2020年高考英语五年高考三年模拟：专题14 完形填空 含答案

2020年上海五三中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConservation Volunteering in New ZealandWhether you are a student, professional or a retiree (退休者), anyone is welcome to make a difference and contribute to protecting some of the most beautiful islands in the world. Choose a suitable city and travelout to your conservation (保护) site to work with local people!Duration: 1-12 weeks Dates: Throughout the yearArrival day: Friday Return day: FridayRequirement: General level of fitness Age: 18+What will I be doing?Volunteer in New Zealand and enjoy conserving the environment through activities such as:·Tree planting·Walking trail construction·Protect native birds, insects, fish and penguins·Seed collection·Weed controlYou, and a group of up to 10 volunteers, will work under the guidance of a conservation team leader. Your team leader will give you regular safety instructions, inform you of the project aims and assist you with working effectively.No previous experience is necessary to join the project. All you need is a love of the environment and a fairly good level of fitness to help out!1.Who can sign up for this conservation volunteering project?A.A retired maths teacher.B.A primary school student.C.A scientist with heart disease.D.A businessman in a wheelchair.2.What can you do on the volunteer trip?A.Protect cultural sites and go shopping.B.Enjoy local sightseeing and go fishing.C.Protect weeds and build roads.D.Collect seeds and plant trees.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A history book.B.A travel magazine.C.A research paper.D.A novel.BA year ago I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn’t know how to deal with my broken heart.To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn’t think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness. But soon there was something wrong with me.Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I’m not so bad,” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother camewoefully. I had to take a semester off from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That’s why I want to share my story.4. Why did the author push herself during high school?A. She wanted to attend the University of San Francisco.B. It cost too much to study in a private school.C. Her parents controlled much of her life.D. Her family put her under pressure,5. What can we know about the author in the first two weeks?A. She couldn't fall asleep because of pressure.B. She couldn't pay attention to her study.C. She couldn't deal with her homesickness.D. She couldn't catch up with others.6. What does the underlined word “woefully” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Sadly.B. Surprisingly.C. Curiously.D. Happily.7. What is the author's purpose in writing this text?A. To look back on her past life.B. To increase her own confidence.C. To express appreciation to her mother.D. To encourage other girls like her to be positive.COur house was across the street from a big hospital so we rented our spare upstairs room to outpatients (门诊病人). One evening, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.His face looked terrible — it was swollen and red. Yet his voice was pleasant. He told me that he came for treatment and that he’d been hunting for a spare room since noon, but no one would give him one. “I guess it’s my face...”For a moment, I hesitated, but his next words convinced me: “I will sleep in this rocking chair on the porch. My bus leaves early in the morning.”The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughter’s five children and her disabled husband.He didn’t complain while telling me his story. He was grateful that no pain accompanied his disease, which was seemingly a form of skin cancer.The next morning, he said, “Can I come back and stay next time I need treatment?” I told him he was welcome to come again.On his next trip, as a gift, he brought a big fish and some large oysters (牡蛎). In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like these.My neighbour warned me that I could lose potential renters after the old man left.Maybe we did lose renters once or twice. But if they had known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family will always be grateful to have known him. From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.8. Why did the author let the old man stay after hesitation?A. The old man looks terrible and frightening.B. The old man is pitifully undemanding.C. The old man could’t rent room from others.D. The old man talked happily with the author.9. Which of the following shows the old man had a big heart?A.He had a large family to raise.B. He could sleep in a rocking chair.C. He did’t care about his disease.D. He wanted to come back and stay the next time.10. What can we learn about the author from the last two paragraphs?A. He was grateful for the neighbour’s warning.B. He and his neighbor are good friends.C. He truly appreciated the old man.D. He lost potential renters happily.11. What can be a suitable title for the text ?A. Kindness makes the world beautiful.B. Happiness is around thecorner.C. No pains, No gains.D. Live positively.DThere have been many fine films over the past several years aboutcharacters struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. But few of them have gone as deeply and frighteningly into the corners of adeterioratingmind as The Father,a powerful new drama built around a spellbinding performance from Anthony Hopkins.At this point in his long career,Hopkinswould seem to have exhausted his ability to surprise us, but his work here is nothing short of astonishing. His character, also named Anthony, is 80 years old and has dementia. At the beginning of the movie, his daughter, Anne — played by Olivia Colman — stops by hisLondonapartment to check on him. Her father's condition has taken a turn for the worse, and his temper has become severe enough to send his latest live in nurse packing. Anthony is stubborn and defiant and insists that he can manage on his own. But that's clearly not the case, given his habit of misplacing his things and his inability to remember names and faces, Anne's included.As The Father goes on, the more it becomes clear that it's his own mind that's playing tricks on him. What makes the movie so unsettling is the way it wires us directly into his subjective experience, so that the foundations of the story seem to shift at random from scene to scene. A man suddenly appears in the apartment, claiming tobe Anne's husband, which is odd, since just a few moments earlier, Anne seemed to be single. Anne goes out shopping for groceries, but when she returns, she's played not by Olivia Colman but by another actress, Olivia Williams. Even the apartment itself begins to shift. You notice puzzling differences-wasn't there a lamp on that hallway table just a moment ago?The story in The Father may be complicated but it's also heartbreakingly simple: man grows old and loses his memory, and his daughter, after lifetime of love and devotion, must begin the long painful process of saying goodbye.Hopkinsshows us Anthony's struggle to keep his sense about him. It's a striking performance-and an impossible one to forget.12. What does the underlined word “deteriorating” mean in the first paragraph?A. Worsening.B. Narrowing.C. Recovering.D. Improving.13. What do we learn about the character Anthony in the movie?A. He can take care of himselfB. He drives away the nurses.C. He is easy-going and forgetful.D. He lives with his daughter all the time.14. The shift of scenes in the movie is designed to .A. build the dramatic tension in the family.B. show off the well-designed story line.C. frighten the movie-goers with mysterious plot.D. involve the viewers into thedisordered memories.15. What does the author think ofHopkins?A. He has run out of his talent.B. He is not suitable for the roleC. He masterly plays the old man.D. He presents an odd performance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

