蒸汽密度公式计算与查表对照曲线
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水蒸汽密度计算式(显示) 乌卡诺维奇状态方程ρ=[]63322110)()()(1⨯+++P T F P T F P T F RT P式中 F 1(T)=(b 0+b 1φ+…+ b 5φ5)×10-9F 2(T)=(c 0+c 1φ+…+ c 8φ8)×10-16 F 3(T)=(d 0+d 1φ+…+ d 8φ8)×10-23b 0 = -5.01140c 0 = -29.133164d 0 = -34.551360 b 1 =+19.6657 c 1 = +129.65709 d 1 = +230.69622 b 2 = -20.9137 c 2 = -181.85576 d 2 = -657.21885 b 3 = +2.32488 c 3 = +0.704026 d 3 = +1036.1870 b 4 = +2.67376 c 4 = +247.96718 d 4 = -977.45125 b 5 = -1.62302 c 5 = -264.05235 d 5 = +555.88940c 6 = +117.60724d 6 = -182.09871 c 7 = -21.276671 d 7 = +30.554171 c 8 = +0.5248023 d 8= -1.9917134P —绝压,MPa ,P=P 表+0.101325;T=t+273.15,°K ; t —工况温度,℃; ρ—密度,kg /m 3 R —气体常数,R=461J/(kg ·K), φ=103/T 。
唐山天辰电器基于IAPWS-IF97的高精度蒸汽流量仪表的研制凌波,徐英(1.天津大学电气与自动化工程学院天津300072;2.塘沽第一职业中专天津300451)引言当前多数智能仪表都采取了一定的流量补偿技术,但补偿的数学模型建立过程考虑并不十分周全,计量的准确性仍然不高。
蒸汽密度对照表第一篇:蒸汽密度介绍蒸汽密度是蒸汽与空气或其它气体相比较的相对密度。
通常是用在蒸汽能量计算、热力学分析和工程计算中。
蒸汽密度会受到蒸汽的压力、温度和湿度的影响。
在常见的工程应用中,通常使用相对湿度为100%的干蒸汽作为密度进行计算。
基准密度是指在标准温度和压力下,标准大气压强下,气体的密度。
在国际标准大气压(101.325kPa),温度为15℃,水的相对湿度为0%时,蒸汽密度为0.597kg/m³。
蒸汽的密度是热力学计算的重要参数,对于蒸汽管道、蒸汽锅炉等热力学系统的设计和计算有着十分重要的影响。
第二篇:蒸汽密度对比蒸汽密度与压力和温度的变化有密切关系,随着压力和温度的不同,蒸汽密度会发生变化。
下面对常见的蒸汽密度进行对比分析。
在标准大气压(101.325kPa)下,蒸汽密度为0.597kg/m³;在2.0MPa压力下,若温度为150℃,则蒸汽密度为5.19kg/m³;若温度升高至200℃,则蒸汽密度为8.39kg/m³;当温度高达250℃时,蒸汽密度则为12.30kg/m³。
由此可见,蒸汽温度对密度的影响很大。
蒸汽密度的变化,对于蒸气管道和蒸汽锅炉等设备设计和运行都有很大的影响。
因此,在热力学分析和工程计算中,必须准确地计算蒸汽密度,才能保证热力学系统的正常运行。
第三篇:蒸汽密度计算公式计算蒸汽密度时,常见的公式为:ρ=0.622×P/RT其中,ρ表示蒸汽的密度(kg/m³),P表示蒸汽的压力(Pa),R表示气体定压比热(J/(kg·K)),T表示蒸汽的温度(K)。
此外,还可以利用万能气体常数公式计算蒸汽密度:ρ=P/RT其中,ρ、P、R、T的含义与上一公式相同。
以上两种计算蒸汽密度的公式,根据不同的应用场景和数据可直接代入计算,以计算出准确的蒸汽密度。
总的来说,蒸汽密度是热力学中的重要参数,对于热力学系统的设计和计算具有重要的作用。
饱和蒸汽密度计算公式ρ=Ap+Bρ------蒸汽密度,kg/m3;p ----------流体绝对压力,MPa ;A、B--------系数和常数。
不同压力段的密度计算式2.过热蒸汽密度计算公式=1+F1(T) p+F2(T)p2+F3(T)p3P-------压力,Pa;ρ-------蒸汽密度kg/m3R-------气体常数,R=461J/(kg⋅K)T-------温度,KF1(T)=(b0+b1φ+…b5φ5)×10-9F2(T)=(c0+c1φ+…c8φ8)×10-16F3(T)=(d0+d1φ+…d8φ8)×10-23b0= -5.01140 c0= -29.133164 d0= +34.551360b1= +19.6657 c1=+129.65709 d1= +230.69622b2= -20.9137 c2=-181.85576 d2= -657.21885b3= +2.32488 c3=+0.704026 d3= +1036.1870 b4= +2.67376 c4=+247.96718 d4= -997.45125b5= -1.62302 c5=-264.05235 d5= +555.88940c6=+117.60724 d6= -182.09871c7=-21.276671 d7= +30.554171c8=+0.5248023 d8= -1.99178134φ=103/T1、过热蒸汽密度IN:REAL;(*补偿前流量,t/h*)TE:REAL;(*介质温度,摄氏度*)PT:REAL;(*介质压力,Mpa*)MD:REAL; (*过热蒸汽密度*)K:REAL;(*系数*)OV:REAL;(*补偿后流量,t/h*)MD:=1/((0.00471*TE+1.286)/(10.194*PT+1)-0.0097+0.0000132*TE);(*过热蒸汽密度计算公式*)OV:=K*SQRT(ABS(IN)*MD);2、给水密度高压给水密度公式(适用范围14.5~16.5MPa,100~300度):MD = -0.0023*T2 - 0.1974*T + 1006.4其中MD为密度Kg/m3,T为摄氏度低压给水密度公式(适用范围6MPa,50~150度):MD:=(1064.6448-0.96875*T)其中MD为密度Kg/m3,T为摄氏度IN:REAL;(*补偿前流量,t/h,已开方*)OV:REAL;(*补偿后流量,t/h*)OV:=K*IN* SQRT(ABS(MD));备注:以上压力P均为绝对压力(表压+大气压)饱和蒸汽密度表2010-10-28 08:39:43| 分类:杂项| 标签:密度压力蒸汽温度|字号大中小订阅最近好多人在邮箱里给我留言,说要蒸汽的密度焓值表在这里我把手里有的几个表都发上来,话不多说见下表(单位:密度ρ为kg/m3,压力P为MPa,温度t为℃)温度t 0 1 2 3 4℃压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ100 0.1013 0.5977 0.1050 0.6180 0.1088 0.6388 0.1127 0.6601 0.1167 0.6952 110 0.1433 0.8265 0.1481 0.8528 0.1532 0.8198 0.1583 0.9075 0.1636 0.9359 120 0.1985 1.122 0.2049 