2007年12月大学英语四级试题重点词汇和短语

xx年12月大学英语四级考试重点词汇xx年12月大学英语四级考试重点词汇essential a 必不可少的;本质的estimate n /vt 估计，估量evaluate vt 评估，评价exceed vt 超过，越出exceedingly ad 非常，极其exclaim v 呼喊，大声说exclude vt 把排斥在外，不包括exclusive a 读有的，排他的excursion n 远足flash vi 闪光，闪耀flee vi 逃走flexible a 易弯曲的flock n 羊群，(鸟兽等)一群;一伙人hardware n 五金器具harmony n 和谐，融洽haste n 急速，急忙hatred n 憎恶，憎恨incident n 事件，事变index n 索引，标志infant n 婴儿infect v 传染inferior a 劣等的，次的，下级的infinite a 无限的'ingredient n 组成局部inhabitant n 居民jail n 监狱jam n 果酱;拥挤，堵塞jewel n 宝石joint a连接的;共同的junior a 年少的;资历较浅的laser n 激光launch vt 发动，发起luxury n 奢侈;奢侈品mag n 磁铁，磁体male a 男性的，雄的female a 女性的，雌的manual a 用手的，手工做的 n 手册manufacture vt /n 制造，加工marine a 海的;海产的mutual a 相互的。

2007年12月大学英语四级考试试题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of What electives to choose. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:What electives to choose1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3. 以你自己为例……Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America's best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity -- and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai's Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu's Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, andChinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U. S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U. S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U. K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation's well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fall to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and -- like immigrants throughout history -- strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ______.A) more popularized than ever beforeB) in-service training organizationsC) a powerful force for global integrationD) more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ______.A) at an annual rate of 8 percent B) at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC) by 800,000 D) by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A) 38%. B) 10%. C) 30% D) 20%.4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A) They give them chances for international study or internship.B) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C) They offer them various courses in international politics.D) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities' globalization is ______.A) Yale's establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB) Yale's student exchange program with European institutionsC) Yale's helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD) Yale's collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A) It has increased by 3 percent.B) It doubled between 1998 and 2003.C) It has been unsteady for years.D) It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U. S. after September 11 was caused by _______________________________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ______________________________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U. S. in that the very best of them will stay and __________________________________.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. [A] She used to be in poor health. [C] She was somewhat overweight.[B] She was popular among boys. [D] She didn't do well at high school.12. [A] At the airport. [C] In a hooking office.[B] In a restaurant. [D] At the hotel reception.13. [A] Teaching her son by herself. [C] Asking the teacher for extra help.[B] Having confidence in her son. [D] Telling her son not to worry.14. [A] Have a short break. [C] Continue her work outdoors.[B] Take two weeks off. [D] Go on vacation with the man.15. [A] He is taking care of this twin brother. [C] He is worried about Rod's health.[B] He has been feeling ill all week. [D] He has been in perfect condition.16. [A] she sold all her furniture before she moved house.[B] She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.[C] She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.[D] She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. [A] The woman wondered why the man didn't return the book.[B] The woman doesn't seem to know what the book is about.[C] The woman doesn't find the book useful any more.[D] The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. [A] Most of the man's friends are athletes.[B] Few people share the woman's opinion.[C] The man doesn't look like a sportsman.[D] The woman doubts the man's athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] She has packed it in one of her bags. [C] She has probably left it in a taxi.[B] She is going to get it at the airport. [D] She is afraid that she has lost it.20. [A] It ends in winter. [C] It will last one week.[B] It will cost her a lot. [D] It depends on the weather.21. [A] The plane is taking off soon. [C]There might be a traffic jam.[B] The taxi is waiting for them. [D] There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. [A] At home. [C] At the airport.[B] In the man's car. [D] By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] She is thirsty for promotion, [C] She is tired o f her present work.[B] She wants a much higher salary. [D] She wants to save travel expenses.24. [A] Translator. [C] Language instructor.[B] Travel agent. [D] Environmental engineer.25. [A] Lively personality and inquiring mind. [C] Devotion and work efficiency.[B] Communication skills and team spirit. [D] Education and experience.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] They care a lot about children. [C] They want to enrich their life experience.[B] They need looking after in their old age. [D] They want children to keep them company.27. [A] They are usually adopted from distant places.[B] Their birth information is usually kept secret.[C] Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.[D] Their adoptive parents don't want them to know their birth parents.28. [A] They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.[B] They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.[C] They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.[D] They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. [A] Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.[B] Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.[C] Understanding is the key to successful adoption.[D] Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. [A] He suffered from mental illness. [C] He turned a failing newspaper into a success.[B] He bought The Washington Post. [D] He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. [A] She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.[B] She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.[C] She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.[D] She took over her father's position when he died.32. [A] People came to see the role of women in the business world.[B] Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans' mind.[C] American media would be quite different without Katharine.[D] Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] It'll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. [C] It'll protect them from possible financial crises.[B] It'll allow them to receive free medical treatment. [D] It'll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.34. [A] They can't immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.