1 句子练习(中译英） 1、 CNNIC数据显示，农村网民成为新增网民的主要部分，73，00 万新增网民中的成，即有2917万来自农村。截至2007年12月底，我国农村网民数量达到5262万，年增长率达到127.7% 2、 玉米产品1月份出口93.8万吨，同比增长1.25倍；净出口93.7万吨，同比增长1.26倍。 3、2007年，全国汽车商品累计进出口总值为668.78亿美元。其中，进口总值259.82亿美元，同比增长24.45%;出口总值408.96亿美元，同比增长45.31%。 4、 上半年全国新批外商投资企业18683家，同比下降5.4%；实际吸收外资319亿美元，同比增长12.2%。 5、 2007年，居民消费价格比年上涨4.8%，其中食品价格上涨12.3%。商品零售价格上涨3.8%。固定资产投资价格上涨3.9%。 句子练习（英译中） 6. Commercial vehicle output volume stood at 2.5 million, up 22.21% compared with the previous year and passenger vehicle numbers topped 6.38 million, up 21.94% year on year. This is the first year that the growth rate of commercial vehicles has surpassed passenger vehicles. 7. In the first 11 months of last year, the major machinery manufacturers recorded 338.7 billion yuan in combined net profit, up 47.79% year-on-year. The growth rate of profits was 16 percentage points higher than that of output during that period. 8. The Chinese mainland’s exports in 2007 to Macao totaled $ 2.64 million, up 21%, while its imports from Macao rose 9.7% to reach $ 280 million, the Minister of Commerce said. 9. China saw its trade surplus drop sharply year on year in February 2008 to US $8.555 billion, about one quarter of that recorded in the same month last year, the General Administration of Customs said on Monday. 10. China’s consumer price index (CPI), the main gauge of inflation, retouched an 11-year monthly high with a 7.1% rise in January. Huge increases in food prices had pushed up CPI by 4.8 percent in 2007, also the highest level since 1997. 2 篇章练习 Words and Expressions slump 下降 yen 日元 trade deficit 贸易逆差 surplus 顺差 annualized 按年计算的 dividend 股息 current account 经常帐户/经常项目 surfeit 过度/过量 hypothesis 假设 • The slump in global demand and a strengthening yen have crushed Japan’s exports. In the six months from last year to January, it had an annualized trade deficit of 4 trillion yen ($ 39 billion), compared with a surplus of almost 11 trillion yen a year earlier.// Japan’s foreign-investment income is also shrinking, thanks to lower dividends and interest rates. As a result, its total current account surplus plunged to only 125 billion yen in December, 92% less than a year ago. Figures due on March 9th may even show a deficit in January. Most economists still expect a surplus for the year as a whole, but a much reduced one of perhaps 1% of GDP, down from a peak of 4.8% in 2007.// Japan has had a current account surplus in every year since 1981, because of a surfeit of domestic saving over investment. However, the saving rate of households has fallen from 18% of income in 1980 to an estimated 1% last year.// It may have edged up slightly over the past few months, but it is almost certainly lower than in America, where the saving rate jumped to 5% in January as falling wealth and tighter credit caused consumers to pull back.// The fall in saving is exactly what the “life-cycle hypothesis” would predict. People like to smooth consumption over their lifetime, so during their working years they spend less than they earn and accumulate wealth, which they then draw down once they retire.// The more retired folk there are relative to the number of workers, the lower the saving rate will be. The ratio of Japanese aged over 65 to those of working age rose from 14% in 1980 to an estimated 34% in 2008. It is forecast to increase to 49% by 2020.// The decline in the household saving rate and the current account surplus would seem to be connected. But Japan’s saving rate has been falling for years, so why did the external surplus still loom large until last year? The current account balance is the gap between domestic investment and total saving----including that by companies and the government as well as households.// Since the 1990s Japanese firms have swung from being big borrowers to big savers as they have sought to repay debts. A large reduction in the government’s budget deficit, from 8% of GDP in 2003 to 2% in 2007, also offset lower household saving. Meanwhile, since 1990 ，investment has fallen from 32% to 23% of GDP. As a result, the surplus of saving investment remained large until recently. 3 参考译文 全球需求的大幅下降加上日元升值严重影响了日本出口。从去年到今年一月为止的6个月里，日本贸易赤字按年折算为4万亿日元（390亿美元），而去年顺差高达11万亿日元。 由于股息和利率降低，日本对外投资收入也出现了大幅缩水。这些造成了日本12月份国际收支经常项目顺差大幅下跌，仅为1250亿日元，同比下降了92%.截至3月9日蝗数据显示一月份甚至出现了逆差。多数经济学家仍然预计全年将保持顺差，但将大幅减少，占GDP的比重可能从2007年高峰时期的4.8%下降到1%. 由于国内存款多于投资，日本自1981年以来每年都出现国际收支经常项目顺差。然而，日本家庭储蓄率己经由1980年占收入的18%降到了去年的大约1%. 过去几个月可能家庭储蓄率略有上涨，但是可以确定比美国家庭储蓄率低。美国由于财富缩水和信贷紧缩导致消费者把钱存到银行，这样美国的储蓄率飙升到了5%. 储蓄率下降就像是生命周期假说理论所预测的一样。人们希望一生都有钱花，因此年轻时花的钱要比赚的钱小以便积累财富，一旦退休之后就会取出来用，而且越取越少。 相对于就业人口而言，退休人口越多，储蓄率就越低。日本65岁以上人口与就业人口的比例从1980年的14%增加到了2008年的大约34%，预计到2020年这一比例会上升到49%。 家庭储蓄率的下降和国际收支经常项目顺差似乎有某种联系。但是日本储蓄率这么多年都是一直在下降，为什么直到去年为止对外贸易顺差还是很大呢？国际收支经常项目差是国内投资和总存款之间的差额，总存款包括公司、政府和家庭的所有存款。 自20世纪90年代以来，日本企业由于要努力偿还债务，所以从大量借款转为大量存款。政府财政赤字大大降低，从2003年占GDP的8%降为2007年的2%，这样就抵消了家庭存款的下降。同时，1990年开始，日本投资占GDP的比率从原来的32%下降到了23%，所以近年来储蓄额一直远远高于投资额。