专题14 完形填空夹叙夹议文，议论文和说明文特点分析+高分策略01专题网络·思维脑图02考情分析·解密高考03高频考点·以考定法微专题名词词义辨析易错点05创新好题·分层练人与自我2019记叙文人与自然环境保护87412022记叙文人与社会人际交往871312021记叙文人与自我完善自我1054102020记叙文人与社会文化遗产114320全国卷Ⅱ/全国甲卷2019记叙文人与社会人际关系953212020记叙文人与社会社会关系83612全国卷Ⅲ2019夹叙夹议人与自然人与环境94520考点一 完形填空夹叙夹议文命题点01 夹叙夹议文典例01【2021年全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an_____60_____ and should be rewarded.41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused55 A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting.56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra命题点02 议论文典例01【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education命题点03 说明文典例01【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology___26___ that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective一、夹叙夹议文二、议论文一）文体特征不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。

2020年全国I卷阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?”Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend2020年全国II卷阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海五三中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Fall 2020 Cookbooks Worth Your Time (and Money)Be My GuestFrom Priya Basil, this book is a self-reflection on how food and the act of serving it are used to express love and support. Basil reflects on some of her earliest memories of food and how it affected her upbringing and relationship with her parents. Now a parent herself, she centers food in her book's exploration of that change of identity.EastFrom Guardian columnist Meera Sodha comes a cookbook centered on vegetables. The book features recipes that cover a variety of Asian cuisines. Sodha showcases the diversity of vegetarian cooking with dishes like eggplant larb mushroom bao, Singapore noodles and so much more.I Cook in ColorA follow-up from her first cookbook My Two Souths, Asha Gomez focuses on the rainbow of vegetables to create desserts and cross-cultural dishes that associate cooking traditions of her mother's Keralite kitchen and Gomez's travel experiences.Time to EatIf you're a fan of The Great British Baking Show and Nadiya Hussain's Netflix series, you'll be just as excited for the American release of this book of time-saving tips for home cooks on a budget. It's a book to go to for inspiration that doesn't involve countless hours of sweating over a hot stove.1.What can we learn about the author ofBe My Guest?A.She had a bad relationship with her parents.B.She began to cook food in her early childhood.C.She considers food a means of expressing affection.D.She explores in the book how to be a grandparent.2.What do theEastandI Cook in Colorhave in common?A.They offer recipes about Asian cuisines.B.They center on cooking vegetables.C.They are the author's first cookbooks.D.They are based on the author's travel experiences.3.Which book can you refer toif you just have limited time for cooking?A.Be My Guest.B.East.C.I Cook in Color.D.Time to Eat.BA new study suggests drinking coffee as soon as someone wakes up from a poor night’s sleep greatly affects metabolism(新陈代谢) and blood sugar control.In the study, published in theBritish Journal of Nutrition, UK researchers let 29 healthy men and women take part in three different overnight experiments. In the first two scenes, participants were given a sugary drink uponwaking—first from a normal night’s sleep, and then again after a poor night’s sleep during which they were woken up for five minutes every hour. In the third, their sleep was similarly disrupted, but they were given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.Blood samples from participants were taken following the sugary drink, which mirrored the calories of a typical breakfast, in each experiment. Results showed that one night of disrupted sleep did not worsen the participants’ blood sugar responses at breakfast when compared to a normal night of sleep. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast increased the blood sugar response by around 50 percent.By drinking such kind of drink after breakfast, UK researchers found that our bodies’ ability to break down our food healthily is completely improved. Examining the effects of broken sleep and morning coffee across a range of different metabolic markers, scientists at the University of Bath found that, while one night of poor sleep had a limited effect on metabolism, drinking coffee before breakfast could have a negative effect on blood sugar control.“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee—the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee is. This simple study is important and has far-reaching health influences, and it indeed moves some coffee drinkers’ heartstrings. As up to now we have had limited knowledge about what this is doing to our bodies, in particular for our metabolic and blood sugar control, so we have a long way to go.” said Professor James Betts, co-director of the Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism at the University of Bath.4. How did UK researchers get the result of the experiment?A. By making comparisons.B. By consulting journals.C. By questionnaire.D. By assumption.5. What can we learn from the experiment?A. One night of poor sleep surely affects blood sugar.B. Drinking coffee after breakfast does harm to health.C. Having strong drinks has a good effect on metabolism.D. Drinking coffee at different time has different effects on health.6. What does James Betts think of the study?A. It makes no sense.B. It remains to be continued.C. It is limited and blind.D. It is particular and explicit.