being
D．are being
此题应选B。主谓一致（即谓语与主语保 持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语 与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是 一个勤劳的民族。
Exercise and Rules
1. The teacher with two students __w_a_s_ at the meeting . (was / were)
语Hale Waihona Puke Baidu一致 6
•由kind（form，type，sort，species， portion，series）of 等修饰的主语，谓语由 这些词决定 e.g. This kind of apples _s_e_ll_s (sell) well.
A series of plays _is___ (be) to be on show next week.
高中英语必修四unit1-grammar主谓一致
• 主谓一致是指句子的谓__语__动__词__与 _主__语__在_人__称__和_数___上必须保持一 致
Subject---Verb Agreement • 主谓一致的三个原则:
1. 语法一致 2. 意义一致 3. 就近原则
语法一致→
主语为单数或复数时，其
2. A number of children _li_k_e_ (like) this song.
3. There are a variety of toys on sale in that shop.
4. The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.