2018上海普陀二模英语高三试卷及答案

普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研参考答案I. ListeningSection A1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D C B D DSection B11-13 C A D 14-16 B B D 17-20 A D B AII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21. on 22. to serve 23. that 24. involved 25. what26. had become 27. where 28. them 29. but 30. have been foundSection B31-35 E J K B A D I G H CIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-45 CDABD 46-50 ABDAC 51-55 CBABCSection B56-59 C D B B 60-62 CA C 63-66 C B C DSection C67-70 D A F BIV. Summary WritingFor Reference：A study shows if a person has a good short-term memory he is likely to feel bored quickly. Assuming memories of past experience may influence the different rates at which some people feel fed up, two researchers conducted a test, relating students’ memory capacity to their performance, and got the result. The findings may apply to marketing, self-controlling and educating. (60)评分标准：评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。

2018年上海市普陀区中考英语二模试卷一、Listening comprehension （听力理解）（共30 分）1．（ 6.00分）1．2．3．4．5．6．2．（1.00分）A．By car．B．By underground．C．By bus．D．By bike．3．（1.00分）A．A cook．B．A doctor．C．An engineer．D．An actor．4．（1.00分）A．The dirty streets．B．The busy city life．C．The bad weather．D．The poor bus services．5．（1.00分）A．Mother and son．B．Husband and wife．C．Teacher and student．D．Customer and clerk．6．（1.00分）A．Nice trips．B．Favourite sports．C．Public places．D．Healthy drinks．7．（1.00分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the library．C．At the supermarket．D．At the post office．8．（1.00分）A．See a film．B．Make a pizza．C．Read a book．D．Finish a book review．9．（1.00分）A．Tim went to the library to have a talk with Moly．B．Moly missed the art lessons in the afternoon．C．The monitor organized a discussion about the spring outing．D．The two speakers had a meeting on the art projects．10．（6.00分）（1）Sara used to buy lottery tickets （彩票）and could always win some money．（2）Once Sara won ￥55million and was suddenly known by many people．（3）Over 200people sent Sara e﹣mails to ask for suggestions about how to win lottery tickets．（4）Sara moved to another town in order to keep away from the news reporters．（5）Sara set up a group to help poor students start their business after college．（6）Sara is famous because she has done some good things with the money she has．11．（10.00分）（1）Two robbers entered a hotel on the night of a Monday．（2）The robbers took the money from the hotel's safe and．（3）Then the robbers went into a and robbed some money there．（4）The robbers were both wearing and blue jeans．（5）The hotel staff and the repairman（修理工）said the robberswere．二、Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）12．（1.00分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．This tea table is for sale．B．Mark will plan for a trip to Hong Kong．C．Where's my school bag？D．We usually have some noodles for lunch．13．（1.00分）Many schools provide free lessons for students to play ________ football in the afternoon．（）A．the B．/ C．a D．an14．（1.00分）The manager was angry ________ Morris because he sent e﹣mails to the wrong customer again．（）A．at B．to C．with D．from15．（1.00分）We should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams （）A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves16．（1.00分）Turn the heat down，_______ the food in the pot will burn．（）A．and B．so C．but D．or17．（1.00分）﹣Which pair of jeans do you prefer，the one with the blue belt or the one with the red belt？﹣________．I like the one with the brown belt．（）A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither18．（1.00分）Have ________ try and maybe you will find a proper solution．（）A．another B．the other C．other D．others19．（1.00分）The first snow came _______ than usual in our hometown this year．（）A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the easiest20．（1.00分）Jill likes her new neighborhood because most people here greet others with a ______ smile．（）A．lovely B．happily C．politely D．beautifully21．（1.00分）The company didn't stop improving this new machine ________ it worked well．（）A．if B．unless C．until D．after22．（1.00分）We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business．（）A．flies B．had flown C．has flown D．would fly23．（1.00分）Many leaders ________ to attend the Closing Ceremony（闭幕式）of Winter Olympics in February，2018．（）A．be invited B．were invitedC．will be invited D．have been invited24．（1.00分）All the members of the team hope ________ a wonderful result of the project．（）A．had B．have C．to have D．having25．（1.00分）The girl practiced ________ the piano for three hours every day to win the contest．（）A．play B．plays C．to play D．playing26．（1.00分）Rose and Minnie ________ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank．（）A．knows B．know C．have known D．had known27．（1.00分）Kevin ________ in his room when the big fire broke out．（）A．sleep B．slept C．was sleeping D．will sleep28．（1.00分）﹣________ people are coming to the party？﹣About 40．（）A．How many B．How soon C．How far D．How long29．（1.00分）Wendy________ join our school football team next term，but she is not very sure．（）A．should B．may C．must D．need30．（1.00分）﹣The sun shines brightly．Why not go out for a walk in the school garden？﹣________（）A．Good idea． B．That's all right．C．Not at all．D．Thank you very much．31．（1.00分）﹣Would you like me to bring you a cup of tea？﹣________（）A．Yes，I'd like to．B．It's a pleasure．C．Yes，please．D．It doesn't matter．三、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4.00分）A．Even if B．familiar C．spare D．In fact E nervous You may not know a lot of people when you start high school．This really makes you feel （1）because you don't know who to talk to when you have problems．（2）you know some freshmen（新生），you still feel worried that you don't know any elder students and teachers．How are you going to make friends with these unknown people？（3），most high schools hold a freshman training before school actually starts．These are helpful because you learn your way around the buildings．You also get to meet some of your teachers and other freshmen．That way，you may already recognize a few（4）faces when you go to school on your first day．33．（4.00分）A．support B．clubs C．friendships D．expect E．awardsWhen you talk to people in the training camp，you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are．They're all new to the school and don't know what to（1）．Talking about a common interest with your classmates can help you develop（2）．The work in high school sometimes worries freshmen a lot．The work in high school gives you more knowledge of many subjects．So you may find it's a bit more challenging．If you ever find your work too difficult，teachers can （3）you．High school also has more after﹣school activities，such as music and theatregroups，sports teams and（4）．This is a good chance to learn how to be more independent．It is also a good time to develop your interests and try new things．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分）34．（1.00分）Many people buy nice as presents for their friends．（watch）35．（1.00分）Jessie is learning to cook for though she is only seven years old．（her）36．（1.00分）The government should be for the food safety to protect citizens．（responsibility）37．（1.00分）My cousin's flat is on the floor with a good view of the neighbourhood．（ten）38．（1.00分）High﹣speed train is a great to help people travel easily between big cities．（invent）39．（1.00分）This new test will doctors to find the disease as early as possible．（able）40．（1.00分）This is a place to see various birds，but it's still to see such a huge one here．（usual）41．（1.00分）Robots will do some jobs in place of workers in the coming years．（possible）五、Complete the following sentences as required （根据所给要求完成句子．）（共14分）42．（2.00分）The girl baked a nice cake for her mother yesterday．（改为一般疑问句）the girl a nice cake for her mother yesterday？43．（2.00分）Rony needs 3，000 dollars if he wants to buy the second﹣hand machine．（对划线部分提问）does Rony need if he wants to buy the second﹣hand machine？44．（2.00分）The kids reviewed the story several times before they gave the performance．（保持句意基本不变）The kids the story several times before they gave the performance．45．（2.00分）Nancy told us an interesting story yesterday．（改为感叹句）interesting story Nancy told us last night!46．（2.00分）"Can you book a room in Dragon Hotel on line for me？" Jane asked Peter．（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Jane asked Peter he book a room in Dragon Hotel on line for her．47．（2.00分）They wash the buses of the company twice a week．（改为被动语态）The buses of the company twice a week．48．（2.00分）it，solve the problem，to，is，without any help，hard （连词成句）．六、Reading Comprehension （阅读理解）（共50分）49．（12.00分）The university students begin their summer holiday today．They are making their holiday plans．1．Grace wants to take some special pictures with her parents before celebrating her twentieth birthday next week．2．Peter needs to ．3．Tom wants to find a part﹣time job at weekends to earn some money for his study．4．Jenny is too fat．She knows it's not good for her health and wants to take more exercise．5．Linda is interested in playing the violin and wants to get someone to teach her face to face．The following are what they have read in today's newspaper．*Greenland Sports GroundOpen next week from 6：20a．m．to 8：30p．m．Price：￥3per hour （￥7per hour for those over 60 ）Tel：68886888*City MuseumThere are 120，000pieces on show here．You can see the whole of local history under one roof．There are also lots of mummies and more gold than you've ever seen before．Time：Monday ﹣Friday 9：00a．m．﹣5：00p．m．，Weekends 9：00a．m．﹣9：00p．m．Ticket：￥20 （￥10for students）Tel：23455884*Star Photo shopPhotos for all purposes are taken here with half price for family photos．Time ：Monday ﹣Friday 8：30a．m．﹣8：30p．m．，Weekends 9：00a．m．﹣10：00p．m．Price：￥60/set ﹣￥180/setTel：32045302*Scottish dancingTake your partners and get ready to dance till you drop．Scottish dancing is fun and easy to learn．Place：Jack Stein's Time：every Tuesday 7：00p．m．﹣0：00p．m．Price：￥60including one drink Tel：67099868*Part﹣time job offeredDo you want to have a chance to communicate with those who do shopping？If so，you may contact Moonlight Bookshop，for two shop assistants are wanted here．Time ：Saturday & Sunday 10：00a．m．﹣8：00p．m．Tel：52310032*Help from a music teacherDo you want to improve your violin skills？Just bring your own instrument toM&D MusicCentre and start to learn at your own speed after a small test．Time：Wednesday & Friday 7：00p．m．﹣8：30p．m．Price：￥40 （￥20for students）Tel：28335661（1）Grace may be interested in the information about．A．Star Photo shopB．Greenland Sports GroundC．Scottish dancingD．Help from a music teacher（2）What can be filled in the "" for Peter if he is interested in City Museum？A．learn about goldB．finish history homeworkC．make a travel planD．know more local people（3）Tom may work as a for a part﹣time job．A．dancerB．teacherC．shop assistantD．violin player（4）Jenny needs to pay per hour if she wants to get more physical exercise．A．￥3B．￥7C．￥10D．￥20（5）Linda needs to if she wants to get a face﹣to﹣face trainer．A．call 67099868to get more informationB．attend lessons at weekendsC．tell the training centre about her levelD．take a small test first（6）The students have probably found the information they need on the page．A．newsB．sportsC．businessD．advertisement50．（12.00分）When my daughter，Sophie，was admitted to a college we were very happy，but a little worried about becoming empty nesters（空巢老人）．I knew I had to do something，starting with the summer before she was away from home．Sophie had a pack of colourful blouses．I knew she wouldn't wear them anymore，so I decided to make a quilt（被子）out of them．I tried to work on the quilt when Sophie （1）﹣which turned out to be often．She was very busy with her friends．Even when she was at home，her door was shut more than usual．This made me feel a bit hurt．（2），we didn't have much time together before she went to college．When we arrived at the college，a wave of emotion flooded me．Sophie saw it in my face．She took a beautiful （3）from her bag．"I made this for you，Mom，" she said．Then I knew why she had been staying behind a （4）door that summer．It was an album of photographs recording the life of our family over the last 17years．I broke into tears．Some of it was sadness at having to let her go，but some of it was （5）．I knew that our connection was more（6）than ever as we would always be connected by the strongest link，the love that went into every stitch（针脚）of her quilt and every photo in my album．In Sophie's dormitory room I unfolded the quilt on her bed．For a moment she was speechless．Then she threw her arms around me．"Mom，I love you，" she said．One of her new friends was calling her outside．Sophie turned，and I let her go．（1）A．felt tired B．went out C．had time D．fell asleep （2）A．By the way B．What's more C．For example D．After all（3）A．model B．dress C．book D．card（4）A．heavy B．broken C．closed D．narrow （5）A．joy B．surprise C．desire D．fear（6）A．important B．powerful C．serious D．difficult51．（14.00分）When children play games，they don't need a referee（裁判）．They have their own rules in playing games．They seldom find it necessary to keep scores because they don't worry about who wins or loses．They even don't （1）c if the game is not finished．Yet，they like games that depend a lot on luck，so that their （2）a are not so important．They also enjoy games that move in stages in which they choose leaders and pick up sides．Grown﹣ups （3）r find children's games exciting，and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again．However，it is found that a child plays games for some important（4）r He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a （5）u partner to someone who is more popular in real life．When it is his turn to be the leader，everyone follows his orders．This makes him feel more （6）c．It seems that when children play a game，they （7）i a situation under their control．Unlike real life，in this situation they make the rules themselves，and more importantly，everyone plays according to the rules．Those rules may be childish，but they make sure that every child has a chance to win．52．（12.00分）Donna Reid had just finished her training as a children's doctor．A famous research hospital in New York had offered her a job with good pay．And her boyfriend，Tony，had a clinic in their hometown and hoped she could work with him．At the same time，a small hospital，Backwoods Hospital，in a very poor area had also offered Donna a position．Now it was time for her to decide where to work．Dad：Donna，that research hospital in New York has a good reputation for children's medicine．Some of the best children's doctors in the country work there and you can learn a lot from them．Mom：Yes，I agree it's a good hospital and the pay is good，too．But，that's not the point．Dad：Then what's the point？Mom：It's in New York，too far away! Let me tell you what，dear Donna．Tony's clinic is just several blocks away．You don't need to travel far if you work there．Tony is a nice young man and I guess you'll get married soon．Dad：Ha! It's hard enough to live with a husband or wife．Working with them，too？That's a choice for trouble．Well，Donna，what do you think？Donna：I'm thinking about accepting the offer from Backwoods Hospital．Dad：But Donna，look at their offer! You'll be on call six days a week，24hours a day．That's really a hard job．Mom：Oh，Donna，the pay is another problem．Donna：It isn't a dead﹣end job，Mom and Dad．But anyway，I didn't．Dad：No？Then why did you become a doctor？Donna：I want to help people．You know that．And Backwoods serves a very poor and needy population．Backwoods，here I come!（1）How many choices did Donna have？．（2）Where did Dad suggest Donna work？．（3）Why did Dad think Donna could learn a lot in the place he suggested？．（4）According to Mom，what was the advantage if Donna worked in Tony's clinic？Donna could．（5）What did the parents worry about when Donna said she wanted to work in Backwoods？．（6）What could be filled in the blank to complete the sentence for Donna？I didn't．七、Writing （作文）（共20分）53．（20.00分）Write at least 60words on the topic "When I have trouble with my best friend"【以"我与好朋友闹矛盾后"为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格】提示：生活中好友间也会因各种原因闹些小矛盾，当你与朋友间产生不愉快后，你会如何处理此类问题呢？请就此话题谈谈你的做法以及这样做的理由，可结合自身经历进行阐述．（注意：短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分．）2018年上海市普陀区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Listening comprehension （听力理解）（共30 分）1．（ 6.00分）1．略2．略3．略4．略5．略6．略【分析】略【解答】略2．（1.00分）A．By car．B．By underground．C．By bus．D．By bike．【分析】略【解答】略3．（1.00分）A．A cook．B．A doctor．C．An engineer．D．An actor．【分析】略【解答】略4．（1.00分）A．The dirty streets．B．The busy city life．C．The bad weather．D．The poor bus services．【分析】略【解答】略5．（1.00分）A．Mother and son．B．Husband and wife．C．Teacher and student．D．Customer and clerk．【分析】略【解答】略6．（1.00分）A．Nice trips．B．Favourite sports．C．Public places．D．Healthy drinks．【分析】略【解答】略7．（1.00分）A．At the restaurant．B．At the library．C．At the supermarket．D．At the post office．【分析】略【解答】略8．（1.00分）A．See a film．B．Make a pizza．C．Read a book．D．Finish a book review．【分析】略【解答】略9．（1.00分）A．Tim went to the library to have a talk with Moly．B．Moly missed the art lessons in the afternoon．C．The monitor organized a discussion about the spring outing．D．The two speakers had a meeting on the art projects．【分析】略【解答】略10．（6.00分）（1）Sara used to buy lottery tickets （彩票）and could always win some money．略（2）Once Sara won ￥55million and was suddenly known by many people．略（3）Over 200people sent Sara e﹣mails to ask for suggestions about how to win lottery tickets．略（4）Sara moved to another town in order to keep away from the news reporters．略（5）Sara set up a group to help poor students start their business after college．略（6）Sara is famous because she has done some good things with the money she has．略【分析】略【解答】略11．（10.00分）（1）Two robbers entered a hotel on the night of a Monday略略．（2）The robbers took the money from the hotel's safe and略略．（3）Then the robbers went into a略略and robbed some money there．（4）The robbers were both wearing略略and blue jeans．（5）The hotel staff and the repairman（修理工）said the robbers were略略．【分析】略【解答】略二、Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）12．（1.00分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．This tea table is for sale．B．Mark will plan for a trip to Hong Kong．C．Where's my school bag？D．We usually have some noodles for lunch．【分析】下面哪个下划线部分发音不同？【解答】考查语音．A这张茶几待售sale[seil]．B马克将计划去香港旅行plan[plæn]．C我的书包在哪里bag[bæɡ]？D我们午餐通常吃面条have[hæv]．A 选项划线部分发/ei/．B，C，D选项划线部分发/æ/．因此划线部分发音不同的一项是A．故选：A．13．（1.00分）Many schools provide free lessons for students to play ________ football in the afternoon．（）A．the B．/ C．a D．an【分析】许多学校在下午为学生提供免费的足球课．【解答】考查冠词．句意"许多学校在下午为学生提供免费的足球课．"．play+球类，中间不加冠词．故选：B．14．（1.00分）The manager was angry ________ Morris because he sent e﹣mails to the wrong customer again．（）A．at B．to C．with D．from【分析】经理对莫里斯很生气，因为他又给错误的客户发了电子邮件．【解答】考查动词短语．at在几点或小地点．to到…with和…from来自…句意"经理对莫里斯很生气，因为他又给错误的客户发了电子邮件．"．be angry with sb 对某人生气．固定搭配．故选：C．15．（1.00分）We should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams （）A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves【分析】我们应该努力学习，尽我们最大努力实现我们的梦想．【解答】根据语境推测句意是"我们应该努力学习，尽我们最大努力实现我们的梦想．"，此处考查固定短语try one's best ，所以填形容词性物主代词．故选：B．16．（1.00分）Turn the heat down，_______ the food in the pot will burn．（）A．and B．so C．but D．or【分析】把热度调低，不然锅里的食物就要烧了．【解答】and，并且，表并列关系；so，因此表结果；but但是，表转折；or，否则，或者，表选择；此题根据语境把热度调低，不然锅里的食物就要烧了．否则是or．故选：D．17．（1.00分）﹣Which pair of jeans do you prefer，the one with the blue belt or the one with the red belt？﹣________．I like the one with the brown belt．（）A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither【分析】你更喜欢哪条牛仔裤，那条蓝色带的还是红腰带的？﹣我两个都不喜欢．我喜欢棕色皮带的那个．【解答】both两个都；all三个或三个以上都；none没有，表示量；neither，两个都不；此题根据语境"你更喜欢哪条牛仔裤，那条蓝色带的还是红腰带的？﹣我两个都不喜欢．我喜欢棕色皮带的那个．"两个都不是neither．故选：D．18．（1.00分）Have ________ try and maybe you will find a proper solution．（）A．another B．the other C．other D．others【分析】再试一次，也许你会找到一个合适的解决办法．【解答】首先明确选项中出现的单词的意思和用法：another"另一个"（三者或三者以上中的另一个）；the other"其他的/两者中的另一个"；other"其他的"（形容词，修饰可数名词复数）；others"其他人"（是一个代词）．故选：A．19．（1.00分）The first snow came _______ than usual in our hometown this year．（）A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the easiest【分析】今年的第一场雪比我们家乡的来得早．【解答】根据The first snow came _______ than usual in our hometown this year，这里句子中有than，判断句子使用比较级形式．故选：B．20．（1.00分）Jill likes her new neighborhood because most people here greet others with a ______ smile．（）A．lovely B．happily C．politely D．beautifully【分析】Jill喜欢她的新街坊，因为这里大多数人问候别人时带着令人愉快的微笑．【解答】首先明确选项中每个单词意思，A：令人愉快的（形容词）；B：快乐地（副词）；C：有礼貌地（副词）；D：美丽地（副词）；根据题干结合推测设空处句子的句意是"Jill喜欢她的新街坊，因为这里大多数人问候别人时带着令人愉快的微笑．"，设空处修饰名词，用形容词，由此判断句子中缺少"令人愉快的"一词．故选：A．21．（1.00分）The company didn't stop improving this new machine ________ itworked well．（）A．if B．unless C．until D．after【分析】公司一直在改进这台新机器，直到它运转良好为止．【解答】if 如果，引导条件状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until 直到；引导时间转语从句，一般用于结构not …until 中；after在…之后，引导时间转语从句；此题根据语境"公司一直在改进这台新机器，直到它运转良好为止．"直到是until．故选：C．22．（1.00分）We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business．（）A．flies B．had flown C．has flown D．would fly【分析】我们想知道是否朱迪下周要去澳大利亚出差．【解答】根据句意"我们想知道朱迪是否下周要去澳大利亚出差．"以及时间状语next week，可知要用将来时，再根据主句的谓语是过去式，可知要用过去将来时．A是一般现在时，B过去完成时．C现在完成时．故选：D．23．（1.00分）Many leaders ________ to attend the Closing Ceremony（闭幕式）of Winter Olympics in February，2018．（）A．be invited B．were invitedC．will be invited D．have been invited【分析】许多领导人被邀请参加2018年2月冬奥会闭幕式．【解答】根据时间状语为in February，2018故确定句子的时态为一般过去时态，主语many leaders是谓语动词invite的承受者二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故谓语动词为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构为was/were+过去分词，主语many leaders 是复数，故助动词为were，故填入were told．故选：B．24．（1.00分）All the members of the team hope ________ a wonderful result of the project．（）A．had B．have C．to have D．having【分析】团队全体成员都希望这个项目能有一个好的结果．【解答】根据All the members of the team hope ________ a wonderful result of the project．可知句子考查hope to do sth表示希望做某事．故选：C．25．（1.00分）The girl practiced ________ the piano for three hours every day to win the contest．（）A．play B．plays C．to play D．playing【分析】这个女孩每天练习弹钢琴三个小时以赢得比赛．【解答】根据The girl practiced ________ the piano for three hours every day to win the contest．可知句子考查practice doing sth表示练习做某事．故选：D．26．（1.00分）Rose and Minnie ________ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank．（）A．knows B．know C．have known D．had known【分析】罗斯和明妮在同一个银行工作之前，他们已经彼此认识了．【解答】根据句意"罗斯和明妮在同一个银行工作之前，他们已经彼此认识了．"以及before 引导的时间状语从句可知，从句用的是一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时．A是一般现在时．B一般现在时．C现在完成时．D过去完成时．故选：D．27．（1.00分）Kevin ________ in his room when the big fire broke out．（）A．sleep B．slept C．was sleeping D．will sleep【分析】当大火突然发生的时候，Kevin在房间里睡觉．【解答】结合语境推测句意是"当大火突然发生的时候，Kevin在房间里睡觉．"，判断设空处的动作在过去某个时间段内正在进行着，且动作在一段时间内持续进行，所以用过去进行时，过去进行时的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词．故选：C．28．（1.00分）﹣________ people are coming to the party？﹣About 40．（）A．How many B．How soon C．How far D．How long【分析】有多少人来参加晚会？大约四十人．【解答】考查数量．A．How many多少，提问数量；B．How soon多久，提问时间；C．How far多远，提问距离；D．How long多久，提问时间段．根据题干About 40．可知问的是数量．故选：A．29．（1.00分）Wendy________ join our school football team next term，but she is not very sure．（）A．should B．may C．must D．need【分析】Wendy可能下个学期加入我们校足球队，但是她现在不确定．【解答】结合选项可知本题考查情态动词，首先明确选项中每个单词的意思：A：应该；B：可能；C：必须；D：需要；结合题干but she is not very sure推测句意是"Wendy可能下个学期加入我们校足球队，但是她现在不确定．"，所以may 符合句意，故选：B．30．（1.00分）﹣The sun shines brightly．Why not go out for a walk in the school garden？﹣________（）A．Good idea． B．That's all right．C．Not at all．D．Thank you very much．【分析】太阳明晃晃地照耀着大地．为什么不出去在学校的花园里散步呢？好主意．【解答】考查情境对话．A．Good idea．好主意；B．That's all right．没关系；C．Not at all．不客气；D．Thank you very much．非常感谢．根据题干The sun shines brightly．Why not go out for a walk in the school garden？可知应说好主意．故选：A．31．（1.00分）﹣Would you like me to bring you a cup of tea？﹣________（）A．Yes，I'd like to．B．It's a pleasure．C．Yes，please．D．It doesn't matter．【分析】你想让我给你端杯茶吗？好的，谢谢．【解答】考查情境对话．根据题干Would you like me to bring you a cup of tea？可知肯定的回答用Yes，please．否定用No，thanks结合选项，应说好的，谢谢．故选：C．三、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4.00分）A．Even if B．familiar C．spare D．In fact E nervous You may not know a lot of people when you start high school．This really makes you feel （1）E because you don't know who to talk to when you have problems．（2）A you know some freshmen（新生），you still feel worried that you don't know any elder students and teachers．How are you going to make friends with these unknown people？（3）D，most high schools hold a freshman training before school actually starts．These are helpful because you learn your way around the buildings．You also get to meet some of your teachers and other freshmen．That way，you may already recognize a few（4）B faces when you go to school on your first day．【分析】进入高中会遇见一些新生，或许会感到担忧，怎样和这些人交朋友呢？【解答】1．E．形容词考查，feel是系动词，后加形容词构成系表结构，结合because you don't know who to talk to 句意可知是不知道和谁说话，故会感到紧张nervous，故答案是E．2．A．短语考查，结合you know some freshmen（新生），you still feel worried that you don't know any elder students and teachers句意你认识一些人，你还会因为不认识任何一个高年级的学生和老师感到担忧，故用even if即使，引导的让步状语从句，故答案是A．案是D．4．B．形容词考查．空格用来修饰faces，故用形容词，结合句意表达你可能已经认识一些熟悉的面孔了，familiar熟悉的，故答案是B．33．（4.00分）A．support B．clubs C．friendships D．expect E．awardsWhen you talk to people in the training camp，you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are．They're all new to the school and don't know what to（1）D．Talking about a common interest with your classmates can help you develop（2）C．The work in high school sometimes worries freshmen a lot．The work in high school gives you more knowledge of many subjects．So you may find it's a bit more challenging．If you ever find your work too difficult，teachers can （3）A you．High school also has more after﹣school activities，such as music and theatre groups，sports teams and（4）B．This is a good chance to learn how to be more independent．It is also a good time to develop your interests and try new things．【分析】这是一篇教育文化类阅读，主要介绍高中生活有时会让你感到忧虑．高中也会给你带来更多的知识和挑战．你可以和朋友谈论兴趣，发展友谊，可以请求老师的帮助．可以加入社团．这是学习独立的好机会．【解答】1．D．考查动词．句意"他们对学校都很陌生，不知道该__什么．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"期盼"．不定式to后用动词原形expect．选D．2．C．考查名词．句意"和你的同学谈论共同的兴趣可以帮助你发展__．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"友谊"．用名词复数friendships．选C．3．A．考查动词．句意"老师会__你"．根据上一句If you ever find your work too difficult如果你发现你的功课太难了．可知，应该是"支持"．情态动词can后用动4．B．考查名词．句意"比如音乐和戏剧团体、运动队和__"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"俱乐部"．不止一个俱乐部，用复数clubs．选B．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分）34．（1.00分）Many people buy nice watches as presents for their friends．（watch）【分析】许多人买漂亮的手表作为礼物送给朋友．【解答】根据Many people buy nice﹣﹣as presents for their friends．（watch）可知这里friends是复数，所以给他们买的表也应该用复数．故填watches．35．（1.00分）Jessie is learning to cook for herself though she is only seven years old．（her）【分析】尽管她只有七岁，杰西仍在自学做饭．【解答】根据Jessie is learning to cook for﹣﹣though she is only seven years old．（her）可知这里for oneself表示为自己．故填herself．36．（1.00分）The government should be responsible for the food safety to protect citizens．（responsibility）【分析】政府应该对食品安全负责，保护公民．【解答】根据The government should be﹣﹣for the food safety to protect citizens．（responsibility）可知这里放在be动词后面跟形容词．故填responsible．37．（1.00分）My cousin's flat is on the tenth floor with a good view of the neighbourhood．（ten）【分析】我堂兄的公寓在十楼，视野很好．【解答】根据My cousin's flat is on the﹣﹣floor with a good view of the。