1.155 0.2114 1.190 0.2182 1.225 0.2250 1.261 130 0.2701 1.497 0.2783 1.539 0.2867 1.583 0.2953 1.627 0.3041 1.672 140 0.3614 1.967 0.3718 2.019 0.3823 2.073 0.3931 2.129 0.4042 2.185 150 0.4760 2.548 0.4888 2.613 0.5021 2.679 0.5155 2.747 0.5292 2.816 160 0.6181 3.260 0.6339 3.339 0.6502 3.420 0.6666 3.502 0.6835 3.586 170 0.7920 4.123 0.8114 4.218 0.8310 4.316 0.8511 4.415 0.8716 4.515180 1.0027 5.160 1.0259 5.274 1.0496 5.391 1.0737 5.509 1.0983 5.629 190 1.2551 6.397 1.2829 6.532 1.3111 6.671 1.3397 6.812 1.3690 6.955 200 1.5548 7.864 1.5876 8.025 1.6210 8.188 1.6548 8.354 1.6892 8.522 210 1.9077 9.593 1.9462 9.782 1.9852 9.974 2.0248 10.17 2.0650 10.37 220 2.3198 11.62 2.3645 11.84 2.4098 12.07 2.4559 12.30 2.5026 12.53 230 2.7975 14.00 2.8491 14.25 2.9010 14.52 2.9546 14.78 3.0085 15.05 240 3.3477 16.76 3.4070 17.06 3.4670 17.37 3.5279 17.68 3.5897 17.99温度t 5 6 7 8 9℃压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ100 0.1208 0.7105 0.1250 0.7277 0.1294 0.7515 0.1339 0.7758 0.1385 0.8008 110 0.1691 0.9650 0.1746 0.9948 0.1804 1.025 0.1863 1.057 0.1983 1.089 120 0.2321 1.298 0.2393 1.336 0.2467 1.375 0.2543 1.415 0.2621 1.455 130 0.3130 1.719 0.3222 1.766 0.3317 1.815 0.3414 1.864 0.3513 1.915 140 0.4155 2.242 0.4271 2.301 0.4389 2.361 0.4510 2.422 0.4633 2.484 150 0.5433 2.886 0.5577 2.958 0.5723 3.032 0.5872 3.106 0.6025 3.182 160 0.7008 3.671 0.7183 3.758 0.7362 3.847 0.7544 3.937 0.7730 4.029 170 0.8924 4.618 0.9137 4.723 0.9353 4.829 0.9573 4.937 0.9797 5.048 180 1.1233 5.752 1.1487 5.877 1.1746 6.003 1.2010 6.312 1.2278 6.264 190 1.3987 7.100 1.4289 7.248 1.4596 7.398 1.4909 7.551 1.5225 7.706 200 1.7242 8.694 1.7597 8.868 1.7959 9.045 1.8326 9.225 1.8699 9.408 210 2.1059 10.57 2.1474 10.77 2.1896 10.98 2.2323 11.19 2.2757 11.41 220 2.5500 12.76 2.5981 13.00 2.6469 13.24 2.6963 13.49 2.7466 13.74 230 3.0631 15.33 3.1185 15.61 3.1746 15.89 3.2316 16.18 3.2892 16.47 240 3.6522 18.31 3.7155 18.64 3.7797 18.97 3.8448 19.30 3.9107 19.。
一、饱和蒸汽密度表饱和蒸汽密度表(单位:密度─ρ=Kg/m3;压力─P=MPa;温度─t=℃)0 1 2温度 ()℃压力( P )密度( ρ ) 压力( P )密度( ρ )压力( P )密度( ρ )100 0.1013 0.5977 0.1050 0.6180 0.1088 0.6388 110 0.1433 0.8265 0.1481 0.8528 0.1532 0.8798 120 0.1985 1.122 0.2049 1.155 0.2114 1.190 130 0.2701 1.497 0.2783 1.539 0.2867 1.583 140 0.3614 1.967 0.3718 2.019 0.3823 2.073 150 0.4760 2.548 0.4888 2.613 0.5021 2.679 160 0.6181 3.260 0.6339 3.339 0.6502 3.420 170 0.7920 4.123 0.8114 4.218 0.8310 4.316 180 1.0027 5.160 1.0259 5.274 1.0496 5.391 190 1.2551 6.397 1.2829 6.532 1.3111 6.671 200 1.5548 7.864 1.5876 8.025 1.6210 8.188 210 1.9077 9.593 1.9462 9.782 1.9852 9.974 220 2.3198 11.62 2.3645 11.84 2.4098 12.07 230 2.7975 14.00 2.8491 14.25 2.9010 14.52 240 3.3477 16.76 3.4070 17.06 3.4670 17.373 4 5温度()℃ 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 100 0.1127 0.6601 0.1167 0.6952 0.1208 0.7105 110 0.1583 0.9075 0.1636 0.9359 0.1691 0.9650 120 0.2182 1.225 0.2250 1.261 0.2321 1.298 130 0.2953 1.627 0.3041 1.672 0.3130 1.719 140 0.3931 2.129 0.4042 2.185 0.4155 2.242 150 0.5155 2.747 0.5292 2.816 0.5433 2.886 160 0.6666 3.502 0.6835 3.586 0.7008 3.671 170 0.8511 4.415 0.8716 