[B] They have to go through very complicated application procedures.[C] They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.[D] They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35. [A] They don't have to pay for the medical services.[B] They needn't pay the entire medical bill at once.[C] They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.[D] They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have jest heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.More and more of the world's population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is (36) . Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries (37) two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.The (38) size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very (39) signs of trouble in the (40) of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe, the (41) of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the (42) working in factories. Now, however, the (43) is almost always true in the newly industrialized world: (44)Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth; (45) There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. (46) , a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education (47) . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the (48) of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children (49) as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom (50) opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with (51) , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step(52) toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are(53) useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and (54) on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the (55) of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the (56) school.A) victims I) forwardB) technology J) especiallyC) role K) entireD) respectively L) cooperativeE) projects M) comprehensiveF) offers N) assumingG) information O) actingH) imagesSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-yoar-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn't win the contest again? That's the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, "Don't you want to win again?" "No," she replied, "I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade."I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously ( 自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly "guided" by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter's experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) A lot of distractions compete for children's time nowadays.B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.58. What did the author say about her own writing experience?A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.59. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year's writing contest?A) She had won a prize in the previous contest.B) She wanted to share her stories with readers.C) She was sure of winning with her mother's help.D) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.60. The author took great pains to refine her daughter's stories becauseA) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writerB) she was afraid Rebecca's imagination might run wild while writingC) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so muchD) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance61. What's the author's advice for parents?A) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.B) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.C) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.D) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.Passage TwoBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance leaning (DL), and among the larger schools, it's closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven't heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there's the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools' perspective, there's a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DLcourses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don't come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there's evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won't be paid any more, and might well be paid less.62. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.B) All its courses are offered online.C) Its online courses are of the best quality.D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.63. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.A) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionB) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsC) the great diversity of students' academic backgroundsD) the casual relationship between students and professors64. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ______.A) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesB) select courses from various colleges and universitiesC) work on the required courses whenever and whereverD) earn their academic degrees with much less effort65. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.B) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.C) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.66. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ______.A) building up their reputationB) upgrading their teaching facilitiesC) providing convenience for studentsD) cutting down on their expensesPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (67) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (68) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (69) from emotions which are usually more intense, (70) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. (71) one sense, the effect of a consumer's mood can be thought of in (72) the same way as can our reactions to the (73) of our friends -- when our friends are happy and "up", that trends to influence us positively, (74) when they are "down", that can have a (75) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (76) mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction (77) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (78) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (79) manner than they would when not in such a state. (80) , mood states appear capable of (81) a consumer's memory.Moods appear to be (82) influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and (83) of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the (84) of time spent in supermarkets or (85) to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers' moods which, in (86) , are。

