短暂性动词、延续性动词

延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别1 延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。

延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用。

live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance,sing,smoke2短暂性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。

如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,ope n,sell,start,stop 等。

3、代替短暂性动词的方法a)用延续性动词代替短暂性动词1、用have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear代替put onb)用“be＋形容词”代短暂性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be＋副词”代短暂性动词1“be＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代get up3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“be＋介词短语”代短暂性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to（此文档部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请告知删除，文档可自行编辑修改内容，供参考，感谢您的配合和支持）。

过去进行时之常见短暂性动词和延续性动词汇总过去进行时之常见短暂性动词和延续性动词汇总一、短暂性动词：短暂性动词表示动作（事情）较短时间结束的动词，不能和进行时态连用。

常见的短暂性动词主要有：arrive in(at)\get to\reach到达；come back\return 归来、回来；land 着陆；leave 离开；go 去；come来；see 看见；hear 听到；borrow 借入；lend借出；close 关闭；open打开；b egin\start开始；finish 结束、完成；become (get)变成、成为；lose 丢失；find 找到、发现；fall跌倒、降落；join 参加、加入；die 去世、死亡；get up起床；go to bed 去睡觉；wake up 苏醒、醒来；buy买；sell卖；turn on打开（电源）；turn off关闭（电源）…二、延续性动词：表示动作（事情）延续一段时间完成的动词，可以和进行时态连用。

常见的延续性动词主要有：Do做、干；walk 步行；look at 看；look for 寻找；watch观看；listen to 听；wait for 等候；wear 穿（戴）着；talk交谈；play 玩耍；study 学习；work 工作；read 阅读；wri te 书写；eat 吃饭；sleep 睡觉；keep 保存；clean打扫；cook 做饭；have 有……三、when“当……的时候”后面的动词一般采用短暂性动词的一般时态；While“当……的时候”后面的动词一般采用延续性动词的进行时态。

（在处用when或while填空；在处用括号内所给的动词的正确形式填空）、Just now I (come) in, he (read) a book.刚才当我进来的时候，他正在看一本书2、The boy (walk) on the street UFO (land) yesterday evening.（昨晚那个男孩正在街上行走当飞碟着陆的时候）3、we (swim) in the river, we (see) a fish jump out of the water this morning.（当我们正在河里游泳的时候，我们看见一条鱼跳出了水面）4、 he (read) , I (write) at this time of yesterday.（昨天这个时候当他看书时，我在写字）5、Yesterday afternoon I (get) home, my wife (cook) dinner.6、An hour ago you (leave) the bedroom, they (argue) with Mr Luo.7、 I (watch) the basketball game, suddenly the (fly) over and (hit) me.8、yesterday evening my parents (wash) clothes, my sister and I (clean).9、What your mother (do) the telephone (ring)? My Mother (sleep) , soshe didn*t hear.四、综合练习：1、What you (do) at 9:00 last night? I (watch) TV.2、Look! They (play) computers again, an hour ago they (play) computers3、While Jenny (listen) to music, the telephone (ring).4、When we (get) home, it (rain) yesterday morning.5、We (buy) a basketball last week, but it is lost( ), so we (buy) another one tomorrow.6、They (do) their homework at 7:00P.M. last night,.7、We (play) computers last night.8、They were watching TV when I came in.(变成否定句)9、The polite were looking for that thief.(一般疑问句)1 / 1。

初中英语中短暂性动词与延续性动词的用法英语中，按动词延续的时间长短，可将动词分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。

延续性动词如learn, study, work, play, wait等。

短暂性动词是非延续性动词，即动作一开始便结束的动词，又可称结束性动词，瞬间动词，如come, go, begin, start, become, join, end, die, buy, arrive, reach, borrow, lend, get to know等。

一．短暂性动词与延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法：现在完成时中用法（一）：表示发生在过去，迄今已经完成，并对现在产生影响或产生结果的动作，常用ever, yet, already, just等状语，谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是短暂性动词。

如：She has just borrowed the book from the library.(borrow是短暂性动词)I have learned a little about Japanese. (learn 是延续性动词)现在完成时中用法（二）：表示始于过去某时并一直延续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示始于过去某一时刻并一直延续到现在的时间状语连用。

如：They have lived in Nantong since 1990. (live 是延续性动词）、Mr. Black has worked here since he came to China.(work 是延续性动词)I have learned English for two and a half years.(learn 是延续性动词)所以，在现在完成时中用法（二）中，在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将短暂性动词转化为相同意义的延续性动词或状态动词。

初中英语中常见的有：1. His grandfather has died for ten years.(F)His grandfather has been dead for ten years.(T)2. My brother has joined the army for five years.(F)My brother has been in the army for five years.(T)My brother has been an armyman for ten years.(F)|3. He has gone away for a week.(F) He has been away for a week.(T)4. The film has begun for fifteen minutes.(F)The film has been on for fifteen minutes.(T)但是，短暂性动词的现在完成时的否定形式可以表示一种延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段的状语连用。