4.515 0.8924 4.618 180 1.0737 5.509 1.0983 5.629 1.1233 5.752 190 1.3397 6.812 1.3690 6.955 1.3987 7.100 200 1.6548 8.354 1.6892 8.522 1.7242 8.694 210 2.0248 10.17 2.0650 10.37 2.1059 10.57 220 2.4559 12.30 2.5026 12.53 2.5500 12.76 230 2.9546 14.78 3.0085 15.05 3.0631 15.33 240 3.5279 17.68 3.5897 17.99 3.6522 18.316 7 8 9温度℃ 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 100 0.1250 0.7277 0.1294 0.7515 0.1339 0.7758 0.1385 0.8008 110 0.1746 0.9948 0.1804 1.025 0.1863 1.057 0.1923 1.089 120 0.2393 1.336 0.2467 1.375 0.2543 1.415 0.2621 1.455 130 0.3222 1.766 0.3317 1.815 0.3414 1.864 0.3513 1.915 140 0.4271 2.301 0.4389 2.361 0.4510 2.422 0.4633 2.484 150 0.5577 2.958 0.5723 3.032 0.5872 3.106 0.6025 3.182 160 0.7183 3.758 0.7362 3.847 0.7544 3.937 0.7730 4.029 170 0.9137 4.723 0.9353 4.829 0.9573 4.937 0.9797 5.048 180 1.1487 5.877 1.1746 6.003 1.2010 6.312 1.2278 6.264 190 1.4289 7.248 1.4596 7.398 1.4909 7.551 1.5225 7.706 200 1.7597 8.868 1.7959 9.045 1.8326 9.225 1.8699 9.408 210 2.1474 10.77 2.1896 10.98 2.2323 11.19 2.2757 11.41 220 2.5981 13.00 2.6469 13.24 2.6963 13.49 2.7466 13.74 230 3.1185 15.61 3.1746 15.89 3.2316 16.18 3.2892 16.47 240 3.7155 18.64 3.7797 18.97 3.8448 19.30 3.9107 19.64二、过热蒸汽密度表过热蒸汽密度表(单位:ρ=Kg/m3)t(℃)PMPa 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 2900.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.50.51640.77811.04231.30891.57832.12372.66584.39666.13137.87859.846411.629515.189018.416822.700827.16430.385235.424343.895456.720165.471384.5457108.6250158.3464206.4175250.3934327.8165384.66470.49250.74120.99181.24441.49902.01412.53804.16765.83327.51639.368811.098514.451617.570921.571325.747028.916333.629341.747553.699162.180079.8261102.0289148.7516194.4276236.6910309.9521363.29750.47070.70790.94661.18691.42871.91662.41213.93725.53427.15409.247310.567613.715016.724320.442724.330327.447531.834239.598850.678058.888375.106195.4346139.1578182.4477222.8603291.2953341.90270.45070.67770.90561.13491.36531.82972.29973.74005.23566.79138.413010.036612.977615.877619.313122.912925.978430.038437.450847.656155.596870.386388.8412129.5629170.4577209.1592273.4409320.54550.43230.65000.86841.08491.30791.75132.19923.56554.97196.42887.93529.505412.240615.036718.226621.495424.509628.243335.302044.635252.306165.666582.2486119.9781158.4766195.4568255.5786299.18800.41560.62460.83421.04451.25401.65272.10813.41104.74596.11477.52198.974411.503614.184217.053020.077823.040726.448333.154141.613349.014560.946575.6543110.3842146.4967181.6261236.9217277.79310.40010.60100.80271.00481.20771.61522.02553.27184.54455.84377.17138.535010.879413.337715.924318.660321.571724.653231.006238.592245.723156.22065.769995.7769127.6820163.4280219.0574256.42600.38570.57950.77360.96821.16341.55541.94953.14534.36125.60066.86078.144710.350012.635915.016317.499720.102822.858028.857435.570442.431651.507762.467691.1964122.5268154.2312201.2031235.0688过热蒸汽密度表一t(℃)PMPa 310 330 350 370 390 410 430 4500.