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英美文学经典作品导读英美文学经典作品是世界文学宝库中的重要组成部分，这些作品代表了英美文化和人类智慧的精髓。
本文档旨在为读者提供对一些著名的英美文学经典作品的简要导读。
以下是几部备受推崇的作品，它们的阅读能够帮助读者更好地理解英美文学的发展和演变。
1.《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）- 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作，讲述了女主角伊丽莎白·班纳特与男主角达西·彭伯利之间的故事。
小说通过幽默而又富有智慧的笔触，揭示了社会等级、社交规则和婚姻观念等议题。
该作品被誉为英国经典文学的代表之一。
2.《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）- F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）《了不起的盖茨比》是20世纪美国文学的经典之作，描述了上流社会与贫穷人群之间的对比以及美国梦的崩溃。
这部小说以精湛而充满诗意的叙事风格，反映了社会的虚荣、威权和道德堕落等主题。
这是一部包含四个长篇小说和五十六个短篇故事的系列作品，以侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯为主角。
福尔摩斯凭借其卓越的观察力和推理能力，解决了许多难解的案件。
这部作品集结了推理小说的优秀元素，深受读者喜爱。
4.《1984》- 乔治·奥威尔（George Orwell）《1984》是一部反乌托邦小说，描述了一个被极权主义统治的世界。
该作品探讨了政治操纵、和个人隐私等主题，对现代社会的警醒至今深受推崇。
5.《麦田里的守望者》（The Catcher in the Rye）- J·D·塞林格（J.D. Salinger）这部小说以主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德的视角，讲述了他在纽约度过的几天的故事。
《麦田里的守望者》引发了对青少年人生、社会局限和成长问题的思考，成为了美国文学的经典之作。
英美文学选读要点总结精心整理[英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1.Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。
2.the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。
3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。
4.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
5.Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。
英美文学推荐选读作品英美文学名著导读详注本(美国)亨利·戴维·梭罗著1.《红字Scarlet Letter》Hawthorne（霍桑）2. 《德伯家的苔丝》（哈代）3.《傲慢与偏见》（简·奥斯汀）4.《双城记》狄更斯5.《瓦尔登湖Walden》 Thoreau梭罗6.《堂吉诃德》塞万提斯7.《格列佛游记》斯威夫特8.《查特莱夫人的情人》劳伦斯9. 《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》卡罗尔10.《女人的肖像》詹姆斯11.《自立Self-Reliance》 Emerson 爱默生12.《常识：理性时代》潘恩13．《老人与海Old Man And Sea》海明威 Hemingway14.《简·爱》勃朗特15.《金银岛》史蒂文森16.《隐身人》威尔斯17.《汤姆·索耶历险记The Adventure of Tom Sawyer》马克·吐温18. 《名利场》萨克雷19.《雾都孤儿》查尔斯·狄更斯20.《鲁滨逊漂流记》笛福21.《百年孤独》马尔克斯22.《麦田守望者》塞林格23.《理智与情感》奥斯汀24. 《哈克贝里芬历险记The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn》马克吐温25.《罗密欧与朱丽叶》莎士比亚26. 《荒原The Waste Land》艾略特Eliot27.《叶芝抒情诗篇》叶芝28.《The Gift of the Magi麦琪的礼物》欧亨利O.Henry29.《失乐园》弥尔顿30.《唐璜》拜伦31.《西风颂》雪莱32.《匹克威克外传》狄更斯33.《爱玛》简·奥斯汀33. 《呼啸山庄》艾米莉34.《尤利西斯》乔伊斯35. 《培根随笔Essay》培根Bacon36.《快乐王子》王尔德37.《卖花女》萧伯纳38.《白鲸Moby Dick》Melville麦尔维尔39.《汤姆叔叔的小屋Uncle Tom’s Cabin》斯陀夫人40. 《穷理查智慧书》本杰明。
英语英美文学经典导读导读一：英国文学经典作品英国文学是世界文学宝库中的瑰宝，其中不乏经典之作。
本节将为大家介绍几部英国文学经典作品，帮助大家更好地了解英国文学的魅力。
1.《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）——简·奥斯汀《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学史上最受欢迎的小说之一。
小说以19世纪英国上流社会的婚姻制度为背景，通过对女主角伊丽莎白·班内特与达西先生之间的爱情故事的描写，展现了社会阶级与个人追求之间的冲突。
作品以细腻的笔触描绘了人物形象，深入剖析了人性的复杂性，具有深刻的社会意义。
2.《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）——艾米莉·勃朗特《呼啸山庄》是19世纪英国文学的经典之作，被誉为世界文学史上最伟大的小说之一。
小说以英国乡村为背景，讲述了希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳之间的悲剧爱情故事。
作品以独特的叙事结构和深邃的心理描写打动了读者，展现了人性的复杂性和爱情的矛盾性。
3.《哈利·波特》系列（Harry Potter）——J·K·罗琳《哈利·波特》系列是当代英国文学的代表作之一，也是全球畅销的奇幻小说系列。
故事以年轻巫师哈利·波特为主角，讲述了他在霍格沃茨魔法学校的冒险经历。
作品融合了魔法、友情、勇气等元素，展现了对抗邪恶力量的正义与勇敢。
导读二：美国文学经典作品美国文学是世界文学的重要组成部分，拥有众多经典之作。
本节将为大家介绍几部美国文学经典作品，帮助大家深入了解美国文学的风采。
1.《老人与海》（The Old Man and the Sea）——欧内斯特·海明威《老人与海》是美国文学巨匠海明威的代表作之一，也是世界文学史上的经典之作。
小说讲述了古巴渔夫圣地亚哥与一条巨大的马林鱼搏斗的故事。
作品以简洁而富有力量的语言展现了人与自然的较量，探讨了人生的意义和尊严。
2.《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）——F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德《了不起的盖茨比》是20世纪美国文学的杰作之一，被誉为美国文学的象征。
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一．课程介绍：本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。
选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
二．《英美文学选读》的考核目标，按照识记，领会，应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。
三个层次呈递进关系，其含义是：识记：有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会：在识记的基础上，能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别应用了在领会的基础上，能运用本课程的基本理论，基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品，并能用英语正确表达。
