人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 4知识点梳理及重难点讲练

1 人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 4知识点梳理及重难点讲练

知识梳理

一、词汇梳理：

relate (v. 与……相联系) — relation (n. 关系；联系；交往) — relative (adj. 相关联的)

communicate (v. 交流；沟通) — communication (n.交流；沟通)

argue (t.争吵；争论) — argument (n.争吵；争论)

cloud (n.云；云朵) — cloudy (adj.多云的)

second (num. 第二) — secondly (第二；其次)

explain (v. 解释；说明) — explanation (n. 解释；说明)

compete (v. 竞争；对抗) — competition (n. 竞赛；比赛) — competitor (n. 竞争者；对手)

type (n. 典型) — typical (adj. 典型的)

develop (v. 发展) — development (n. 发展；发育；成长)

usual (adj. 通常的；寻常的) — usually (adv. 通常地)

二、短语梳理

hang out 闲逛 call sb. up 给某人打电话

talk about 谈论 be good at在…… 方面做得好

on the phone 在通话 look through 快速查看；浏览

be angry with 生……的气 big deal 重要的事

no problem 没什么 work out 成功地发展；解决

get on with 和睦相处；关系良好 feel lonely 感到孤独

all the time 一直 copy one's homework 抄袭某人的作业

not...anymore 不再…… study for a test 为考试而学习

make friends 交朋友 be worried about 担心……

compare...with 比较；对比 cut out 删除；删去

cause stress 造成压力 in one's opinion 依……看

compete with sb. 与某人竞争 get better grades 取得更好的成绩

turn down 关小；调低 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

get into a fight with sb. 和某人打架/吵架 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事

argue about / over (doing) sth. 就 (做) 某事而争吵或争论

be nice / friendly / good/kind to sb. 对某人友好 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 put pressure on sb. 向某人施加压力

be successful in (doing) sth. 在 (做)……方面取得成功 It's time for sth. 到做某事的时间了。

continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. 继续做某事 be always doing sth. 一直 / 总是做某事

push sb. to do sth. 督促某人做某事

重难点讲练

1. My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends. 我父母不允许我和我的朋友们闲逛。（教材 P25 )

allow v. 允许；准许 常考点

【用法详解】allow作动词，相关用法有： 2 ① allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

② allow doing sth. 允许做某事

③ be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事

My parents don't allow me to watch TV on school night. nights. 我父母不允许我在上学的晚上看电视。

We don't allow eating in the classroom. 我们不允许(有人)在教室里吃东西。

In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags 一except in hospitals.在英国，除了在医院，人们不准使用塑料袋。

【即学即用】 (2018·重庆中考)Their parents don't allow them ______ in the river because it's really

dangerous.

A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swam

2. Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.

唉，昨天我发现我妹妹在翻我的东西。(教材P26)

① find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事

find sb. doing sth. 意为"发现某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行，doing sth.作宾语补足语。

I find the girls dancing under the tree.我发现女孩们正在树下跳舞。

【拓展】find sb. do sth." 发现某人做过某事"，强调发现动作经常发生或发现动作的全过程。

I find him enter the building. 我发现他走进了大楼里。

② look through 快速查看；浏览 常考点

It's a good habit to look through newspapers everyday.每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。

【拓展】与look相关的短语还有：

look at看 look for寻找

look up查阅；向上看 look after照料；照顾

look into调查 look forward to 盼望；期待

look around环顾 look down on/upon看不起

【即学即用】 (广东中考) If you want to know more about space,please _______ the book A Brief History of

Time.

A. look through B. look around C. look after D. look down upon

3. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.

如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提供帮助。(教材P27 )

offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

Eg. Tom's father offered to pick us up. 汤姆的爸爸主动提出来接我们。

【易混辨析】offer 与 provide

词条 含义 常用结构

offer 侧重表示"主动提出；自愿给予”。 Offter sb. Sth = offer sth.to sb. 向某人提供某物

offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

provide 指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等做好

充分准备而"供给，提供”。 provide sb.with sth. = provide sth.for sb.

给某人提供某物

3 Eg. She offered me a cup of tea. = She offered a cup of tea to me. 她给我端了杯茶。

They provided us with all the books we need. = They provided all the books we need for us. 他们为我们提供我们所需要的所有书籍。

【即学即用】（天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing e Opera, so Lingling offered _______me to watch an

opera.

A. took B. takes C. to take D. taking

忙了。

4. make sth.clear 使某事清楚易懂(教材P273c)

clear adj. 清楚易懂的；晴朗的。clear在此处作形容词，意为”清楚易懂的"。副词形式为clearly。

Eg. Are these instructions clear enough? 这些说明够清楚吗？

【拓展】clear作形容词时的其他含义：

① (天气)晴朗的天空晴朗，一片蔚蓝。 The sky is clear and blue.

② 湖水清清澈的 澈见底。 The water is so clear that we can see the bottom of the lake.

③（眼睛)明亮的她有一双明亮的蓝眼睛。 She has a pair of clear blue eyes.

④ (思路)清晰的些了。 She feels that her thinking is clearer

【即学即用】 (温州中考) — Did you find the way to the new library? — Sure. Mr. White gave me very

___________ directions.

A. clear B. private C. creative D. common

5. compare A with B 将A和B 比较

(1) compare…with… 把……与……做比较 侧重指两者间的区别。

◆Compare this car with that one, and you will find the differences between them．

(2) compare…to… 把……比做……着重注意两者间的相似点。(常用于两个不同性质事物之间的比较，含有比喻的含义)

◆This song compares our country to a big family．这首歌把我的国家比作一个大家庭。

【即学即用】（泰安中考）— If you always_______ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.

—I agree. We should believe in ourselves.

A. compare B. complain C. connect D. consider

6. It’s + adj. (easy, difficult, important, necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth.