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限定词（determiner）限定词的先后顺序: 前位---中位---后位(一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个前位限定词或两个中位限定词)冠词的表意功能(1)The ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of the (these/his) students have passed the final examination.(2)They asked to stop counting presidential votes for a second time.(3)Every boy and every girl___(have) his merits.Every young man, young lady,and child ___(be) requested to take part.Many a person___(be) going to the take the test.(4)Other or anotherCalifornia covers a large area than __________state except Alaska and Texas.Out of the three foreign guests, one is from Frankfurt, ______two are from Vienna.. Don'.los.heart.Hav.___try.There's room for _________people in the back of the bus.(5). ing.We'l.hav.____.five-da.holiday.(6)冠词的用法Who is ___captain of your team?. Mr.Reaga.wa.electe.___Presiden.o.th.Unite.State.i.1980.Charles Dickens,__author of David Copperfield, was a distinguished English novelist.As ____physician, he does not deserve much praise.He was covered with snow from ___head to __foot.The relation between ___teacher and ___student is excellent.This room serves the triple purpose of ___study, ___bedroom and ____sitting room. The old man was sitting in a chair, ___pipe in ___hand.He sat at ___ table, ___coat off, ___head down, and __pen in ___hand.What kind of ___man is he?What sort of ___book do you want?The work is ____pleasure to me.She has developed ___love for labour.Physics is ____ science.He spoke with _____ enthusiasm which inspired us all.Do you like ___ music of ___film?Phonetics is ____science of speech sounds。
限定词限定词（DETERMINER〕是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指（SPECIFIC REFERENCE〕、类指（GENERIC REFERENCE〕以及表示确定数量（DEFINITE QUANTITY〕和非确定数量（INDEFINITE QUANTITY〕等限定作用的词类.名词词组除有词汇意义外,还有其所指意义（REFERENTIAL MEANING〕,是特指（即指特写的对象〕,还是类指（即泛指一类人或物〕；是有确定的数量,还是没有确定的数量.能在名词词组中表示这种所指意义的词类就是限定词.英语的限定词包括：定冠词（DEFINTITE ARTICLE〕,不定冠词（INDEFINITE ARTICLE〕,零冠词（ZERO ARTICLE〕物主限定词（POSSESSIVE DETERMINER〕,my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one's, its.名词属格（GENITIVE NOUN〕,John's, my friend's.指示限定词（DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINER〕,this, that, these, those, such.关系限定词（RELATIVE DETERRMINER〕,whose, which.疑问限定词（INTERROGATIVE DETERMINER〕,what, which, whose.不定限定词（INDEFINITE DETERMINER〕,no, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another.基数词（CARDINAL NUMERAL〕和序数词（ORDINAL NUMERAL〕倍数词（MULTIPLICATIVE NUMERAL〕和分数词（FRACTIONAL NUMERAL〕量词（QUANTIFIER〕a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great of, a good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great of, a good number of等.限定词与名词词组中心词之间有着某种固定的搭配关系；如果名词之前带有两个或两个以上的限定词,则限定词与限定词之间也有某种固定的搭配关系.本讲主要解决这两种搭配关系问题.1 限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词的选择决定于随后的名词的类别,是单数名词、复数名词,还是不可数名词.1〕能与三类名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如the, some, any, no, other, whose以及my, your等物主限定词和名词属格（John's, my friend's〕等能与三类名词搭配.例如：the book, my book, my friend's book, John's book, any book, some book, no book, the other book, whose book, the books,my books, my friend's book, John's books, any books, some books, no books, the other books, whose books, the money, my money, my friend's money, John's money, any money,some money, no money, the other money, whose money.2〕只能与单数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如a(n), one, another, each, every, either, neither, many a, such a 等只能与单数名词搭配.