中考总复习专题——名词

名词1. 名词语法的基本框架2.名词语境辨析3.名词的正确形式填空4.名词词组填空5.名词在句子中运用6.名词语篇填空1名词语法基本框架名词的数名词的所有格名词单复数的判断1.如何判定是可数名词还是不可数名词①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如：desk,desks；②可数名词前面可以被基数词,不定冠词（a/an）,many修饰,如：three boys,an apple, many students。

2.如何判定是不可数名词①不可数名词没有复数形式,如：tea,meat；②不可数名词,若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如：a piece of paper, two cups of tea。

3. 常见的名词修饰词①只修饰可数名词的修饰语few 几乎没有a few 有几个several 有几个many 很多a couple of 两个a number of 若干a great/large number of 许多②只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少,几乎没有a little有一点儿much很多a good/great deal of很多a bit of有一点儿a large amount of大量的③既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some 一些a lot of 很多lots of 很多plenty of 充足的enough 足够的most 大多数的hardly any 几乎没有the rest of 剩下的名词拓展1.voice, noise, soundvoice指人的说话声或唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”;noise是“吵闹声、噪音”,指不悦耳的声音;sound指自然界中的任何声音。

2.work与jobwork是不可数名词,指需花费体力和脑力的工作;job是可数名词,多指“零工”或“短工”。

例:a part-time job一份兼职工作;out of work 失业3.family, home, housefamily强调整体,指“家、家庭”时,谓语动词用单数;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数;不用于指住房。

1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。

例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。

（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。

（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。

（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。

可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。

可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。

不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。

2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。

例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。

例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。

例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。

例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。

第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。

二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。

如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。

如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。

5. Your mother cooks nice __________. I like it very much.A. breadB. beefsC. eggsD. dumplings6.-How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games? -Why not search the Internet?A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success7.______ about the sports meeting make us excited.A. NewsB. InformationC. MessagesD. Advice8.The Belt and Road initiative(一带一路倡议) will help China improve ______ with lots of countries.A. relationshipB. agreementC. environmentD. progress3.名词的所有格: 在英语中,有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词,常在词尾加's 表示所属关系,叫做名词的所有格。

翻译成:"的"。

如:Tom's bike (汤姆的单车)。

名词的所有格例词、例句①直接在词尾加's Kate's bag, Children's Day, Women's Day②以s结尾的名词所有格,在词尾加' Teachers' Day, students' books③表示两人共同拥有的人或物,在后一个人名后加's Lucy and Lily's mother (共同的妈妈)④表示两人分别拥有的人或物,则两个人名后都要加's Tom's and Jim's rooms (各自的房间)⑤表某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时,所有格后面的名词常常省略at the doctor's(在医务室); at Tom's (在汤姆的家)⑥表示无生命名词的所有格,用of 表达the door of the room, the color of the clothes⑦双重所有格:用's所有格/名词性物主代词与of 所有格相结合。

2023年中考英语专题复习——名词（不可数名词）一、单选题1．Many medical workers are too busy to have lunch. Can we send some ___________________ to them?A．apple B．water C．bread D．egg2．It's not good to make___________ of her.A．wrong B．fun C．bad D．funny3．Give me three bottles of________. please.A．orange juices B．orange juice C．oranges4．—Are the family ___ of the boy?—Certainly. He's the family's___.A．proud, proud B．proud, pride C．pride, pride D．pride, proud 5．—Can I help you?—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing.A．a few informations B．a little informationsC．a little information D．a few information6．His cat's _____ made him ____ sad.A．dead; feeling B．death; feel C．died; feel7．After many year's ________, she realized her dream of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.A．hard work B．work hard C．hard-working D．working hardly 8．He began to feel _____________ because of his serious ___________.A．hopeful; ill B．hopeless; illnessC．hope; illness D．hopeless; ill9．There are many websites on the Internet and there__________ a lot of useful__________ on the websites.A．are; informations B．are; informationC．is; information D．is; informations10．How ________ she was to have the ________ to visit Shanghai!A．fortune; fortunate B．fortune; fortuneC．fortunate; fortune D．fortunately; fortune11．You can get much about the famous singer on the Internet.A．ticket B．map C．information D．picture12．Could you please me some ?A．give; advice B．giving; advicesC．give; advices D．to give; advice13．Spending too much playing computer games is bad for your .A．time; eye B．time; eyes C．times; eyes14．I can't believe the ___________ of that story.A．true B．truth C．truly D．truely15．Li Ming's cat last year, but when he thinks of its , he still feels sad.A．has died;die B．died;dying C．died;dead D．died;death 16．The old man________ cancer. His ________made us very sad.A．died from, dead B．died of, dyingC．died from, dying D．died of, death17．Can you give me some ______ on vacation sports?A．advice B．advices C．suggestion D．thinks18．Mrs Green gave us ______ on how to do it well.A．some advices B．many advices C．some advice D．an advice 19．Whenever I have any________/'dɪfɪkəlti/, I'll ask my parents for help first.A．discussion B．different C．difficulty D．difficult 20．Tony doesn't work hard because he hasn't realized the___________ of study.A．importance B．decision C．result D．project21．— I forgot to bring my notebook here. Could you please lend me two __________________, Linda?— OK, here you are.A．paper B．papersC．piece of paper D．pieces of paper22．—The new high-speed train "Fu Xing" ran at the speed of 350km/h .—Great! China has been had great in building the high-speed railway.A．successful; success B．successfully; successesC．successful; successes D．successfully; success23．I think that you have made rapid _____ in math.A．a progress B．progress C．progresses D．progressed24．I think that you have made such rapid __________ in maths.A．a progress B．progress C．progresses D．progressed 25．He is hungry. Give him ______to eat.A．two breads B．two piece of bread C．two pieces of bread26．—He is a successful businessman. After many years of hard work, he has lots of _________ now.—But he lives a simple life. He often gives his money to help students in poor places.A．wealth B．energy C．time27．The wounded man was covered with _________.A．blood B．bleed C．blooded D．bloods 28．There's little _______________ in the fridge. Let's go and buy some for breakfast.A．potato B．egg C．bread D．tomato 29．The children have ________________ for dinner every day.A．much fish B．many fish C．much fishes D．many fishes 30．— What happened this morning?— A woman was found in her house. She was attacked with a knife and bled to .A．dead; died B．dead; death C．death; died D．died; death答案解析部分一、单选题1．Many medical workers are too busy to have lunch. Can we send some ___________________ to them?A．apple B．water C．bread D．egg【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：许多医务人员太忙了而不能吃午餐。

中考复习专项（一）——名词1.(2020·湖北恩施中考)Wuhan, one of the most important ______ in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.A．cities B．citys C．city2.(2020·云南昆明中考)A 12-year-old boy from Hunan invented a new kind of window because of his ______. The window can prevent children from falling out.A . communication B．celebration C．honest D．creativity3.(2020·辽宁丹东中考)—Jim, I have ______ in finishing so much work.—Don't worry. I can help you.A．ability B．success C．experience D．difficulty4.(2020·甘肃天水中考)Lily is a friend of ______.A．Mary's mother's B．Mary's mother's ofC．Mary mother's D．mother's of Mary5.(2020·湖北孝感中考)—Do you know Liu Hui finally entered a top school?—Certainly. That's the ______ of his hard work.A．habit B．suggestion C．result D．decision思考并总结：中考真题中关于名词的考点主要有哪些？你觉得自己哪一部分最需要加强？请在下述思维导图中用红笔重点标出自己的易错点并分享出来。