期末复习题4

组合逻辑电路习题一、填空、选择1、8 线—3线优先编码器74LS148 的优先编码顺序是I7 、I6 、I5 、…、I0 ，输出A2 A1 A0 。

输入输出均为低电平有效。

当输入I7 I6 I5 …I0 为11010101时，输出A2 A1 A0为 。

2、3 线—8 线译码器74LS138 处于译码状态时，当输入A 2A 1A 0=001 时，输出Y 7～Y 0 = 。

3、组合逻辑电路任何时刻的输出信号，与该时刻的输入信号 ，与电路以前的状态 。

4、在组合逻辑电路中，由于门电路的延时，当输入信号状态改变时，输出端可能出现虚假过渡干扰脉冲的现象称为 。

5、一位数值比较器，输入信号为两个要比较的一位二进制数A 、B ，输出信号为比较结果：Y(A ＞B)、Y(A ＝B)和Y(A ＜B)，则Y(A ＞B)的逻辑表达式为 。

6、下列电路中，不属于组合逻辑电路的是。

（A ）译码器 （B ）全加器 （C ）寄存器 （D ）编码器 7、在二进制译码器中，若输入有4位代码，则输出有 个信号。

（A ）2 （B ）4 （C ）8 （D ）16 二、分析题4.1写出图所示电路的逻辑表达式，并说明电路实现哪种逻辑门的功能。

习题4.1图4.2分析图所示电路，写出输出函数F 。

习题4.2图4.3已知图示电路及输入A 、B 的波形，试画出相应的输出波形F ，不计门的延迟．B A =1 =1 =1F习题4.3图4.4由与非门构成的某表决电路如图所示。

其中A 、B 、C 、D 表示4个人，L=1时表示决议通过。

（1） 试分析电路，说明决议通过的情况有几种。

（2） 分析A 、B 、C 、D 四个人中，谁的权利最大。

4.5分析图所示逻辑电路，已知S 1﹑S 0为功能控制输入，A ﹑B 为输入信号，L 为输出，求电路所具有的功能。

习题4.5图4.6试分析图所示电路的逻辑功能。

习题4.6图4.7已知某组合电路的输入A 、B 、C 和输出F 的波形如下图所示，试写出F 的最简与或表达式。

《卫生法律制度与监督学》期末复习题及答案一．选择题1. 下面有关卫生监督程序的说法错误的是：CE) p lllA. 卫生监督程序有卫生法律规范所规定B. 制定法典式的卫生监督程序法，对监督行为做一般性规定C. 卫生监督是卫生监督主体行使职权并针对相对人的具体、直接的活动D. 卫生监督程序可以缓解和平衡卫生行政管理法律关系主体双方的矛盾E. 卫生监督程序的基本功能包括平衡功能、监督功能、保障功能及执行功能2. 行政程序包含了哪些要素构成的行为过程?CE) PlllA.形式B.方法C.步骤D.顺序E.以上都是3. 关于卫生监督程序的特征，正确的是(A)p lllA. 法定性、有序性、制约性B. 法定性、有序性、行政性C. 法定性、有序性、技术性D.有序性、制约性、行政性E. 有序性、制约性、技术性4. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的公开原则的是?(B) P112A.告知程序B.辩论程序C.说明理由程序D.咨询程序5. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的基本原则的是?(D) P112A.程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.以事实为依据的原则6. 卫生执法人员在作出与自己有利害关系的具体行政行为时应主动回避属于卫生监督程序的？CA) P112A.程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.效率原则7. 程序公正原则不包括(A) P112A.参与程序B.回避程序、调查程序C. 合议程序D. 辩论程序8. 卫生执法人员在做出与自己利害关系的具体行政行为时应主动回避，体现了卫生监督程序的哪项原则(C)P112A、公开原则B、相对人参与原则C、程序公正原则D、效率原则9. 下列哪项不是卫生监督程序的基本原则?(D) P112A. 程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.平衡原则10. 卫生监督程序的基本功能，下列哪项是正确的(A)Pl13A、平衡功能、监督功能、保障功能B、调节功能、监督功能、保障功能C、平衡功能、督查功能、保障功能D、调节功能、监督功能、保证功能11. 卫生监督机构能够防止卫生监督员的哪些行为(E)Pl13A失职B越权C滥用职权D违法 E.ABC12. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的基本功能的是?(D) P113A. 平衡功能B. 监督功能C. 保障功能D. 教育功能13. 申请材料不齐全或者不符合法定形式的，应当场或者在一一一一一一一一日内出具申请材料补正通知书？(B) P114A. 3B.5C.7D. 1514. 下列哪项不是卫生行政许可的步骤和过程CE)pll4A申请B审查C听证D决定E提取15. 卫生行政许可申请材料更正，需要(E天内出具申请材料补正通知书。

