第7章CP1 PLC的指令系统

引言感谢您购买SYSMAC CP系列CP1E可编程序控制器。

本手册包含使用CP1E所需的信息， 请务必在使用CP1E前通读并理解本手册的内容。

面向读者本手册主要供下列人员使用，这些人员必须具备电气系统相关知识(电气工程师或同等水平者)。

·负责FA系统安装的人员·负责FA系统设计的人员·负责FA系统及设备管理的人员适用产品z CP系列CP1E CPU单元·基本型号CP1E-E□□D□-□CPU单元的基本型号，支持运用基本、传送、算术和比较等指令实现基本控制操作。

·应用型号CP1E-N/NA□□D□-□CPU单元的应用型号，支持与可编程中断、变频器和伺服驱动器的连接。

CP系列以CP1H、CP1L和CP1E CPU单元为核心，采用与CS和CJ系列相同的基本结构。

扩展I/O容量时，请务必使用CP系列扩展单元和CP系列扩展I/O单元。

I/O字的分配方法与CPM1A/CPM2A PLC相同，即输入输出采用固定的区域。

CP1E CPU单元手册以下手册中提供与CP1E CPU单元相关的信息。

手册构成CP1E CPU操作手册由下表列出的章节构成。

请根据需要参阅相关章节。

CP1E CPU单元指令参考手册(样本编号：W483)(本手册)CP1E CPU单元软件操作手册(样本编号：W480)CP1E CPU单元硬件操作手册(样本编号：W479)手册结构页面结构和图标本手册采用下列页面结构和图标。

