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《高级英语》课文逐句翻译（12）我为什么写作Lesson 12：Why I Write从很小的时候，大概五、六岁，我知道长大以后将成为一个作家。
From a very early age，perhaps the age of five or six，I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer.从15到24岁的这段时间里，我试图打消这个念头，可总觉得这样做是在戕害我的天性，认为我迟早会坐下来伏案著书。
Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to adandon this idea，but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.三个孩子中，我是老二。
老大和老三与我相隔五岁。
8岁以前，我很少见到我爸爸。
由于这个以及其他一些缘故，我的性格有些孤僻。
我的举止言谈逐渐变得很不讨人喜欢，这使我在上学期间几乎没有什么朋友。
I was the middle child of three，but there was a gap of five years on either side，and I barely saw my father before I was eight- For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely，and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.我像一般孤僻的孩子一样，喜欢凭空编造各种故事，和想像的人谈话。
龙源期刊网 浅析撒旦在弥尔顿《失乐园》中的形象作者：何其琪来源：《资治文摘》2017年第04期Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse written by British poet John Milton in the17thcentury。
John Milton first shapes a negative character Satan as a hero in the field of literature。
It subverts the conventional concept and integrates social ideals firmly。
Satan is not only an unyielding and rebellious hero but also a degenerate and cunning conspirator。
In this story，the formation of the double images of Satan makes the ideological content of the story sublimated。
Satan and his followers intend to fight against God。
They hold a meeting to discuss whether to have an adventure at the risk of life or not in order to rebuild their paradise。
Satan bravely volunteers to explore the new world race。
He insists on being against God on condition that his followers are begging for forgiveness。
弥尔顿失乐园英文评述paradiselostParadise LostMelton's magnum opus, the blank-verse epic poem Paradise Lost, was composed by the blind and impoverished Milton from 1658 to 1664 (first edition) with small but significant revisions published in 1674 (second edition). As a blind poet, Milton dictated his verse to a series of aides in his employ. It has been argued that the poem reflects his personal despair at the failure of the Revolution, yet affirms an ultimate optimism in human potential.The extract from Paradise Lost ids mainly talking about: Mammon who was the least erected spirit that fell from Heaven, discovered and robbed wealth with evil and greed from earth to build his paradise. When he was in Heaven, he was preferred gold and pavement other than admiring holy and bright side. This time, Mammon educated people to be greed and evil. He led a group of people to seize treasure from the mother of earth. With spade and pickax, all the miseducated men were devoted to trenching a field or casting a rampart. Soon his group had opened the hill into a spacious wound and gained ribs of gold. Meantime, another team digged many caves, magic flames under caves melted the gold and then pured all those with somewhat magic thicks. At the same time, the third groups had finished various models for architecture. Still with magic power, all the gold in boiled liquid flowed followed pipes of the buildings. It sounds like a pleasure beautiful music. Quickly and unexpected, a resplendent and magnificent palace was just stood there.The story wants to show that the roots of human’s disasters. People tends to be emotional and easy to be on the wrong pathdue to lack of rational, strong will. That’s why people would always break regulations when influenced by various factors from the outside of the world. So is paradise lost. The author criticised those attitude and ill-mind. He affirmed people’s gumption, negated infinite hedonism. And also he affirmed people’s sens e of pride, negated the breeding pride and ambition. Just like the least erected spirit Mammon, he was too evil and greedy, and mislead the delicate human to be the same ones. They destroyed the earth, plundered the wealth resources of earth. All these com from their easily broken will. People there build up the resplendent and magnificent palace, hoping eternally lived in easy and comfortable without worries and danger.In the extract of Paradise Lost, Milton shows excellent means of artistic expression. Dazzling and lyric figure of speech. Such as veins of liquid fire, as in an organ from one blast of wind, rose