Part 1 English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容1．古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2．英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf3．中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance4．Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献二．练习：1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, theyear of ______.A. Old----RenaissanceB. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of EnglandC. Middle ---- RenaissanceD. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England2).. The Medieval period in English literature extends from 1066 up to the______ century.A. mid-13thB. mid-14thC. mid-15thD.mid-16th3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as thenational ______ of the Anglo-Saxons.A. sonnetB. essayC. epicD. novel4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. William Langland5). For the Renaissance, ______ was regarded as the English Homer. His reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and ______.A. Geoffrey Chaucer----witsB. William Shakespeare----witsC. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanityD. WilliamShakespeare----humanity6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______.A. Old English, Greek, LatinB. Old English, French, LatinC. Old English, Greek, FrenchD. English, Greek, French7). Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of the Medieval period in English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______.A. coupletB. blank verseC. heroic coupletD. epic8). Thematically the poem “Beowulf” presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______.A. spiritual----heroB. natural----leaderC. spiritual----godD. natural----monster9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come.A. manB. theoryC. doctrineD. era10). Geoffrey Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse.A. rhymedB. alliterativeC. socialD. visionary2. Explain the following literal terms.1). Romance2). Heroic Couplet3). Epic3. Answer the following questions.1). How many groups do the Old English poetry divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why?2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature?Chapter1. The Renaissance Period一．重点前言部分1．文艺复兴的起源，起始时间，内容及特征2．人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3．文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习：Renaissance Period1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The Renaissance, in essence, is a historical period in which the European______ thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.A. Greek and RomanB. humanistC. religiousD. loyal2). Generally, the ______ refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.A. Medieval PeriodB. RenaissanceC. Old English PeriodD. Romantic Period3). ______ is the essence of the Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists.A. Humanity---- William ShakespeareB. Humanism-----Francis BaconC. Humanity---- Geoffrey ChaucerD. Humanism----William Shakespeare4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and ______.A. novel--- Geoffrey ChaucerB. poetry----Francis BaconC. drama----Ben JonsonD. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things.A. Roman ---- moralB. French---- reasonC. Roman---- manD. French---- God6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that people could understand.A. LatinB. FrenchC. GreekD. Anglo-Saxon7). Wyatt, in the Renaissance period, introduced the Petrarchan ______ into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse.A. drama----freeB. sonnet----blankC. terzarima----blankD. couplet----free8). In the early stage of the English Renaissance, poetry and ______ were the most outstanding forms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.A. fictionB. dramatic fictionC. poetic dramaD. novel9). By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.A. humanistsB. ProtestantsC. CatholicsD. playwrights10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science inEngland.A. Edmund SpenserB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Ben Jonson2. Explain the following literal terms.1). the Renaissance Period2). blank verse3). Humanism3. Answer the following questions.1). Make a comment on the influence of Italian literary works upon the literature in the Renaissance England.2). Make a comment on humanism3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England?文艺复兴时期的主要作家。