12月大学英语四级词汇大学英语四级重点词汇1) quite 相当 quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结果, 影响3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行4) angel 天使 angle 角度5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记6) contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文contest 竞争, 比赛7) principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下, 血统 descend v 向下12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近14) costume 服装 custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的17) abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓22) beam 梁，光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式23) precede 领先 proceed 进行，继续24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉29) clash (金属)幢击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物英语四级词汇背诵技巧appall---------"我怕"------------惊骇，吓人apoplectic-----"我怕哪个?" ------狂怒的asthma------"阿诗玛"-----------气管炎barbarous-----"爸爸惹事" --------野蛮的bawdy-------"鸨的"----------------淫秽的'bauble-------"抱吧"-------------不值钱的珠宝(才让你随便拿) bale--------"背"(东北话：点背)------灾祸，不幸bazaar---------"巴扎"(新疆话)------集市belle---------"贝勒"(格格之类)----美女cacophony---"卡壳"------------刺耳的声音canopy-------"盖了披 " ---------遮蓬cantankerous-------"啃坦克"--------脾气坏的;好吵架的caulk----"卡壳"---------填塞，堵住chap------"扯破"--------(皮肤)皴裂chicane------"欺坑" -----------诈骗coup-----"酷!"-------好主意deaden-------"呆等"-----失去活力，减弱deadpan------"呆的"---------无表情的脸dart-------------"打他"-----------飞标dangle------"荡喔"-------吊胃口daunt--------"咚"(敲桌子发出的声音)--------威吓deed--------"地的"--------地契dilate-------"大了 "-----------(使)膨胀dilapidated-----"打烂皮的 " ---------毁坏的dolt---------"逗他"----------------蠢人dodder-----"倒的"----------摇摆;蹒跚dross--------"渣滓"--------------浮渣，糟粕fen-------------"粪"---------------泥沼，湿地forgo------"for狗"(MM)抛弃(我)，等于把我的心拿去喂狗了!----抛弃fulminate------"发霉，你!"-----------严词谴责-gaggle---------"嘎嘎"(鹅叫声)------鹅群gargantuan-----"高高大"---------巨大的，高大的giggle---"咯咯"-------傻笑hermit-------"何处觅她"-------隐士howler-------"好乐"------------滑稽可笑的错误howl---------"号、嚎"-----------咆哮，大声哭笑hone----"霍霍!"--------磨刀(霍霍向牛羊)hood----"护的"--------头巾(大冬天的，保护耳朵) hustler-------"哈斯勒"(德国队中场)------非常活跃的人indoctrinate----"硬倒 "-----灌输。

2007.12Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweightB) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do well at high school.12. A) At he airport. C) In a booking office.B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.13. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.14. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.15. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.C) He ha been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.B) Few people share the woman’s opinion.C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have heard.19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.B) She has probably left it in a taxi.C) She id going to get it the airport.D) She is afraid that she has lost it.20) A) It ends in winter.B) It will cost her a lot.C) It will last one week.D) It depends on the weather.21. A) The plane is taking off soon.B) There might be a traffic jam.C) The taxi is waiting for them.D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. A) At home.B) In the man’s car.C) At the airport.D) By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) She is thirsty for promotion.B) She wants a much higher salary.C) She is tired of her present work.D) She wants to save travel expenses.24. A) Translator.B) Travel agent.C) Language instructor.D) Environment engineer.25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind.B) Communication skills and team spirit.C) Devotion and work efficiency.D) Education and experience.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26．A）They care a lot about children.B）They need looking after in their old age.C）They want to enrich their life experience.D）They want children to keep them company.27. A. They are usually adopted from distant places.B.Their birth information is usually kept secret.C.Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D.Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.28. A.They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B. They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C. They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D.They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A.Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B.Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C.Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D.Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A.He suffered from mental illness.B.He bought the washing on post.C.He turned a failing newspaper into a success.D.He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. A.She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.B.She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C.She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.D.She took over her father’s position when he died.32. A.People came to see the role of women in the business world.B.Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.C.American media would be quite different without Katharine.D.Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A.It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.B.It’ll allow them to receive free medical theatment.C.It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.D.It’ll preent the doctors from overcharging them.34．A）They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.B）They have to go through very complicated application procedures.C）They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.D）They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35．A）They don’t have to pay for the medical services.B）They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.C）They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.D）They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Key：11. C) W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember herfrom high school?M: Yeah, she was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of weight? She was somewhat overweightQ: What does the man remember of Sally?语义推断题。

历年英语四级考试真题高频词汇1、介词＋名词by accident 偶然on account of 由于由于in addition to in addition to in the air in the air 流传中流传中on(the/an) average 平均，通常on the basis of 以…为基础at best 至多for the better 好转，向好的方向发展好转，向好的方向发展on board on business out of breath in any case in any case in case of in case of in case of in case in case in no case 决不by chance in charge (of) (a)round the clock 日夜不停的日夜不停的in common in conclusion in consequence of on condition(that) 如果on the contrary 正相反正相反in contrast to/with 与…形成对比out of control under control at the cost of 以…为代价at all costs 不惜任何代价，无论如何不惜任何代价，无论如何in the course of 在…过程中／期间of course in danger out of danger out of date up to date in demand in debt in difficulties in the distance off duty on duty on earth 究竟，到底at all events 无论如何无论如何at any event 无论如何，不管怎样无论如何，不管怎样in the event of 万一for example/instance in fact in the face of …在…面前in favor of 赞同，支持赞同，支持in force 生效in front of on fire on foot on (one ’s) guard against in future 今后，从今以后in the future 在将来在将来in general 一般in half 成两半at hand 在手边，在附近by hand 用手／体力hand in hand 密切关联密切关联in hand （工作等）在进行／控制中on hand 在手边，在近处on the one hand/ on the other hand 一方面／另一方面in a hurry 冲忙冲忙at heart 内心里，本质上by heart 凭记性at home in honor of 为纪念，为向为纪念，为向…表示敬意on/upon one ’s honor 以名誉担保at intervals 每隔一段时间at (long) last 终于终于at least 至少at length 终于，详细地in (the) light of 鉴于，由于hand down 把…传下去2 动词＋名词＋（介词）have/gain access to 可以获得可以获得take take…… into account 考虑到考虑到take advantage of 利用利用pave the way (for) 铺平道路，为…做准备pay attention to 注意注意do/try one ’s best 尽力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜，在…占上风catch one ’s breath 屏息take care 当心take care of take a chance 冒险，投机冒险，投机take charge 开始管理keep keep…… company 陪伴take delight in 以…为乐make a difference 有影响，起重要作用有影响，起重要作用bring/put bring/put……into effect 使生效，实行come/go into effect 生效生效take effect 生效，起作用catch one ’s eye 引起…的注意的注意 keep an eye on 密切注意密切注意make a face find fault with catch (be on) fire make friends with be friends with make fun of keep one ’s head 保持镇静保持镇静 in the world 究竟，到底究竟，到底究竟，到底 lose one ’s head 慌乱慌乱 lose heart 失去信心／勇气失去信心／勇气get/catch/take hold of 抓住，得到抓住，得到抓住，得到 keep house 管理家务管理家务 throw/cast light on/upon 使人了解，阐明使人了解，阐明使人了解，阐明 bear/keep bear/keep……in mind 记住记住 have in mind 考虑到，想到考虑到，想到考虑到，想到 make up one ’s mind 下定决心下定决心 bring/put into operation 实施，使生效／运行实施，使生效／运行 come/go into operation 施行，实行，生效施行，实行，生效施行，实行，生效 keep pace (with) 与….