2011年全国中考英语试题真题————单词拼写部分(1)解析

2011 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile –or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining 4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe 5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief 7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected 8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes 9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance 10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal 11．[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As for12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at 13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because 14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses 15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond 16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold 17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent 18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted 19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]ConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Ant hony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointmentin the Times, calls him “a n unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The wi despread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that diffe rence? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Par a.1 that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in r evitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspira tions. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nodalso may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26.When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28.The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go?[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media –such as television commercials and print advertisements – still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media , such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besidesgenerating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “earned” media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature[A] a safe business environment.[B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic.[D] flexibility in organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media.[B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampe n our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single –mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wond er if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single mostimportant thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake. It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every wee k of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a littl e bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect[D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.[B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”-they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later.Fewer students requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the kn owledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.”So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.”Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and crit icize.”Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.”Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand dose not say. [G] The subtle and intelligent little book T he Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are.” Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “ get” success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.\Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”(48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This ,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Alle n’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendation Your should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the leter. User“LI MING” instead.Do not writer the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160---200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explai n it’s intended meaning, and3)give your comments.Your should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)旅程之“余”2011年考研英语一真题答案及详解Section I Use of English1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC1.C解析：语义逻辑题。

2011年全国各地市110份中考真题解析版汇编书面表达【2011北京】十、文段表达（15分）根据中文和英文提示，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的回信。

信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所完成的回信内。

请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

75. 成长中每个人都要面对烦恼，并解决问题。

假设你叫刘明，是美国中学生艾丽的朋友，你收到了她的电子邮件，请给她回复，回答她的问题，提出你的建议，并就此事谈谈你的看法。

【解题要点】1. 回答她的问题2. 提出建议3. 对于此事谈谈你的看法来信内容简要说明：Alice表示自己的好友Angela问自己借钱，但自己不知是否该借给她，担心对方可能不能归还。

问刘明是否遇到同样的问题？请刘明给自己一些建议，期待回信。

【解题思路】依旧牢记"结构、要点、逻辑、语法、亮点"五大要素，审题一定要仔细，看准题目中的要点为：回答她的问题；提出建议；对于此事谈谈你的看法。

1. 结构、要点文章第一部分，首先要做的就是在来信中找问题，很明显，只有一个问句" Do you have the same problem?" ，所以作文中应该开门见山：I have the same problem. / I have never met things like this. 而且，来信的第一句话为" I'm so sad."，所以第一部分内容可以表示安慰" Don't worry" 或者表示理解对方的感受"I can understand you."文章第二部分，根据第二个要点，提出建议。

可能涉及到如下几种建议，如：If it's not a lot of money, you can lend it to her.（如果钱不多的话，可以借给她）If she wants to borrow a lot of money from you, you'd better suggest her to ask her parents for help. （如果她想要借很多钱的话，你最好建议她去问她的父母寻求帮助）If you decide to help her, then trust her, because she is your close friend.（如果你决定把钱借给她的话，就要信任她，因为她是你的好朋友。

2011年全国各地中考真题单词拼写大集锦一、根据句意和所给的首字母填单词。

【2011•四川成都】1. My mother is a nurse. She works in a famous h .2. Tom, if you are t , drink this water.3. When little Jack gets excited, he j up and down.4. With the help of the local people, we found the church e .5. I wonder why I can't get good grades a I have been studying so hard.答案：1. hospital 2. thirsty 3. jumps 4. easily 5. although二、根据句意和所给的首字母填单词。