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.50.37240.55940.74650.93431.12241.50001.88023.02834.19435.37946.58157.80619.888811.997914.256516.552718.933321.422126.709132.548839.139946.787759.664881.6034110.5369140.3919182.5462213.67390.36000.54040.72140.90271.08441.47011.81472.92154.04195.17776.33097.49559.480611.514313.850115.74917.960820.250825.050230.223135.848542.068049.280272.010598.5531126.6895174.3185192.31640.34840.52300.69800.87321.04881.40101.75452.82273.90304.99456.09987.21869.113911.049413.028615.053917.127919.262723.700628.403733.417938.808344.756062.417886.5688116.3142166.0907171.86510.33750.50660.67590.84561.01561.35631.69832.73053.77224.82605.77796.96198.780210.630812.616214.439216.401818.410822.557029.903531.482536.321741.527456.149674.5840100.8176137.7965150.00740.32720.49120.65530.81980.98451.31441.64562.64403.65124.66735.69366.72608.475010.249312.052813.886215.752717.656521.562925.633029.869834.304439.000651.821266.834185.3228108.5430128.16140.31760.47670.63600.79550.95521.27531.59612.56353.53844.52205.51206.51178.19389.900011.630813.307714.757916.982720.690024.522428.496932.294736.934448.501561.553076.618594.4945106.63600.30860.46310.61780.77260.92771.23771.54982.48843.43354.38575.34416.30907.93329.577511.242512.999114.667916.371919.906223.402127.291331.159335.168445.802357.513770.571185.327695.13660.29980.45020.60050.75070.89891.20351.50602.41713.33454.25755.18636.12037.68989.281610.884212.508714.150715.813919.198122.663526.017029.873333.644743.543154.249765.933178.775987.0939过热蒸汽密度表二t(℃)PMPa 470 490 510 530 550 570 5900.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.5 0.29190.43810.58420.73160.88561.17081.46482.35003.24024.34965.03745.94197.46328.999110.551212.183513.700915.301718.549521.867525.264028.463732.300241.588451.526562.180773.685881.01840.28420.42700.56880.71130.85401.13961.42582.28693.15294.22914.89725.77607.25118.738810.240211.754813.282214.824917.951821.137324.386427.697131.086339.856949.138159.005069.519676.16210.27690.41560.55410.69250.83201.11021.38882.22743.06903.91574.76655.62047.05158.49459.949911.416912.895014.385917.402920.469923.590526.767630.011638.353747.124956.342766.060272.13760.27000.40520.54030.67570.81081.08211.35372.17002.99023.81434.64085.47256.86378.26579.677611.099412.531513.974916.891219.850622.857325.906829.016436.993645.308753.987563.067468.71080.26340.39530.52710.65910.79131.05561.32042.11642.91503.71834.52305.33226.68588.04869.419710.800312.189413.588516.411919.274522.174225.112428.100035.741443.668051.898560.449365.73700.25710.38580.51460.75580.77241.03031.28872.06502.84493.62714.41165.19896.51777.84379.177710.519111.868313.226715.965718.735021.540024.377127.255734.607242.193650.023758.125363.11320.25120.37680.50260.62840.75401.00621.25852.01682.77743.54014.30565.07456.35827.64988.948010.253311.565012.885015.544018.231420.950023.694926.473833.554140.834948.326956.040260.7719过热蒸汽密度表三三、常用气体密度表常用气体密度表气体名称 0℃760mmHg(Kg/m3)20℃ 760mmHg(Kg/m3)气体名称0℃760mmHg(Kg/m3)20℃ 760mmHg(Kg/m3)干空气 1.2928 1.205 乙炔 1.1717 1.091 氮 1.2506 1.165 甲烷 0.7167 0.668 氢 0.08988 0.084 乙烷 1.3567 1.263 氧 1.4289 1.331 丙烷 2.005 1.867 氯 3.214 3.00 乙烯 1.2604 1.174 氨 0.771 0.719 丙烯 1.914 1.784一氧化碳 1.2504 1.165 天然气 根据组份确定根据组份确定 二氧化碳 1.977 1.842 煤气 根据组份确定根据组份确定。