齐步前进／并驾齐驱齐步前进／并驾齐驱play a part in …在…中其作用／扮演角色中其作用／扮演角色take place 发生,进行，举行进行，举行 take the place of 代替，取代代替，取代put put……into practice 实施，实行实施，实行 make progress 取得进步取得进步make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理讲得通，有意义，言之有理catch sight of 发现，突然看见发现，突然看见发现，突然看见 (go) on the stage 当演员当演员take one ’s time 不着急不着急 keep track of 与…保持联系保持联系 lose track of 失去与失去与…的联系，不能跟上…的进展的进展make use of 利用利用利用 put put……to use 使用使用give way 让路，屈服，倒塌让路，屈服，倒塌 make one ’s way 前进，行进，去前进，行进，去make way 让路，腾出地方或位置让路，腾出地方或位置3. 名词词组的其他形式appeal to 呼吁，恳求呼吁，恳求 attempt at 企图，努力企图，努力 attitude to/towards 态度，看法态度，看法a great/good deal of interference in 干涉，介入干涉，介入 interference with 妨碍，打扰妨碍，打扰 introduction to 介绍介绍 a lot of /lots of fall in love(with sb) reply to 回答，答复回答，答复 trolley bus 电车电车 I.D card 身份证身份证 credit card 信用证信用证 no doubt 无疑无疑 next door 隔壁隔壁out of doors 在户外在户外在户外 face to face 面对面地面对面地面对面地 (quite) a few (quite) a little little by little 逐渐地，一点点地逐渐地，一点点地逐渐地，一点点地 no matter 无论无论the moment(that)…一…就 no more 不再不再 fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待公平竞赛，公平对待 rest room 厕所，盥洗间厕所，盥洗间 primary school 小学小学side by side 肩并肩地，一起肩并肩地，一起肩并肩地，一起 heart and soul 全心全意全心全意全心全意 step by step 逐步地逐步地逐步地 ahead of time 提前提前提前 all the time 一直，始终一直，始终一直，始终 once upon a time 从前从前 once in a while 偶尔偶尔 no wonder 难怪难怪word for word 逐字地逐字地逐字地 decline with thanks 婉言谢绝婉言谢绝婉言谢绝4. 形容词与介词的搭配absent from 缺席缺席 abundant in 富于富于 alien to 与相反与相反angry with sb./at(about) sth. 生气，愤怒生气，愤怒anxious about/for 忧虑，担心忧虑，担心 appropriate for/to 适当，合适适当，合适applicable to 适用于适用于 apt at 善于善于 apt to 易于易于approximate to 接近接近 available to sb. for sth.可用，可供可用，可供 bare of 几乎没有，缺乏几乎没有，缺乏 bound for 开往开往 capable of 能够能够 careful of/about/with 小心，注意小心，注意 certain of/about 确信，肯定确信，肯定 characteristic of 特有，独特特有，独特 clear of 没有，不接触没有，不接触 clever at 善于善于 close to 接近，亲近接近，亲近 comparable to/with 可比较可比较 conscious of 察觉到，意识到察觉到，意识到 consequent on 随之而来随之而来 considerate towards 体贴，体谅体贴，体谅 contemporary with 与…同时代同时代 content with 满足于满足于 contrary to 违反违反 counter to 与…相反相反 crazy about 热衷，着迷热衷，着迷 critical of 挑剔，批评挑剔，批评 curious about 好奇好奇 distinct from 种类(风格)不同不同 doubtful of/about 怀疑怀疑 east of 在…东面东面 equal to 相等，胜任相等，胜任 equivalent to 等于，相当于等于，相当于 essential to/for 必不可少必不可少 expert at/in/on 善于善于 faithful to 忠于忠于 familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉 familiar with sth. 对…熟悉熟悉 fatal to 致命的致命的 favorable to 支持，赞成支持，赞成 favorable for 有帮助的有帮助的 fearful of 惧怕惧怕 fit for 适于适于 foreign to 非…所原有所原有 fond of 喜欢喜欢 free of/from 免于，免费免于，免费 free with 慷慨，大方慷慨，大方 guilty of 有…罪的罪的 hungry for 渴望渴望 ignorant of 不知道，对…无知无知 impatient at sth 不耐烦不耐烦不耐烦 impatient of 无法容忍无法容忍 impatient for 急切，渴望急切，渴望 independent of 不受…的支配的支配 indifferent to 不关心不关心 indignant with 愤慨愤慨 inferior to 低于，不如低于，不如innocent of 无…罪的罪的 intent on 专心于专心于 invisible to 不可见的不可见的 jealous of 嫉妒嫉妒 keen on 喜欢喜欢liable for 对…有责任的有责任的 liable to 易于易于loyal to 忠于忠于 mad at/with 生气，愤怒生气，愤怒 mad with 因…发狂发狂 next to 下一个，其次下一个，其次 necessary to/for 必要的必要的 opposite to 在对面在对面 open to 不限制，开放的不限制，开放的 particular about 挑剔，讲究挑剔，讲究 parallel to 与…平行，类似平行，类似 peculiar to 独有的，独特的独有的，独特的 patient with 有耐心的有耐心的 prior to 在…之前之前 popular with 受…欢迎／爱戴欢迎／爱戴 representative of 代表…的 relative to 与…有关有关 rich in 富于富于responsible for 对…负责的负责的 sensitive to 对…敏感的敏感的 sensible of 觉察到觉察到 sick of 厌恶，厌倦厌恶，厌倦 short of 缺乏缺乏 skilled at/in 善于善于 similar to 相似的相似的 sufficient for 足够的足够的 subject to 受制于，易于受制于，易于 superior to 优于，级别高于优于，级别高于 suitable for/to 适合于适合于 suspicious of 怀疑怀疑 sure of/about 确信，对…有信心有信心 typical of 是典型的，特有的是典型的，特有的 tired of 对…厌倦厌倦vital to 对…关系重大关系重大 uncertain of/about 不确知不确知 mad about/on 狂热迷恋狂热迷恋 void of 没有，缺乏没有，缺乏。

[1] 语法词汇部分试题及参考答案51. There are as good fish in the sea __C__ ever came out of it.A.thanB.likeC.asD. so52. All the President’s Men __B__one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A.remainB. remainsC.remainedD. is remaining53. “You __A__ borrow my notes provided you take care of them.” I told my friend.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD. can54. If only the patient __A__ a different treatment instead of using the antibofies he might still be alive now.A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD. were receiving55.Linda was __B__ the experiment a month ago but she changed her mind at the last minute.A.to startB. to have startedC.to be startingD. to have been starting56. She __D__ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB.had beenC.could beD. must have been57. It is not __C__ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. thatB.soC.soD. very58.The committee has anticipated the problems that __D__ in the road construction project.A. ariseB.will ariseC.aroseD. have arisen59. The student said there were a few points in the essay he __A__ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB.will ariseC.aroseD. have arisen60. He would have finished his college education, but he __C__ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC.hadD. would have61. The research requires more money than __B__ has been put in.A. have been put inB.has been put inC.being put inD. to be put in62. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably __B__ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A.no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more63. It is not uncommon for there __D__ problems of communication between the old and the young.A.beingB.would beC.beD. to be64. __B__ at in his way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate.A. LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD. To look65. It is absolutely essential that William __C__ his study in spite of learning difficulties.A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD. continues66. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a __D__ forgery.A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD. real67. She’s always been kind to me- I can’t just turn __A__ on her now that she needs my help.A. my backB.my headC.my eyeD. my shoulder68. The bar in the club is for the __B__ use of its members.A.extensiveB.exclusiveC.inclusiveD. comprehensive69. The tuition fees are __C__ to students coming from low-income families.A.approachableB.payableC.reachableD. affordable70.The medical experts warned the authorities of the danger of disease in the __A__ of the earthquake.A.consequenceB.aftermathC.resultD. affect71. This sort of rude behavior in public hardly __B__ a person in your position.A.becomesB.fitsC.sopportsD. improves72. I must leave now. __B__ if you want that book I’ll bring it next time.A.AccendentallyB.IncidentallyC.EventuallyD. Naturally73. After a long delay, she __D__ replying to my e-mail.A.got away withB. got back atC.got byD. got round toget around to doing something :to find time to do something. I wanted to see that movie but never got around to it.74. Personal computers are no longer sth beyond the ordinary people. They are __C__ available these days.A.gwowinglyB.instantlyC.readilyD. quickly75. In my first year at the university I learnt the __A__ of journalism.A. basicsB. basicC.elementaryD. elements76. According to the new tax law, my money earned over that level is taxed at the __D__ of 39%.A. ratioB. percentageC. proportionD. rate77. Thousands of __C__ at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance.A.audienceB. participantsC.spectatorsD. observers78. We stood still, gazing out over the limitless __C__ of the desert.A. spaceB.expanseC.stretchD. land79. Doctors often __C__ uneasiness in the people they deal with.A.smeltB.hearC.senseD. touch80. Mary sat at the table, looked at the glare and __C__ her lips.A. smackedB. openedC.partedD. separated。

大学英语词组表Aa bita case in pointa far cry froma fewa good / great deala good / great manya littlea lota lot / lots ofa number ofa piece of cakea sea ofa variety ofabandon oneself toabide byabove allabove boardabove/over one's headaccording toaccount foraccuse sb of sthacross the boardact onact outact upadd inadd onadd upaddup toafter allagainn and againahead ofahead of scheduleahead of timeall alongall at onceall butall in allall manner ofall of a suddenall overall aver againall rightall the sameall the timeall the wayall the whileall things consideredall thumbsallow forallow ofalong withamount to and so on/forthangle for answer foranything butanything likeapart fromapply toarm in armaround/round the corneras a matter of factas a resultas a result ofas a ruleas a wholeas far asas followsas for/ toas good asas if/ thoughas it isas it wereas often as notas opposed toas regardsas soon asas suchas wellas well asas yetas/ so far as … be concernedas /so long asas…asaside fromassociate withat (long) lastat a glanceat a lossat a stretchat a timeat allat all costsat all eventsat all timesat any priceat any rateat bestat easeat faultat firstat first glanceat first sightat fu;; balstat handat heartat homeat intervalsat largeat leastat leisureat lengthat libertyat mostat no timeat onceat one timeat one with sbat one's wits' endat peaceat presentat riskat sb's disposalat seaat short/a moment's notice at stakeat the expense ofat the latestat the mercy ofat the momentat the outsideat the risk ofat the same timeat timesat willat workat/in a pinchat/on sightavail oneself ofBback and forthback awayback down/offback outback upbadly offbank onbargain for/onbarge inbe about to dobe addicted tobe aware ofbe bound up inbe composed ofbe fed up withbe friends withbe in forbe mad aboutbe made up ofbe named afterbe to blamebe/get used to doing sth be/stand in awe of bear downbear on/uponbear outbear upbear withbear/keep in mindbeat downbeat upbecome ofbefore longbeg offbehind barshehind sb's back behind the scenes behind the times believe inbeside oneslefbeside the pointbetter offbeyond (a) doubt beyond all question beyond beliefbeyond measure beyond/without compare bit by bitblack and blueblock inblock offblock upboard upboil down toboil overbook inborder onbounce backbox inbranch outbreak awaybreak downbreak evenbreak inbreak intobreak offbreak outbreak sb's heartbreak the icebreak throughbreak upbrim over withbring around/roundbring downbring forthbring forwardbring into beingbring into playbring offbring onbring outbring the house down bring throughbring tobring to justicebring to lifebring to lightbring to one's knees bring upbring up the rearbring/carry/put intp effect bring/ put into operation bring…home tobristle withbrush asidebrush offbrush upbuck upbudget forbuild inbuild intobuild on/uponbuild upbump intobundle upburn downburn outburn upburst intoburst outburst upon/ on sthbut forbut thenbuy intpbuy offbuy upby accidentby all meansby analogyby and byby and largeby any chanceby chnceby common consentby/ in comparisonby / in contrastby courtesy ofby degreesby farby handby heartby itselfby / in leaps and bounds by means ofby mistakeby no meansby reason of by rights by the bookby the byby the same tokenby the wayby trial and errorby turnsby virtue ofby way ofCcall backcall forcall incall in/into question call it a daycall offcall on/uponcall outcall upcalm down campaign forcannot/could not help capable ofcare forcarry forwardcarry offcarry oncarry outcarry overcarry throughcarry weightcarve outcash downcash in oncast about/ around (for) cast asidecast offcast outcast/ draw lotscatch (on) firecatch atcatch oncatch one's breath catch outcatch sb's eyecatch sight ofcatch up (with)catch/get /take hold of chance on/upon change one's mind change overcharge sb with sth cheat oncheck incheck utcheck up oncheer oncheer upchew overchoke backchoke upclean outclean upclear cutclear offclear upclose byclose downclose upcome aboutcome acrosscome alongcome apartcome around /round come atcome betweencome bycome down (to) come income in forcome intocome into being come intp one's own come into playcome offcome oncome outcome out witcome roundcome throughcome tocome to a head come to blowscome to lifecoem to lightcome to no harm come to one's senses come to termscome truecome undercome upcome up against come up forcome up tocome up withcome/drwa to a closecome/get to grips come/ go into grips come/go into effect come/gp into operation commit a crime compare notes confide incook upcool down/offcope withcount againstcount downcount incount on/uponcount outcount upcover forcover upcraxk downcrack upcrawl upcrop upcross outcrowd incry out (for)cure sb of sthcurl upcut acrosscut backcut cornerscut downcut incut offcut outcut shortcut upDdash offdate backdate fromdawn onday and nightday offdeal indeal with decide on/ upon die awaydie downdie ofdie outdig updig into dispense with dispose ofdo away withdo fordo justice todo one's bitdo one's utmost do sb gooddo the hono)u)rs do updo withdo withoutdo your sharedo / try one's best double updown withdoze offdrag on/out draw indraw intodraw ondraw outdraw updress updrive atdrive awaydrop by /indrop offdrop outdrum updry outdry updue todwell on / uponE ease off /upend inend upenter intoenter on / upon even aseven if /though ever soevery bitevery now and then every otherevery so often except for explain awayF face to faceface up tofall apartfall behindfall forfall in love withsb fall in withfall offfall on / uponfall outfall prey tofall short offall throghfall tofar and widefar fromfeel likefeel the pinchfight backfight offfigure outfill infill outfill the billfill upfind fault withfind outfinish upfirst and foremost first of allfish forfit as a fiddlefit in withfit intofix onfix upflick through follow one's nose follow through follow upfool about / around for allfor anythingfor certainfor everfor examplefor fear of / that for freefor funfor goodfor good measure for instancefor lifefor nothingfor one thingfor one's partfor realfor salefor shortfor surefor the matterfor the betterfor the momentfor the presentfor the recordfor the sake offor the time being foul upfrom scratchfrom the bottom of one's heart from time to timeGgain groundgain ongain / gather momentum