选择题：1.The conflict and confusion of the last decade have already .A.caught us off guardB.made no differenceC.taken a tollD.bided our time2. Some diseases are ______ by certain water animals.A.transportedB.transmittedC.transformedD.transplanted3.Life is interesting to people who themselves to new ideas.A.presentB.exposeC.exhbitD.explain4.Hunderds of people were homeless by the earthquake.A.renderedB.exiledC.instructedD.explain5.Radar is used to extend the of man’s senses for observing his environment, especially the sense of vision.A.validityB.liabilityC.capabilityD.intensity6. Although Uncle John was sick, he was enough to hear and see everything around him.A. tiringB. carelessC. alertD. attentive7.Beware of the man around you who fame and wealth.A.go afterB.follow upC.seek forD.desire of8. She misinterpreted the of his letter and this misunderstood his intentions .A.declarationsB.implicationsC.suggestionsD.meanings9.The platform bridge over the railroad tracks danger in crossing them.A.preventedB.avoidedC.reducedD.eliminated10. There was a three-car on the motorway, causing 3 death and 7 wounded.A.colisionB.incidentC.accidentD.crash11.They the study a nursery when the baby was born.a.exchanged … for B.changed … to C.converted … into D.built… into12.She is a very secretary;she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.A.anxiousB.effcetiveC.adequateD.efficient13.This university of the world fame had applications from nearly 200 students.A.balancedB.posiedC.wellD.prosoective14.It’s very interesting to the history of the 19th century its literature.A.apply topare toC.correlate withD.relate to15.Their wedding date is though it has been discussed for a long time.A.in their handsB.out of questionC.in the airD.out of position16.Water is into steam if it is boiled.A.convertedB.conveyedC.transformedD.reformed17.She once again went through her term paper carefully to all grammatical mistakes from it.A.withdraw B,diminish C.abandon D.eliminate18.Student will be criticized or punished if their behavior is not in with school regulations.A.accordanceB.instinctC.trifleD.stroke19. Many multinational companies went during the financial crisis, not to speak of small businesses.A.transparentB.brokeC.currentD.candid20. The law parents to send their children to school.A. urgedB. compelledC. obligedD. forced21. It's surprising that this innocent-looking person should have such a crime.A. performedB. doneC. actedD. committed22. Last night his house was broken in, ,nothing valuable was stolen.A. oddly enoughB. all in allC. in a wayD. on the whole23. He spent much of his lifetime studying the disease of cattle, chickens and other () animals.A. domesticB. wildC. tamedD. fierce24. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country but halfway in her speech she suddenly to another subjects.mittedB.switchedC.favoredD.transmitted25.After four years in the same job,his passion finally .A.deteroprayrdB.soppedC.dissipatedD.drained26. We tried to the enemy by swimming along the river and hiding.A. bewilderB. defeatC. ruinD. disillusion27.The chairperson was very angry when the executive commi« ee members late for the meetings.A. turned inB. turned upC.turned outD. turned over28.One of my brother’s faults is that he never anything very long.A.decides onB.sticks toC.goes overD.makes up29.The computer has brought about surprising technological changes we organize and produce information.A.in a wayB.in the wayC.in that wayD.in no way30.Many difficulties have as a result of the changeover to new type of fuel.A.risenB.ariesnC.raisedD.arrived阅读：1.How do people often measure progress in agriculture?A．By its impact on the environment B．By its contribution to economic growth C．By its productivity D．By its sustainability2.Specialization and the effort to increase yields have resulted in . A．Localized pollution B．The shrinking of farmlandC．the decrease of biodiversity D．competition from overseas3.What does the author think of traditional farming practices?A．They are not necessarily sustainable B．They have not kept pace with population growthC．They have remained the same over the centuries D．They are environmentally friendly4.What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?A．It will abandon traditional farming practices B．It will mainly keep traditional farmingC．It will go through complete changes D．It will cause zero damage to the environment5.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development.B．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is.C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress.D．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production.6. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?A) They were of inferior races.B) They were a Source of political corruption.C) They were a threat to the nation’s security.D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.7. What does the author think of the new immigrants?A) They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B) They can do just as well as their predecessors.C) They will be very disappointed on the new land.D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.8. What does Edward Telles’research say about Mexican-Americans?A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation.B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C) They will melt into the African-American community.D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving.9. What should be done to help the new immigrants?A) Rid them of their inferiority complex.B) Urge them to adopt American customs.C) Prevent them from being marginalized.D) Teach them standard American English.10. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is_______.A) How to deal with people entering the U.S. without documentsB) How to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC) How to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the borderD) How to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.11. We can learn from the first paragraph that _________.A) human activities have changed the way turtles surviveB) efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying outC) government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles' extinctionD) marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles' reproduction12. What does the author mean by "Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness" (Line 1, Para. 2)?A) Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles.B) Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities.C) The course of nature will not be changed by human interference.D) The turtle population has decreased in spite of human protection.13. What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin?A) Their inadequate food supply.B) Unregulated commercial fishing.C) Their lower reproductive ability.D) Contamination of sea water.14. How does global warming affect the survival of turtles?A) It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.B) The changing climate makes it difficult for their eggs to hatch.C) The rising sea levels make it harder for their hatchlings to grow.D) It takes them longer to adapt to the high beach temperature.15. The last sentence of the passage is meant to _________.A) persuade human beings to show