一、饱和蒸汽密度表饱和蒸汽密度表(单位:密度─ρ=Kg/m3;压力─P=MPa;温度─t=℃)0 1 2温度 ()℃压力( P )密度( ρ ) 压力( P )密度( ρ )压力( P )密度( ρ )100 0.1013 0.5977 0.1050 0.6180 0.1088 0.6388 110 0.1433 0.8265 0.1481 0.8528 0.1532 0.8798 120 0.1985 1.122 0.2049 1.155 0.2114 1.190 130 0.2701 1.497 0.2783 1.539 0.2867 1.583 140 0.3614 1.967 0.3718 2.019 0.3823 2.073 150 0.4760 2.548 0.4888 2.613 0.5021 2.679 160 0.6181 3.260 0.6339 3.339 0.6502 3.420 170 0.7920 4.123 0.8114 4.218 0.8310 4.316 180 1.0027 5.160 1.0259 5.274 1.0496 5.391 190 1.2551 6.397 1.2829 6.532 1.3111 6.671 200 1.5548 7.864 1.5876 8.025 1.6210 8.188 210 1.9077 9.593 1.9462 9.782 1.9852 9.974 220 2.3198 11.62 2.3645 11.84 2.4098 12.07 230 2.7975 14.00 2.8491 14.25 2.9010 14.52 240 3.3477 16.76 3.4070 17.06 3.4670 17.373 4 5温度()℃ 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 100 0.1127 0.6601 0.1167 0.6952 0.1208 0.7105 110 0.1583 0.9075 0.1636 0.9359 0.1691 0.9650 120 0.2182 1.225 0.2250 1.261 0.2321 1.298 130 0.2953 1.627 0.3041 1.672 0.3130 1.719 140 0.3931 2.129 0.4042 2.185 0.4155 2.242 150 0.5155 2.747 0.5292 2.816 0.5433 2.886 160 0.6666 3.502 0.6835 3.586 0.7008 3.671 170 0.8511 4.415 0.8716 4.515 0.8924 4.618 180 1.0737 5.509 1.0983 5.629 1.1233 5.752 190 1.3397 6.812 1.3690 6.955 1.3987 7.100 200 1.6548 8.354 1.6892 8.522 1.7242 8.694 210 2.0248 10.17 2.0650 10.37 2.1059 10.57 220 2.4559 12.30 2.5026 12.53 2.5500 12.76 230 2.9546 14.78 3.0085 15.05 3.0631 15.33 240 3.5279 17.68 3.5897 17.99 3.6522 18.316 7 8 9温度℃ 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 压力(P) 密度(ρ) 100 0.1250 0.7277 0.1294 0.7515 0.1339 0.7758 0.1385 0.8008 110 0.1746 0.9948 0.1804 1.025 0.1863 1.057 0.1923 1.089 120 0.2393 1.336 0.2467 1.375 0.2543 1.415 0.2621 1.455 130 0.3222 1.766 0.3317 1.815 0.3414 1.864 0.3513 1.915 140 0.4271 2.301 0.4389 2.361 0.4510 2.422 0.4633 2.484 150 0.5577 2.958 0.5723 3.032 0.5872 3.106 0.6025 3.182 160 0.7183 3.758 0.7362 3.847 0.7544 3.937 0.7730 4.029 170 0.9137 4.723 0.9353 4.829 0.9573 4.937 0.9797 5.048 180 1.1487 5.877 1.1746 6.003 1.2010 6.312 1.2278 6.264 190 1.4289 7.248 1.4596 7.398 1.4909 7.551 1.5225 7.706 200 1.7597 8.868 1.7959 9.045 1.8326 9.225 1.8699 9.408 210 2.1474 10.77 2.1896 10.98 2.2323 11.19 2.2757 11.41 220 2.5981 13.00 2.6469 13.24 2.6963 13.49 2.7466 13.74 230 3.1185 15.61 3.1746 15.89 3.2316 16.18 3.2892 16.47 240 3.7155 18.64 3.7797 18.97 3.8448 19.30 3.9107 19.64二、过热蒸汽密度表过热蒸汽密度表(单位:ρ=Kg/m3)t(℃)PMPa 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 2900.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.50.51640.77811.04231.30891.57832.12372.66584.39666.13137.87859.846411.629515.189018.416822.700827.16430.385235.424343.895456.720165.471384.5457108.6250158.3464206.4175250.3934327.8165384.66470.49250.74120.99181.24441.49902.01412.53804.16765.83327.51639.368811.098514.451617.570921.571325.747028.916333.629341.747553.699162.180079.8261102.0289148.7516194.4276236.6910309.9521363.29750.47070.70790.94661.18691.42871.91662.41213.93725.53427.15409.247310.567613.715016.724320.442724.330327.447531.834239.598850.678058.888375.106195.4346139.1578182.4477222.8603291.2953341.90270.45070.67770.90561.13491.36531.82972.29973.74005.23566.79138.