延续性动词，短暂性动词与since,for讲解延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。

短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语（如含since/for 引导的时间状语），则谓语只能使用延续性动词。

短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词，方式如下：1.直接换成延续性动词buy买-----have 有borrow借----keep 保留put on穿上---wear 穿着come/go/become来/去/变成----be 在/是2.转换成be+名词join the army 参军----- be a solider 是一名士兵join the party入党------be a Party Member 是党员Go to school 去上学-------be a student 是学生3.转换成be + 形容词/副词die死亡-----be dead是死亡的finish结束-----be over 是结束的begin开始----be on在上映/已开始leave离开----be away 远离的Fall asleep入睡----be asleep 睡着的close关闭----be closed 关着的4.转换成be+介词短语go to school 去上学----be in school 在上学join the army参军---be in the army 在军队中练习题：1、Mr Fan this watch in 2005.He it for 10 years.A.bought；has hadB.bought；has boughtC．has bought；has had D.has bought；had2、Mary came to China three years ago（改为同义句）Mary has in China since three years ago.3、I this book for a week. I have to return it now.A.borrowB.have borrowedC.have keptD.kept。

短暂(duǎnzàn)动词与延续性动词短暂(duǎnzàn)动词与延续性动词1.现在(xiànzài)完成时的构成：have / has + 动词(dòngcí)的过去分词2.现在(xiànzài)完成时的用法：（1）表示某一动作或状态开始(kāishǐ)于过去并持续到现在现在。

（此种用法适用于延续性动词）I have been in Nanyang for around 5 years.我在南阳(nán yánɡ)大约有五年了。

（2）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果（此种用法适用非延续性动词）。

I can’t go to see the movie now, because I have lost the ticket.现在我看不成电影了，因为我把票弄丢了。

3.现在完成时的标志：just, already, yet, ever, never,recently 近来 = in recent weeks (months, years)在最近的几周（月，年）里,nowadays, for + 一段时间，before (用于句子末尾); so far = up to now = till now; since + 过去某一具体时间点，since + 过去的一段时间 + ago， since + 一般过去时从句，ever since then = ever since = since then = since (自从那时起);in / over /during + the + past(last) + 一段时间。

Eg.On January 11,1998, Dr. Kataria organized the first “World Laughter Day” celebration in Mumbai, India. It was a huge success.The date was later changed to the first Sunday in May and it has been celebrated every year since.4.现在完成时中的特殊用法：短暂动词(dòngcí)的各种时态（包括现在完成时在内）不能和时间段连用(liányòng)，当它需要与时间段连用时需转换为延续性动词。

短暂性动词和延续性动词可以从字面上理解，持续的动作就是延续动词，反之就是瞬间动词（短暂动词），这个有这种感觉还是很好理解的，你看看下面的浅谈吧延续性动词:live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach ,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke瞬间性动词:open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,startenter,finish1、终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。

如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go ,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。

终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的。

如：have a cold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。

I′ve had a cold since my arrival（到达n.）.I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days. catch a cold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用take,get代替。

Put on your coat,or you′ll catch/take/get a cold.Take care not to get cold.但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。

如：Brown has taken a slight cold.注意下列句子：I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)I have had a cold for over a week.( )2、延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。

初中短暂性动词与延续性动词语法讲解根据有无含义，动词可分为实义动词和助动词；根据动词所表示的是动作还是状态，可以分为行为动词和状态动词；根据动词所表示的动作能否延缓，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

（一）持续性动词: 表示动作通常是持续性的，如：live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach, eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke①常与段时间连用。

例如：Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张先生在这儿住了两年了。

He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。

②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。

例如：Mary has worked at eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)（二）瞬间性动词: 表示动作开始即停止，如：open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,startenter,finish,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,go,lea ve,lend,mary,reach,receive , sell,等。

1，从“开始发生”到“结束/终止”：几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”的过程，如“Close the door”, “Open the door”2，有些瞬间动词的“开始—结束的过程”可能稍微长一些，但也不会很长的，如,“buy sth（买下）”：付了款、拿了发票即完成了。

所以，“我买了这块手表5年了”，在汉语中说的通，但英语的表达就不能说：I have bought the watch for five years.buy sth ---- have sth (拥有)---have/has + had sth for…A: I have had the watch for 5 years.B: It is (has been) five years since I bought the watch. C: I bought it 5 years ago.同理，“borrow sth”“借书”在办理了相关的‘登记’手续后就结束了，不可能“借”几个星期或好几年的！汉语“这本书我已经借用了2星期了。