gamble awaygear upget a move onget aboutget acrossget aheadget alongget around / roundget atget awayget away withget back toget byget down to businessget even withget inget intoget nowhereget offget off the groundget onget on sb's nervesget on withget outget overget rid ofget roundget throughget to knowget togetherget upget / have the better ofgive awaygive backgive birth togive free rein togive ingive outgive over togive rise togive up give waygo aboutgo aftergo againstgo aheadgo alonggo along withgo around /roundto atgo awaygo back ongo bygo downgo forgo from bad to worse go halvesgo in forgo into go into details go offgo ongo outgo out of businessgo out of one's way go overgo roundgo the rounds ofgo throughgo to bedgo to courtgo to extremesgo to great lengths go to piecesgo undergo upgo wildgo withgo withoutgo without sayinggo wronggrind outgrow intogrow ongrow outgrow out ofgrow upguard againstHhack intohack throughhad betterhad / would rather (than) hail fromhammer away at hammer outhand backhand downhand inhand in handhand onhand outhand overhang aroundhang onhang on tohang togetherhang uphave a bearing onhave a good timehave a thing about have an effect onhave in mindhave it in forhave no businesshave one's hands full head onhead over heelshelp outhere and nowhere and therehinge on / uponhit backhold backhold downhold fast tohld forthhold in contempthold offhold onhold one's breath holsone's ownhold outhold overhold sb to ransom hold togetherhold uphold withhow abouthow comehue and cryhung uphurry uphush upII dare sayif onl improve on /upon in a hurryin a messin a rowin a sensein a wayin a wordin abundancein accord within accordance within additionin addition toin advancein allin all probabilityin all /good conscience in answer toin any casein any eventinbetweenin black and white in briefin bulkin businessin casein case ofin characterin charge ofin checkin chorusin cold bloodin collaboration with in commonincomparison within concertin confidencein conjunction with in connection with in consequencein consequence of in consideration of in contact within contrast to /with in control ofin debtin default ofin defiance ofin demandin depthin detailin disgracein disguisein disputein doubtin due coursein duplicatein earnestin effectin essencein evidencein factin fashionin favor ofin forcein front ofin fullin full blossomin full swingin futurein generalin good faithin good shapein halfin handin harmony within hastein hono(u)r ofin hot pursuitin itselfin kindin league within line within luckin memory ofin no casein no timein no wayin one’s heart of hearts in one’s mind’s eyein one’s own rightin operationin orderin order thatin order toin other wordsin partin particularin personin placein place ofin practicein printin proportion to in publicin quantityin questionin realityin relation toin response to in return forin reversein ruinsin sb’s debtin sb’s handsin sb’s presence in sb’s shoesin search ofin seasonin secretin shortin short orderin sightin so far asin spite ofin stepin stockin storein strengthin sumin summaryin tearsin terms ofin thatin the abstract in the act ofin the airin the balance in the course of in the distance in the endin the eventin the event of in the event that in the extremein the face ofin the first instancein the first placein the fleshin the futurein the habit ofin the interests ofin the interimin the light ofin the long runin the mainin the middle ofin the midst ofin the name ofin the neighborhood ofin the openin the rawin the redin the rightin the short runin the vicinity ofin the wake ofin the windin the wingsin the worldin the wrongin the/sb’s wayin timein totalin touch within transitin troublein truthin tune within turnin usein vainin view ofin voguein/under the circumstances incapable ofinquire afterinquire intoinstead ofiron outJjog sb’s memoryjoin handsjoin injoin up(with)jump the/a queuejust aboutjust as welljust nowKkeep a secretkeep abreast ofkeep an eye onkeep atkeep at a distancekeep backkeep downkeep fromkeep housekeep in touchkeep offkeep onkeep one’s fingers crossed keep one’s own counsel keep pace withkeep sb’s headkeep tokeep track ofkeep upkeep up withkeep companykey inkick inkick offkick outkick upkill two birds with one stone kind ofknock about/aroundknock offknock onknock outknock overknow better thanLlack oflap uplash out atlater onlaugh atlaugh offlaunch offlaunch intolay asidelay claim tolay downlay offlay onlay outlay overlay uplead up toleaf throughlean onleast of allleave aloneleave behindleave offleave outleave to one’s own devices lend itself tolend sb a handlet alonelet downlet go oflet inlet offlet outlet sliplet uplevel off/outlie downlie inlight onlight uplike a shotlike crazylike helllike madline uplisten tolittle by littlelive a lielive offlive onlive outlive throughlive up tolive withlock inlock uplog inlog outlook afterlook aheadlook around/round look atlook backlook down on/upon look forlook forward to look inlook intolook likelook onlook out forlook overlook sth uplook throughlook tolook uplook up tolook uponlose oneself inlose sb’s headlose sight oflose track oflose one’s temperMmake a differencemake a fool ofmake a fuss of/overmake a point ofmake a thing of/out of make allowances formake an example ofmake an exhibition of oneself make believemake formake friends withmake fun ofmake historymake intomake itmake no bones aboutmake ofmake offmake one’s waymake outmake peacemake sb’s hair stand on end make sensemake suremake the best ofmake the most ofmake upmake up formake up one’s mindmake use ofmake waymany amap outmark downmark offmark upmean businessmeasure upmeet withmend one’s waysmess about/aroundmess upmess withmiss outmix upmop upmore and moremore often than notmore or lessmove aroundmove awaymove in onmove onmove upmow downmuch asNnail downneither here nor thereneither nornever mindnext tonight and dayno doubtno endno less thanno longerno matter how what, when, etc. no sooner thanno wayno wondernone butnone other thannone toonose about/aroundnot have a leg to stand onnot in the leastno only but alsonot so much as not to be sneezed at not to mention nothing butnow that nowhere nearO odds and endsof a kindof courseof necessityof no accountof one’s own accord of sorts/of a sortoff and onoff balanceoff dutyoff one’s guardoff the airoff the hookoff the recordon a scaleon a dieton account ofon and onon approvalon boardon businesson condition that on cueon demandon dutyon earthon edgeon endon fileon fireon footon handon impulseon lineon loanon no accounton occasionson one’s conscienceon one’s guardon one’s ownon orderon paperon purposeon recordon saleon scheduleon that scoreon the airon the alerton the blinkon the brink ofon the buttonon the contraryon the fenceon the goon the grounds ofon the horizonon the houron the houseon the increaseon the jobon the moveon the neton the one handon the other handon the part ofon the point ofon the quieton the road toon the runon the shelfon the sideon the slyon the spoton the spur of the moment on the strength ofon the tableon the threshold ofon the verge ofon the wholeon the/an averageon thin iceon timeon topon top ofon/in behalf ofon/under oathon/upon one’s hono(u)r once and for allonce in a whileonce more/againonce