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. How Much Coffee to Drink MattersB. Does Coffee Really Wake Up an Appetite?C. How Does Drinking Coffee Affect One’s Sleep?D. Drinking Coffee before Breakfast Harms MetabolismCCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourselfwith a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.8. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.9. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.10. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.11. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.DAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessonsstart. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.12. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.13. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to14. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.15. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海五三中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAlex Palmer says he'll never forget his 13th birthday, not because of a gift or a party, but fire. “It made me realize how valuable life is,” said Alex, a seventh grader atMonroeDemonstrationSchoolinTulsa,Oklahoma.On April 18, Alex and many other kids from his school were riding home on a school bus when they suddenly saw smoke coming from the bus’ engine. “It was jaw-dropping,” he told reporters.By the time Alex and some other kids made it out the bus’ back door, the bus was already on fire. And some of their schoolmates were still inside. So he and some of the other older kids took action.“One little kid was slowing everyone down with his big backpack, ” eighth grader Destiny Fain said, “so I got it off and threw it to the side and helped to make sure all the little kids weren’t fighting or pushing. ”As that was going on, sixth grader Marketez Doyle-Smith reportedly helped another classmate who had trouble in breathing because of the smoke. “We saw our friend lying on the ground,” he said, “so we took our shirts off and waved them to get him some air to breathe.”Marketez also reportedly stopped a younger kid trying to get back on the bus to search for something he’d left behind. “We're all a family,” he told reporters. “So I went back to help the little kid.”Finally everyone made it off safely, thanks to Alex, Destiny, Marketez and several other kids. By later that day, they were already being called heroes. “I really don’t see it as being a hero,” Alex said, according to The World. “I see it as the right thing to do—helping others before you help yourself.”1. What happened on Alex’ s way home?A. The school bus was on fire suddenly.B. There was a party for Alex’s birthday.C. He received a gift from his classmate.D. Some classmates quarreled with each other.2. By saying "We're all a family.” Marketez probably meantA. We’re brothers in the same family.B. It’s our duty to help each other.C. We’re classmates in the same class.D. The thing left on the bus is mine.3. According to the last paragraph, Alex thought that heA. was not a brave student.B. had the right to do anything.C. had just done what he should do.D. hated to be called a hero by others.BA team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.4. What can we learn about actuators?A. They can heal on their own.B. They are biological muscles.C. They can not move like human muscles.D. They are slower to react than real muscles.5. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?A. Solids.B. Liquid and oil.C. A type of polymer.D. Potato chips bags.6. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The origin of actuators.B. The opinions on actuators.C. The advantages of actuators.D. The significance of actuators.7. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?A. Health.B. Culture.C. Education.D. Technology.CTofight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orangepeels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues（途径，手段）with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him."While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls ofvines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.Treuer and his team spent months picking upsamples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area withorange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar withcomposting(施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national parkand stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.8. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?A. Add them to fuel.B. Feed them to animals.C. Burn or bury them.D. Make them into cakes.9. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?A. It lasted 15 years.B. It was signed by Treuer.C. It was made in about 1998.D. It was broken by Del Oro.10. What was Treuer's finding?A. Orange peels contain much fibre.B. Orange peels can make soil richer.C. Orange peels rot away in a short time.D. Orange waste ruined the national park.11. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?A. Disapproving.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Admirable.DThe Chinese philosopher (哲学家) Confucius once said, “Time flows away like the water in the river.” This is especially true as the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has affected millions of people in China, andthe whole nation has been working day and night to fight the epidemic.In late January, when an increasing number of people in Wuhan were suspected to be infected, and hospitals didn't have adequate beds for them, two special hospitals—Lei shenshan Hospital and Huo shenshan Hospital were built. These two makeshift (临时的) hospitals were built to treat pneumonia patients infected with the novel coronavirus.HuoshenshanHospitalhas 1,000 beds and covers 33,900 square meters, andLeishenshanHospitalhas 1,500 beds and a total area of about 79,000 square meters. More than 4,000 workers worked 24/7 in two shifts, and nearly 1,000 large-scale pieces of equipment and transport vehicles helped the project on site. The two hospitals were built in an amazingly short time. It only took 10 days for people to build Huo shenshan, and 14 days for Lei shenshan.This certainly wowed many people overseas. “It's incredible that two hospitals with 2,500 beds can be built in a short period. It's just hard to believe,” a foreigner named Stuart told People's Daily. In the meantime, Chinese companies have also taken actions quickly in this battle.