more affection for turtlesB) stress that even the most ugly species should be protectedC) call for effective measures to ensure sea turtles' survivalD) warn our descendants about the extinction of species16. What does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?A) Heavy metals in lab tests threaten children’s health in Berkeley.B) Berkeley residents are quite contented with their surroundings.C) The air quality around Berkeley’s school campuses is poor.D) Parents in Berkeley are over-sensitive to cancer risks their kids face.17. What re sponse did USA Today’s report draw?A) A heated debate.B) Popular support.C) Widespread panic.D) Strong criticism.18. How did parents feel in the face of the experts’ studies?A) They felt very much relieved.B) They were frightened by the evidence.C) They didn’t know who to believe.D) They weren’t convinced of the results.19. What is the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics?A) It is important to quantify various concrete hazards.B) Daily accidents pose a more serious threat to children.C) Parents should be aware of children’s health hazards.D) Attention should be paid to toxic chemical exposure.20. Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fear from __________.A) the uncertainB) the quantifiableC) an earthquakeD) unhealthy food21. The author’s chief concern about the current U.S. health care system is __________.A) the inadequate training of physiciansB) the declining number of doctorsC) the shrinking primary care resourcesD) the ever-rising health care costs22. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that __________.A) the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cureB) seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errorsC) visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures good healthD) the more doctors taking care of a patient, the better23. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primary care physicians have to __________ .A) increase their income by working overtimeB) improve their expertise and serviceC) make various deals with specialistsD) see more patients at the expense of quality24. Why do many new medical graduates refuse to choose primary care as their career?A) They find the need for primary care declining.B) The current system works against primary care.C) Primary care physicians command less respect.D) They think working in emergency rooms tedious.25. What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care?A) Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians.B) Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.C) Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.D) Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.26.According to the first paragraph, the chances in the business environment in the past decades can be attributed to __________.A) technological advancesB) the fierce competition in industryC) the globalization of economyD) worldwide economic disorder27. what idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph ?A) The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surpriseB) Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactionsC) The way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information technology.D) The Internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have penetrated every corner of the world.28. If a business wants to thrive in the Post-Industrial economy,__________A) it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distributionB) it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s marketC) it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable peopleD) it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market29. In the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which _________A) may destroy the potential of a company to make any profitB) can eliminate an entire business segmentC) demand a radical change in providing servicesD) call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business30. With the fragmentation of consumer and business markets ______________A) manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the marketB) it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old wayC) an increasing number of companies have disintegratedD) businesses have to meet individual customers’specific needs in order to succeed .31. What is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?A) Support from the votes.B) The reduction of public expenditure.C) Quick economics returns.D) The budget for a research project.32. Scientist have to adapt their research to 'economic needs' in order to _______ .A) impress the public with their achievementsB) pursue knowledge for knowledge's sakeC) obtain funding from the governmentD) translate knowledge into wealth33. Why won't scientists complain about the government's policy concerning scientific research?A) They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.B) They are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.C) They know it takes patience to win support from the public.D) They think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.34. According to the author, people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because ___________ .A) their pronouncements often turn out to be wrongB) sometimes they hide the source of their research fundingC) some of them do not give priority to intellectual honestyD) they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned35. Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?A) It makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds.B) People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.C) It may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.D) Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.36. What is the essence of the American Dream according to Crevecoeur?A) People are free to develop their power of imagination.B) People who are honest and work hard can succeed.C) People are free from exploitation and oppression.D) People can fully enjoy individual freedom.37. By saying “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” (Line 10, Para. 1), the author means ________.A) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsB) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryC) a man’s business should be developed step by stepD) a company’s success depends on its employees’ hard work38. The characters described in Horatio Alger’s novels are people who ________.A) succeed in real estate investmentB) earned enormous fortunes by chancesC) became wealthy after starting life very poorD) became famous despite their modest origins39. It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that ________.A) business success often contributes to a successful marriageB) Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeC) good personal relationships lead to business successD) successful business people provide good care for their children40. What is the paradox of American culture according to the author?A) The American road to success is full of nightmares.B) Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’s wealth.C) The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.D) What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.翻译：1.空气中有一种不寻常的寂静，只有远处响着大炮的声音。