特殊信息本手册中的特殊信息分类如下：术语和注释本手册中的章节目录引言 (1)CP1E CPU单元手册 (2)手册结构 (5)安全注意事项 (15)安全使用注意事项 (18)规定和标准 (19)相关手册 (20)第1章指令摘要..........................................................................1-11-1指令摘要.............................................................................................................................1-2第2章指令.................................................................................2-1指令符号编排说明...................................................................................................................... 2-2顺序输入指令.............................................................................................................................. 2-5 LD/LD NOT ....................................................................................................................................................................2-7AND/AND NOT ..............................................................................................................................................................2-9OR/OR NOT .................................................................................................................................................................2-11AND LD/OR LD ...........................................................................................................................................................2-13NOT ..............................................................................................................................................................................2-16UP/DOWN ....................................................................................................................................................................2-17顺序输出指令............................................................................................................................ 2-18 OUT/OUT NOT .............................................................................................................................................................2-18TR .................................................................................................................................................................................2-20KEEP ............................................................................................................................................................................2-21DIFU .............................................................................................................................................................................2-25DIFD .............................................................................................................................................................................2-27SET/RSET .....................................................................................................................................................................2-29SETA/RSTA ..................................................................................................................................................................2-31SETB/RSTB ..................................................................................................................................................................2-33顺序控制指令............................................................................................................................ 2-35 END ..............................................................................................................................................................................2-38NOP ..............................................................................................................................................................................2-39IL/ILC ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-40MILH/MILR/MILC .......................................................................................................................................................2-44JMP/CJP/JME ...............................................................................................................................................................2-53FOR/NEXT ...................................................................................................................................................................2-56BREAK .........................................................................................................................................................................2-59定时器和计数器指令................................................................................................................. 2-60 TIM/TIMX .....................................................................................................................................................................2-66TIMH/TIMHX ...............................................................................................................................................................2-69TMHH/TMHHX ............................................................................................................................................................2-72TTIM/TTIMX ................................................................................................................................................................2-74CNTR/CNTRX ..............................................................................................................................................................2-83 CNR/CNRX ...................................................................................................................................................................2-86比较指令.................................................................................................................................. 2-88 =，<>，<，<=，>，>= ..............................................................................................................................................2-88 =DT，<>DT，<DT，<=DT，>DT，>=DT ................................................................................................................2-91 CMP/CMPL ...................................................................................................................................................................2-95 CPS/CPSL .....................................................................................................................................................................2-98 TCMP ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-101 BCMP ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-103 ZCP/ZCPL ...................................................................................................................................................................2-105数据传送指令......................................................................................................................... 2-108 MOV/MOVL/MVN ......................................................................................................................................................2-108 MOVB .........................................................................................................................................................................2-111 MOVD .........................................................................................................................................................................2-113 XFRB ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-115 XFER ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-117 BSET ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-119 XCHG .........................................................................................................................................................................2-121 DIST ............................................................................................................................................................................2-123 COLL ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-125数据移位指令......................................................................................................................... 2-127 SFT ..............................................................................................................................................................................2-127 SFTR ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-129 WSFT ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-131 ASL .............................................................................................................................................................................2-133 ASR .............................................................................................................................................................................2-134 ROL ............................................................................................................................................................................2-135 ROR ............................................................................................................................................................................2-137 SLD/SRD .....................................................................................................................................................................2-139 NASL/NSLL ................................................................................................................................................................2-141 NASR/NSRL ...............................................................................................................................................................2-144递增/递减指令...................................................................................................................... 2-147 ++/++L .......................................................................................................................................................................2-147 --/--L .......................................................................................................................................................................2-150 ++B/++BL ..................................................................................................................................................................2-153 --B/--BL ..................................................................................................................................................................2-156四则运算指令......................................................................................................................... 2-158 +/+L ............................................................................................................................................................................2-158 +C/+CL .......................................................................................................................................................................2-160 +B/+BL .......................................................................................................................................................................2-162 +BC/+BCL ..................................................................................................................................................................2-164 -/-L ............................................................................................................................................................................2-166 -C/-CL .......................................................................................................................................................................2-170 -B/-BL .......................................................................................................................................................................2-172 -BC/-BCL ..................................................................................................................................................................2-175 */*L .............................................................................................................................................................................2-177 *B/*BL ........................................................................................................................................................................2-179 /，/L ............................................................................................................................................................................2-181 /B，/BL .......................................................................................................................................................................2-183转换指令................................................................................................................................ 2-185 BIN/BINL ....................................................................................................................................................................2-185 BCD/BCDL .................................................................................................................................................................2-187 NEG ............................................................................................................................................................................2-189 MLPX ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-191 DMPX .........................................................................................................................................................................2-196 ASC .............................................................................................................................................................................2-201 HEX ............................................................................................................................................................................2-205逻辑指令................................................................................................................................ 2-210XORW/XORL .............................................................................................................................................................2-214 COM/COML ................................................................................................................................................................2-216特殊算术指令.......................................................................................................................... 2-218 APR ............................................................................................................................................................................2-218 BCNT ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-227浮点算术运算指令.................................................................................................................. 2-229 FIX/FIXL ....................................................................................................................................................................2-233 FLT/FLTL ...................................................................................................................................................................2-235 +F，-F，*F，/F .......................................................................................................................................................2-237 =F，<>F，<F，<=F，>F，>=F ..............................................................................................................................2-241 FSTR ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-244 FVAL ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-249表数据处理指令...................................................................................................................... 2-253 SWAP .........................................................................................................................................................................2-253 FCS .............................................................................................................................................................................2-255数据控制指令.......................................................................................................................... 2-257 PIDAT .........................................................................................................................................................................2-257 TPO .............................................................................................................................................................................2-269 SCL .............................................................................................................................................................................2-276 SCL2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-280 SCL3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-284 AVG ............................................................................................................................................................................2-287子程序指令............................................................................................................................. 2-290 SBS .............................................................................................................................................................................2-290 SBN/RET ....................................................................................................................................................................2-295中断控制指令.......................................................................................................................... 2-298 MSKS ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-300 CLI ..............................................................................................................................................................................2-303 DI ................................................................................................................................................................................2-306 EI ................................................................................................................................................................................2-307高速计数器/脉冲输出指令..................................................................................................... 2-308 INI ...............................................................................................................................................................................2-308 PRV ............................................................................................................................................................................2-311 CTBL ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-315 SPED ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-319 PULS ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-323 PLS2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-325 ACC ............................................................................................................................................................................2-331 ORG ............................................................................................................................................................................2-336 PWM ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-339步指令.................................................................................................................................... 2-341 SNXT/STEP ................................................................................................................................................................2-342基本I/O单元指令................................................................................................................... 2-352 IORF ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-352 SDEC ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-354 DSW ............................................................................................................................................................................2-357 MTR ............................................................................................................................................................................2-361 7SEG ...........................................................................................................................................................................2-365串行通信指令.......................................................................................................................... 2-369 TXD ............................................................................................................................................................................2-369 RXD ............................................................................................................................................................................2-374时钟指令................................................................................................................................. 2-380 CADD/CSUB ...............................................................................................................................................................2-380 DATE ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-385故障诊断指令.......................................................................................................................... 2-387其它指令................................................................................................................................ 2-398 STC/CLC .....................................................................................................................................................................2-398WDT ............................................................................................................................................................................2-399第3章指令执行时间和步数........................................................3-1 3-1CP1E CPU单元的指令执行时间和步数.............................................................................3-2第4章循环时间的监控和计算.....................................................4-1 4-1循环时间的监控..................................................................................................................4-24-1-1循环时间的监控..........................................................................................................................4-2 4-2循环时间的计算..................................................................................................................4-3 4-2-1CPU单元运行流程图..................................................................................................................4-34-2-2循环时间概述..............................................................................................................................4-44-2-3PLC单元的I/O刷新时间............................................................................................................4-54-2-4循环时间计算示例.......................................................................................................................4-64-2-5延长在线编辑的循环时间............................................................................................................4-6第A章附录................................................................................A-1按助记符首字母顺序编排的指令列表.................................................................................A-2修订记录.....................................................................................................修订-1阅读和理解本手册请在使用本产品前阅读并理解本手册。