upon a timeone after anotherone anotherone by oneone dayone way or another only tooopen upoperate onor elseor soor somethingother thanought toout ofout of breathout of characterout of conditionout of controlout of dateout of doorsout of fashionout of handout of jointout of lineout of luckout of one’s depthout of orderout of placeout of pocketout of practiceout of printout of questionout of seasonout of sightout of sortsout of stepout of stockout of the blueout of the ordinary out of the question out of the wayout of touch with out of tune with out of useout of work outside ofover and above over and over again own upP pack awaypack inpack offpack uppalm offpart company with part withpass awaypass bypass off uspass onpass outpass overpass uppat on the back pay attention to pay backpay offpay outpay uppeel offper centphase inphase inphase outpick atpick onpick outpick sb’s brainspick uppick/pull to piecespie in the skypile uppin downpitch inplan onplay a part inplay atplay backplay downplay havoc withplay it safeplay offplay off againstplay onplay outplay second fiddle to play upplay with fireplug inpoint outpoke about/aroundpoke fun atpoke one’s nose into poke/stick one’s nose into poles apartpolish offpop uppour intopour outpresence of mindpress onpresume onprick up one’s earsprior toprop uppuff outpuff uppull apartpull awaypull downpull inpull offpull one’s weightpull outpull overpull sb’s legpull throughpull togetherpull uppush aroundpush onpush throughput across/overput asideput awayput downput forwardput input in a good word for put into practiceput offput onput one’s heads together put output the screws onput throughput to deathput to useput upput up withqueue upquite a fewRrack one’s brainsrake inrake uprather thanrattle onread out reckon with reconcile with refer to as regarded as rein in relative torely onrevole around ride outright away ring offring uprip apartrip offrise aboverise torise uproll inroll uproot outrope inround off round the clock round uprub it inrule outrun acrossrun away with run downrun intorun offrun off with run outrun out ofrun overrun through run torun uprun up against rush outS safe and sound sail throughsave forsave upscale down scarcely when scrape by/through scrape together/up screw upseal offsecond to none see aboutsee eye to eye see offsee outsee redsee throughsee tosee to it that seeing thatseek outseize on/upon seize upsell offsell onsell outsell upsend awaysend forsend insend off(for) send outsend upserve outserve upserve rightset aboutset againstset apartset asideset backset five toset forthset freeset inset offset onset one’s heart on set outset sailset store byset the paceset upsettle downsettle forsettle in/intosettle upsew upshade in/into shake downshake offshake upshape upshoot downshoot upshop around shoulder to shoulder shout downshove offshow offshow upshrug offshut awayshut downshut inshut offshut outshut upshy away from side by sidesign awaysing forsign insign on/up sign out single out sink insit aroundsit backsit bysit downsit in onsit out/through sit upsize up sketch out sleep off sleep through slip inslip through slip upslow down/up snap out of snap upsniff outso and soso as toso farso longso soso thatso to speakso as toso thatsoak up something of sooner or later sort ofsort out sound out space out speak for speak out/up speed up spell outsplit upsponge offspot onspread out spring up square off square upstab in the back stamp onstamp outstand a chance of stand bystand down stand forstand instand offstand outstand upstand up for stand up to start offstart onstart outstart upstay onstay outstay putstay upsteam upsteer clear of step aside/down step by stepstep downstep instep upstick around stick atstick bystick out for stick tostick together stick up forstir upstock upstop bystop off/over straight away /off strike offstrike outstrike upstring alongstring outstrip offstumble across/on such assuck upsuffer with suffice it to say that sum upsure enough swear byswear inswear offswitch offswitch onTtag alongtail offtake a chancetake a delight in take a fancy to take abacktake account of take advantage of take aftertake againsttake aparttake awaytake backtake caretake care oftake care over take chargetake covertake effecttake exception totake for grantedtake hearttake intake in one’s stridetake into accounttake into considerationtake into one’s confidence take it easytake note oftake offtake ontake one’s cue fromtake one’s leave oftake one’s timetake outtake overtake painstake part intake placetake roortake sb’s breath awaytake shapetake stock oftake the place oftake the plungetake totake turnstake uptake your timetake/have a hand intake astake by surprisetake fortake into accounttake to hearttake to tasktake with a grain/pinch of salt talk backtalk down totalk intotalk overtalk sensetalk through one’s hattangle withteam uptear aparttear attear awaytear downtear intotear uptell a white lietell aparttell offtell the truthtend tothanks tothat is to saythe hellthe moment thatthe more the morethe rank and filethe same asthen and there/there and then think backthink back tothink better ofthink ofthink outthink overthink throughthink upthrash outthrough and throughthrough thick and thinthrow awaythrow inthrow offthrow one’s weight about/around throw outthrow upthrow/cast light on/upontick away/bytide overtidy awaytie downtie in withtie uptighten uptime after time/time and again time outtip offtire outto a certain extentto a/the dayto advantageto all appearancesto be on the safe sideto begin withto dateto deathto excessto goto hell withto my mindto one’s heart’s contentto one’s knowledgeto perfectionto say nothing ofto say the leastto sb’s creditto some degreeto spareto start withto the best of one’s abilityto the contraryto the coreto the effect thatto the foreto the letterto the pointto the tune oftoe the linetogether withtone downtop uptouch downtouch offtouch on/upontouch uptrack downtrade intrade offtrade on/upontrail alongtrail away/offtreat oftrip uptry ontry outtuck awaytuck intuck uptumble totune in toturn a blind eye to turn a deaf earturn awayturn backturn downturn inturn intoturn offturn onturn one’s back on turn outturn overturn over a new leaf turn roundturn the cornerturn the tablesturn toturn upUunder controlunder coverunder fireunder no circumstancesunder one’s breath under the weather under wayup againstup in the airup toup to dateup to scratchup to the minute use upused tousher inVvote inW wade throughwait forwait onwake upwake up towalk away/off with walk onwalk outwalk overwalk upwall inward offwarm towarm upwash one’s hands of wash outwash upwaste awaywatch out(for) wave asidewear awaywear offwear outwhat aboutwhat ifwhat is morewhat is worsewhip upwhy notwide of the markwin out/throughwin overwind upwink atwipe outwith a view otwith one accorewith reference towith respect towith the click of a mouse with/in regard towithin reasonwithout failwithout questionword for wordwork at/onwork offwork outwork upworn outworth one’s salt worthy ofwould soonerwound upwrap upwrite downwrite offZyear after/by yearzip up。