英美文学导论阅读参考书目PoetryElizabethan Poetry1. Determine whether the following poems are an English sonnet or an Italian sonnet.How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace.I love thee to the level of everyday‘sMost quiet need, by sun and by candlelight.I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.I love thee with the passion put to useIn my old griefs, and with my childhood‘s faith.I love thee with a love I seemed to loseWith my lost saints – I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life!– and, if god choose, I shall but love thee better after death. One day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washed it away: Again I wrote it with a second hand,But came the tide, and made my pains his prey. Vain man, said she, that doest in vain assayA mortal thing so to immortalize,For I myself shall like to this decay,And eek my name be wiped out likewise.Not so (quoth I), let baser things deviseTo die in dust, but you shall live by fame:My verse your virtues rare shall eternize,And in the heavens write your glorious name. Where whenas Death shall all the world subdue, Out love shall live, and later life renew.2. Appreciate the following poems. What are the main ideas expressed in the following poems? How does the poet express these ideas?Sonnet 18by ShakespeareShall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Sonnet 116—by ShakespeareLet me not to the marriage of true mindsAdmit impediments. Love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds,Or bends with the remover to remove:O no! it is an ever-fixed markThat looks on tempests and is never shaken;It is the star to every wandering bark (三桅帆船), Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come:Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom.If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved.The Bargain-- Sir Philip SidneyMy true love hath my heart, and I have his, By just exchange one for another given:I hold his dear, and mine he cannot miss, There never was a better bargain driven: My true love hath my heart, and I have his. His heart in me keeps him and me in one,My heart in him his thoughts and senses guides: He loves my heart, for once it was his own,I cherish his because in me it bides:My true love hath my heart, and I have his.Song: to Celia--by Ben JonsonDrink to me, only with thine eyes,And I will pledge with mine ;Or leave a kiss but in the cup,And I'll not look for wine.The thirst, that from the soul doth rise, Doth ask a drink divine :But might I of Jove's nectar sup (god‘s wine),I would not change for thine. I sent thee late a rosy wreath,Not so much honoring thee, As giving it a hope, that thereIt could not wither'd be.But thou thereon didst only breathe, And sent'st it back to me :Since when it grows, and smells, I swear, Not of itself, but thee.Go and Catch a Falling Star -- by John DonneGo and catch a falling star,Get with child a mandrake root,Tell me where all past years are,Or who cleft the Devil’s foot, Teach me to hear mermaids singing, Or to keep off envy’s stinging,And findWhat windServes to advance an honest mind.If thou be‘st born to strange sights, Things invisible to see,Ride ten thousand days and nights, Till age snow white hairs on thee; Thou, when thou return‘st, wilt tell me All strange wonders that befell thee, And swearNo whereLives a woman true, and fair.If thou find‘st one, let me know, Such a pilgrimage were sweet; Yet do not, I would not go,Though at next door we might meet: Though she were true, when you met her, And last, till you write your letter,Yet sheWill beFalse, ere I come, to two or three.Compare Sidney and Shakespeare‘s poems with that of Donne, what is the difference in central idea?Romantic Poetry AppreciationI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud-- by WordsworthI wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.The waves beside them danced; but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company:I gazed---and gazed---but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.Questions:1.What scenery has been described in this poem?2.What feeling does that scenery bring to the poet?3.What images reflect the poet‘s feeling and which words help