413010.036612.977615.877619.313122.912925.978430.038437.450847.656155.596870.386388.8412129.5629170.4577209.1592273.4409320.54550.43230.65000.86841.08491.30791.75132.19923.56554.97196.42887.93529.505412.240615.036718.226621.495424.509628.243335.302044.635252.306165.666582.2486119.9781158.4766195.4568255.5786299.18800.41560.62460.83421.04451.25401.65272.10813.41104.74596.11477.52198.974411.503614.184217.053020.077823.040726.448333.154141.613349.014560.946575.6543110.3842146.4967181.6261236.9217277.79310.40010.60100.80271.00481.20771.61522.02553.27184.54455.84377.17138.535010.879413.337715.924318.660321.571724.653231.006238.592245.723156.22065.769995.7769127.6820163.4280219.0574256.42600.38570.57950.77360.96821.16341.55541.94953.14534.36125.60066.86078.144710.350012.635915.016317.499720.102822.858028.857435.570442.431651.507762.467691.1964122.5268154.2312201.2031235.0688过热蒸汽密度表一t(℃)PMPa 310 330 350 370 390 410 430 4500.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.50.37240.55940.74650.93431.12241.50001.88023.02834.19435.37946.58157.80619.888811.997914.256516.552718.933321.422126.709132.548839.139946.787759.664881.6034110.5369140.3919182.5462213.67390.36000.54040.72140.90271.08441.47011.81472.92154.04195.17776.33097.49559.480611.514313.850115.74917.960820.250825.050230.223135.848542.068049.280272.010598.5531126.6895174.3185192.31640.34840.52300.69800.87321.04881.40101.75452.82273.90304.99456.09987.21869.113911.049413.028615.053917.127919.262723.700628.403733.417938.808344.756062.417886.5688116.3142166.0907171.86510.33750.50660.67590.84561.01561.35631.69832.73053.77224.82605.77796.96198.780210.630812.616214.439216.401818.410822.557029.903531.482536.321741.527456.149674.5840100.8176137.7965150.00740.32720.49120.65530.81980.98451.31441.64562.64403.65124.66735.69366.72608.475010.249312.052813.886215.752717.656521.562925.633029.869834.304439.000651.821266.834185.3228108.5430128.16140.31760.47670.63600.79550.95521.27531.59612.56353.53844.52205.51206.51178.19389.900011.630813.307714.757916.982720.690024.522428.496932.294736.934448.501561.553076.618594.4945106.63600.30860.46310.61780.77260.92771.23771.54982.48843.43354.38575.34416.30907.93329.577511.242512.999114.667916.371919.906223.402127.291331.159335.168445.802357.513770.571185.327695.13660.29980.45020.60050.75070.89891.20351.50602.41713.33454.25755.18636.12037.68989.281610.884212.508714.150715.813919.198122.663526.017029.873333.644743.543154.249765.933178.775987.0939过热蒸汽密度表二t(℃)PMPa 470 490 510 530 550 570 5900.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.500.801.10 1.401.702.002.503.003.504.004.505.006.007.008.009.0010.0 12.5 15.0 17.520.021.5 0.29190.43810.58420.73160.88561.17081.46482.35003.24024.34965.03745.94197.46328.999110.551212.183513.700915.301718.549521.867525.264028.463732.300241.588451.526562.180773.685881.01840.28420.42700.56880.71130.85401.13961.42582.28693.15294.22914.89725.77607.25118.738810.240211.754813.282214.824917.951821.137324.386427.697131.086339.856949.138159.005069.519676.16210.27690.41560.55410.69250.83201.11021.38882.22743.06903.91574.76655.62047.05158.49459.949911.416912.895014.