电子商务法律与法规练习题1一、名词解释(共24分，每题6分）1、电子商务2、电子签名３、认证机构4、网上银行二、选择题(含单选和多选。

）1.电子商务是指所有利用包括电讯、数字、刺梨、无线、光学、电磁技术等电子技术手段和信息技术进行的各种( ）的统称。

A．交易活动B．政务活动C．金融活动 D.服务活动2.电子商务在商务活动中的特点主要体现在以下方面（)。

A.交易无纸化Ｂ.在很多环境下表现为“机对机”的交易C.信息本身成为交易标的物D．在很多环境下表现为“面对面”的交易3.按照商务或动内容的不同，将商务活动分为( ）。

Ａ.完全电子商务B．不完全电子商务Ｃ.贸易性电子商务Ｄ．服务性电子商务4.电子商务法的特征是()。

A.技术性B.兼容性C．开放性D．国际性5．电子商务法的基本原则是（)。

A．中立原则B．技术原则C．自治原则 D.安全原则6.传统商事法律对电子商务的发展构成的障碍主要有以下几种情况(）。

Ａ.法律规则的缺位 B.法律规则不协调Ｃ．法律规则模糊 D.电子商务应用不广泛7．认定数据电文具有书面形式功能的标准是:（）。

A.能够有形地表现所载内容B．以纸面形式存在C.可以调取查阅D．由当事人在协议中约定8.一项数据电文，在符合下列哪些条件时，应当视为满足法律、行政法规规定的原件形式要求( ）。

Ａ.自最终形成之时起，其完整性即有可靠保证B.能够有形地表现所载内容C．不能在数据电文上增加任何记载Ｄ.不能在交换、储存和显示中发生任何改变9．在审查一项数据电文的证据力时,下列因素应予以考虑（)。

A.生成、储存或传递该数据电文的办法的可靠性B．保护信息完整性的办法的可靠性C．用以鉴别发端人的办法Ｄ．信息内容的合法性10．除非发端人与收件人另有协议,数据电文应以（）视为数据电文收到的地点。

Ａ．收件人所设的营业地B．收件人没有营业地的，以其惯常居住地Ｃ．发端人所设的营业地Ｄ.发端人没有营业地的,以其惯常居住地三、判断题(每题2分,共１0分）1．电子商务是随着计算技术数据处理技术在商业活动中的逐渐应用而产生发展的。

大英四期末复习题及答案第一部分：交际用语（满分10分）针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

