Unit One Detailed reading

Unit 1Section A L e a r n i n g a F o r e i g n L a n g u a g eSummaryLearning a foreign language is not only very difficult and rewarding experience but also a frustrating and valuable one. When language teachers use positive methods, students feel encouraged to answer eagerly, never worrying about making mistakes. other times, teachers who are not patient cause students to lose their excitement for answering questions and their desire to say anything in English. However, very large classes may give students fewer chances to answer and may intimidate them because of those who speak much better than them. Studying English online is not different from study in the regular classroom but it gives students freedom to think out their ideas and to write a reply before posting it on the screen. Online learning also brings many benefits such as learning the value of hard work, gaining insights into other cultures, and opening our minds to new ways of thinking. Learning a foreign language by computers makes it possible to communicate with many more people and to bridge the gap between one culture and another.Teaching objectivesTo enlarge stud ents’ vocabulary and key sentence patterns.To know the meaning and usage of some important words, phrases and patternsTo gain insights into foreign language learning from others’ useful experience and learn how to take online learning.Teaching ApproachesCommunicative Teaching Approach Lecture Task-based Teaching Approach Time AllotmentText explanation 4 periodsExercises 1 periodTeaching ProceduresI. Pre-readingLead- in1.Discussion: Your Experience of Learning English1). When and where did you begin to learn English?2). Do you enjoy learning English? Why?3). How was your English teacher in junior or senior middle school?4). Do you have any trouble learning English? If any, what is it?...2. What is the most important thing to learn in English learning?ListeningSpeaking methodReadingWritingNew words: read the new words and correct their pronunciation if necessary. Explain grammatical and cultural information about some important words.1. reward v. give sth. in return for good and valuable doings 奖赏；回报e.g. Larry complimented her and was rewarded with a smile.She was generously rewarded for her work.useful phrases: reward sb. with sth.; reward sb. for sthn. reward奖赏；回报a. rewarding satisfying and worthwhile 值得做的，有益的，有意义的e.g. Teaching can be a very rewarding career.2. frustrate v. cause sb. to feel disappointed or cause the failure of sth.e.g. People are frustrated with the politicians．. We intended to go to the pop concert, but the heavy rain frustrated us.我们打算去听流行音乐会，但因大雨而未能成行。

⼤学英语综合教程3unit1讲稿Text A Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeLead-inCity Life vs Country LifeOne of the most popular topics many people talk about is whether city life is better than suburban life. Some people think city life is better than suburban life while others just have the opposite opinion. Now let us discuss this topic in small groups.Global ReadingDetailed ReadingPart 1(1)Important expression and related activity<1>get by:通过get by (on/with)勉强过活be good enough but not very good; manage to live or do things in a satisfactory way or in spite of the difficulties; surviveMy parents managed to get by on a small amount of money.It is a little bit difficult for the old couple to get by on such a small pension.We can get by with four computers at the moment, but we’ll need a couple more when the new staff members arrive.I will get by with a bicycle until I can afford a car.Your work will just get by, but try to improve it.get away with逃避惩罚; get on相处融洽; get through度过; get together相聚(2)Warm-up questionsPara 1:What are the two things that the writer has always wanted to do?(Write and live on a farm.)How does he feel about being both a writer and farmer?Does the author say he doesn’t like city or suburban life? How do you know?Para 2 & 3:Which are the two words that the writer uses to describe his life in the country?(Self-reliant and satisfying.)Why does the writer think that his life in the country is of the self-reliant type and satisfying?(3)Other important language points in the textstart up 创办live off sth. 以……为⽣get round to doing sth. 终于能抽出时间做某事far from 远⾮set out to do sth. (决⼼)开始做某事in one’s class=in one’s league 与……同⼀等级/级别keep sb. in sth. 使某⼈经常拥有某物left over剩下的不定式to主动表⽰被动：系动词后/被⽤作副词时provide sb. with sth. 提供某⼈某物take (bicycle) rides （骑⾃⾏车）出⾏watch for 守望(4) Further understandingT/F1.In the writer’s opinion, their life in the countryside is self-reliant because they cangrow all kinds of fruits and go picnicking in the summer. F (Going picnicking in summer tells us he is satisfied with the life there).2.The writer is satisfied with the life in the countryside only because their hens canlay eggs for them and their bees can provide them with honey. F (Their hens, honey, etc. contribute to their self-reliant life in the countryside).3.The writer and his family live in the countryside because they were dissatisfiedwith the life in the city and suburbs. T4. The writer uses the following words or phrases to tell readers that he is satisfied with the life in the countryside: canoe, picnic, bicycle fides, deer, hawks, fruits and honey. F (The last two words shows that his life is self-reliant).Part 2(1)Important words and expressions1.haul:1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc.The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a truck every morning.The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded villages.2) pull or drag sth. with effort or forceA crane had to be used to haul the car out of the stream.Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the crashed train.2.improvement: the act or an instance of improving or being improvedInternet service providers should develop security improvement services for their customers.The government's priorities will go to local transport improvement projects.The improvement in the job market in the past few years has been remarkable.3.supplement: add to sth. in order to improve it (followed by with)Peter does occasional freelance work to supplement his income.The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.4.indoor: situated or used inside a buildingIndoor pollution has been found to be as much as five to ten times higher inside some skyscrapers than outside.Tobacco smoke is considered as an indoor pollutant.The Mall of America, the biggest mall in USA includes the world's largest indoor amusement park.5.spray: force out liquid in small drops upon (followed by with)I’ll have to spray the roses with insecticide to get rid of the greenfly (⽛⾍的⼀种).A car went past and sprayed me with water.6.pursue: followAfter graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a minister. College students are advised to pursue a wide range of subjects.Public evening classes allow people to earn a living during the day and pursue vocational and intellectual interests in their spare time.7.stack: make into a pileOnce the last few people had left the hall, the caretakers began stacking the chairs. Before being processed into lumber,the wood must be carefully stacked to prevent warping (变形，翘⾯).8.wicked: evil or badI would rather starve in a ditch than accept the fortune upon such wicked terms.We are all born good, but can be taught to be wicked.(2)Warm-up questionsPara 4:Is life in the country easy for the writer and his family?(No. Sometimes it is really tough.)Para 5:How many hours does the author have to work everyday?What chores and work have kept Sandy busy all the time?Para 6:What was their first winter like?Para 7:What happened when the first spring came?How was the first flood?What does the second flood actually refer to?(It refers to their great harvest.)(3)Other important language points in the texthelp sb. (to) do sth./with sth.帮助某⼈做某事; can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事manage to do sth.设法做某事spend some time on sth./in doing sth. 花费某些时间做某事demanding=needing effort繁重的take lessons上课on one’s own某⼈⾃⼰now and then=sometimes 不时地as the old saying goes正如俗语所说fill up with=be full of塞满了piles of⼤堆⼤堆的conversion=>P19.IIIPart 3(1)Important words and expressions1.get through: come successfully to the endThe local government has taken some measures to ensure that all the people will get through the winter.She got through the entrance examination and was accepted by the college.2.at that point: at that very moment, right thenThe train was now only a couple of yards from the kids on the track. At that very point, Anthony threw himself forward and pulled them clear.The man suddenly held up a poster. At that point, all TV cameras were pointed at him.3.on balance: with all things consideredI think, on balance, I didn't treat you unfairly.On balance, it’s probably not advisable to change the company's name.6.illustrate: provide with visual features; clarify by use of examples, etc.Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point.The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs.7.generate: bring into existence, produceThe widespread use of Spanish in some American cities has generated a public debate over language use in the country. Space technology has generated thousands of products for everyday use such as lightweight materials used in running shoes.8.insurance: a guarantee that you will receive money if something is lost or damaged, or have repairs paid for, by a financial company in return for regular payments you make to themMany nations have some form of compulsory unemployment insurance.People regularly buy insurance to reduce uncertainty and to protect themselves from future disasters.9.pick up: be ready to payIf he loses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs.Taxpayers will be picking up the tab (bill) for the improved public transport network.10.minor: lesser or smaller in mount or importance, etc.The Ford Company made only minor changes to the Model T for nearly two decades. They only encountered minor problems in their first space night.11.premium: a sum of money that you pay regularly to an insurance company for an insurance policyThe employers make the employees pay for a large portion of their health insurance premium.Some people are complaining that car insurance premiums have increased too much this year.12.aside from: except for; in addition to (more usual in American English; same as apart from)Aside from an occasional game of tennis, he does not take any exercise.This essay is good aside from a couple of spelling mistakes.They were going to have other expenses, aside from the school fees.13.cut back: reduce in size or mount (used in the patterns: cut back sth. cut back on sth.)There is a growing movement to cut back the government's role in agriculture and to reduce subsidies paid to farmers.The government has cut back on defense spending.14.lower: make or become smaller in amount, degree, etc.Increasing your intake of fruits and vegetables can lower your risk of getting some types of cancer.Governments may raise or lower taxes to achieve social and economic objectives. 