to build up the images?4.What is the main idea of the last stanza?5.What features of writing of Wordsworth does this poem reveal?Kubla KhanIn Xanadu did Kubla KhanA stately pleasure-dome decree:Where Alph, the sacred river, ranThrough caverns measureless to manDown to a sunless sea.So twice five miles of fertile groundWith walls and towers were girdled round:And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;And here were forests ancient as the hills,Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slantedDown the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!A savage place! as holy and enchantedAs e'er beneath a waning moon was hauntedBy woman wailing for her demon-lover!And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,A mighty fountain momently was forced:Amid whose swift half-intermitted burstHuge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail:And 'mid these dancing rocks at once and everIt flung up momently the sacred river.Five miles meandering with a mazy motionThrough wood and dale the sacred river ran,Then reached the caverns measureless to man,And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean:And 'mid this tumult Kubla heard from farAncestral voices prophesying war!The shadow of the dome of pleasureFloated midway on the waves;Where was heard the mingled measureFrom the fountain and the caves.It was a miracle of rare device,A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!A damsel with a dulcimerIn a vision once I saw:It was an Abyssinian maid,And on her dulcimer she played,Singing of Mount Abora.Could I revive within meHer symphony and song,To such a deep delight 'twould win meThat with music loud and longI would build that dome in air,That sunny dome! those caves of ice!And all who heard should see them there,And all should cry, Beware! Beware!His flashing eyes, his floating hair!Weave a circle round him thrice,And close your eyes with holy dread,For he on honey-dew hath fedAnd drunk the milk of Paradise.When We Two Parted（《昔日依依别》）When we two parted昔日依依惜别，In silence and tears，泪流默默无言；Half broken-hearted 离恨肝肠断，To sever for years，此别又几年。
必读英美文学经典作品20本American Literature1、The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne《红字》霍桑著小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。
因此，它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。
2、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain《哈克贝利.芬历险记》简称《赫克》是美国文学中的珍品,也是美国文化中的珍品。
十六年前【1984】 ,美国文坛为《赫克》出版一百周年举行了广泛的庆祝活动和学术讨论,也出版了一些研究马克吐温,特别是他的《赫克》的专著。
专门为一位大作家的一本名著而举行如此广泛的纪念和专门的研究,这在世界文坛上也是少有的盛事。
这是因为《赫克》的意义不一般. 美国著名作家海明威说, "一切现代美国文学来自一本书, 即马克吐温的《赫克尔贝里芬历险记》……这是我们所有书中最好的。
一切美国文学都来自这本书,在它之前,或在它之后,都不曾有过能与之媲美的作品。
3、The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James 《贵妇画像》亨利.詹姆斯著】美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇画像》自问世以来一直受到文学评论界的关注，专家学者已从各个不同角度对女主人伊莎贝尔·阿切尔作了深入细致的研究。
本文试图从一个全新的视角，即跨文化交际角度，剖析伊莎贝尔在婚姻方面所作的选择。
文章指出她是该小说中跨文化交际的最大失败者，并对其失败原因作了分析。
希望在跨文化交际日益频繁的今天我们都能从伊莎贝尔的生活经历中得到某种启发。
4.Moby Dick by Herman Melville 《白鲸》麦尔维尔著小说描写了亚哈船长为了追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克的经历，最终与白鲸同归于尽的故事。
英美文学经典导读引言：在英美文学的世界中，有许多经典之作，它们不仅是文学史上的瑰宝，更是人类智慧的结晶。
本教案将带领学生们走进英美文学的世界，深入探索其中的经典之作，了解其背后的思想和艺术价值，以及对当代文化的影响。
通过本课程的学习，学生们将培养对英美文学的兴趣，提升阅读和分析能力，同时也拓展自己的人文视野。
一、莎士比亚的戏剧艺术1. 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》：这是莎士比亚最著名的爱情悲剧之一，通过两个家族的仇恨与两位年轻人的爱情，探讨了爱与命运的关系。
学生们将通过阅读和讨论，深入了解莎士比亚的戏剧技巧和人物塑造。
2. 《哈姆雷特》：这是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一，通过王子哈姆雷特的复仇故事，探讨了人性的复杂性和道德的困境。
学生们将通过分析剧中的人物形象和情节，探讨莎士比亚对人性的深刻洞察。
二、狄更斯的社会写实主义1. 《雾都孤儿》：这是狄更斯最著名的小说之一，通过孤儿奥利弗的成长故事，揭示了当时英国社会的黑暗面和贫富差距。
学生们将通过阅读和分析，了解狄更斯对社会问题的关注和他的写实主义风格。
2. 《双城记》：这是狄更斯另一部重要的作品，通过法国大革命的故事，探讨了人性的善恶和社会的不公。
学生们将通过分析小说中的人物形象和历史背景，理解狄更斯对人性和社会的思考。
三、雪莱与浪漫主义1. 《西风颂》：这是雪莱最著名的诗歌之一，通过描写大自然的力量和人类的渺小，表达了浪漫主义的情感和追求。
学生们将通过阅读和讨论，理解雪莱的诗歌语言和浪漫主义的核心价值观。
2. 《弗兰肯斯坦》：这是雪莱的丈夫雨果·弗兰肯斯坦的作品，通过描写科学家弗兰肯斯坦创造怪物的故事，探讨了人类的责任和科技的后果。
学生们将通过分析小说中的人物形象和主题，思考科技与人类的关系。
四、福克纳的现代主义1. 《喧哗与骚动》：这是福克纳最著名的小说之一，通过描写南方小镇的家族故事，探讨了时间、记忆和历史的主题。
学生们将通过阅读和分析，理解福克纳的叙事技巧和现代主义的特点。