“The automobile industry is highly industrialized with strong capabilities in comprehensive manufacturing, purchasing materials, production lines and output of technologies,” Shi Jianhua, deputy secretary-general of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, told CCTV News. “In this special time, when the nation needs more masks, it's time for us to quickly respond and shoulder the social responsibilities.”Indeed, a fast response is crucial in any crisis. In this special time,Chinacan't afford to waste a second in the fight against the epidemic. After all, time equals life during this crisis.12. Confucius' saying “Time flows away like the water in the river.” is mentioned to ______.A. arouse readers' interest in the passage.B. introduce the subject of the passage.C. present the background information.D. stress the value of time in epidemic.13. What can we learn about Lei shenshan hospital and Huo shenshan hospital?A. They are new hospitals for health care inWuhan.B. They were built in minimal time.C. Over 4,000 workers worked continuously.D. Stuart found them too massive to believe.14. We can infer from Shi Jianhua's words that the automobile industry inChina______.A. had no medical supplies factories before.B. guarantees whoever in need enough masks.C. has capabilities to give timely response.D. has strong abilities in manufacturing.15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. China fights epidemic against the clock.B. Twospecial hospitals were constructed.C. Chinese firms acted quickly and effectively.D. Time is crucial for people in overcoming crisis.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市五三中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy wife Hilary andI were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we saw a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!" An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back the sign of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. Thebear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod(三脚架)in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew 1 would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards-the forest,before returning for another attack the first time I felt panic.Obviously satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.1. How did the writer feel when faced with the brown bear?A. Fearful but confident.B. Nervous but brave.C. Upset but determined.D. Awful but hopeful.2. The bear finally went away after itA. got injuredB. felt safeC. found some foodD. took away the camera3. What does the author want to tell us?A. We should keep calm when troubles comeB. We should rise to the challenge when faced with difficulties.C. We should not risk ourselves in some dangerous areas.D. We should learn to take advantage of anything at hand when in trouble.BSome years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation system？It seemed impossible, and with considerable regret. Suddenly a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad moments. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even advanced bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, along with the different, is almost scary by definition. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can accomplish wonders.4. The author accepted the assignment because_________.A. he had never travelled abroad beforeB. he hardly knew any foreign languagesC. he was familiar with any other country in EuropeD. he would learn something new and different by trying5. Which of the following statements is TRUE？A. The author had been abroad only twice.B. The author thought the trip was hard but worthwhile.C. The author admitted that anything different was terrible.D. The author must be good at doing research and making interviews.6. We can infer from the text that the author is_______.A. awkwardB. generousC. stubbornD. brave7. What's the best title of the text？A. An Interesting Trip AbroadB. My First Writing AssignmentC. Ready to Try and ChallengeD. How to Be Daring and Brave.CIs homeschooling good or bad? That is a question that many parents ask themselves. In my opinion, homeschooled kids can give reliable answers.Kayla Murray, who lives inGreensboroNorth Carolina, started homeschooling almost eight years ago, after attending two local schools. “Homeschooling is school at home,” like the name says, but it’s not just that/ she says. “You're able to learn more and do more.”Having experienced learning at both school and home, Kayla says that she prefers the latter. “With homeschooling, I can do schoolwork in my pajamas, and no one cares,” she says, “you also have more chances. Earlier this year, my family and I were able to take a short vacation and go to an air show. My siblings and I get to take the day off for our birthdays. This year, I spent that time reading and playing the piano and guitar.”There are, however,drawbacksof being homeschooled, Kayla says, especially “the lack of people”. While she doesn't miss homework, al school, she did enjoy getting to see