【2011•广州】1. What a p______ ! I failed the chemistry exam again.2. My sister often helps me with my homework. She is very h .3. It has been sunny all day, so I don’t think it will r_____ tomorrow.4. If you are f___ this afternoon, let’s go shopping.5. Listen carefully and _a____ my question.答案：1. pity 2. helpful. 3. rain 4. free 5. answer三．根据下列句子所给汉语注释，在句子空缺处写出单词的正确形式【2011•宁夏】1. We had a long __________ (讨论)about the plan.2. Driving on mountain roads always makes me __________ (紧张).3. I __________ (写)her several letters, hut she didn't reply.4. He introduced his lovely daughter to the guests __________ (高兴地)5. I couldn't decide __________(是否)or not to go to the party.答案1. discussion 2. nervous 3. wrote 4. happily 5. whether四.根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。

2011年全国各地市110份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择——复合句【2011•盐城】14. — Excuse me. Could you tell me ?— It will leave at 4:00 p.m.A. how will you go ShanghaiB. how you will go to ShanghaiC. when will the bus leave for ShanghaiD. When the bus will leave for Shanghai答案：D考查宾语从句。

从答句知问的应该是时间，排除A和B .又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选D。

【2011湖北·武汉】 35. - Can I join you？- Sure, we are talking about _____.A. when shall we go to the movieB. how can we go thereC. who should we go withD. why we like the movie答案：D【解析】考查了宾语从句。

宾语从句应用陈述句的语序，故排除A、B、C。

选D。

【2011安徽芜湖】48. —Could you tell me _________?—You can take No. 16 bus.A. how can we get to the Olympic ParkB. how we can get to the Olympic ParkC. how did we get to the Olympic ParkD. how we got to the Olympic Park答案：B【解析】宾语从句。

特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除D；故B为正确答案。

14. 【2011·苏州】—Can you tell me how many colors ________ in a rainbow? —Seven.A. there areB. are thereC. they areD. are they答案：A【解析】考查宾语从句。

2011年全国各地市110份中考真题解析版汇编词汇运用之根据汉语意思填词【2011浙江衢州】五、词汇运用（共15分）A.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处填入单词，每空限填一词。

Us President Obama gave a TV speech to his country's students on the__61___(第一) day of school. He made it from a _62_____(教室) in a high school. He told them to study as __63_ (努力)as they could.“No matter w hat you want to do with your life, you will need an education,” he said.“This isn't just important for your o wn life and your own future. It will ___64___(决定) the future of this country.”Obama also said that school is not always __65____(容易).The challenges of life make school a difficult time. “Maybe you can't g et your parents' ___66___(帮助). Maybe someone __67___(要求) something wrong. But there is no excuse for not doing your homework or for not t___68___(尝试) .Your attitude toward yourselves and your education is ___69______(最)important..”Students shook ___70____(手) with Obama at the end of the class.61. first 【解析】应该用序数词。

２０1１年四川各地英语中考试题分析潼川中学秦红彬2012年中考即将来临,如何在有限的时间内,将初中三年所学的英语知识进行全面,系统的复习,提高复习效率,获得好的复习效果,真正达到省时高效，是摆在每个初三毕业生面前的现实问题,也是每位毕业班任课教师需要研究,探讨的一项重要课题.我相信每个教过九年级的老师都有自己的一套思路与做法，今天借这个机会抛砖引玉谈谈自己的拙见。

复习教学要依据复习计划，复习计划的实施依据《课标》《大纲》与《考试说明》。

很多老师复习阶段不研究我们教学的理论依据，不制定切实有效的复习计划，复习教学是让教材与复习资料牵着走，也有的老师跟着复习感觉走，这些做法都是不可取的。

所以，为了更好的帮助老师们分析近几年的中考走势，以便复习更有方向，纵观近三年的中考试题来看，年年有变化，但不是很大，总之，其试题容量大，覆盖面广，要求越来越高，越来越灵活，不仅加强了对英语基础知识的考查，更突出了对运用知识的能力的考查。

特以2011年英语中考试题为例，作一个简单的分析。

让我们来看看２０１１年四川各地中考情况：四川省中考实行各市州自主命题，遵循新课改要求，以考查考生的英语运用能力为主，2011年各市州英语中考试题无论在内容还是形式上都基本稳定，同时，2011年中考试题依旧遵循稳中求变的原则，体现了有章可循，又不拘泥于传统的特点。