PoetrySonnet 18Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this , and this gives life to thee.选自（Sonnet 18）作者William Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚eternal lines：the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves这首诗表达了：1.praise the power of artistic creation2a profound.meditation on destructive power of time and the eternal beauty of poem.From Paradise LostAll is not lost; the unconquerable will,And study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield:And what is else not to be overcome?……..To wage by force or guile eternal warIrreconcilable, to our grand foe选自（Paradise Lost《失乐园》1667）作者John Milton约翰·弥尔顿代表作还有（Paradise Regained《复乐园》1671和Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》1671）失乐园取材于《旧约·圣经》(the old testament)All is not lost: unconquerable will, revenge, immortal hate, courage never to submit or yield.eternal war: pull down the god from his thronegrand foe: godI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud--------William Wordsworth(威廉·华兹华斯)I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.continuous as the stars that shineand twinkle on the milky way,they stretched in never-ending linealong the margin of a bay.Ten thousand saw I at a glance,tossing their heads in springhtly dance.The waves beside them danced; but theyout-did the sparkling waves in glee:a poet could not but be gay,in such a jocund company:I gazed---and gazed---but little thoughtwhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I liein vacant or in pensive mood,they flash upon that inward eyewhich is the bliss of solitude;and then my heart with pleasure fills,and dances with the daffodils.该诗体现了是个应描写“平静中回忆起来的感情”（Emotion recollected in tranquility）这一诗学理论。
William Wordsworth(威廉·华兹华斯)：1978年他同柯勒律治合作出版了有名的《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads），该诗第二版的序被认为是英国浪漫主义（1798---1832）的宣言。
1843年被封为“桂冠诗人”。
浪漫主义时期：歌颂爱情和自然，对现实消极的态度Ode to the West WindO wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's beingThou, from whose unseen presence the leaves deadAre driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,Pestilence-stricken multitudes:O thouWho chariltest to their dark wintry bedThe winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,……….Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and preserver;hear, oh, hear!Thou on whose stream, 'mid the steep sky's commotion,Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shedd,Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,………Black rain, and fire , and hail will burst :oh, hear!……..And tremble and despoil themselves:oh, hear!……..I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!A heavy weight of hours has chained and bowedOne too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.……;Be through my lips to unawakened earthThe trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,If Winter comes , can Spring be far behind?作者Percy Bysshe Shelley波西·比希·雪莱，西风颂3个地方on the earth , in the sky, on the seaWild Spirit：west windDestroyer and preserver：destroy the old things,I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!:If Winter comes , can Spring be far behind?:这首诗的结构：诗歌每节有14行五音步诗行，每节可独立成为一首十四行诗，前三节的末尾均以“oh，hear”结尾，既在形式上把不同诗节贯串起来，又在语气上使诗节之间相互照应。
在《论自然》《认真的重要性》最后一句的理解：,名词解释Code hero：The Code Hero is typically an individualist and free-willed. Although he believes in the ideals of courage and honor he has his own set of morals and principles based on his beliefs in honor, courage and endurance. A code hero never shows emotions; showing emotions and having a commitment to women shows weakness. Qualities such as bravery, adventuresome and travel also define the Code Herocode hero，is one who，wounded but strong more sensitive，enjoys the ple asures of life （sex，alcohol，sport）in face of ruin and death，and maint ains，through some notion of a code，an ideal of himself.2> barnes in the sun also Rises，Henry in a Farewell to arms and Santia go in the old man and the sea are typical of Hemingway Code HeroInternational theme：the works tell the differences between England and America，it is international. The presentative works are Herny James，which is in his early times. Local colorism is the detailed representation in prose fiction of the setting dialect customs dress