my friends every day.”Matthew Dimmette, also fromGreensboro, used to be a homeschooler. He now attends public high school. He says being homeschooled is quite different from going to public school. The differences depend on how you arc homeschooled and the things you do. “For me, it wasn't really different in terms of the classes but the school environment was a big change atter hearting at home. says Matthew.Talking about his homeschooling experience, Matthew says the best part of it was being able to learn what he wanted to. Yet the main disadvantage was that he couldn't do many experiments in homeschooling unless taking classes at different places. “My interest in science has been growing quickly in recent years, so I chose to go to public school,” he says.8. What does Kayla like about learning at home?A. She can spend her time more freely.B. She can always stay with her siblings.C. She can play the instruments she likes.D. She can celebrate her birthday at home.9. What does the underlined word “drawbacks” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Concerns.B. Reasons.C. Changes.D. Problem.10. Why did Matthew choose to go to public school?A. He wanted to make more friends.B. He wanted to do experiments in labs.C. He wanted to take all kinds of classesD.He wanted to experience the school environment11. What in the authors attitude cowards homeschooling?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Uninterested.D. Unclear.DThursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.12. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.13. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A. Making a comparison.B. Serving as a connecting link.C. Analyzing the cause and effect.D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.14. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What makes theArcticattractive?B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海五三中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASwimming Holes in AmericaIn America, these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.Cummins FallsLooking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America? For more than 100 years, Cummins Falls, a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County, TN, has been a treasure for Tennessee natives. But now, the secret is out! Although it’s a bit tough to get to, once in the park, the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.Sliding RockA popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers, Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County. A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom, making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.Mooney FallsIt is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon, rising 190 feet above the surface. Named after an explorer in the 1800s, Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling（爬）through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff（峭壁）face with just a couple of chains to hold on to. Although it is tough to get to, the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.Lihue EstateA private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai, HI, was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults. The waters for this 2.5-mile journey, which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families?A. Lihue Estate.B. Sliding Rock.C. Mooney Falls.D. Cummins Falls.2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text?A. It wasfound by an explorer.B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.C. It is dangerous to arrive there.D. It is the tallest fall in the world.3. What is special about Lihue Estate?A. It is man-made.B. It is a private area.C. Its water is from underground.D. It lies on the top of Mount WaialealeBJake Oldershaw and his daughter Mollie from Birmingham, Britain have asthma (哮喘). Mollie, 11, has required hospital treatment several times while Jake Says he always finds breathing more difficult when there is heavy traffic. Air quality has an enormous impact on their lives and both noticed a marked improvement during the spring lockdown because of the epidemic (疫情). Jake said, “During lockdown there was a noticeable difference in air quality. I didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period. These days you can feel the effects.”However, under current COVID-19 restrictions in the UK this winter, many people probably will have to work from home. The Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) says while emissions (排放) have dropped this year because we've been travelling less and doing less, the expected use ofgas boilers to provide heating and hot water could rise by more than half.Heating accounts for nearly 37% of the UK's total carbon emissions. Modelling by the ECIU suggests a 56% increase in boiler usage this winter resulting in a 12% increase in emissions of carbon. The ECIU says that's enough to offset the last two years' worth of progress on reducing traffic emissions.Jess Ralston, author of the analysis for the ECIU, said, “Working from home and having increased gas use in the home could be really critical for air pollution and also climate change. The way we heat our homes needs to change if we are to get to net zero by 2050.”Jess Ralston said, “The increase in pollution from gas boilers expected this winter provides a graphic illustration (图解) of their forgotten role in air pollution. And it is a role set to continue without practical policies to decarbonize home heating. ”The government is set to publish its Heat and Buildings Decarbonisation Strategy in a few weeks which is expected to give details on plans to try to switch