2018年上海市普陀区高考英语二模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．(★)A． Cold B． Sunny C． Rainy D． Cloudy2．(★)A． 110 minutes B． 120 minutes C． 130 minutes D． 140 minutes3．(★)A． Shop assistant and customerB． Boss and assistantC． Professor and studentD． Husband and wife4．(★)A． In a meeting roomB． In a reference roomC． At a booking officeD． At a police station5．(★)A． A movie B． A lecture C． A play D． A speech6．(★★★)A． The woman shouldn't be so upsetB． He's an hour later for the interview．C． The woman should be patientD． He's too nervous to calm down7．(★★)A． The man is intelligent enoughB． The man does not work hard enoughC． The man should get some sleepD． The man is hard-working8．(★★★)A． He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used toB． He wants to spend more time with his familyC． He doesn't think he is capable of doing the jobD． He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9．(★★★)A． The woman doesn't have money for her son's graduate studies B． The woman doesn't think her son will get a business degreeC． The woman insists that her son should major in scienceD． The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10．(★★)A． It ran into another carB． It fell into a river and sankC． It broke down on the roadD． It left the road and landed in a field11．(★★★)（1）A． Noise B． Smoking C． LitterD． Drinking（2）A． A tour guide B． A conductor C． A teacher D． A lawyer（3）A． To prepare people for international travelB． To make the laws of different kindsC． To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD． To give advice to travelers to the country12．(★★★)（1）A Conference with the course tutorB． Active attendance and commitmentC． Punctuality and politenessD． Debate and essay preparation（2）A． Inform the teacher in advanceB． Just do not choose the courseC． Drop out of the courseD． Make it up later（3）A． One that is written by handB． One that is originalC． One that is revise by the tutorD． One that keeps to the instructions13．(★★★)（1）A． His knees and fingers acheB． He doesn't feel like eatingC． He can't sleep very wellD． His blood pressure is high（2）A． She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB． She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC． She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD． She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays（3）A． Every day for seven weeksB． Three times a week for seven weeksC． Three times a weeks for three weeksD． Twenty times for two weeks（4）A． Use hot water padsB． Sit by the stoveC． Drink cold waterD． Take cold bathsSection A 10% Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word： for the otherblanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★)Jim ThompsonJim Thompson's life story is one of success， achievement， and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended．Thompson was born in Delaware（1） the east coast of the United States in 1906． After finishing high school， Thompson went to Princeton University andlater studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania． After graduation，Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940． Not long after this， he volunteered（2）（serve）in the U．S． Army． During World War II， Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand． It was this first taste of life in the Far East（3） changed Thompson's life． He saw opportunities to develop tourism there， becoming（4）（involve）in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel．While the hotel plan fell through， by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire． While traveling around Thailand， he came across（5） he considered exquisite（精美的）samples of handwoven Thai silk， a product that（6）（become）rare． He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York，（7） it became very popular． As a consequence， the Thai silk industry was revived（复兴）and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy．With his success in the silk business， Jim Thompson continued his originalinterest in architecture on the side． He found six traditional Thai houses and had （8） brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house． Today， not only is it a beautiful house inside and out，（9） it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected．In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia， he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever． To this day， no clues（10）（find）as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry．Section B10% Directions： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★)Mentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month， the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution． Schools were shut and emergencytraffic restrictions put in place．New Delhi is far from alone． Our research into the（1） of air pollutionin China shows that， in addition to the more obvious physical price， airpollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition （认知），（2） reducing a person's happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests．Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development， suggesting that development（3） should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world．India's recent pollution emergency is the most（4） incidence（发生率）of dangerous air pollution， but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing（5）in most developing countries．Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil， to Nigeria---（6） experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits． In fact，98% of cities with more than 100.000（7） in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO's air quality guidelines．India's extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized， and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization．We used nationally （8） longitudinal （纵向）surveys on mental health and cognition， matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews， to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance． Because each person in our survey was （9） multiple times， we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables．We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day（10）to about 10percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce．III. Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★)Globalization： Good or Bad？Globalization is defined in many ways．One simple （1） is that it is the rapid increase in international free trade， investment， and technological exchange． It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic （2） over the past half century． Although thereis little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years， some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries，and that others have suffered as a result．Improved income？An argument（3） globalization is that the benefits of increasedinternational trade are shared among everyone in the country． An example of thisis China， where per capita income（人均收入）rose from about﹩1400 in1980 to over﹩4000 by 2000．（4） per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996． It would appear that countries which open their doors to worldtrade tend to become（5）．However， these sorts of（6） might not be giving a true picture． They are "average"， and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people， the vast majority have only seen a（7）improvement．More imports， more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to begained from an increase in international trade： exports（8） imports． Take coffee as an example． Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it： a（n）（9） trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time．（10） maintain that， in general， it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee， and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials． Furthermore， it is the richer countries that control the price of good and，（11）， farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price．（12） developmentFinally， globalization often（13） a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful． These countries develop expertise（专门技能）and increase their share in the international market． On the other hand， those countries which（14） to support all their industries usually do notdevelop expertise in any one． Consequently， these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product（GDP）．Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the （15）of industry． Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods． These imported good are frequently overpriced， and these countries， therefore， have a tendency to accumulate huge debts．（1）A． indication B． principle C． definition D． factor（2）A． systems B． solution C． crisis D． growth（3）A． in favor of B． on account of C． with regard to D． in honour of（4）A． Fortunately B． Similarly C． Undoubtedly D． Unusually（5）A． freer B． greater C． stronger D． wealthier（6）A． figures B． descriptions C． countries D． benefits（7）A． severe B． slight C． further D． general（8）A． overtake B． qualify C． fight D． require（9）A． two-way B． all-inclusive C． official D． legal（10）A． Supporters B． Advocates C． Critics D． Authorities（11）A． otherwise B． nevertheless C． therefore D． besides（12）A． Global B． Industrial C． National D． Economical（13）A． encourages B． restricts C． forbids D． forces（14）A． stop B． continue C． fail D． refuse（15）A． globalization B． transformation C． specialization D． identificationSection B 22% Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)The Harlem RenaissanceThe word "renaissance" means "rebirth"． The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s． It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished， producing a ton of work in a short period of time． The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts．After the Civil War， many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them． Between 1910 and 1920，massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration． The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York， African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan， setting in a neighborhood called Harem． Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society． It was a good thing， and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance． One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer， W． E．B Du Bois． In his book， The Souls of Back Folk， in 1903， Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called "double consciousness"． They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans． And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers． The Renaissance was so influential that "Harlem" grew into something of a brand nameAfrican Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society． Black businesses began to flourish， creating a growing middle class， like MadameC．J． Walker， who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire． All together， the artists， and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population． Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education． This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees． Perhaps most importantly， people---black and white---began the push for racial integration， planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s．（1）Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War？A． To escape slaveryB． To find jobs in agricultureC． To avoid racial discriminationD． To gain citizenship（2）How did W．E．B． Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance？A． He led to movement to return to AfricaB． He composed folk music based on African American themeC． He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD． He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity（3）What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance？A． Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB． The vast majority were considered lower classC． Most were regarded as middle classD． A large percentage were recognized as wealthy（4）What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law？A． Spread of black businessesB． Access to higher educationC． Shift from agriculture to industryD． Push for unity among all Africans18．(★★) （1）A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ．A． the Essential TourB． the Backstage TourC． Opera High TeaD． any of the tours（2）Joining the Backstage Tour， a traveler ．A． is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB． will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC． can take his big family of 8members to free breakfastD． can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour（3）If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ，what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash？A． 203.25USDB． 214.5USDC． 225 USDD． 239.25USD19．(★★)A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth's history． For years，scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago． The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying． To date， some authoritieson ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth． Other specialists have doubted these theories， maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos． From the outset， critics believed these claims were exaggerated．By contrast， there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor （流星）which hit Mexico's Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs' extinction． Nevertheless， until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier． Now they do．American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater （火山口）near the northwest coast of Australia． The samples were initially collectedand preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil． Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in the rock's structure show a typical pattern for meteors． There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns． In fact，a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era． Academics say that the meteor's crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma， the highest mountain on Earth! Literally， the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea． The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation． Things must have come to a standstill． Evidently， the blow was fatal for many forms of life．Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth's history． Still， we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause． Fortunately， meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between．（1）The word "plausible" （paragraph 1）is closest in meaning to " "．A． available B． incredible C． reasonable D． ridiculous（2）Why didn't the meteor affect human beings？A． Because they were very resistantB． Because there weren't any thenC． Because they lived in isolated areasD． Because they hid themselves in the caves（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？A． Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB． 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC． Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD． When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up．（4）What is the best title for the passageA． The Dinosaurs' EndB． Crater on QomolangmaC． Contradictory ClaimsD． A Meteor's ImpactSection C 8% Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note thatthere are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★) Blind imitation is self-destruction． To those who do not recognize their unique worth， imitation appears attractive； to those who know their strength， imitation is unacceptable．In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful． When I first learned to cook． I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes． But soon I grew bored．（1）Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child's bicycle； they help you get going， but once you find your own balance， you fly faster andfarther without relying on them．（2） If， as a child， you observed people whose lives were bad， you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what theydid． If you do not make strong choices for yourself， you will get the results of the weak choices of others．In the field of entertainment， our culture glorifies celebrities． Those stars look great on screen． But when they step off screen， their personal lives may be disastrous．（3）Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique． Think of the movies， books， teachers， and friends that have affected you most deeply． They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration， not desperation． The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them， but by those who do what has been done inside them．（4）The problem a creator faces is not running out of material； it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination．Study your role models， accept the gifts they have given， and leave behind what does not serve you． Then you can say， "I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors' tragedies and declare victory， and know that they are cheering me on．"V. Summary Writing 10%21．(★★★★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory， the faster you feel fedup and decide you've had enough． The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research．Noelle Nelson， assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business． She and her colleague Joseph Redden atthe University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box． "Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates． When you think about pop songs on the radio， some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot． But a lot ofother people are really sick of those same songs．" The difference， theresearchers supposed， might have to do with memories of past consumption．The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates． The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night，American Gothic， and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music． Throughout the test， theparticipants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten． Andthe better a participant scored in the memory test， the faster they got bored．"We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art，which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly． So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they'd experienced the musicor art more often．" The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences． We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack． As for kids easily bored，just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun．Translation 15% Directions： Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．(★★★★★)比起节食，我宁愿多做运动来减肥．（prefer）23．(★★★)缺乏合作意识是他上月竞选失败的原因．（lack）24．(★★★)如果实验过程中有问题出现，请及时与实验室管理员沟通．（arise）25．(★★★★)春节期间的所见所闻让我们深刻地感受到：千千万万普通人最伟大，幸福都是奋斗出来的．（happiness）Guided Writing 25%26．(★★)Directions： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．母亲节快到了，班里准备在这天召开主题为"感谢母亲"的班会．请你就以下这份调查结果统计表撰写演讲稿，在演讲稿中，你必须：1．描述表格中的信息；2．分析可能导致这一结果的原因；3．表达你的想法．。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822, and Caroline on September 1st,1848.Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axialrotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781, when on March 13th, he discovered the planet Uranus (天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax (恒星视差). This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of ―The King’s Astronomer‖ and ―Assistant to the King’s Astronomer‖, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to S lough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite s uccessful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线). In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by __________.A. discovering the planet UranusB. determining stellar parallaxC. discovering two moons of UranusD. uncovering the evidence for the infrared57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III __________.A. liked science and technologyB. liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC. was interested in astronomyD. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A. She was successful in music.B. She was titled ―The King’s Astronomer‖.C. She died later than her brother.D. She published two papers.59. This passage mainly tells readers .A. some information about Herschel and his sisterB. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD. Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publicationsKeys: 56-59: A B C ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty;in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there. I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world-and walk where no man has before.Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage ofdiscovery up his native river.This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally my thoughts comes to the idea of making a voyage of discovery.Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine,and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.56.What does the author think of the Pole?A.It reminds him of his childhood.B. It must be a region full of surprises.C. It would fulfil his dream to be an adventurer.D. It's too cold a destination with almost nothing.57. To realize his childhood dream, the author got _______.A. physically prepared by experiencing great sufferingB. spiritually prepared by gaining captain's recognitionC. academically prepared by reading books on explorationD. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship.58. According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of _______.A. curiosityB. fancyC. perseveranceD.prideKeys:56-58: CACSection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word ―thumbed‖ is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical bookKeys:56-59 CADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Warning from ExpertsA growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. ―This is a growing environmental problem,‖said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused on limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than tencentimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth. ―Of the 13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,‖ Johnson said. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, ―Space j unk is like any environmental problem,‖ Johnson admits. ―I t’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.‖56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove space junk.B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.C.It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. Reasonable.B. Unbelievable.C. Reliable.D. Impractical.Keys:56-58 CADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someoneand you think they are lying?Well, you are not alone. We’veall had that feeling. But did you know that there are severalthings you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be no ticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people wholie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are tellingthe truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar the question ―Did you steal Fatima’s bag?‖, they may answer with something like ―Fatima is my friend. Why would Ido that?‖ In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answeringthe question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convinceyou of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. Ifyou think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve boughtthe story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which initself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying.They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to usesome of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying ―Liars also use deflection‖, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Whichof the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsKeys:56-59 DADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氦)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate(累积) In a joint,, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs(鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly-and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted bodyB. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure57. The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4_____.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_______.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost itKeys: 56-59 ABCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr.Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate mealincluding his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.Keys: 56-59 BCDDSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)Last October, I was on a diving holid ay in the Philippines with with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat, slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine, and I felt deep, powerful vibrations(震动), as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef(礁石). The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushroomed up around us, Could it be an underwater bomb? A giant turtle raced past us and into the deep; they are normally slow movers, so this was very weird behaviour. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones, and the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I realized it was an earthquake. The noise was the sound of the Earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes; I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb(麻木的)for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever it's going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up,It was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looksbefore pulling out our breathing apparatus and shouting, "What was that?"Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at at the epicentre(震中). I was high and felt lucky surprisingly not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experience in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.Keys: 56-59 CCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those studentsbeing low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facingdifficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference.Michigan States has not only received useful。

考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

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I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest in architecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each wordMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发生率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in international free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, where per capita income(人均收入)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seen a___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countries which___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard to D. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. official D. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. fail D. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts.After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to theHarlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all AfricansB60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (火山口)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma,the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history.Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bei ngs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.”The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.比起节食，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。

普陀区2017 -2018学年第一学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Mother and child. B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and secretary.2.A. They like reading today’s paper.B.They are interested in today’s paper.C.They found nothing interesting in today’s paper.D.They have no idea what the paper is about.3.A. In the concert. B. In the theatre. C. In the exhibition. D. In the studio.4.A. Getting ready to board a plane.B.Queuing up for the check-in.C.Meeting friends at the arrivals.D.Waiting at the baggage claim area.5.A. The man doesn’t care which colour is chosen.B.The woman prefers the colour.C.The man is concerned about the colour.D.The man intends to choose a different colour.6.A. Doing a lot of homework. B. Staying focused in class.C. Sleeping for a short break.D. Devoting all her spare time to learning.7.A. He was chairman of the club.B.He wanted to learn a new language.C.He wanted to know more about the club.D.He was interested in international advertisement.8.A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9.A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its structure is not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the writing skills.10.A. She likes watching instead of playing. B. She is a good team sports player.C. She doesn’t like any kind of sports.D. She likes taking part in team sports.Section B 15%Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It contains protein. B. It contains water.C. It helps the brain work properly.D. A full stomach leads to a good sleep.12. A. Sleep helps the brain control the senses.B.Sleep promotes rest.C.Sleep helps the brain revise and store information.D.Sleep reduces tiredness.13. A. Factors related to memory development. B. The importance of a good memory.C. The importance of improving memory.D. The misery caused by a poor memory.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following weather forecast.14. A. Mountainous Area. B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Southern Europe.15. A. Snowy. B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.D. Fine.16. A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B.Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C.Central parts of the Mediterranean.D.Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A university tutor. B. An insurance adviser.C. An overseas study officer.D. A visa officer.18. A. It is purchased in the country you will travel.B.It provides just a few kinds of medical services.C.It provides doctors who may speak your native language.D.It offers sufficient cash to pay the entire bill on the spot.19. A. It must be purchased in one’s home country before going abroad.B.It does not cover the minor medical expenses.C.It only recommends native doctors when you are aboard.D.It features personal paying first and getting money later.20. A. Consult other insurance companies.B.Buy the student health insurance.C.Get the international travel insurance.D.Choose neither insurance since it is not a must.II.Grammar andvocabulary SectionA 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Recreational Vehicles (房车): On the RoadRecreational vehicles (RVs) are a typically American invention. Nationally, sales rose to 430,000 units last year, a 40-year high. At the inexpensive end, they sell for as little as $5,000 for a caravan (大篷车); deluxe versions cost up to $1,000,000 and are typically equipped with a bedroom,kitchen and bathroom that are bigger than ones in many European flats. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21) _ (rise) by 43% and 17%, respectively so far.That is a big change. During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental RV, RV dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22) (leave) serving the New York metropolitan area. Mr. Troiano is on track (23) (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. The current rebound ( 反弹) is mostly(24) the economy’s recovery, but it also springs from the fact that new types of customer are embracing the lifestyle.A decade ago, the average age of an RV-owner was 49, and over 90% were white, says Kevin Broom of the Recreational Vehicle Industry Association (RVIA), which doesn’t indicate a bright future. Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants, (25)are keen to experience long, self-planned road trips in America. Mr. Troiano’s most recent big sale was to (26) rich Asian family.The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales — last year less than 1% of RVs produced domestically (27) (ship) to foreign markets —may improve, too. China’s government, for example, has planned to build 2,000 campgrounds by 2020, up from an estimated 300 today, in a bid to promote domestic tourism, particularly to remote rural regions. Chinese firms such as Yutong Bus make RVs, but not of the quality that many Chinese want. The country imported 1,000 vehicles last year, over half of them American.RV manufacturers are also marketing the concept (28) their motor homes can be commercial as well as leisure vehicles. They (29) allow travellingsalesmen, businessmen to save on food and hotel costs. (30)you park it, it canbe your office, as well as your home.Section B 10% Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Training the Brain to Hear BetterThe din （喧嚣）of a loud restaurant or party can make conversation difficult foranyone —but for the elderly, these settings can make it nearly impossible. Themechanics of hearing 31 with age, but the latest research focuses on another part of the problem — the slower 32 speed of aging brains, which have to work harder to translate sound into intelligible(可理解的) language.Research shows that musicians are better able to pick out speech from surrounding noise as they age compared to non-musicians ．And a new study of auditory training with a 33 _ available brain training program suggests that most people who are hard of hearing can develop the same skills ．The scientists showed that people trained for 40 hours over 8 weeks with Posit Science’s “Brain Fitness” were able to pick out 41% more words from background noise compared to those who watched educational DVDs and were quizzed on their 34 after the same amount of time ．The authors received no funding from the makers of the program; the study was35 by the National Institutes of Health.The research included 67 older adults between 55 and 70, with an average age of63．The auditory training came in the form of 36 hearing tasks that primed the participants to hear better by requiring them to identify various speech sounds and 37 between similarsounding syllables (音节), for example, as well as repeating back words and remembering stories ．Both those who received the training and those who watched the DVDs were tested on short term memory, brain processing speed and the ability to hear speech in noisy settings ．All of the participants showed improvement in these three 38 , butfor the first time, the scientists also documented that the sharper hearing was _39 by earlier signaling in the brainstem.As the authors write in their paper, the training not only improved the ability to decode speech in noisy situations, but also sped up the brain’s abili ty to 40 to the sound — bringing it to more “youthful’’ levels ．III. Reading ComprehensionA.accompaniedF. distinguishB. commercially G. funded H. measuresC. computerized I. potentiallyD. contentsE. decline J. processing K. respondSection A 15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Depression: Second Biggest Cause of Disability in the World Depression is the second most common cause of disability worldwide after back pain, according to a review of research. The disease must be treated as a global public health 41 , experts report in the journal PLOS Medicine. The study 42 clinical depression with more than 200 other diseases and injuries as a cause of disability. Globally, only a small proportion of patients have 43 to treatment, the World Health Organization says.Depression was 44 at number two as a global cause of disability, but its impact varies in different countries and regions. 45 , rates of major depression were highest in Afghanistan and lowest in Japan. In the UK, depression was rated at number three 46 years lived with a disability.Dr. Alize Ferrari from the University of Queensland’s School of Population Health led the study. “Depression is a big problem and we47 need to pay more attention to it than we are now,” she told BBC News. There’s still more work to be done in arousing awareness of the disease and also in48 successful ways of treating it.“The burden is different between countries, so it tends to be higher in low and middle income countries and 49 in high income countries.” Policy-makers had made an effort to bring depression to the forefront, but there was a lot more work to be done, she added. “There’s lots of stigma (病症) we know 50 with mental health,” she explained.“What one person recognizes as disabling might be different to another person and might be different across countries as well. There are lots of cultural 51 and interpretations that come in place, which makes it all the more important to 52 awareness of the size of the problem and also signs and how to 53 it.”The data — for the year 2010 — follows similar studies in 1990 and 2000 looking at the global burden of depression.Commenting on the study, Dr. Daniel Chisholm, a health economist at the department for mental health and substance abuse at the World Health Organization said depression was a very disabling condition. “It’s a big public health 54 and a big problem to be reflected on but not enough is being done.” Around the world only a tiny 55 of people get any sort of treatment or diagnosis.The WHO recently launched a global mental health action plan to raise awareness among policy-makers.41.A. concern B. issue C. priority D. discussion42.A. compared B. combined C. confused D. contacted43.A. objection B. access C. adaptation D. contribution44.A. considered B. evaluated C. determined D. ranked45.A. For example B. In addition C. In other words D. All in all46.A. in regard of B. in name of C. in terms of D. in face of47.A. probably B. definitely C. significantly D. randomly48.A. coming up with B. making up C. putting up with D. consisting of49.A. severer B. heavier C. lighter D. lower50.A. related B. associated C. relevant D. close51.A. ingredients B. interactions C. implications D. identities52.A. remove B. recreate C. raise D. rise53.A. avoid B. treat C. cure D. detect54.A. challenge B. agreement C. prediction D. outcome55.A. amount B. proportion C. quantity D. populationSection B 22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)DigitalEtiquette (礼节)Digital Etiquette, or netiquette, is a set of rules for how to behave online. It’s a lot like life etiquette, which is basically having good manners and treating others with respect. It’s just asimportant in our digital lives, including how we act in online games or how we communicate in emails, texts, instant messages and on social networking websites. All of these platforms let us talk and share instantly wherever we are.Unfortunately, some people can lose control the second they jump online. When they disagree with someone, or have strong feeling about a topic, they end up saying stuff they’d never say in person! They may send ruder emails and IMs or try to start arguments on message boards. That’s called flaming, and it can lead to full-on flamewars, insulting arguments between two or more users.On the Internet, it’s pretty easy to stay anonymous, or unidentified. Having a