A部分1．- Is that seat taken?- _________ A：Please don't worry. B：I don't think so. C：Why not? D：It's very nice.2．- Thank you for calling.- _________ A：Don't mention it.B：That's fine. C：Nice talking to you. D：Call back again.3．-- Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water?-- ________ A：I'd rather stay here if you don't mind.B：Sorry, I don't like neither. C：Certainly, why not? D：Yes, we like these two places.4．- How was your trip to London, Jane? - ___________. A：Oh, wonderful indeed B：I went there aloneC：The guide showed me the way D：By plane and by bus5．- Hey, Tom, what's up?- __________ A：Yes, definitely! B：Oh, not much. C：What is happening in your life? D：You are lucky.(1—5) B C A A BB部分1．- What does T om's wife do for a living?- _________. A：She is a doctor. B：Tom loves his wife. C：She has a happy life. D：She lives far from here. 2．- How tall is your sister?- _________ A：She is not very well. B：She is 28 years old. C：She is very nice. D：She is as tall as I am.3．- May I see your tickets, please?- ________. A：No, they are mine B：No, you can't C：Sure D：Yes, you can4．- Hello, may I talk to the director now?- _________. A：Sorry, he is busy at the moment B：No, you can't C：Sorry, you can't D：I don't know 5．- I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A.- _________ A：Don't worry about it. B：Congratulations! That's a difficult course. C：Mr. Brown is very good. D：Good luck to you!(1—5) A D C A BC部分1．- What a beautiful dress you have on today!- _________ A：It is suitable for me. B：No, it isn't.C：You want to have one, too? D：Thank you.2．- I think he is a good lecturer.- _________ A：Sorry, it doesn't matter. B：So do I. C：Yes. It's a good idea. D：I don't mind. 3．- ______？- Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week.A：When did your parents arrive at Paris B：How long have your parents been in ParisC：Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday D：When will your parents go to Paris4．- How often do you go dancing?- ______. A：I will go dancing tomorrow B：Yesterday C：Every other day D：I've been dancing for a year5．-You know, I have three kids now.- ______ A：Well, I've grown a mustache. B：That's terrific! C：Say, you've really changed your hair.D：Well, I gave up drinking.(1—5) D B B C B第二部分：阅读理解每篇短文后有5个问题。

部编版小学五年级（上）期末综合复习试题（四）语文（考试时间 90分钟全卷满分 100分）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________温馨提示：遇难心不慌，遇易心更细；拼一分高一分，一分成就终生！一、选择题1．下面加点字的解释正确的一项是（）A．王师．．北定中原日（王师：皇帝的军队）B．九州生气恃．风雷（恃：把持）C．天戴其苍，地履．其黄（履：踏着）D．欲．穷千里目，更上一层楼（欲：欲望）2．下面和其他三个词语不同类的是（）A．伙伴B．得失C．寻找D．明亮3．下列句子中的关联词运用不正确的一项是（）A．如果．．前面的人突然停住，后边的人没处落脚，就．会掉进水里。

B．进入太空之后，即使．．关掉发动机，火箭还．可以继续前进。

C．我之所以．．．避着廉将军，为的是我们赵国啊！D．虽然．．我们按下手电筒的开关，立刻就．会出现一束光柱。

4．下列各句中画线部分不能用括号中的内容替换的一项是（）A．两人闹矛盾，不要总指责对方，毕竟一个巴掌拍不响。

（孤掌难鸣）B．妈妈真是鸡蛋里挑骨头，检查作业时，连一丝错误都不能有。

（吹毛求疵）C．狼牙山五壮士最终因寡不敌众，全部选择了从悬崖上跳下去。

（一山难容二虎）D．英法联军真是贪得无厌，把圆明园里的东西能拿的统统拿走，拿不走的就销毁。

（吃着碗里看着锅里）5．下列词组中搭配不当的一组词是（）A．温暖的话语温暖的手掌温暖的眼神B．沉重的打击沉重的心情沉重的负担C．沉痛的心情沉痛的教训沉痛的脚步D．苍茫的夜色苍茫的大地苍茫的天空二、诗词曲鉴赏阅读课内诗歌，完成练习。

己亥杂诗九州生气恃风雷，万马齐喑究可哀。

我劝天公重抖擞，不拘一格降人材。

6．这首诗是________代的________写的。

7．下列对诗句的朗读节奏划分正确的一项是（）A．我/劝天公/重抖擞B．不拘/一格降/人材C．我劝/天公/重抖擞D．不拘一格/降/人材8．“九州生气恃风雷，万马齐暗究可哀”中“生气”的意思是________。