一、2011年四川省各地市州试卷结构分析：2011年四川省大部分市、州中考英语试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两个部分。

第Ⅰ卷为客观题，第Ⅱ卷为笔试主观题。

有的地区采用毕业卷与升学卷分离的试卷结构形式。

从分值看，有160分、150分、120分和100分不等，考试时间也都控制在90-120分钟。

题型主要集中在听力、单项选择、完型填空、阅读理解、口语应用、词汇运用和书面表达等。

以下是2011年四川部分地市中考题型及分值分布总结：二、2011年四川省各地市州题型特点分析：1、听力部分该题型着重考查考生从有声材料中获语言信息并处理信息的能力。

（最新最全）2011 年全国各地市110 份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一2011 年全国各地市110 份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择--连词与并列句【2011 山东菏泽】32. We can easily become unhappy_____ we work out our problems in our daily life.A. afterB. ifC. untilD. unless 答案：D 【解析】连词用法。

句意：在日常生活中，如果我们解决不了问题，我们很容易变的不高兴。

unless＝if not 如果不......；after 在......之后；if 如果；until直到......为止。

故选D。

【2011 山东枣庄】20. I won’t pass the exam ______I work hard..A. wheneverB. becauseC. ifD. unless答案：D【解析】D 根据句意：我将不会通过考试，除非我努力学习。

whenever 无论何时，because 因为，if 如果，unless 除非。

故选D。

【2011 山东滨州】28. -What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?-He was reading a magazine ________ I was writing an e-mail at home.A. as soon asB. afterC. untilD. while 答案：D【解析】考查连词的用法。

as soon as”一......就......”；after”在......之后”；until”直到......”；while”当......时候，和......同时”。

由答语”他在读杂志而我在写电子邮件”可知，两个动作同时进行，故选D。

【2011 山东泰安】28. -Mom, shall we have supper now?。

2011年全国中考英语试题分析英语组徐灿一、试题特点：（一）1.可从试卷结构 2.考查范围 3.试卷题型等方面分析。

（二）适当关注中考新题型。

在单选中部分考察虚拟语气和现在分词，过去分词作定语，基础部分出现同义词转化和英汉互译，阅读中有词语填空，任务型阅读，判断正误，首字母填空，根据上下文填词，翻译句子。

图片运用上不仅出现在了听力，阅读中，单选和作文中也有体现，且部分写作分成两部分，首先完成句子，然后根据话题写作，并且话题贴近生活。

二．试题归纳总结：归纳分析：听力部分主要分为选择和听写两部分。

设题由易到难，主要考察了考生获取、理解、处理信息的能力、语言运用能力及单词拼写能力。

听力试题的设计都是由浅入深，从知识到能力有一定的梯度，同从不同角度考察学生在具体语境中对语言的理解和应答能力。

此部分有直接信息和间接信息。

听力部分的选材：家庭朋友、人际关系、周围环境、日常活动等方面关于职业、建议、天气、任务描述、景物介绍、希望、祝愿、购物、表扬、感谢、旅游、就医等较贴近中学生的话题。

基本题型包括：听对话，选出相对应的图片；听句子，选答语；听对话和问题，选答案；听短文，选择答案；听对话，完成表格。

2011年输出形式趋于多样，如报告，排序，完成短文等，从多方面考查学生以听为主的语言运用能力。

至少极少数地区淡化听力，不再考查。

归纳分析：单项选择题对基础知识考察点较全面，所占分值大多为10-20分左右，中考集中于：名词，冠词，代词，介词，连词，形容词和副词的应用和比较级最高级，动词的应用，时态，短语的辨析和情态动词，非谓语动词，三大从句，交际用语等用法。