British homes to cleaner sources of heat.4. How did the spring lockdown in the UK affect Jake?A. He was cured of his asthma.B. He had to go to hospital for retreatment.C. He suffered a noticeable difficulty in study.D. He didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period.5. What is concerning the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit?A. The epidemic will become worse.B. Air pollution will get worse this winter.C. People may have to work from home longer.D. There is less energy for gas boilers in winter.6. What would Jess Ralston agree with?A. People prefer to work from home in winter.B. The government failed to protect the environment.C. People tend to ignore the harmful effect of home heating.D. The climate has suffered a lot from the epidemic this year.7. How to improve air quality during winter according to Jess Ralston?A. A warmer winter season.B. Less and less gas boilers.C. Practical plans from the government.D. Improved awareness of cutting down pollution.CJohn Montefiore's path to graduation from theUniversityofTorontowas a little unusual. He recently completed his bachelor's degree(学士学位) which he started in1995.Montefiore left university in 1996 and tried to tell himself that a degree wasn't necessary for personal success. But it remained unfinished businessuntil he made the decision to return in 2018 at the age 42. At that time, his job development stalled, so he made up his mind to go back to school in order to improve himself and work well in future.The second time around, Montefiore never missed a class and always sat in the front row. He found many courses invaluable and he received the Award of Excellence twice. He found support services played an important role in his successful return. He said, “I hadn't written a paper for years, so I found the college writing centre to be of great use. Before I handed in a paper, they would give me feedback, which was really great. The university has so much built in to help students succeed and I'm so thankful for that.” But he also met difficulties this time. As a student much older than others, he found it harder to make friends with classmates.However, no matter what had happened before, he finally got his bachelor's degree. He said, “After all theseyears, I had thought it wouldn't mean anything, but it means a lot. I totally understand the value of education now. It's not necessarily the value that other people see in it, but the value it gives me as a person, for my confidence and my self-esteem. It also helps me prepare well before I re-enter the workplace.”8. Why was Montefiore's graduation unusual?A. He had achieved personal success before.B. He understood the importance of a degree.C. He finished his degree at a much older age.D. He began his university study at a young age.9. What does the underlined word "stalled" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Stopped.B. Started.C. Survived.D. Succeeded.10. What can we learn about Montefiore from the third paragraph?A. He got good grades very easily.B. He took his study seriously this timeC. He was thankful for his classmates' helpD. He had difficulty using support services.11. What did Montefiore learn from his experience?A. Confidence is important in one's life.B. Others' opinions on education matter a lot.C. Higher education is a must for personal success.D. Education makes one feel better about himself.DA male tiger was rescued in Mishan city, Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, on Friday. A tiger was recently seen on the Siner Russian border（边界），but there is no evidence to suggest this is the same tiger or that it had lost its way from Russia.Wherever it may have come from, cross-border protection of endangered species is a problem. According to Ma Jianzhang, a senior wild animal researcher in China, tigers know no borders, which have been built to stop humans from illegally crossing over. However, these borders also stop the free movement of tigers, thus preventing their breeding（繁殖）and exchange of genes.The Sino-Russian border alsocomes in the way ofprotecting tigers in the region. Data show about 500 to 550 Siberian tigers, or over 90 percent of the species, live in the wild in Russia; 27 live in the wild in China, and 50 inthe border region. Sometimes tigers lose their way across the border and that is hindering（妨碍）efforts to stop illegal hunting and protecting them.Fortunately, both China and Russia have realized this problem and are working toward solving it. As early as 2010, the two countries established a cross-border protection network aimed at strengthening communication on protecting tigers in the northeast. The countries have also held anti-poaching（反偷猎）activities together. In 2019, two national parks from the two countries signed a three-year deal to share research data on tigers, greatly improving the living conditions of Siberian tigers in the wild.However, much more needs to be done to protect the species. It is necessary to combine the tiger protection areas in the two countries. That will require greater efforts from both sides and some difficulties might remain even then. Fortunately, both countries have been taking effective measures to provide the endangered species a better home.12. What's the original purpose of setting up the Sino-Russian borders?A. To ban people from illegal crossings.B. To help protect tigers in the region.C. To protect tigers from losing their way.D. To stop tigers' breeding and exchange of genes.13. What does the underlined phrase “comes in the way of” probably mean?A. keeps from.B. is on the way toC. is aimed atD. keeps up14. What is the focus of Paragraph 4 ?A. Recent studies and researches on tigers.B. Joint efforts by China and Russia to protect tigers.C. The possible effects of establishing a networkD. Reasons for improving the living conditions of tigers.15. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To inform the possible dangers of tiger protection.B. To cover the news about a missing tiger on the border.C. To put forward suggestions on finding the missing tiger.D. To report the problems and measures of cross-border tiger protection.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市五三中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease（冠心病）, and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of asolution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”4. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.5. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.6. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.7. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.CFrom skateboarding to Fleetwood Mac, TikTok users got creative in a pandemic (流行病) year with new songs, dances and shows in 60 seconds or less.The social mediavideo app on Wednesday shared its list of top 100 videos, creators and trends in America during 2020. “These videos brought joy and inspiration to millions of Americans in the rough year,” said Kudzi Chikumbu, director of creator community at TikTok.The platform has been widely associated with Generation Z (people born after 1996), millennials (people born in the 1980s or 1990s) and influencers who have started careers based on the shared videos.The Weeknd'sBlinding Lightsand Jason Derulo's Savage Loveinspired TikTok dance challenges that made themamong the top songs used on the app.For some TikTok creators, the pandemic itself became inspiration to create a connection with other users. Comedian Caitlin Reilly used the app during quarantine (隔离) to make fun of those annoying coworkers for one of the top liked videos. And singer Curtis Roach made an song for the endless days at home with his song Bored in the House.The second most popular video was an Idaho man named Nathan Apodaca who shot to fame after coolly singing Dreams by Fleetwood Mac, while skateboarding on a highway.But the most liked TikTok video was awarded to Bella Poarch with 45 million followers, who created a simple but interesting video with a few seconds of well-timed head nods and eye rolls.While the app might be designed for youth, Chikumbu said that the growth of TikTok this year has pushed it more into mainstream culture. “You're seeing everyone from the teenager to the college students with their parents and then their grandparents all making videos,” said Chikumbu. “And now TikTok trulytranscendsgenerations, particularly in this year when people had a lot of time to dig in and not only watch, but try.”8. What do we know about The Weeknd?A. He created the famous song Dreams.B. He started a career based on shared videos.C. He is probably a popular singer on TikTok.D. He organized the TikTok dance challenges.9. What did Curtis Roach think of his life during quarantine?A. Meaningful.B. Peaceful.C. Content.D. Uninteresting.10. The most popular TikTok video in 2020 was created by ______.A. Caitlin ReillyB. Curtis RoachC. Nathan ApodacaD. Bella Poarch11. What does the underlined word “transcends” in the last paragraph mean?A. Makes use of.B. Goes beyond.C. Calls on.D. Takes charge of.DBack about 20 months ago I started college and just struggled with everything, such as classes and friends. Iquickly became depressed and angry at myself for not being about to do better in school, in addition to lack of friends due to poor social and communication skills.This went on for months until my 19th birthday. My parents sent me a cake, which was a great cake. But I remember having this large cake and ly no one to share it with. I ended throwing out the cake after having one piece, with about 90 % of it leftover. That night I was depressed that I decided to go outside to the freezing temperature of the winter and run. I put my earphones in, went outside and ran about 2 miles at 11 p.m. on my birthday.When I got back inside I was content. I was proud of what I was able to do. The next night I did the same. I wasn’t quick or fit but you know that I went outside and did something. This continued for about 2 months until I finally worked up the courage to go to the gym, where I started swimming again as I used to in high school. A month went by and I started lifting weights and continually running.Looking back I can see that exercise helped cure my depression but it didn’t only do that. At the gym I met new friends and back at my dorm I grew confidence to go to the end of the hall seeing people playing Super Smash Brothers and ask if I could join.So go forward to present now. I exercise every day and look forward to that hour and a half I get daily to do what I love with people who love it as well. I hope this helps someone who may be or have been in a similar situation.12. What made the author decide to run at night?A. His l9th birthday.B. His parents’ cake.C. His loneliness.D. His friends.13. Which of the following best describes the author?A. Traditional.B. Determined.C. Humorous.D. Generous.14. What is the biggest benefit of the author’s running?A. Regaining his confidence.B. Losing his weight.C. Playing with his brothers.D. Joining other activities.15. Why do you think the author wrote this passage?A. To recall his life in college.B. To show his gratitude to his parents.C. To emphasize the importance of friendship.D. To share his experience of dealing with hardship.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