四级高频词汇—背诵版（2007）[2]四级高频词汇—背诵版V ocabulary ListUnit 1aboard ad./prep在船（或飞机、车）上，上船（或飞机、车）abstract a.抽象的n.摘要，梗概accidental a.意外的，偶然（发生）的accompany vt. 1.陪件，陪同2.伴随，和…一起发生3.为…伴奏accomplish vt.完成，实现accordance n.一致，符合in ~ with 与…一致，按照，根据accuracy n.准确（性），精确（性）accustomed a.（to）习惯的，惯常的achieve vt.1.完成，实现2.达到，得到acquaintance n.1.认识，了解2.相识的人，熟人1. Welcome aboard!2. His plans were too abstract to be put into operation.3. The rate of accidental death has decreased since last year.4. He said he was going to accompany her home.The pianist accompanied her on the piano.5. All this was accomplished in a year.6. Everything has been done in accordance with the rules.7. There is need to check the accuracy of the report.8. You will soon get accustomed to it.9. I have an intimate acquaintance with French.Unit 2addition n.1.加，加法2.附加物in~另外，加之in ~ to除…之外（还）address n.1.地址，住址2.演说，讲话vt.1.在…上写姓名地址2.向…讲话（或发表演说）administration n.1.管理，经营2.管理部门，行政机关，政府admission n.1.准许进入，准许加入2承认，供认advance vi.1.前进，向前移动2.取得进展n.1.前进，进展2.预付，预支in~预先，事先advantage n.1.优点，优势2.好处gain/have an ~ over胜过，优于take ~ of 利用，趁…之机adventure n.1.冒险，冒险活动2.奇遇agreement n.1.协定，协议，契约2.达成协议，同意aid n. 1.帮助，援助2.助手，辅助手段v.帮助，援助1. The expenses of the household, with the addition of a nurse, were heavy.2. He will address you on the subject of war and peace.What is your permanent address?3. An executive should be experienced in administration.4. To resign now would be an admission of failure.5. Banks make business advances to firms.6. He often took advantage of her good nature.7. The explorer told the boys about his adventures in the Arctic.8. During the course of history, many agreements have been made between France and England.9. A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.10. At high altitudes it is difficult to breathe.Unit 3ambition n.雄心，野心analysis n.分析，分解analyze/-yse vt.分析，分解angle n.1.角，角度2.角度，观点announce vt.宣布，宣告annoy vt.1.使恼怒，使烦恼2.打扰apologize/-ise vi.道歉，认错apparent a.1.表面上的，貌似（真实）的2显然的，明明白白折appropriate a.适当的，恰当的approval n.赞成，同意1. Nothing would stop me from achieving my ambition.2. The analysis of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.3. I stood for five minutes trying to analyze my impressions.4. They have a different angle of observation from ours.5. The government announced a budget cut.6. I felt annoyed when he refused to help.7. She apologized profusely to me for not answering promptly.8. It was apparent that they all understood.9. Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.10. He showed his approval by smiling.Unit 4arrange vt.1.安排，筹划2.整理，排列，布置artificial a.1.人工的，人造的2.假的，矫揉造作的aspect n.1.方面2. 外表，面貌assembly n.1.集会，集合2.装备，组装assist v.帮助，协助assure vt. 1.使确信，使放心2.向…保证astonish vt.使惊讶atmosphere n.1.大气，大气层2.空气3.气氛audience n.听众，观众，读者authority n.1.[pl.]官方，当局2.当权者3.权力，权威automatic a.自动的1. We have arranged a party.2. It makes me sick to think of his highly artificial manners.3. Consider the economic aspects of owning your own house. The valley took on a mysterious aspect at dusk.4. Can you assist me with this problem?5. I assure you that this medicine cannot harm you.6. I’m astonished that he didn’t come.7. He grew up in an atmosphere of love and trust.8. The audience was enjoying every minute of the show.9. A Policeman has the authority to arrest law-breakers.10. The heating system here has an automatic temperature control.Unit 5avoid vt.避免，避开await vt. 1.等候，等待2.将降临于award n.奖，奖品vt.授予，给予aware a.意识到，知道的awkward a. 1.粗笨的，笨拙的2.尴尬的，棘手的 3.使用不便的background n. 背景balance vt.使平衡n.1.天平，秤2.平衡，均衡3.结存，结欠bear vt. 1.忍受，容忍2.负担，承担3.结(果实)，生(孩子)behalf n.利益on ~ of代表，为了behave vi. 1.表现，举止2.(机器等)运转vt.检点（自己的）行为1. A danger foreseen is half avoided.2. She had long awaited this day.3. The best students were awarded special scholarships.4. We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation.5. He is still awkward with a knife and fork and drops food at each meal.6. The election took place against a background of widespread unemployment.7. The acrobat balanced himself on the high rope.8. The ice is too thin to bear your weight.At last his effort bore fruit.9. He made an impassioned speech on behalf of his country.10. He has behaved badly towards his wife.Unit 6belief n. 1.相信2.信念，信仰bet vt. 以…打赌，与…打赌博vi.打赌n.1.打赌2.赌金，赌注bind vt. 捆绑，捆扎bloom n. 1.花2.开花期vi.开花boast vi. (of, about )自夸，夸耀vt. 1.夸口说，吹嘘 2.以拥有…而自豪n.自吹自擂，自夸的话blame vt. 1.责备，责怪2.(on, onto)把…归咎于n. 1.（过错、事故等的）责任2.责怪，责备bleed vi.出血，流血bond n. 1.联结，联系2.公债，债券bore vt. 1.使厌烦，使厌倦2.钻孔n.令人讨厌的人（或事）1. I haven’t much belief in his honesty.2. I’ll bet a month’s pay on that.3. They bound his hands.4. They blamed an electric shot circuit for the fire yesterday.5. The wound bled freely.6. The rose will bloom soon.7. Many Oxford colleges can boast of beautiful gardens.8. She bolted the door.9. They are eager to buy their government bonds.10. I am bored by his tedious talk.Unit 7bow n. 1弓形物2鞠躬，点头vi 鞠躬，点头brake n. 闸，制动器，刹车，（车）被刹住，vt. 刹住（车），用闸使（车）放慢速度brand n. 商标，牌子vt. 1. 打烙印于2. 铭刻brief a.简短的，简洁的vt.作简要的介绍in ~简单地说brilliant a.1.光辉的，灿烂的2卓越的，杰出的broad a.1宽的，阔的，广阔的2广泛的3宽容的bulk n.1.(巨大的)物体，（大）块2.主体，绝大部分3.（巨大的）体积，（大）量burden n.担子，负担button n.1.钮扣2.按钮vt.扣上，扣紧1. He did not return my bow.2. Seeing a child running across the road, the driver put on the brakes suddenly.3. Do you like this brand of coffee?Farmer Brown’s cattle are branded with the letter B.4. Before setting out a raid, air-crews were carefully briefed.5. The lights were far too brilliant.6. The river is a mile broad here.9. We have disposed of the bulk of the surplus goods.10. We collected a bundle of old clothes to be given to them.11. Too much praise is a burden.12. A button has come off.Unit 8calculate v.1计算，核算2.估计，推测3.计划，打算candidate n.1.候选人2.投考者，申请求职者capture vt./n.捕获，俘获career n.生涯，职业cargo n.船货，货物carrier n.运输工具，运输者cast vt.1.投，扔2.浇铸，铸造casual a.1.偶然的，碰巧的2.随便的，非正式的3.临时的catalog(ue) n.目录（册）vt.将---编入目录，将（书籍、资料等）编目cease v./ n. 停止，终止celebrate v.庆祝1. The cost of production should be precisely calculated.2. I shall vote for this candidate.3. With the capture of the escaped lion everyone in town felt relieved.4. His academic career was undistinguished.5. These planes can carry a cargo of six tons.6. A porter is a baggage carrier.7. He was cast ashore with two companions.The statue is cast in bronze.8. The two old friends had a casual meeting.A casual laborer is one who has no steady job.9. A library catalogue tells us the names of all the books in the library.10. They demanded that these acts of war cease at once.11. They warmly celebrated the festival.Unit 9central a. 1.中央的，中心的2.主要的champion n. 1.冠军2.捍卫者，拥护得channel n. 1.海峡，水道，航道 2.渠道 3.频道chase n./vt.追逐，追赶cheat vt.欺骗，骗取vi.行骗作弊n.欺骗，骗子check vt. 1.检查，核对2..制止n. 1.检查，核对 2.支票，账单~in 办理登记手续；~out 结账离去办妥手续离去ceremony n. 1.典礼，仪式2.礼节，礼仪certificate n.证（明）书challenge n.挑战vt.向…挑战1. You must first determine the central idea of the paper2. The ceremony took place in the auditorium.3. The driver’s certific ate has been suspended for thre e months.4. The strike was a direct challenge to the warlord regime.5. The champion issued a challenge to all other boxers to fight him.6. The channel is marked by buoys.7. The boy and his sister chased each other in and out among the bushes.8. She knew he had been cheating all along.9. Please check your exercises against the answers.His father gave him a check for fifty dollars.Unit 10chop v.砍，劈，斩n.排骨circuit n. 1.电路，线路2.环行，巡回circulate v.（使）循环，（使）流通circumstance n. 1.条件，情况2(pl.)境遇，经济状况under the ~s在这种情况下，（情况）既然如此。