like an exholatior, or build like a temple. He also use the manner in which Latin is used in speaking or writing. Furthermore,he used canorous tone which expressed the sweet of tonality. For example, too many arow of pipes the sound-board breathes anon out of the earth a fabric huge of dulcet symphonies and voices sweet. There is also a part of argument by Milton in the extract, let none admire that riches grow in hell. That soil may bestdeserve the precious bane. And here let those who boast in mortal things, and wondering tell of Babel, and the works of Memphian kings. Learn how their greatest monuments of fame, and strength, and art, are easily out-done by spirits reprobate, and in an hour what in an age they with incessant toil and hands innumerable scarce perform.Features of Milton’s works.(1) Milton is one of the very few truly great English writers who is also a prominent figure in politics, and who is both a great poet and an important prose writer. The two most essential things to be remembered about him are his Puritanism and his republicanism.(2) Milton wrote many different types of poetry. He is especially a great master of blank verse. He learned much from Shakespeare and first used blank verse in non-dramatic works.(3) Milton is a great stylist. He is famous for his grand style noted for its dignity and polish, which is the result of his life-long classical and biblical study.(4) Milton has always been admired for his sublimit of thought and majesty of expression.。
失乐园堕落的人性失乐园（Paradise Lost）是英国文学家约翰·弥尔顿创作的一部史诗，被称为英国文学史上的巅峰之作。
这部史诗以诗歌的形式，描绘了上帝创造了人类并放置他们在伊甸园中，然而，由于人类的背叛，失乐园最终受到了诸多的破坏和堕落。
本文将探讨失乐园中所展现的人性的堕落。
一、人类起初的纯真无邪在失乐园的开篇，亚当和夏娃代表着人类的起源，他们在伊甸园中生活得无忧无虑，纯真无邪。
这可从诗中描述他们对自然界的美丽景色的赞美和他们与上帝的早晨散步中窥见。
亚当和夏娃的人性被辜负影响，他们与自然和谐相处，并且忠诚地遵循上帝的命令。
二、堕落的种子的播下然而，失乐园中人性的堕落也正在逐渐暴露。
一次夜晚，夏娃梦中显现了上帝指示不吃智慧果实的警示，但她仍旧接受了蛇的诱惑，给亚当吃智慧果实。
这一行为既是对上帝的背叛，也是人性堕落的开始。
通过夏娃的受蛇操纵和亚当自愿的选择，人类失去了纯真和上帝的恩典。
三、人性的蜕变与堕落堕落后，亚当和夏娃开始感受到羞耻、恐惧和痛苦等负面情绪。
他们的那段早晚散步已经终止，他们感到了人性的局限和蜕变。
而在他们被驱逐出伊甸园之后，他们必须在外面的世界里工作和生活，饱受人类生活中的辛苦。
四、诱使堕落的势力在失乐园中，堕落的人性不仅是由人类主动选择，也受到了一些外在力量的影响。
其中，蛇作为撒旦的化身之一，是夏娃堕落的关键人物之一。
蛇以诱人的语言，诱使夏娃去吃智慧果实，从而破坏了她与上帝的纯洁的关系。
同时，撒旦的诱惑和欺骗也离不开人类的贪婪和虚荣心。
五、对堕落的思考弥尔顿通过描述夏娃与亚当的堕落，让读者对人性的堕落产生了思考。
人类的叛逆和背叛，成为了人性堕落的起因。
在诗中，弥尔顿试图探讨人性是否永远受到堕落的束缚，亚当和夏娃的错误是否能得到原谅。
六、堕落后的积极思考尽管失乐园中描述了人性的堕落，但同时也有积极的思考。
弥尔顿通过亚当和夏娃的反思和忏悔，揭示了人类在经历堕落后寻求救赎和重新获得上帝恩典的可能性。
《失乐园》节选Nine times the space that measures day and night依照人间的计算，大约九天九夜，To mortal(凡人的) men, he with his horrid(可怕的,恐怖的)crew 他和他那一伙可怕的徒众Lay vanquished(征服,击败), rolling in the fiery(火的) gulf (深渊,深坑)沉沦辗转在烈火的深渊中Confounded(狼狈的) though immortal: But his doom(厄运,毁灭) 虽属不死之身，却象死者一样横陈；Reserved him to more wrath(愤怒,狂怒); for now the thought但这个刑罚反激起他更大的忿怒，Both of lost happiness and lasting pain既失去了幸福，又受无尽痛苦的煎熬。
Torments(折磨) him; round he throws his baleful(哀伤的) eyes他抬起忧虑的双眼，环视周遭，That witnessed huge affliction(苦恼, 折磨) and dismay摆在眼前的是莫大的隐忧和烦恼，Mixed with obdurate(顽固的) pride and steadfast(不变的) hate: 顽固的傲气和难消的憎恨交织着。
At once as far as angels ken(看到) he views霎时间，他竭尽天使的目力，望断The dismal(凄凉的) situation waste and wild,际涯，但见被风弥漫，浩渺无限，A dungeon(地牢) horrible, on all sides round四面八方围着他的是个可怕的地牢，As one great furnace(火炉,熔炉) flamed, yet from those flames象一个洪炉的烈火四射，但那火焰No light, but rather darkness visible却不发光，只是灰蒙蒙的一片，Served only to discover sights of woe(悲哀;悲痛)可以辨认出那儿的苦难景况，Regions of sorrow, doleful(令人伤心的)shades, where peace悲惨的境地和凄怆的暗影。
Satan is comparable in many ways to the tragic heroes of classic Greek literature but, Satan's hubris far surpasses those of previous tragedies. 撒旦在许多方面相当经典的希腊文学的悲剧英雄,但撒旦的傲慢远远超过之前的悲剧。
Formerly the most beautiful of all angels in Heaven, he's a tragic figure曾经最美丽的天使在天堂,他是一个悲剧性人物The image of Satan in Paradise Lost is extremely complex and subtle. He seems to be almost heroic in the earlier portion of the poem, grand and majestic in appearance, fearless in character. 弥尔顿在《失乐园》中撒旦的形象是极其复杂和微妙。
他似乎几乎英雄在前面部分的诗,和雄伟的外观,无所畏惧的性格。
but when facing with the god`s cruel punishment, although it so heavy a burden for him to bear, he got through it, he was not scared to quivered. Instead, he made his mind to oppose god. He soon recovering from defeat and he called on all his followers to regain their courage. He told them to do good reparation to the future fight. 这会让人感觉绝望,痛苦将深化在这样的环境中。