and ways of thinking and feeling which are distinctive of a particular region.Imagism :Imagism came into being in Britain and U.S around 1910 as a reaction to the traditional English poetry to express the sense of fragmentation and dislocation.2>the imagists，with Ezra Pound leading the way，hold that the most effective means to express these momentary impressions is through the use of one dominant image.3>imagism is characterized by the following three poetic principles：A. direct treatment of subject matter；B. economy of expression；C. as regards rhythm，to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase，not in the sequence of metronome.4> pound…s In a Station of the Metro is a well-known imagist poem. “Renaissance”:The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”，it meant the reintroduction into westerm Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings whi ch had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down i nto the era of Humanism and reformation.3> the real mainstream of the english Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with william shakespeare being the leading dramatist.a revival or rebirth of the artistic and scientific revival which originated in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. It has two fea tures: a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature and keen interest in activit ies of humanity.the stream of consciousness is a contiunously flow of sense-perception ,thoghts, feelings ,and memories in the human mind ,or literatury method of representing a blending mental process in fiction characters,usually an unpuntuated or disjiontedform of interior monologueit is a literary technique that presents the thoughts and feelings of a character as they occur without any clarification by the author. It is a narrative mode.The “stream of consciousness” is a psychological term indicating “the flux of conscious and subconscious thoughts and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person‟s will”简答题•《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》环境：It tells a story about the US before the Civil War(1861-1865),about 1850,when the great Mississippi River was still being settled. On both sides of Mississippi River , there was unpopulated wilderness and a dense forest.•Here lies an America, with its great national faults, full of violence , even cruelty, yet still retaining some virtues , some simplicity ,some innocence , and some peace.语言：the combination of human and staireStrong epoch flavorThe usage of south American dialect and the fist person∙人物：Huckleberry Finn, a boy about thirteen or fourteen. He has been brought up by his father, the town drunk, and has a hard time fitting into society.∙Widow Douglas is the kind old lady who has taken him in after he and Tom come into some money. She tries her best to civilize Huck, believing it is her Christian duty.∙The widow‟s sister, a tough old spinster called Miss Watson, also lives with them. She is pretty hard on Huck, causing him to resent her a good deal.Samuel Clemens may have drawn inspiration for her from several people he knew in his life.[4]∙Jim, the widow's big, mild-mannered slave to whom Huck becomes very close in the novel.∙Tom Sawyer, Huck‟s friend, the main character of other Twain novels and the leader of the town boys in adventures, is "the best fighter and the smartest kid in town".[4]100字梗概：Huck, a poor boy with a drunken bum a father, as a result of his adventure, gained quite a bit of money and was adopted by a respectable family. Huck dislikes his new life of cleanliness, manners, church, and school. However, he sticks it out in order to take part in Tom‟s new “robbers‟ gang.”Later Huck‟s brutish, drunken father reappears in town and demands Huck‟s money. He hangs around town for several months, harassing his son. Finally, he kidnaps Huck and holds him in a cabin. Huck escapes by faking his own death, killing a pig and spreading its blood all over the cabin.Later the slave Jim joined his escape because his owner is thinking of selling him down the river to the deep South of harsher slavery . They float on a raft down the majestic Mississippi, but are sunk by a steamboat, separated, and later reunited. They go through many comical and dangerous adventures.In the end, it is discovered that Miss Watson had already freed Jim, and a respectable family offers to adopt Huck. But Huck grows impatient with civilized society and plans to escape to "the territories" -- Indian lands.