七年级上册期末复习试题：第三章《一元一次方程》应用题专练（四）1．元旦期间，某商场用1400元购进了甲、乙两种商品，共100件，进价分别是18元、10元．（1）求甲、乙两种商品各购进了多少件？（2）商场搞促销活动，若同时购买甲、乙两种商品各1件，可享受标价的8折优惠，此时这两种商品的利润率是10%，求这两种商品的标价总共多少元？2．为丰富校园文化生活，某学校在元旦之前组织了一次百科知识竞赛．竞赛规则如下：竞赛试题形式为选择题，共50道题，答对一题得3分，不答或错一题倒扣1分．小明代表班级参加了这次竞赛，请解决下列问题：（1）如果小明最后得分为142分，那么他回答对了多少道题？（2）小明的最后得分可能为136分吗？请说明理由．3．2019年元旦期间，某超市打出促销广告，如下表所示：一次性所购物品的原价优惠办法不超过200元没有优惠超过200元，但不超过600元全部按九折优惠超过600元其中600元仍按九折优惠，超过600元部分按8折优惠（1）小张一次性购买物品的原价为400元，则实际付款为元；（2）小王购物时一次性付款580元，则所购物品的原价是多少元？（3）小赵和小李分别前往该超市购物，两人各自所购物品的原价之和为1200元，且小李所购物品的原价高于小赵，两人实际付款共1074元，则小赵和小李各自所购物品的原价分别是多少元？4．如图，已知数轴上点A表示的数为﹣3，B是数轴上位于点A右侧一点，且AB＝12．动点P从点A出发，以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿数轴向点B方向匀速运动，设运动时间为t 秒．（1）数轴上点B表示的数为；点P表示的数为（用含t的代数式表示）．（2）动点Q从点B出发，以每秒1个单位长度的速度沿数轴向点A方向匀速运动；点P、点Q同时出发，当点P与点Q重合后，点P马上改变方向，与点Q继续向点A方向匀速运动（点P、点Q在运动过程中，速度始终保持不变）；当点P到达A点时，P、Q停止运动．设运动时间为t秒．①当点P与点Q重合时，求t的值，并求出此时点P表示的数．②当点P是线段AQ的三等分点时，求t的值．5．已知线段AB＝a，点P从点A出发沿射线AB以每秒3个单位长度的速度运动，同时点Q 从点B出发沿射线AB以每秒2个单位长度的速度运动，M、N分别为AP、BQ的中点，运动的时间为t．（1）若a＝12，MN＝AB，求t的值，并写出此时P、Q之间的距离；（2）点M、N能否重合为一点，若能，请直接写出此时线段PQ与线段AB之间的数量关系；若不能，说明理由．6．某商场购进西装30件，衬衫45件，共用了39000元，其中西装的单价是衬衫的5倍．（1）求西装和衬衫的单价各为多少元？（2）商场仍需要购买上面的两种产品55件（每种产品的单价不变），采购部预算共支出32000元，财会算了一下，说：“如果你用这些钱共买这两种产品，那么账肯定算错了”请你用学过的方程知识解释财会为什么会这样说？7．A、B、C、D、E、F六个球队进行单循环比赛（每两队之间赛一场，比赛结果必须分出胜负），每天同时在三个场地各进行一场比赛，前四天的积分表如下（E、F的积分被遮挡）：（1）根据积分榜，胜一场积几分，负一场积几分？（2）若E队前四天积分比F队多4分，问E、F两队前四天的战绩分别是几胜几负？（3）已知第一天B与D对阵，第二天C与E对阵，第三天D与F对阵，第四天B与C对阵，试分析第五天A和谁对阵比赛．8．甲、乙两人在400米的环形跑道上进行早锻炼，甲慢跑速度为105米/分，乙步行速度为25米/分，两人同时同地同向出发，经过多少时间，两人第一次相遇？（请列一元一次方程求解）9．用A4纸在某眷印社复印文件，复印页数不超过20时，每页收费1元；复印页数超过20时，超过部分每页收费降为0.4元，在某图书馆复印同样的文件，不论复印多少页，每页收费0.8元，当复印的张数超过20页时，请回答以下问题．（1）复印张数为多少页时，某眷印社与某图书馆的收费相同？（2）如何选择更省钱？10．某市两超市在元旦节期间分别推出如下促销方式：甲超市：全场均按八八折优惠；乙超市：购物不超过200元，不给于优惠；超过了200元而不超过500元一律打九折；超过500元时，其中的500元优惠10%，超过500元的部分打八折；已知两家超市相同商品的标价都一样．（1）当一次性购物总额是400元时，甲、乙两家超市实付款分别是多少？（2）当购物总额是多少时，甲、乙两家超市实付款相同？（3）某顾客在乙超市购物实际付款482元，试问该顾客的选择划算吗？试说明理由．参考答案1．解：（1）设甲购进了x件，则乙购进了（100﹣x）件，由题意，得：18x+10（100﹣x）＝1400，解得：x＝50，100﹣x＝50，答：甲、乙两种商品各购进了50件；（2）设两种商品的标价总共y元．由题意，得：（18+10）×（1+10%）＝0.8y，解得：y＝38.5，答：两种商品的标价总共38.5元．2．