例如：each worker, either book, an apple, another book, such a book, every student, neither sentence, one copy, many a book.3) 只能与复数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如both, two, three, another two / three, many, (a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of等只能与复数名词搭配.例如：both workers, several students, a number of essays, many students, (a) few words, these / those books, two / three visitors, another two / three students.4) 只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如a (little) bit of, a great amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much 等只能与不可数名词搭配.例如：a bit of water, a great amount of labour, a great deal of work, (a) little space, much noise.5〕能与单、复数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如the first, the second, the last, the next等既可与单数名词搭配,也可与复数名词搭配.例如：the first rose, the last man, the next meeting, the first roses, the last men, the next meetings.6〕能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如this, that, (the) least等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配.例如：(the) least sign (of prejudice), this / that job, (the) least knowledge, this / that work.7〕能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词还有些限定词如a lot of, lots of, enough, more, most, such, other等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配.例如：a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chickens, lots of food, plenty of chairs, plenty of water, enough copies, enough coal, more articles, more time, most people, most work, such men, such bread, other men, other bread.不定量限定词less原先只与不可数名词搭配,但在现代英语中,less既可与不可数名词也可与复数名词搭配.例如：less money, less mistakes.2 限定词与限定词的搭配关系以上讲的是限定词与三类名词的搭配关系.除上述搭配关系外,限定词与限定词之间还存在着一定的搭配关系.在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定词出现时,就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题.按其不同的搭配位置,限定词可分为：1〕中位、前位、后位限定词按照限定词与限定词之间不同搭配位置,限定词可分为中位限定词（CENTRAL DETERMINER〕、前位限定词（PREDETERMINER〕和后位限定词（POSTDETERMINER〕.a) 中位限定词包括a(n), the, zero; this, that, these, those; my, your, etc; Merry's, my friend's; some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough; what(ever), which(ever), whose等b) 前位限定词包括all, both, half; double, twice, three times, etc; one-third, two-fifths, etc; what, such, (a / an)等c) 后位限定词包括one, two, three, etc; first, second, third, etc; next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest, less, (the) least, more, most; several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of; such等2) 三类限定词的搭配关系如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照"前位－－中位－－后位"的顺序排列.例如：all前the中four后teachers.all前your中three后books.all前these中last后few后days.如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按上述顺序.例如：half前his中lecture.those中last后few后months.several后hundred后guests.all前other后students.such前a中misfortune.some中such后alloy.由上述诸例可以看出,中位限定词之间和前位限定词之间是互相排拆的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位限定词.所以,"我的那本书"不是* my that book 而是that book of mine,因为my和that同是中位限定词,不可同时并列.但后位限定词的使用却不受此限.除上述those last few months, several hundred guests之外, this last two books, the first two chapters, three other girls, two more sheets, the next few weeks, many more copies, a few more samples, another twenty tons 等都是后位限定词重叠使用的实例.个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属于前位限定词,又可归入后位限定词.由于它只是在such a...和such an...这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其他限定词(some, any, no, all, few, another, other, many, one, two, etc)搭配时,such则是后位限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如some such, any such, nosuch, few such, one such等。
外教一对一限定词的用法限定词是在名词短语中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
限定词总是位于名词中心词之前。
当与作前置修饰语的形容词同时修饰一个名词中心词时，要位于形容词之前。
一、限定词的形式限定词有以下形式：冠词(如： a, an, the, 零冠词)、物主限定词(如：my, their, its, his, her, our, your)、名词所有格(如：John’s, my friend’s等)、指示限定词(如：this, that, these, those, such)、关系限定词(如：whose, which, whichever, whoever 等)、疑问限定词(如：what, which, whichever等)、连接限定词(如：what, whatever, whose, whosever等)、不定限定词(如：no, some, all, another等)、数词(如：one, second, third等)、表示倍数和分数的词(如：double, twice, one-third等)、开放性量词(如：a lot of, plenty of等)。
二、限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词的选择取决于其后的名词是单数名词、复数名词，还是不可数名词。
1. 能与三类名词搭配的限定词有the，any，some，no，what，which，whose，数词，物主限定词以及名词所有格。
2. 只能与单数可数名词搭配的限定词有each, a(n)，every，another，either，neither，one，such a(n)，many a(n)等。
3. 只能与复数可数名词搭配的限定词有these, those, several，both，(a) few, many, a great number of, three等。
4. 只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词有much, (a) little, a great / good deal of, a great amount of等。
限定词的具体分类和用法详解限定词一般指修饰名词，具有限定和限制specifying 的作用，精确指定某物的范围，或与句子的其他成分的关系，从而对话语的完整性、准确性有重要影响。
可分为定冠词、不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词等。
一、定冠词定冠词又称固定冠词，一般用来限定某一具体的人或事，或特指某一个人、某一件事，这类冠词一般有the、this、that、these、those 等。
1.the 的功能非常多，有时用作介词，表示“把……放到……的(上、里、中)”，如：We put the bottle on the table. 我们把瓶子放到桌上。
其用作冠词做定语常见的情况有：(1) 下列情况下，一般不可用形容词性定语：代名词、指示代词、物主代词等可以被the 所修饰。
He opened the door and went in. 他打开了那扇门走了进去。
This is the room where the accident happened. 这是发生事故的房间。
(2) 当某事物只有一个，或某个范畴只有一个代表性的人或物时，可以用the 来作定语。
2.this、that、these、those，作定语有下列用法：(1)this、that 指示距离说话者近远的事物，this 表示“这”，that 表示“那”，如：I bought this coat a month ago. 我一个月前买的这件外衣。
That car needs a new engine. 那辆车需要换个新发动机。
These flowers are very beautiful. 这些花很漂亮。
Those books are in the classroom. 那些书放在教室里。
不定冠词又称不限定冠词，一般用来限定所指范围被看做未定的人或物，或限定所指多种可能。
不定冠词一般有a、an 和some 等，是定冠词的反义词。
1.a 和an 的用法如下：(1)a 用于以元音音素(a、e、i、o、u) 开头的单数可数名词前，而an 则用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前。
英语中的五种限定词在英语中，有五种常见的限定词，它们分别是冠词、指示代词、形容词、副词和数量词。
这些限定词有着重要的作用，它们能帮助我们更准确、更清晰地表达意思。
首先，冠词是最基本的限定词之一。
它们分为两种，即定冠词和不定冠词。
定冠词是“the”，用于特定的人、事物或场合。
例如，“the sun”（太阳）、“the moon”（月亮）、“the United States”（美国）等等。
不定冠词则是“a”或“an”，用于泛指或未知的人、事物或数量。
例如，“a book”（一本书）、“an apple”（一个苹果）等等。
冠词的使用可以帮助我们更准确地表达所需要的信息。
其次，指示代词是另一种常见的限定词。
它们用于指出特定的人或事物，它们分为两种，即近指代词和远指代词。
近指代词包括“this”和“these”，用于指出靠近说话者的人或事物，例如，“this book”（这本书）、“these apples”（这些苹果）等等。
远指代词包括“that”和“those”，用于指出远离说话者的人或事物，例如，“that house”（那栋房子）、“those mountains”（那些山）等等。
指示代词的使用可以帮助我们在交流中更加清晰。
第三，形容词是一种用于描述名词的限定词。
它们可以用来描述人、事物、地点等等。
形容词的作用是让描述更加详细、准确。
例如，“beautiful”（美丽的）、“spacious”（宽敞的）等等。
形容词的使用可以让我们更加生动地描绘所描述的对象。
第四，副词也是一种常见的限定词。
与形容词不同，它们用于描述动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子的词。
它们可以用来表达时间、地点、方式等等，例如，“slowly”（缓慢地）、“quickly”（快速地）、“here”（这里）等等。
副词的使用可以让我们更加清晰地描述行为或状态。
最后，数量词是用于描述数量或数字的限定词。
它们可以用于描述数量，例如，“one”（1）、“two”（2）等等。
限定词（Determiners）（一）概述：限定词是对名词词组中心词起特指或泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
限定词包括冠词、不定代词、指示代词、名词或代词所有格、数词与某些形容词性的物主代词。
（二）限定词包括哪些：①冠词：a, an, the②形容词性物主代词：my, your, her, his, our, their, one’s, its③指示代词：this, that, these, those④不定代词：all, both, one, any, some, no, another, either, neither, and est.⑤形容词：every, each, such, next, last, other, and est.⑥副词：twice, three, times, double, and est.⑦数词：one, two, three, first, second, one-third, and est.⑧名词的S所有格：Mary’s, China’s, teacher’s, and est.⑨量词短语：a lot of, a bit of, a number of, a great deal of, plenty of, and est.例如：The building has an emergency exit on every floor.冠词的用法：（1）定冠词（the）的用法：a. 用于单数名词前，代表某一类人或物。
例如：--This is easier for the teacher than for the student.--The whale is in danger of becoming extinct.--The compass was invented in ancient China.b. 用于指世上独一无二的东西，如The sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the universe, the outer space, the world, the globe, the atmosphere等。