欧姆龙CP1H是一种可编程控制器（PLC），其指令集包括一系列用于控制和监视输入/输出信号的指令。

欧姆龙CP1H的指令集通常包括以下类型的指令：
1. 逻辑运算指令：用于对输入信号进行逻辑运算，如AND、OR、XOR等。

2. 算术运算指令：用于对数字进行加、减、乘、除等运算。

3. 移位和循环指令：用于对数字进行移位和循环操作。

4. 计时和计数指令：用于对时间进行计时和计数操作。

5. 通讯指令：用于与其他设备进行通讯。

6. 输入和输出指令：用于控制输入和输出信号。

欧姆龙CP1H的指令集可能会根据具体的型号和配置有所不同。

如果您需要了解欧姆龙CP1H的具体指令集，建议您参考欧姆龙官方网站或相关文档。

欧姆龙CPM1A系列PLC功能指令欧姆龙CPM1A系列PLC基本指令CPM1A系列PLC的基本逻辑指令与FX系列PLC较为相似，梯形图表达方式也大致相同，这里列表表示CPM1A系列PLC的基本逻辑指令（见表4-8）欧姆龙CPM1A系列PLC功能指令功能指令又称专用指令，CPM1A系列PLC提供的功能指令主要用来实现程序控制，数据处理和算术运算等。

这类指令在简易编程器上一般没有对应的指令键，只是为每个指令规定了一个功能代码，用两位数字表示。

在输入这类指令时先按下“FUN”键，再按下相应的代码。

下面将介绍部分常用的功能指令。

1．空操作指令NOP（0 0）本指令不作任何的逻辑操作，故称空操作，也不使用继电器，无须操作数。

该指令应用在程序中留出一个地址，以便调试程序时插入指令，还可用于微调扫描时间。

2．结束指令END（01）本指令单独使用，无须操作数，是程序的最后一条指令，表示程序到此结束。

PLC在执行用户程序时，当执行到END指令时就停止执行程序阶段，转入执行输出刷新阶段。

如果程序中遗漏END指令，编程器执行时则会显示出错信号：“NO END INSET”：当加上END指令后，PLC才能正常运行。

本指令也可用来分段调试程序。

3．互锁指令IL（02）和互锁清除指令ILC（0 3）这两条指令不带操作数，IL指令为互锁条件，形成分支电路，即新母线以便与LD指令连用，表示互锁程序段的开始；ILC指令表示互锁程序段结束。

互锁指令IL和互锁清除指令ILC用来在梯形图的分支处形成新的母线，使某一部分梯形图受到某些条件的控制。

IL和ILC指令应当成对配合使用，否则出错。

IL/ILC指令的功能是：如果控制IL的条件成立（即ON），则执行互锁指令。

若控制IL的条件不成立（即OFF），则IL与ILC之间的互锁程序段不执行，即位于IL/ILC之间的所有继电器均为OFF，此时所有定时器将复位，但所有的计数器，移位寄存器及保持继电器均保持当前值。