385917.402920.469923.590526.767630.011638.353747.124956.342766.060272.13760.27000.40520.54030.67570.81081.08211.35372.17002.99023.81434.64085.47256.86378.26579.677611.099412.531513.974916.891219.850622.857325.906829.016436.993645.308753.987563.067468.71080.26340.39530.52710.65910.79131.05561.32042.11642.91503.71834.52305.33226.68588.04869.419710.800312.189413.588516.411919.274522.174225.112428.100035.741443.668051.898560.449365.73700.25710.38580.51460.75580.77241.03031.28872.06502.84493.62714.41165.19896.51777.84379.177710.519111.868313.226715.965718.735021.540024.377127.255734.607242.193650.023758.125363.11320.25120.37680.50260.62840.75401.00621.25852.01682.77743.54014.30565.07456.35827.64988.948010.253311.565012.885015.544018.231420.950023.694926.473833.554140.834948.326956.040260.7719过热蒸汽密度表三三、常用气体密度表常用气体密度表气体名称 0℃760mmHg(Kg/m3)20℃ 760mmHg(Kg/m3)气体名称0℃760mmHg(Kg/m3)20℃ 760mmHg(Kg/m3)干空气 1.2928 1.205 乙炔 1.1717 1.091 氮 1.2506 1.165 甲烷 0.7167 0.668 氢 0.08988 0.084 乙烷 1.3567 1.263 氧 1.4289 1.331 丙烷 2.005 1.867 氯 3.214 3.00 乙烯 1.2604 1.174 氨 0.771 0.719 丙烯 1.914 1.784一氧化碳 1.2504 1.165 天然气 根据组份确定根据组份确定 二氧化碳 1.977 1.842 煤气 根据组份确定根据组份确定。
饱和蒸汽密度计算公式ρ=Ap+Bρ------蒸汽密度,kg/m3;p ----------流体绝对压力,MPa ;A、B--------系数和常数。
不同压力段的密度计算式2.过热蒸汽密度计算公式=1+F1(T) p+F2(T)p2+F3(T)p3P-------压力,Pa;ρ-------蒸汽密度kg/m3R-------气体常数,R=461J/(kg⋅K)T-------温度,KF1(T)=(b0+b1φ+…b5φ5)×10-9F2(T)=(c0+c1φ+…c8φ8)×10-16F3(T)=(d0+d1φ+…d8φ8)×10-23b0= -5.01140 c0= -29.133164 d0= +34.551360b1= +19.6657 c1=+129.65709 d1= +230.69622b2= -20.9137 c2=-181.85576 d2= -657.21885b3= +2.32488 c3=+0.704026 d3= +1036.1870 b4= +2.67376 c4=+247.96718 d4= -997.45125b5= -1.62302 c5=-264.05235 d5= +555.88940c6=+117.60724 d6= -182.09871c7=-21.276671 d7= +30.554171c8=+0.5248023 d8= -1.99178134φ=103/T1、过热蒸汽密度IN:REAL;(*补偿前流量,t/h*)TE:REAL;(*介质温度,摄氏度*)PT:REAL;(*介质压力,Mpa*)MD:REAL; (*过热蒸汽密度*)K:REAL;(*系数*)OV:REAL;(*补偿后流量,t/h*)MD:=1/((0.00471*TE+1.286)/(10.194*PT+1)-0.0097+0.0000132*TE);(*过热蒸汽密度计算公式*)OV:=K*SQRT(ABS(IN)*MD);2、给水密度高压给水密度公式(适用范围14.5~16.5MPa,100~300度):MD = -0.0023*T2 - 0.1974*T + 1006.4其中MD为密度Kg/m3,T为摄氏度低压给水密度公式(适用范围6MPa,50~150度):MD:=(1064.6448-0.96875*T)其中MD为密度Kg/m3,T为摄氏度IN:REAL;(*补偿前流量,t/h,已开方*)OV:REAL;(*补偿后流量,t/h*)OV:=K*IN* SQRT(ABS(MD));备注:以上压力P均为绝对压力(表压+大气压)饱和蒸汽密度表2010-10-28 08:39:43| 分类:杂项| 标签:密度压力蒸汽温度|字号大中小订阅最近好多人在邮箱里给我留言,说要蒸汽的密度焓值表在这里我把手里有的几个表都发上来,话不多说见下表(单位:密度ρ为kg/m3,压力P为MPa,温度t为℃)温度t 0 1 2 3 4℃压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ100 0.1013 0.5977 0.1050 0.6180 0.1088 0.6388 0.1127 0.6601 0.1167 0.6952 110 0.1433 0.8265 0.1481 0.8528 0.1532 0.8198 0.1583 0.9075 0.1636 0.9359 120 0.1985 1.122 0.2049 1.155 0.2114 1.190 0.2182 1.225 0.2250 1.261 130 0.2701 1.497 0.2783 1.539 0.2867 1.583 0.2953 1.627 0.3041 1.672 140 0.3614 1.967 0.3718 2.019 0.3823 2.073 0.3931 2.129 0.4042 2.185 150 0.4760 2.548 0.4888 2.613 0.5021 2.679 0.5155 2.747 0.5292 2.816 160 0.6181 3.260 0.6339 3.339 0.6502 3.420 0.6666 3.502 0.6835 3.586 170 0.7920 4.123 0.8114 4.218 0.8310 4.316 0.8511 4.415 0.8716 4.515180 1.0027 5.160 1.0259 5.274 1.0496 5.391 1.0737 5.509 1.0983 5.629 190 1.2551 6.397 1.2829 6.532 1.3111 6.671 1.3397 6.812 