15.dine out: eat a meal away from home (usu. in a restaurant)With the improvement of living standards, more people dine out at weekends.It's my daughter's birthday today, so we're dining out tonight.16.patronize: go to as a customerWhen he was a student, Sterling often patronized the little restaurant near the school. They no longer patronize the local department store because of its poor service.17.extravagant: wasteful and excessiveShe is very extravagant – she spends all her money on clothes.It was terribly extravagant of you to buy five bottles of champagne; tow would have been plenty.(2)Warm-up questionsPara 8:What decision did the writer make in the following year?Did he and his family have any doubts?Para 9:What does have to do in order to write his stories?Para 10:How did the writer handle the financial problem they face since they moved to the country?Para 11:By what ways do they maintain their standard of living in case of lower income? (3)Other important language points in the textthink about doing sth. 考虑做某事timing: the selecting of the time for doing or saying sth. to obtain the desired effect Asking the boss for a raise on the day that a huge loss was reported was an act of very bad timing.Your timing is perfect; I was just about to go serve lunch.keep doing⼀再have right to do sth. 有权做某事hitch up 套车check sth. Out调查anywhere near = to any extent or degree 到达某种程度I am not anywhere near finished.She is not anywhere near as kind as he is.when it comes to⾄于=> P20.1(1-4)be stuck with: have sth. you do not want because you can’t get rid of it 被难住，处于困境We were stuck with unexpected visitors.The professor was stuck with the boy’s question.be covered against＝be insured against 为……保险aside from=apart from 此以外set aside＝save保存(money/time）make up 弥补standard of living ⽣活⽔准(4) Further understandingMultiple ChoicesChoose the best answer to complete the sentence.1.The writer quitter his job because ____________. da.he thought he would have a better time in the countrysideb.he would have more work to do in the year to comec.he was sure that he had enough money to support his familyd.he just wanted to improve the quality of his family’s life in the country2.In order to write sorties for Smithsonian the writer had to ______. ba.crawl into black-bear densb.hitch up dogsled racing teamsc.check out the Lake Champlain “monster”d.canoe through the Boundary Water wilderness area of Minnesota3.The total premium of the writer’s family every year is ________. aa.$960b.$2,000c.$400d.$5604.Suppose the medical fee for the writer’s wife is $3,000, the insurance companyhas to pay _____. ba.$2,400b.$2,000c.$3,000d.$5005.In order to save the money the writer’s family ______. ca.drink less wineb.never go to see any balletc.go to some less expensive restaurant once or twice a monthd.attend the opera twice a monthPart 4(1)Important words and expressions1. suspect: believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about (used in the patterns: suspect sb./ sth. of sth.; suspect that)China banned cosmetics suspected of containing substances that cause mad cow disease.It was perfectly all right, Henry said, because the police had not suspected him of anything.Scientists realized that Mars’evolution had been more complex and fascinating than they had suspected.2.budget:any plan that a person, organization or government has that shows how they will raisemoney and how they will spend the money they haveThe personal or family budget is a financial plan that helps individuals to balance income and expenses.The General Assembly has exclusive authority to set the UN budget, paid for by allmembers according to an agreed quota (配额).3.requirement: sth. needed or asked forPatience is definitely a requirement for a career in teaching.Many schools have tightened their requirements, and test scores for admission have been rising.4.scale: a relative level or degree (usu. used in the phrase on a ... scale)After the Selma protest Martin Luther King continued to organize protests but not any on such a grand sca1e.We tested our new teaching methods on a small scale. Indeed only six classes were involved in it.5.resist:keep from giving in to or enjoying (used in the patterns: resist sth.; resist doing sth.)We couldn’t resist laughing at him in those funny clothes.Keep me away from the duty-free shop. You know I can't resist expensive perfumes.6.temptation: the feeling of being tempted to do sth. that you know might be wrong or harmful; the thing youwant to have (uncount or count)The kids can't resist the temptation of McDonald's.In my view students should resist the temptation to take part-time jobs in their first two years at college.7.device: a piece of equipment designed to serve a special purposeFor consumers without access to PCs, intelligent set-top devices will be their guide to digital photography.They suspected that an explosive device had been left somewhere inside the building. The rescuers used a special device for finding people trapped in the coalmine.8.profit: an advantageous gain or returnThe tax is likely to hit his company's profits by up to 3 per cent in future.He makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies.9.invest: commit (money or capital) in order to gain a financial return (used in the patterns: investmoney; invest money in sth. invest in sth.)We have invested most of the money in shares in British companies.When people buy houses they're investing a lot of money.My parents intend to invest in stocks and bonds.10.primarily: mainlyWe are primarily concerned with improving our working conditions.Men can usually run faster than women, primarily because they have greater muscular strength.(2)Warm-up questionsPara 12 & Para 13:According to the author, what special qualities are necessary for people to live in the countryside? Para 14:How will the writer and his family feel if they have to leave their farm someday?Will the writer sell his farm right now?Para 15:Why did the writer and his family decide to move to the country? Have they finally realized their dream?(3)Other important language points in the texta couple of ⼀对；⼀些on a tight budget ⼿头紧be involved in 参加self-sufficiency ⾃给⾃⾜的resist the temptation to do sth. 抵制做某事的诱惑not counting 不包括stay on 留在make a fair profit on sth. 在……上⼤赚⼀笔invest…in 投⼊look for 追求，向往Post-reading tasksUseful Expressions过得去get by寻觅⼼灵的满⾜find contentment⾃⼒更⽣的⽣活 a self-reliant life艰苦的⽣活 a hard/tough life⽇常的家务household routine正如⽼话说的那样as old saying goes温馨快乐每⼀分钟love/enjoy every minute of sth.过冬get through the winter长青滕联合会学校Ivy League schools带着……的祝福with sb.’s blessings总的来说on balance担任全职⼯作be employed full time贷款按揭mortgage payments⾄于……When it comes to …除……以外apart from外出吃饭dine out⽣活⽔准/⽔平standard of living /living standard 弥补收⼊差额make up the difference in income 听歌剧看芭蕾演出attend the opera and ballet耐得住寂寞 a tolerance for solitude⾃给⾃⾜self-sufficiency抵制诱惑resist the temptation to do sth.怆然离去leave with a feeling of sorrow⾃豪感 a sense of pride⼀旦经济状况好转once economic conditions improve 赚钱earn money。

Unit 1Text A Cyberspace: If You Don’t Love It, Leave It(信息空间：出入遂愿)Teaching Objectives（教学目的）Students will be able to1. grasp the main idea and structure of the text2. master the key language points and grammatical structures3. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Teaching procedures（教学步骤）(1) Pre-reading activity （Period1）a. Information related to the textb. Introduction to the Textc. Pre-reading questions(2)While-reading activity（Periods2-3）a. The organization of the textb. Detailed reading---study of the language points(3) Post-reading activity （Period4）a. Speaking Activityb. Writing Practicec. Have students finish the exercisesPeriod 1Pre-reading activitya. Background Information1. Introduction to the AuthorEsther Dvson was born in 1 95 1 in Zurich, Switzerland. She grew up in Princeton, New Jersey,and received a B. A. from Harvard. Dyson is the editor and publisher of the widely respected computer newsletter Release 1．0 which circulates to 1, 600 computer industry leaders. She is chairperson of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, an industry—financed civil liberties watchdog group. Dyson is also the organizer and moderator of the annual Personal Computer Forum. ……Cyber space：If You Don‟t Love It, Leave It” appeared in the New York Times Magazine (July 1995).2. Introduction to the TextCyberspace generally refers to the Internet and the information contained on it. Useful information is easily accessible to any computer user via a modem and a server. For this reason, many people are fascinated with cyberspace. Unfortunately, cyberspace also offers undesirable information and indecent pictures. Some websites even give instructions in stealing, gambling and other crimes, thus creating social problems. Therefore, for some, cyberspace is a nasty place that good citizens shouldavoid and government should control. What should be done? Should cyberspace be destroyed? Should it be strictly regulated? These issues are discussed in the present article.3. Pre-reading questionsLead-in questionsPurposes：·To present key words and phrases related to Internet and cyberspace·To encourage students to think about the topic of the coming text, i．e．cyberspace ·To arouse students‟ interest in the topic of the coming text·To develop students‟ skill in predicting the main idea of the textMethodology：1．In activity 1, some key words and phrases along with their definitions are presented．Although many students are already familiar with these words and phrases, they cannot always give accurate definitions of them in English. To make sure that the whole class participate in the discussion, let them work in pairs first and then encourage them to compare their answers with other neighboring classmates. By working with a partner first and then more classmates, students should be able to match the terms and definitions correctly. There is no need to check the answers in class, but be ready to provide any help they need while they are working．2．Activity 2 is designed to arouse students‟ interest in the topic of the text and prepare them to read the text actively. Make sure that everybody is interviewing or is being interviewed. They can ask the five questions 1isted in the textbook. Also encourage them to think of other questions to ask. If time permits，you can find one or two students to report to the class what they have found．3．In order to get the whole class involved, pair—work is recommended for activity 3.It may be very easy for your students to give a list of reasons why they like cyberspace. For example, they can do all the things listed in activity 2 and perhaps many others. Encourage students to think critically about cyberspace，for example，what problems cyberspace has created or may create, what harm it may do to adults and children in their life, work and studies, etc．4．Activity 4 can be a class discussion．But control the time!Key to lead-in questions1．Match the terms with the definitions．