2020年中考英语定语从句专项复习(推荐)
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中考英语定语从句专项复习一．考点分析让学生彻底掌握并且能够熟练地运用定语从句的运用。
定语从句主要出现在阅读理解部分，难度比较高，学生常常不能完全去理解，在中考中不属于必考知识点，但是属于需要了解的语法点，要求学生能够看懂定语从句。
定语从句可以运用于作文的写作中，能够增加文采分。
二．专题详解1、概念：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(Attributive Clause）The man（who lives next to us ）sells vegetable.You must do everything（that I can do）.2、要点：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词：①先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
②关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who/whom (指代人), which（指代物），that（指代人/物），as, whose等关系词的分类:关系副词：when （指代时间），where (指代地点)，why (指代原因)1. 引导定语从句关系词的功能: 2. 代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个句法成分3、基础知识学习：I. 关系代词that, which, who(whom)引导的定语从句1.指人的关系代词: who / whom / that先行词在从句中作主语：A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.先行词在从句中作宾语：Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.2. 指物的关系代词: which / that先行词在从句中作主语：The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.先行词在从句中作宾语：The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.关系代词前有介词： Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、who且在句中不可以省略。
⑵关系代词中在从句中充当宾语的是which、that、who、whom且可以省略。
⑶当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用 whom，指物只能用which。
⑷which 只能指物，who\whom 只能指人，that既可指人又可指物。
3. 表示所有格：whose (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)表示人的所有： The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.表示物的所有：I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.4. as作关系代词的用法as引导的定语从句常出现于the same…as…,such…as…,as…as…和so…as…结构中。
当定语从句的先行词被the same，such，as 或so修饰时，关系代词可选as，且不能省略。
Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday.注意：the same…as… vs the same…that…指代相似的人或物指同一人或物This is the same watch as I lost. Where did you buy it?This is the same watch that I lost. Please return it to me.such…as… vs such…that…It is such a difficult problem as no one can work out.It is such a difficult problem that no one can work it out.区别: as引导定语从句，指代的先行词在从句中充当成分，翻译成“像…那样”.that引导状语从句，只起连接作用，翻译成“如此…以至于…”.as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整句话的内容，区别： which 不能置于句首，翻译成“这，这件事”as 可以放在句首，句中，句末，翻译成“正如…” 谓语动词经常为know, see, suggest, turn outAs is known to all, the earth goes around the sun.As was expected beforehand, the concert was very successful.Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very high.记住下列表格随堂练习1：一．选择1.In my school, I’ve become good friends with several of the students I met in theEnglish speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which2.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.A. whereB. whichC. itsD. Whose3.Such signs _____we use in the experiment are Greek letters.A.whoB. asC. whichD. that4.The apples ___fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.A.whichB./C. thatD. they二．翻译1.那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.李明正是我想要见的男孩。
3.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
4.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
5.他就是住在隔壁的那个男人吗？6.我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？7.他有一个爸爸是当医生的朋友。
8.你见过名字叫Lucy的女孩么？9.Sandy是一个每个学生都喜欢她的老师。
10.这是一部我以前从来没有看过的电影。
11.你想要拿多少书就拿多少。
12.我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。
II. 关系副词where when why引导的定语从句Do you remember the teahouse where we used to play chess? (where=at which) There was a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. (when=during which)The days are gone when he was an ignorant boy. (when=in which)They didn’t explain the reason why they had canceled the rehearsal. (why=for which)（定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词 + 关系代词）注意：where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
注意先行词还可以是抽象的地点名词,如：case, point, situation, activity…He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。
判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。
以the city为例(1) This is the city that/which I visited last year.分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I visited the city last year. visit：vt.，thecity充当的成分：宾语(2) This is the city where I lived last year.分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I lived in the city last year. live：vi.，thecity 充当的成分：状语，表地点。
随堂练习2：一．选择1.This is the primary school ______ I studied three years ago.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which2.Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.A. whenB. whichC. whoseD. where3.April Foo l’s Day is a traditional festival people play harmless jokes on others.A．which B．where C．that D．when4.Do you know the reason he was late?A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that5.I can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay .A．why B．which C．as D．where二．填空6.There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill ______ he works.”7.I’ll never forg et the days _____________ we worked together.8.This is the reason ___________ he didn’t catch the bus.三．翻译1.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
2.这是李白曾经生活过的地方。
3.老师问我上学迟到的原因。