解：（1）设小明回答对了x道题，根据题意，得：3x﹣（50﹣x）＝142，解得：x＝48，答：小明答对了48道题；（2）不可能得到136分，设小明回答对了y道题，根据题意，得：3y﹣（50﹣y）＝136，解得y＝46.5，∵46.5不是整数，∴不可能得到136分．3．解：（1）小张一次性购买物品的原价为400元，则实际付款为400×0.9＝360（元），故答案为：360．（2）若所购物凭的原价为600元，则实际付款为540元，因为580＞540，所以小王所购物品原价超过600元，设小王所购物品原价为x元，根据题意，得：600×0.9+0.8（x﹣600）＝580，解得x＝650，答：所购物品的原价是650元；（3）∵小赵和小李各自所购物品的原价之和为1200元，且小李所购物品的原价高于小赵，所以小赵所购物品的原价低于600元，小李所购物品的原价高于600元，设小赵所购物品原价为y元，则小李所购物品的原价为（1200﹣y）元，①若小赵所购物品的原价低于200元，根据题意，得：y+600×0.9+0.8（1200﹣y﹣600）＝1074，解得y＝270＞200，不符合题意；②若小赵所购物品的原价超过200元，但不超过600元，根据题意，得：0.9y+600×0.9+0.8（1200﹣y﹣600）＝1074，解得：y＝540，∴1200﹣540＝660，符合题意；答：小赵所购物品原价为540元，则小李所购物品的原价为660元．4．解：（1）由题意知，点B表示的数是﹣3+12＝9，点P表示的数是﹣3+2t，故答案为：9，﹣3+2t；（2）①根据题意，得：（1+2）t＝12，解得：t＝4，∴﹣3+2t＝﹣3+2×4＝5，答：当t＝4时，点P与点Q重合，此时点P表示的数为5；②P与Q重合前：当2AP＝PQ时，有2t+4t+t＝12，解得t＝；当AP＝2PQ时，有2t+t+t＝12，解得t＝3；P与Q重合后：当AP＝2PQ时，有2（8﹣t）＝2（t﹣4），解得t＝6；当2AP＝PQ时，有4（8﹣t）＝t﹣4，解得t＝；综上所述，当t＝秒或3秒或6秒或秒时，点P是线段AQ的三等分点．5．解：（1）由题意得，AP＝3t，BQ＝2t，∵M、N分别为AP、BQ的中点，∴AM＝PM＝AP＝t，AN＝AB+BN＝AB+BQ＝a+t∴MN＝|t﹣（a+t）|＝||，PQ＝|3t﹣a﹣2t|＝|t﹣a|，若a＝12，MN＝AB＝4，∴||＝4，解得：t1＝32或t2＝16当t＝32时，PQ＝|32﹣12|＝20，当t＝16时，PQ＝|16﹣12|＝4；综上所述：若a＝12，MN＝AB，则t＝32时，PQ＝20，或t＝16时，PQ＝4，（2）结论：点M、N能重合为一点，此时PQ＝AB；理由如下：若点M、N重合为一点，即MN＝0，∴||＝0，解得t＝2a，则PQ＝|2a﹣a|＝a，此时PQ＝AB．6．解：（1）设衬衫的单价为x元，则西装的单价为5x元，根据题意，得30×5x+45x＝39000解得：x＝200 则：5x＝1000答：衬衫的单价为200元，则西装的单价为1000元；（2）设购买衬衫的数量为y件，则购买西装的数量为（55﹣y）件，根据题意，得 200y+1000（55﹣y）＝32000，解得：y＝28.75（不符合题意），所以，帐肯定算错了．7．解：（1）由D队情况可得，负4场积4分∴负一场得1分设胜一场积x分，得：3x+1＝10解得：x＝3答：胜一场积3分，负一场积1分．（2）设E队胜y场，F队胜z场，依题意得：解得：答：E队3胜1负，F队1胜3负．（3）由条件可知，第二天B与A或F对阵，若第二天B与A对阵，即当天比赛是：B与A，C与E，D与F（与第三天才有D与F对阵矛盾），不成立∴第二天B与F对阵，比赛为：C与E，B与F，A与D∴第五天B与A对阵答：第五天A和B对阵比赛．8．解：设经过x分钟后两人第一次相遇，可列方程：105x﹣25x＝400解得x＝5答：经过5分钟，两人第一次相遇．9．解：（1）设复印张数为x页，（x＞20），列方程得：20+0.4（x﹣20）＝0.8x解得：x＝30答：复印张数为30页时，某眷印社与某图书馆的收费相同．（2）20+0.4（x﹣20）＞0.8x解得：x＜30答：当复印张数大于0小于30页时，选某图书馆；当复印张数为30页时，两店一样；当复印张数大于30页时，选某眷印社．10．解：（1）由题意可知，一次性购物总额是400元时：甲超市实付款：400×0.88＝352元，乙超市实付款：400×0.9＝360元故甲、乙两家超市实付款分别352元和360元．（2）设购物总额是x元，由题意知x＞500，列方程得：0.88x＝500×（1﹣0.1）+0.8（x﹣500）解得x＝625故当购物总额是625元时，甲、乙两家超市实付款相同．（3）∵500×0.9＝450＜482，∴该顾客购物实际金额多于500．设该顾客购物金额为y，由题意得：500×（1﹣0.1）+0.8（y﹣500）＝482解得y＝540若顾客在甲超市购物，则实际付款金额为：540×0.88＝475.2元475.2元＜482元故该顾客的选择不划算．。