1.3690 6.955 200 1.5548 7.864 1.5876 8.025 1.6210 8.188 1.6548 8.354 1.6892 8.522 210 1.9077 9.593 1.9462 9.782 1.9852 9.974 2.0248 10.17 2.0650 10.37 220 2.3198 11.62 2.3645 11.84 2.4098 12.07 2.4559 12.30 2.5026 12.53 230 2.7975 14.00 2.8491 14.25 2.9010 14.52 2.9546 14.78 3.0085 15.05 240 3.3477 16.76 3.4070 17.06 3.4670 17.37 3.5279 17.68 3.5897 17.99温度t 5 6 7 8 9℃压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ压力P 密度ρ100 0.1208 0.7105 0.1250 0.7277 0.1294 0.7515 0.1339 0.7758 0.1385 0.8008 110 0.1691 0.9650 0.1746 0.9948 0.1804 1.025 0.1863 1.057 0.1983 1.089 120 0.2321 1.298 0.2393 1.336 0.2467 1.375 0.2543 1.415 0.2621 1.455 130 0.3130 1.719 0.3222 1.766 0.3317 1.815 0.3414 1.864 0.3513 1.915 140 0.4155 2.242 0.4271 2.301 0.4389 2.361 0.4510 2.422 0.4633 2.484 150 0.5433 2.886 0.5577 2.958 0.5723 3.032 0.5872 3.106 0.6025 3.182 160 0.7008 3.671 0.7183 3.758 0.7362 3.847 0.7544 3.937 0.7730 4.029 170 0.8924 4.618 0.9137 4.723 0.9353 4.829 0.9573 4.937 0.9797 5.048 180 1.1233 5.752 1.1487 5.877 1.1746 6.003 1.2010 6.312 1.2278 6.264 190 1.3987 7.100 1.4289 7.248 1.4596 7.398 1.4909 7.551 1.5225 7.706 200 1.7242 8.694 1.7597 8.868 1.7959 9.045 1.8326 9.225 1.8699 9.408 210 2.1059 10.57 2.1474 10.77 2.1896 10.98 2.2323 11.19 2.2757 11.41 220 2.5500 12.76 2.5981 13.00 2.6469 13.24 2.6963 13.49 2.7466 13.74 230 3.0631 15.33 3.1185 15.61 3.1746 15.89 3.2316 16.18 3.2892 16.47 240 3.6522 18.31 3.7155 18.64 3.7797 18.97 3.8448 19.30 3.9107 19.。
关于汽包水位测量问题汽包水位测量。
就地水位计有:玻璃板式水位计、就地双色水位计、电接点式水位计几种。
原理都是通过连通器原理,即在液体密度相同的条件下,连通管中各个支管的液位均处于同一高度。
见下图。
只不过看的方式不同而已对于就地水位计来讲,存在着散热误差,导致读数不准。
汽包水位测量。
上面公式推导过程:(假定饱和蒸汽密度与水位计中蒸汽的密度相同)H*ρ’=H1*ρ1+(H-H1) *ρ’’ H*ρ’=H1*ρ1+H*ρ’’-H1* ρ’’ H*ρ’- H*ρ’’=H1*ρ1 -H1*ρ’’ H*(ρ’- ρ’’)=H1*(ρ1-ρ’’) H1=[(ρ’- ρ’’)/ (ρ1-ρ’’)]*H (1)直接“散热”误差由于测量筒及其引管向周围空间散热,其水柱温度实际上低于容器内水的温度,直接影响水位计测量筒内水的密度ρ1,即测量筒内水的密度ρ1大于容器内水的密度ρ',由(1)式可知水位计显示的水位H,比容器内水位H低。
由(2)式可以看出,水位计测量筒散热越多,ρ1也就越大,因而测量误差|△h|越大,这种误差我们称为直接“散热”误差。
为了减少直接“散热”误差|△h|,一般在水位计测量筒的下部至水侧连通管应加以保温,以减少测量筒水柱温度与容器内水的温度之差:同时水位计的汽侧连通管及水位计测量筒的上部不用保温,并让汽侧连通管保持一定的倾斜度,使更多的凝结水流入测量筒,以提高水位计测量筒内水的密度ρ1。
(2)取样“散热”误差由式(2)可以看出,水位计误差值|△h|与水位值H成正比,即水位值H越高(以水侧连通管作零点),水位计误差值|△h|就越大,可以说存在取样“散热”误差。
由图1可以看出,若容器内实际水位不变,当水位计水侧取样孔及连通管向上移时(相当于零水位线上移),容器水位示值H 减少,则由式(2)可以看出,水位计取样“散热”误差|△h|可减少。
为了能测量到水位下限,水位计水侧取样向上移是有限的,因此图1中取样“散热”误差是无法完全消除的。
蒸汽密度求取方法比较说明: 从上面的分析可知,工程上普遍使用的推导式蒸汽质量流量测量系统,关键是求取蒸汽密度。
归纳起来主要是采用数学模拟法和查表法两类方法。
(1)用数学模型求取蒸汽密度在工程设计和计算中,工程师们经常需要求取蒸汽密度数据,采用的传统方法是由蒸汽的状态数据查蒸汽密度表。
但是未采用微处理器前,这种人工查表的方法还无法移植进仪表,而仍采用数学模型的方法。
人们建立了多种的数学模型以满足不同的需要,下面列举使用最广泛的几种。
①一次函数法。
这种方法的显著特点是简单,适用于饱和蒸汽,其表达式为式中 ρ——蒸汽密度, kg/m 3 P ——流体绝对压力, MPa ; A 、B ——系数和常数。
式(3.18)不足之处是仅在较小的压力范围内变化适用,压力变化范围较大时,由于误差太大,就不适用了。
因为对于饱和蒸汽来说,ρ=f(ρ)是一条曲线,用一条直线拟合它,范围越大,当然误差越大。
解决这个矛盾的方法是分段拟合,即在不同的压力段采用不同的系数和常数。
表3.2所示为不同压力段对应的不同密度计算式。
②用指数函数拟合密度曲线。
使用较多的是(3.19)式(3.19)描述的是一条曲线,用它来拟合饱和蒸汽的ρ=f(P)曲线能得到更高的精确度,但是在压力变化范围较大的情况下,仍有千分之几的误差。
③状态方程法。
状态方程法用于计算过热蒸汽密度,其中著名的有乌卡诺维奇状态方程:式中ρ——压力, Pa;v——比体积, m3/kg;R——气体常数, R=461J/(kg· K);T——温度, K;2)计算机查表法上面所说的通过数学模型求取蒸汽密度的误差都是同人工查密度表方法相比较而言。
现在智能化仪表将蒸汽密度表装入其内存中,在CPU的控制下,模仿人工查表的方法,采用计算机查表与线性内插相结合的技术,能得到与人工查表相同的精确度。
现在国际上通用的蒸汽密度表是根据"工业用1967年IFC公式"计算出来的。