secret identity to hide behind can make people pretty brave. Andwhen all they see of you is screen name or a funny icon, they might forget that they’re dealing with a real human being!The principle is simple: Just like in real life, you should treat other people the way you want to be treated. You wouldn’t want somebody to be rude to you, so don’t be rude to anyone else.Of course, netiquette isn’t just about being nice; it’s also about communicating clearly.That means keeping emails and IMs clear, and to the point. It also means making your messages easy to read and understand, which can depend on your audience. For instance, some abbreviations and emoticons may be fine with friends. But they’re generally not appropriate in formal communication. And whatever you do, don’t write in all capital letters! Writing in all caps makes it seem like you’re yelling.Lastly, make sure you ask permission before posting anything about your friends on a blog or a social networking site. People’s personal information is private, and you can really ruin relationships if you post something that a friend —or a friend’s parents —do n’t want on the web. And keep in mind that the Internet is not a private place; if you wouldn’t want a parent, teacher or future employer to see something you post, don’t post it!56.According to the passage, the users of social media are advised .A.to trigger arguments on message boardsB.to behave online with common courtesyC.to be respectful of others online rather than offlineD.to apply abbreviations and emoticons as many as possible57.Why might an anonymous Internet user feel bold enough to say horrible things inresponse to a blog post?A.Because he can make more friends if he says mean things.B.Because he knows his friends will recognize him and think better of him.C.Because he can insult others and not worry about revenge.D.Because he can impress older, smarter people with his remarks.58.Which of the following is the best way to text your uncle to say you’ll be back in an hour?59.Which of the following is a clear rule about posting photos online?A.If you take a photograph, it is yours to do as you please online.rmation about your friends, including photographs, is private.C.It’s illegal to post pictures online without permission from people in the pictures.D.You should always avoid posting images on the internet.(B)Recycling at work - handy hints toemployersIt is estimated that avoidable waste costs UK businesses up to 4.5% of their annual revenue. Reducing waste in the workplace is about being efficient. By becoming more efficient, businesses not only increase profits but they also save natural resources.Setting up a company schemeGet everyone involved•Arouse awareness internally within the company, perhaps by putting up educational posters. •Appoint a person to be the point of contact for anyone with queries (问讯).There are also a couple of ways to increase motivation:•Hold internal competitions between different departments. For example, see which can reduce their waste the most within a specific time period.•Send out regular newsletters reporting on all waste improvements. Staff will then see the impact their actions are having.PaperRecycling at work - handy hints to employers What to recycle and how• According to a recent survey, 65% of waste produced is paper waste. Waste paper will inevitably be produced in the workplace, but it is not necessary to discard it. It can serve a variety of purposes before it is recycled, such as writing notes. Envelopes too can be reused for internal mail.Plastic cups• Rather than supplying disposable plastic cups in your workplace, get ceramic mugs that can be reused. Not only do they make your tea taste better, but they can reduce your office waste by up to 10%!•Electrical equipment • Rather than giving up on any old electrical equipment and just throwing it away, why not try upgrading it? This reduces waste, as well as avoiding the need to manufacture a new machine - a process which creates a large amount of waste. You could also consider donating your old computers to charities whenit comes to replacing them.60. What can the employer distribute to motivate staff to recycle more?A. Educational posters.B. Annual reports.C. Regular newsletters.D. Competition rules.61. What can be bought to cut down on the waste produced by staff refreshments?A. Disposable goods.B. Writing notes.C. Envelopes.D. Ceramic tableware.62. Which of the following is NOT included in the hints?A. Unwanted PCs can be sent to charities if the company has to buy new ones.B. Waste paper can be used as envelopes for internal mails before being thrown away.C. One of the staff should be assigned to be responsible for the recycling issue.D. Educational posters can be displayed in the workplace to publicize the recycling scheme.(C)Given how valuable intelligence and automation are, we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to. At a certain point, we will build machines that aresmarter than we are. Once we have machines that are smarter than we are, they will begin to improve themselves. And then we risk what the mathematician IJ Good called an “intelligence explosion”. The proces s could get out of control.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are. And the slightest divergence between their goals and our own could destroy us. Just think about how we relate to ants. We don’t hate them. We don’t go out of our way to harm them. In fact, sometimes we take pains not to harm them. We step over them on the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals, we will kill them without hesitation. The concern is that we will one day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines. We have problems that we desperately need to solve. So we will do this, if we can. The train is already out of the station, and there’s no brake to pull. If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine, and exceed us in ways that we ca n’t imagine.So imagine we hit upon a design of superintelligent AI that has no safety concerns. This machine would be the perfect labor-saving device. It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work, powered by sunlight, more or less for the cost of raw materials. So we’re talking about the end of human labour. We’re also talking about the end of most intellectual work. So what would apes like ourselves do in this circumstance?What would some nations do if they heard that some company in Silicon Valley was about to deploy ( 配置) a superintelligent AI? This machine would be capable of starting war, whether terrestrial (陆地的) or cyber, with unbelievable power.Given that the companies and governments building superintelligent AI are likely to perceive(感知) themselves as being in a race against all others, and that to win this race is to win the world, it seems likely that whatever is easier to do will get done first unless it is destroyed in the next moment.But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it’s a god we can live with.63.When an intelligent machine becomes smarter than humanity, .A.it will make itself better and may go beyond human controlB.it will help people to the fullest, especially in physical workC.it will threaten people by robbing them of jobsD.it will view itself as human race64.The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 2 almost means the same as “”.A.connectionB. hatredC. competitionD. disagreement65.How is the passage mainly developed?A.By making comparisons.B.By showing valid evidence.C.By giving assumptions.D.By analyzing statistics.66.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.For the God’s sake, stop AI and be yourselves!B.Can we build AI without losing control over it?C.For or against AI, that is the question!D.How does superintelligence serve the people?Section C 8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Parents simply cannot control all the possible paths their children may take.B.Research in developmental psychology ought to help parents relax.C.If a woman works outside the home, she’s depriving her children of her constant attention,but if she stays home, she tends to give her children too much love.D.According t o Freud, after the first five “formative years” ended in the crisis of the OedipalComplex (俄狄浦斯情结), the child’s personality was set for life.E.Parents still have a major role to play, but now it is more delicate.F.Obviously it’s good to give children stimulation and attention from the start, but one wrongstep will not doom the child to psychological damage.Parenting Anxiety RelievedWoman are insecure because there is no commonly accepted idea of what it means to be a good mother. Fathers have it easier in this regard; they just have to show up and they are automatically considered “good”, whereas mothers are always trying to prove to themselves and the world that they aren’t“bad”.67In some ways, things are getting worse. Years ago, a woman was allowed five years to shape her child’s personality. In recent years, however, some psychologists tell mothers that the first three years of life are the most important, while others think that all critical events happen during the first year.Ironically, this panic about doing the right thing to produce the perfect child is probably the worst thing for the child and the parent. 68 Here is why.First, it is not harmful to children if their mothers work. Mothers who neglect their own need and abilities for the sake of their children do not benefit their children, their marriage orthemselves.Second, there is no crucial moment or stage in early childhood in which a child’s fate is determined forever. 69 Children are more flexible than that.Research also finds that some children who have had the best parental care and guidance later give in to drugs, addiction, mental illness or violence. 70 Between the parents’best efforts and the resulting child lie other factors: the child’s nature, genetically influenced characters, experiences outside the family and the child’s knowledge of events. Parents can help an inborn shy child learn to cope better in situations that make the child anxious, but they aren’t going to turn her into Britney Spears.IV.Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parentsshout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise.Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadeningthe conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores — one marker of elite colleges —didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them — either because ofrejection or by their own choice — are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmat es.”V.Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.众所周知, 与他人和睦相处是生活幸福的要素之一。

普陀区2017 学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2018.04考生注意：1. 考试时间120 分钟，试卷满分140 分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷(共100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. Af t er you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the f o ur possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. D. Cloudy.2.A. 110 minutes. B. 120 minutes. C. 130 minutes. D. 140 minutes.3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Boss and assistant.C. Professor and student.D. Husband and w i fe.4. A.In a meeting room. B.In a reference room.C. At a booking office.D. At a police stat i on.5. A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech.6. A.The w o man shouldn't be so upset. B. He's an hour late for the interview.C. The w o man should be patient.D. He's too nervous to calm dow n.7. A. The man is intelligent enough. B. The man does not w o rk hard enough.C. The man should get some sleep.D. The man is hard-w o rking.8. A. He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He w ants to spend more time w ith his family.C.He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.D. He thinks the pay is too Iow to support his family.9. A. The w o man doesn't have money for her son's graduate studies.B. The w o man doesn't think her son w i ll get a business degree.C. The w o man insists that her son should major in science.D. The w o man advises her son to think tw i ce before making his decision.10. A.It ran into another car. B. It fell into a river and sank.C.It broke dow n on road.D. It Ieft the road and landed in a field.Section B 15%Directions: In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages an d the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear aquestion,read the f o ur possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11.A. Noise. B.Smoking. C. Litter. D. Drinking.12. A. A tour guide. B.A conductor. C. A teacher. D. A law y er.13. A. To prepare people for international travel.B. TQ make the laws of different kinds.C. To inform people of the punishment for breaking law s.D. To give advice to travelers to the country.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording.14. A. Conference w i th the course tutor. B. Active attendance and commitment.C. Punctuality and politen e ss.D. Debate and essay preparation.15. A. Inform the teacher in advance. B. Just do not choose the course.C. Drop out of the course.D. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand. B. One that is original.C. One that is revised by the tutor.D. One that keeps to the instructions.