1) cyberspace: the Internet and the information on it (e)2) cyberspace community: a group of people with similar interests and tastes communicating among themselves on the Internet (f)3) e-mail: messages that computer users send to each other via a modem and servers on the Internet (b)4) the Internet／N et: a network of computers through which people with a computer and a modem can exchange messages (C)5)surfing the Internet: looking for information on the Internet(a)6) website: the place where screens of information are found on the Interact(d)2．&3．(略)Answers can be diverse．4．The title ……Cyberspace：If You Don‟t Love It, Leave It” consists of two parts divided by a“：”. The first part tells us the subject of the article; the second part indicates a choice: love it, or leave it. You have complete freedom．Period 2-3While-reading activitya. The organization of the textThe Gist of the ArticleThis article mainly answers three questions:·What is the nature of cyberspace?·What does cyberspace comprise?·Should cyberspace be regulated? If so，how should it be regulated?In paragraphs 1 to 5, the author defines the nature of cyberspace by comparing it with real Estate. According to the author, cyberspace is like real estate consisting of many different areas such as Darkland, shopping mall, school district, church, state and drugstore. Cyberspace also consists of different places, each place catering to the tastes and interests of a particular group of people. It is up to the individual to decide which area to go to. Unfortunately, some places are not suitable for children, others are nasty places that good citizens should avoid. Therefore, many people think that cyberspace should be regulated.Paragraphs 6 to 1 0 discuss what cyberspace comprises. According to the author, cyberspace comprises three parts. First, there are e—mail conversations. Second, there are information and entertainment services. Third, there are communities in which individuals can choose to participate. If they are not interested in a particular cyberspace community and its rules，they can simply leave it.The author argues in paragraphs 11 to 16 that, besides government regulations, cyberspace communities should also rule themselves by setting and enforcing their own community standards. Some communities are already doing so.The author admits at the end of the article that cyberspace, like any terrestrial place, is not a perfect place; it has its own problems, but individuals can exercise their freedom to choose what suits them: they can have individual choice and responsibility.b. Detailed reading---study of the language pointsDetailed reading of the textPurposes：·To help students draw important facts of each paragraph ‟· To help students identify and remove the source of difficulty in understanding the text · To help students actively interact with the text and develop strategies to work out the meaning of the text·To give students practice in note-takingMethodology：When working through the text, you can, besides explanation (refer to “DetailedEx planation of the Text‟‟ in the student’s book), use the technique of asking questions to develop students‟understanding. Make sure students always keep their text open when they answer the questions. The purpose of asking questions is to make students actively interact with the text and develop their strategies to draw the meaning from the text. At the same time, they can become aware of the way language is used to convey meaning. There is a close connection between answering questions and developing understanding.At the start, three types of questions should be designed for this purpose. First, straightforward questions ne ed to be asked to draw students‟attention to important facts in the text and to ensure they understand the literal meaning of the facts．The second type of questions should be used to develo p students‟ skills of tackling difficult sentences．The third type should make students recognize grammatical and lexical features that play a crucial part in the interpretation of the text．…When students answer your questions they should also practice taking notes.You can ask the following questions orally.1. What do Americans like to do ?2. Is there a place on earth where you can go and be yourself?3. What was cyberspace formerly? Who go to cyberspace now ?4. What is real estate?5. What metaphor does the author use to describe cyberspace ?6. In what way is cyberspace similar to real estate?7. What places in cyberspace are capturing the popular imagination?8. What advantage does cyberspace have over television system?9. Why, according to the author, do e-mail conversations require no regulations ?10. In what way is cyberspace like bookstores, malls and movie houses?1l. In what way is cyberspace like bars and restaurants?12. How do cyberspace communities evolve? Give examples to illustrate your point.13. What is the unique characteristic about cyberspace according to the author?14. What freedom do people in cyberspace have that people in terrestrial environmentsdo not have?15. what will happen if people in a cyberspace community sign off?16. What kind of government will cyberspace communities need 717. What measures can be taken to deal with questionable items in cyberspace? Canyou give an example?18. Is cyberspace a perfect place? If not, why are people so excited about it ?Period 4Post-reading activitya. Speaking ActivityAsk Ss to discuss the “pros and cons of the Internet” in groups and then present their opinions in class.b. Writing PracticeWith the help of writing strategies on P23, Ss write a composition “The Pros and Consof the Internet”.c. Have students finish the exercises。