《中国当代文学史》论述题试题库四、论述题（必须结合文学发展的实际情况作出自己的评价。

）1、任选两位当代文坛有影响的中国作家，运用比较的方法对其同类题材的创作加以评述。

方方和池莉都属于擅长新写实小说的作家，但却同中有异。

A、相同之处：①共同的文化氛围——江城武汉。

②致力于刻画凡俗人生的生存状态和生存本相。

③重视细节的真实。

④富于“汉味”韵致。

B、不同之处：①个性气质有明显差异。

②价值取向不同。

③选材不同。

④内涵不同。

⑤语言不同。

2、联系闰土、老通宝、梁三老汉、陈奂生等一类农民形象，阐析中国现当代文学发展中的一个重要主题。

①从这一类农民形象上，可以看到中国现当代文学发展中的一个重要主题——民族灵魂的发现和重铸。

②在这类农民身上既有传统美德，又有几千年的历史尘埃，他们勤劳善良，但却愚昧无知，有着根深蒂固的奴性。

③鲁迅、茅盾、高哓声所塑造的这类人物，构成了中国农民从民主革命到80年代的命运变迁和灵魂的演进。

④对“国民性”问题的思考，描写、改造和重铸民族灵魂，成为现当代作家自觉的追求。

3、结合创作实践，谈谈新时期小说主潮的演变轨迹。

①新时期小说的第一个潮流是伤痕小说，揭示了十年浩劫给社会、家庭、个人制造的种种悲剧，开拓了批判和启蒙之路，标志着现实主义的复归。

②继之而起的反思小说，在揭露和批判的基础上，对历史进行更深层次的回顾与思考，标志着新时期文学迈入了现实主义的深化阶段。

③社会改革的主题是新时期改革大潮的必然产物，并由事件的冲突向着反映精神世界的更深刻的变化发展，是对现实主义的拓展。

④寻根小说超越社会政治层面，反思传统文化，重铸民族灵魂，丰富和加深了作品的文化意蕴。

⑤80年代中后期先锋小说和新写实小说相继涌现，现代主义的倾向中包孕了后现代主义因素，初步呈现出多元化的局面。

4、写出你所喜欢的三位中国当代作家，并试述理由。

这里比较张洁、王安忆、铁凝三位女作家。

①张洁擅长塑造中年知识女性，并具有独特的审美个性，细腻描写人的心底波澜，抒情性叙述与哲理性议论相结合，长于辛辣的讽刺。