其中数词、主谓一致、疑问词、反义疑问句考察相对频率低，而短语辨析、连词、时态尤其是交际用语的考察比重加大，设题更侧重于句意理解、语境理解、英语情景等的综合能力考察，，更贴近生活。

语法性，相对淡化。

归纳分析：完型的分值在10到15分之间，此题型比较综合包含英语基础及能力运用等综合实力，拿高分比较难，近几年在试题设计上更侧重选择学生感兴趣的社会热门话题，如亲生经历或感悟性的故事比重比较大，对语法等基础知识的考察比重逐渐降低，更侧重对语篇的整体把握和对上下文的理解。

2011年河北省初中毕业生升学文化课考试英语试卷本试卷分卷Ⅰ和卷Ⅱ两部分。

卷Ⅰ为选择题，卷Ⅱ为非选择题。

本试卷共120分，考试时间120分钟。

卷I（选择题，共85分）注意事项：1．答卷Ⅰ前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、科目填涂在答题卡上。

考试结束，监考人员将试卷和答题卡一并收回。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

答在试卷上无效。

3．听力部分共包括两小节：第一节在卷Ⅰ，第二节在卷Ⅱ。

完成第一节后，请根据录音指令，在卷Ⅱ完成第二节。

听力部分（第一节）Ⅰ. 听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息。

（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）1. A. horse B. house C. mouth2. A. D4562 B. D2546 C. D56243. A. wait for B. pay for C. play for4. A. I will give Steven a cup B. Steven will make a tea C. Steven will get a cup of tea5. A. You’re buying a telephoneB. You’re making a phone callC. You’re answering the phoneⅡ. 听句子，选出该句的最佳答语。

（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）6. A. I don’t know B. I don’t have it C. It’s Jim Green7. A. In two weeks B. Twice a month C. For two days8. A. No, thanks B. Yes, please C. Okay, I will.9. A. Wonderful! B. Well done! C. No, hurry!10.A. But it’s true B. Bad luck! C. Go to see a doctor.Ⅲ. 听对话和问题，选择正确的选项。

2011年全国各地市110份中考真题解析版汇编词汇运用之首字母填词【2011湖北黄石】IV.单词拼写（每小题1分，共5分）根据句意和首字母提示，补全各小题单词。

76.—Try some more rice, please.—No, thanks. I’m f.77. Have you ever c buying a new MP4 player? It is good for you to listen to English as well asmusic.78. The football star loves his girlfriend very much and he decides to getm to her next month.79. A terrible disease has just broken out in Europe and it has caused a number ofd in some European countries.80. Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, i me.76. full 【解析】句意：—请再吃点米饭。

—谢谢，我饱了。

full, 饱的，满的。

77. considered 【解析】你曾经想过买个MP4吗？consider doing sth。

78. married 【解析】get married 固定搭配，“结婚”。

79. death【解析】欧洲刚刚爆发了一场可怕的疾病，它在欧洲一些国家造成了大量死亡。

80. including【解析】including，包括，包含。

【2011天津】根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。

每空限一次。

Bill and Simon were good friends. One summer they were on h___81____. They wanted to sail around the Caribbean Sea in their boat for two weeks.During their trip, they saw many whales. Bill and Simon were very e_82_____ because they had wanted to see them very much. Unluckily, w_83______ they were watching them, the whales began to hit the side of the boat. Suddenly, w___84___ started coming in, and they realized that they were in trouble. They q 85 jump into the lifeboat before the boat sank(沉没)，and watched it disappear under the sea.Luckily, they had enough food and water for about twenty d 86 . They also had a fishing line and a machine which could change sea water i 87 drinking water. These two things helped them to survive(存活) during their terrible experience.For the next fifty days they caught about ten fish a day and a 88 them. They saw about twenty ships, but although they waved and shouted when the ships were passing, n 89 saw them. They were becoming weaker and weaker. Then, just as they were beginning to l 90 hope, a fishing boat saved them.文章大意：本文是一片记叙文，讲了一对朋友冒险的故事。