PLC知识CP1H型PLC的指令非常丰富，达到几百条，目前指令功能号范围为000～891，丰富的指令使PLC具有更多的功能。

在前面的章节已介绍了一些指令的使用，本章再介绍余下的大部分指令。

由于本文介绍的指令很多，虽然讲解时力争通俗易懂，但在学习时也可能会枯燥无味，读者可先花少量时间粗略了解这些指令，待以后需要用到时再认真研读。

指令名称助记符功能号传送MOV021倍长传送MOVL498否定传送MVN022否定倍长传送MVNL499位传送MOVB082数字传送MOVDDomain:/低压配电柜Mo re:kflwwk 多位传送XFRB062块传送XFER070块设定BSET071数据交换XCHG073数据倍长交换XCGL562数据分配DIST080数据抽取COLL081变址寄存器设定MOVR560变址寄存器设定MOVRW可变程序控制器（PLC）是从早期的继电器逻辑控制系统发展而来的。

自20世纪60年代问世以来，PLC得到了突飞猛进的发展，尤其在数据处理、络通信及与DCS等集散系统融合方面有了很大的进展，可变程序控制器已经成为工业自动化强有力的工具，得到了广泛的普及和推广应用。

本文以四层教学仿真电梯系统为例，着重讲述可变程序控制器（PLC）与上位计算机工控组态软件组态王之间的通信。

2 SIMATIC S7-200系列PLC及其编程软件STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32SIMATIC 小型S7-200系列PLC适用于各行各业，各种场合中的检测、监测及控制的自动化。

S7-200系列的强大功能使其无论在独立运行中，或相连成络皆能实现复杂控制功能。

S7-200系列出色表现在以下几个方面：极高的可靠性；极丰富的指令集；易于掌握；便捷的操作；丰富的内置集成功能；实时特性；强劲的通讯能力；丰富的扩展模块等。

S7-200系列在集散自动化系统中充分发挥其强大功能。

使用范围可覆盖从替代继电器的简单控制到更复杂的自动化控制。

PLC知识CP1H型PLC的指令非常丰富，达到几百条，目前指令功能号范围为000～891，丰富的指令使PLC具有更多的功能。

在前面的章节已介绍了一些指令的使用，本章再介绍余下的大部分指令。

由于本文介绍的指令很多，虽然讲解时力争通俗易懂，但在学习时也可能会枯燥无味，读者可先花少量时间粗略了解这些指令，待以后需要用到时再认真研读。

指令名称助记符功能号传送MOV021倍长传送MOVL498否定传送MVN022否定倍长传送MVNL499位传送MOVB082数字传送MOVDDomain:/低压配电柜Mo re:kflwwk 多位传送XFRB062块传送XFER070块设定BSET071数据交换XCHG073数据倍长交换XCGL562数据分配DIST080数据抽取COLL081变址寄存器设定MOVR560变址寄存器设定MOVRW可变程序控制器（PLC）是从早期的继电器逻辑控制系统发展而来的。

自20世纪60年代问世以来，PLC得到了突飞猛进的发展，尤其在数据处理、络通信及与DCS等集散系统融合方面有了很大的进展，可变程序控制器已经成为工业自动化强有力的工具，得到了广泛的普及和推广应用。

本文以四层教学仿真电梯系统为例，着重讲述可变程序控制器（PLC）与上位计算机工控组态软件组态王之间的通信。

2 SIMATIC S7-200系列PLC及其编程软件STEP 7-Micro/WIN 32SIMATIC 小型S7-200系列PLC适用于各行各业，各种场合中的检测、监测及控制的自动化。

S7-200系列的强大功能使其无论在独立运行中，或相连成络皆能实现复杂控制功能。

S7-200系列出色表现在以下几个方面：极高的可靠性；极丰富的指令集；易于掌握；便捷的操作；丰富的内置集成功能；实时特性；强劲的通讯能力；丰富的扩展模块等。

S7-200系列在集散自动化系统中充分发挥其强大功能。

使用范围可覆盖从替代继电器的简单控制到更复杂的自动化控制。