《傲慢与偏见》：伊丽莎白的性格分析：intelligent，lively，attractive，witty（she says that she just marries a person she loves）brave（when lady Catherine ask her not to receive Darcy`s proposal，she dared to refuse her）trust people easily(she trusts Wickham and regards Darcy as a bad man, what`s more, she shows more prejudices to Darcy. )三种婚姻模式:Lidyia&Wickham（based on passion and appearance）Elizabeth&Darcy(based on true love andComprehension）Charlotte&Collins(their marriage is based on financial benefits.They are compromise with reality)及作者对此的态度：Marriage should be based on true love and comprehension. 《老人与海》硬汉的性格特征：A man with great determination courage and confidence《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》主题：“racial discrimination” “women‟s self identity”Memory and the Past ."A Rose for Emily." Spanning approximately 74 years, this short story spins backwards and forwards in time like memory, and shows a southern town torn between the present and the past. Post-Civil War and Pre-Civil Rights, "A Rose for Emily" shows us an American South in limbo, trying desperately, with each generation, to find a better way, a way which honors the good of the past, while coming to terms with its evils." Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition,a duty,and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town dating from that day in 1894....."Emily is described here as an object, a thing passed on from generation to generation. Visions of America. The second paragraph of the first section of "A Rose for Emily" gives us all the clues we need to find out what the story is saying about America.The story shows how difficult it was for southern people to deal with the new America represented by the Emancipation Proclamation.Versions of Reality What we confront is the reality of America in the story, and the reality of the main character's complete isolation.This story shows how much things have changed since Miss Emily's time, how different our reality is from that of the characters in the story.Compassion and Forgiveness. Compassion and Forgiveness" is another major theme that we can find in almost any Faulkner story.The story can seem downright cruel, the characters wholly unsympathetic, and the plot gross. When we begin to see the magnitude of the tragedy, and its impact on multiple generations, we understand the story is a call for understanding.The story seems to argue that forgiveness, compassion, and understanding can only come by facing the facts of the past and the present, which are tangled up together in an tight knot. Faulkner is both mercilessly subtle, and painfully blunt in this story, but we can feel the spirit of compassion rushing through.By showing us that Emily is insane, Faulkner gives us space to feel compassion for her, and to forgive her for her crime.Isolation. is a story about the extremes of isolation – by physical and emotional. Quotes about Isolation from the text. "the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house,which no one save an old manservant--a combined gardener and cook--had seen in at least ten years."This funeral moment at the beginning of the story sets up the divisions that exist between Emily and the town. This sets the framework for Emily's isolation in life by talking about her funeral.评论：“A Rose for Emily” is a classic story which is essentially an analysis of the underlying cause for the failure and decay of the south before the Civil War.•Through the life of Emily, the author reveals the fate of the aristocracyand the new changes in the south of America after the Civil War.•Faulkner penetrates deeply into the psychological motivations for man’sactions. We profoundly sense his inner conflict and his combined feeling of love and hatred for the South.。