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache. B. He doesn't feel like eat i ng.C. He.can't sleep very w e ll.D. His blood pressure is high.18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment w i th rays.B. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment w i th rays.C. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment w i th rays.D. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment w i th rays.19.A.Every day for seven w e eks. B.Three times a w e ek for seven w e eks.C. Three times a w e ek for three w e eks.D. Tw e nty times for tw o w e eks.20. A. Use hot w a ter pads. B. Sit by the stove.C. Drink cold w a ter.D. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Af ter reading the passage below, f ill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, f ill in each blank with the proper f orm of the given word; f o r the other blanks, use one word that best f i ts each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no oneknow s how it ended.Thompson w as born in Delaw are (2l)the east coast of the United States in1906. Afterfin ishing h igh school, Thompson w ent to Princeton Univ ersity and later studied architecture at theUnivers ity of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson w orked as an architect in New Y orkCity until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered (22) _(serve) in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intellig ence for the army in Thailand, It w as this first taste of life in the Far East (23)changed Thompson's life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there,becoming (24)(involve) in an amb i tious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another schemethatw o uld eventually make him a million a ire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across (25)he considered exquisite(精美的)samples ofhandw o ven Thai silk, a product that (26)(become) rare. He persuaded the w e avers to w o rk w i th him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry w a s revived(复兴)and thebusiness made Thompson and some of the w e avers very w e althy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his orig inal interest in architecture on the side. He found six tradition al Thai houses and had (28) brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beaut iful house inside and out, (29) it is also filled w i th the w o rks of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he w ent for a w alk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues (30)(find) as to w hat happened to this w ealthy Amer ican businessman w h o is credited w i th single-handed l y reviv i ng the Thai silk industry.Section BDirections: Complete the f o llowing passage by using the wo r d s in the box. Each word can onlybe used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. ConcernB.dramaticC. equivalentD. frequentlyE.impactF.imposedG. representative H. observed I.residents J. signif i cantly K. strategiesMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Med ical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delh iof high levels of air pollution. Schools w ere shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the31of air pollut i on in Chin a shows that, in addit i on to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effectson mental health and cognition(认知),32reducing a person's happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and humancapital development, suggesting that development 33 should go beyond the tradition al focus ofboosting GDP in the develop i ng w o rld.India’s recent pollut i on emergency is the most 34 incidence （发生率）of dangerous air pollut i on, but smoggy skies have been a cause of grow i ng 35 in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing w orld — from Thailand, to Brazil, to Nigeria —36 experience pollut i on at several times the WHO safe lim i ts. In fact, 98% of cities w i th more than 100,000 37 in low and middle- income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollut ion are w ell recognized, and examin ing the effects provides clear w a rnings for other countries seeking fast grow t h through rapid industrializat i on.We used nationally38 longitud i na（l纵向）surveys on mental health and cognition, matched w ith daily air quality data for the time and place of interview s, to see w hat pollut ion does in a given time to indiv idual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey w as 39 multip le times, w e can control for the effect of indiv idual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that w o rsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day40 to about 10percent of the reduced happiness one w ould experience from a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the f ollowing passage there are f our words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best f i ts the context.Glo b alization: Good or Bad?Globalizat ion is defined in many w ays. One simple 41 is that it is the rapid increase in internat ional free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this internat ional trade has been one of the main causes of w orld economic 42 over the past half century.Although there is litt le doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others havesuffered as a result.Improved income?An argument43globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade areshared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, w here per capita income( 人均收入)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000. 44_, per capita income rosy byover 100% in India betw een 1980 and 1996. It w ould appear that countries w hich open their doorsto w o rld trade tend to become45 .How ever, these sorts of 46 might not be giving a true picture. They are "average", anddespite the fact that there has been a substantial increase in income for a small minor ity of people,the vast major i ty have only seen a47 improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from anincrease in internat ional trade: exports 48 imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries w hichproduce and export coffee import the packaging for it : a(n) 49 trade w hich enables commerceto develop in tw o countries at the same time.50 maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such ascoffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packagingmaterials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of goods and, 51 , farmersmay be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goads at a high price.52 developmentFinally,globalization often 53 a country to concentrate on industries w hich arealready successful. Thesecountriesdevelop expertise(专门技能) and increasetheir share in the international market. On the other hand, those countries w hich_54 to support all their industriesusually do not develop expert ise in anyone. Consequently, thesecountries do not finda w orldmarket for their foods and do not increase their gross domestic product (GDP).Ant i-glob alists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the_ 55 of industry.Countries w hich onlyconcentrate onone or two main industries are forced to import other goods. Theseimported goods are frequentlyoverpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency toaccumulate huge debts.41. A. ind i cation42. A. systems43. A. in favor of B. princip l eB. solutionB. on account ofC. definit i onC. crisesC. w i th regard ofD. factorD. grow t hD. in honor of44. A. Fortunately B. Sim i larly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. w e althier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake49. A. tw o-w a y B. qualifyB. all- inclusiv eC. fightC. officialD. requireD. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorit i es51. A. otherw i se B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages54. A. stop B. restrictsB. continueC. forbidsC. failD. forcesD. refuse55. A. globalizat i on B. transformation C. specialization D. identif i cationSection B 22% .Directions: Read the f ollowing three passages. Each passage is f ollowed by several questions or unf inished statements.For each of them there are f our choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that f i ts best according to the inf o rmation given in the passage you havejust read.(A)The Harlem RenaissanceThe w o rd "renaissance" means "rebirth." The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s.It w as a time w hen the African American artistic community grew and flour ished, producing a ton of w ork in a short period of time. The w ork celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities ---both the good parts and the bad parts.After the Civ il War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and Iaws that discriminated against them. Betw een 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North. and West in th e Great Migrat ion. The African American popu lat ion of Chicago more than doub led during th at time! And in New Y ork, African Americans flocked to uptow n Manhattan, settling in a neighborhood called Har lem. Forming a community w ithin the big city let African Amer icans keep their cultural ident ity in a w hite-dominated society. It w as a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues w ere brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time w as the African Amer ican w riter, W.E.B. Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of BlackFolk, in 1903, Du Bois w rote that African-Americans_suffered from something_called“doub le consciousness”. They had their ow n self-image w hile they saw themselves through the eyes or w hite Amer icans. And performers likeJosephine Baker and Paul Rob eson brought African Amer ican culture to all New Y orkers. The Renaissance w a s so influential that "Har l em " grew into something of a brand name, African Americans w ere pushing boundaries across all aspects of s ociety. Black business began to flourish, creating a grow ing middle class, like Madame CJ. Walker w ho turned her cosmetics line into a million do llar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period j helped mob i lize the larger black population. Y oung African- Americans took advantage ofimproved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people - black and w hite - began the push for racial integrat i on, planting the seeds of w h at w o uld eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Amer i cans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slavery.B. To find jobs in agriculture.C. To avoid racial discrimin a tion.D. To gain citizenship.57. How did W.E.B. Du Bo i s contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to Africa.B. He composed.folk music.based on African American theme.C. He w r ote plays about the African-American experience.D. He w r ote about the struggleforAfrican-Amcrican identity.58. What can you infer about the economic status ofAfrican American prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all w e re unemployed at that time.B. The vast majority w e re considered low e r class.C.Most w e re regarded.as.middle class. ~D. A large percentage w e re recognized as w e althy,59.What factor allow e d many more African Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law ?A. Spread of black businesses.B. Access to higher education.C.Shift from agriculture toindustry.D. Push for unity among all Afr i cans.(B)We offer three different tours of this iconic build i ngs.The Essential T our brings to life the story behind the design and constructionof one of the w orld's most ing interactive audio-v isual technology, your guide w ill take you on a memorable journey ins ide the youngest budding ever to be WorldHer i tage listed.Afterw a rds, w h y not stay around and eat at the Studio Cafe, w i th its modern Australian menu? Y ou can both enjoythe best views in Sydney and claim a 20% reduction on the total cost of yourmeal. (Don't forget to show your ticket in order to claim your discount.)Language: English, French, GermanT ak e s place: Daily betw e en 9am and 5pmPrices: Adult $35/Online $29.75Concessions: Australiansen i ors and pensioners; students and children of 16 and under $24.50 Prior bookings are not essential.The Backstage T our gives you backstage access to the Sydney Opera House.It is a unique opportunity to experience the real- life dramas behind the stage! Y ou might ev e n get to stand onthe concert hall stage, take up a conductor's baton in the orchestra pit and imagin e you are leading the performance. Y ou w i ll also get to see inside the stars' dressing rooms.The tour concludes w ith a compliment ary breakfast in the Green Room, The private din i ng area of performers past and present.T ak e s place: Dally a t 7amPrices: $155. No concessions.T o purchase: Bookings are essentiaL.Lim i ted to 8 peopIe per tourOnline sales expire at 4:30 pm tw o days prior.Notes: The tour includes up to 300 steps. FIat, rubber-soled shoes must be w orn, For safety reasons, children of 12 years old and under are not permitted.Opera High T ea consists of a tour w here you w ill w alk in the footsteps of w orld-class singers, dancers and musicians, follow ed by finefood and music in the spectacular surroundings of the Bennelong D in ing Room. What could be better than a treat of delicious light snacks and soft drinks follow e d by a live recital by a leading A ustralian singer!An unforgettable treat for young and old!T akes place: Every second Wed., 2pm .Duration:1.5 hoursPrices: $145 per person ,Book online or visit the Guided Tours Desk60.A traveler w i ll en j oy a performance if he choose .A.the Essential TourB.the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD.any of the tours61.Joiningthe Backstage Tour, a traveler .A.is allow e d to w e ar sneakers ' w h en standing on the stage. .B. w i ll have an opportunity to be the conductor ofthe orchestra.C. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfast.D. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour.62. If a couple w ho travelled w ith their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of$150 there. w h at w o uld the low e st cost be if paid in cash?A.$203.25.B.$214.5.C.$225.D.$239.25.(C)A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of liv ing th ings in Earth's history. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze w hy 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 per cent of land life van ished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions w ere so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date ,some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it w as not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims w e re exaggeratedBy contrast, there is w i de acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星) w h ich hit Mexico's Y ucatan peninsula 65million yearsago w a s the primary cause of the dinosaurs'extinction.Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 million years earlier.Now they do.American geolog i sts have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater （火山口）nearthe northw est coast of Australia. The samples w ere init ially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking o il. Now the geologists and their colleagu es believe that the precise splits in therocks' structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanicpatterns. In fact, a spokesperson w ent so far as to say that these rocks completely rev ise the w ay scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor's crater is the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drow ned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow w ithout sustaining glob al devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evid ently, the blow w a s fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this w as long before mammals ---including humans-emerged in Earth's history. Still, w e w ould be w ise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately,meteor strikes on Earth are few and far betw e en.63.The w o rd "plausib l e" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .A.availab l eB.incredib l eC.reasonableD.ridiculous64. Why didn't the meteor affect human being?A. Because they w e re very resistant.B, Because there w e ren't any then. .C. Because they lived in isolated areas.D. Because they hid themselves in the caves.65. Which of the follow i ng is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single vo l cano caused The Great Dying.B. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC, V olcan i c rocks and meteors have different patterns.D. When the meteor hit land, Mount Qomolangma sprang up. .66. What is the best title for the passage? .A. The Dinosaurs' End.B. Crater on Qomolangma.C. Contradictory Claims.D.A Meteor'slmpact .SectionC 8%Directions: Read the passage caref ully. Fill in each blank with a proper senten ce given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.A. In daily life, imitat i on can hurt us if w e subconsciously hold poor role models.B. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.C. Itis how to use imaginat i on creatively that troubles us.D. Why follow someone else's w a y of cooking w h en I could create my ow n?E. But if you begin to enter this field,im i tat i on proves useful. -F. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character orunacceptablebehaviors.Blind imitat ion is self-destruction. To those w ho do not recognize their unique w orth, im i tat i on appears attractive; to those w h o know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitat ion is he lpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. 67 .Imitating role models is like using train ing w heels on a child's bicycle; they help you get going,but once you find your ow n balance, you fly faster and farther w i thout relying on them.68 .If, as a child, you observed people w h ose lives w e re bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow w hat they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you w i ll get the results of the w e ak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebr ities. Those stars took great on screen. But w h en they step off screen, their personallives may be disastrous. 69 .Blessed is the person w i lling to act on their sudden desire to create something unique, Think ofthe movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations w ere motivated by inspirat ion, not desper ation.The w orld is changed not by those w ho do w hat has been done before them,but by those w ho do w hat has been done inside them. 70 . The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is w hat to do w i th the material knocking at the door ofimaginat i on.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind w hat does not serveyou. Then you can say, "I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors' tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on."IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the f o llowing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wo r dsas f a r aspossibleBetter Memory Causes BoredomA new study show s that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decideyou’vehad enough.the findings appear in the Journal ofConsumer research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. "Something that w as interesting to me is that some people get tired of thingsatvery-different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoy ing them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs." The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do w i th memories ofpast consumption.The researchers testedthe memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then view ed a repeating series of three classic paintings...like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream...or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs...or three pieces of classicalmusic. Throughout the test, the participants w e re asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored."We found that people w ith larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, w hich led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly.So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they'd experienced the music or art more often." The findings suggest that marketers could cope w ith our desire for their products by figuring out w ays to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it-it mjght help them_have more fun.V. T ranslation 15%Directions: Translate the f o llowing sentences into English. using the words given in the brackets.72.比起节食,我宁愿多做运动来减肥。

2018上海市普陀区高三英语下学期质量调研（二模）试卷（附答案）普陀区ine countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelinesIndia’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization We used nationally __38__ longitudinal (纵向) surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance Because each person in our survey was __39__ multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the oute variablesWe found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day __40__ to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience from a negative major life event such as divorceIII Reading prehensionSection A 15%Directions For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Globalization Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways One simple __41__ is that it is the rapid increase in international free trade, investment, and technological exchange It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world。

上海市普陀区2018届高三二模英语试题考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a field Section B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructions Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interestin architecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Mentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发生率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, toNigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in international free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, whereper capita income(人均收入)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seen a___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countries which___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard toD. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. strongerD. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countriesD. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. officialD. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. thereforeD. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. failD. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts.After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand nameAfrican Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This openedup new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all AfricansB60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (火山口)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected andpreserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bein gs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knockingat the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.” The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fullyremembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.比起节食，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。

2018届普陀区中英语二模试卷D18.Sara is famous because she has done some good things with the money she has.D. Listen to the passage and complete to following sentence（听短文，完成下列句子。

每空限填一词）21.Two robber entered a hotel on the night of Monday ______ ___22.The robber took the money from the hotel’s safe and ____ _____23.Then the robbers went into a ____ ____ and robbed some money here.24.The robbers were both wearing _____ _____ and blue jeans.25.The hotel staff and the repairman（修理工）said the robbers were ___ ____Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and VocabularyI. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）26.Which of the following underlined parts isdifferent in pronunciation from the others?A.This tea table is for saleB.Mark will plan for a trip to HongKongC.Where is my school bag?D.We usually have some noodles for lunch.27.Many schools provide free lessons for students to play ____ football in afternoon.A.t heB./C.aD.on28.The manager was angry ____ Morris because he sent e-mails to the wrong customer again.A.a tB.toC.withD.from29.We should work hard and to ____ best to realize our dreamsA.u sB.ourC.oursD.ourselves30.Turn the heat down,____ the food in the pot will burn.A.a ndB.soC.butD.or31.-Which pair of jeans do you prefer,the one with the blue belt or the one with the red belt?-_______ . I like the one with the brown belt.A.B othB.AllC.NoneD.Neither32.Have ____ try and maybe you will find a proper solution.A.a notherB.the otherC.otherD.others33.The first snow came ____ than usual in our hometown this year.A.earlyB.earlierC.earliestD.the earliest34.Jill likes her new neighborhood because most people here greet others with a ___ smile.A.lovelyB.happilyC.politelyD.beautifully35.The company didn’t stop improving this new machine ____ it worked well.A.ifB.unlessC.untilD.after36.We wondered if Judy_____ to Australia next week for business.A.fliesB.have flownC.hasflown D.would fly37.Many leaders _____ to attend the Closing Ceremony（闭幕式）of Winter Olympics in February.A.be invitedB.were invitedC.will be invitedD.have been invited38.All the numbers of the team hope ____ a wonderful result of the project.A.hadB.haveC.to haveD.having39.The girl practiced_____ the piano for the three hours every day to win the contest.A.playB.playsC.to playD.playing40.Rose and Minnie ____ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank.A.knowsB.knowC.have knownD.had known41.Kevin____ in his room when the big fire broke out.A.sleepB.sleptC.was sleepingD.will sleep42.-_____ people are coming to the party?-About 40.A.H ow manyB.How soonC.How farD.How long43.Wendy___ join our school football team next term, but she is not very sure.A.s houldB.mayC.mustD.need44.-The sun shines brightly. Why not go out for a walk in the school garden?-______A.G ood ideaB.That’s all rightC. N ot at allD.Thank you very much45.-Would you like me to bring your a cup of tea?-_____A.Y es,I’d like toB.It’s a pleasure.C. Y es,pleaseD.It doesn’t matterIII. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once (将下列单词填入空格。