专题十四 完形填空挖命题 【考情探究】 考点考情分析考查目标体裁记叙文夹叙夹议文记叙文记叙文夹叙夹议文完形填空考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇的能力。

试题要求考生根据文章的主旨和结构以及上下文的逻辑关系选择适合文章内容、语法搭配正确的选项 题材 学生因为好奇而 夹住了指头的 生活趣事通过自身经历阐 述时间是忙出来的 青年教师聪明 处置发生事故 的校车 管理员在伊拉克战火中保护图书 让儿子养鸡来教育孩子只有付出才有收获 名词 动词动词词组形容词 副词介词介词词组其他分析解读 完形填空的考查是在一篇词左右的文章中设个空,要求考生根据文章的整体内容、上下文的意群以及文章发展的逻辑关系,选择适合文章内容和逻辑的词或词组。

.完形填空题要求考生有根据文章的整体内容和上下文之间的逻辑关系去选择适合文章情节的答案的能力。

完形填空的设题目的是考查考生对文章的理解,考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力,如词义辨析、词语搭配、习惯用法、语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等。

同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。

考生必须在一定的时间内读懂文章,把握作者意图,推断文章内涵,从整体上把握文章的内在逻辑关系,然后根据上下文语境,结合所学的语言知识和各种常识选出符合语境和文意的词语。

.完形填空基本不涉及语法项目的考查。

因此,其提供的四个选项一般都是同一词类或同一性质的单词或词组。

即使个别小题中四个备选答案的词类有不相同者,其语法功能也往往是一样的。

考生只有结合上下文语境才能选出正确答案。

所以说考查语境意义是完形命题的关键所在。

这种形式的试题特点是:对于四个选项,如果孤立地看对应挖空的句子,都能满足句子的要求,无论将哪一个选项放进去,从词法上说都是正确的。

.完形填空选材特点:①从短文的长度来看,近五年高考中,每篇短文的词数在至之间。

②短文的选材灵活,题材广泛,体裁以记叙文为主,近几年出现了应用文、夹叙夹议、议论文等文体,时代气息越来越浓,更加贴近现实生活。

2020届上海市五三中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's just before l pm and hungry guests are starting to emerge out onto the wooden floor at the back of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge in Zimbabwe. A few have already settled in for lunch, drinking beer and enjoying their sandwiches and salads in the sunshine. It's a normal setting until you look up. Overhead, the sky is filled with several hundred vultures (秃鹭).They too have arrived for their midday snack. Every day the team at this hotel places last night's leftover meat out for the vultures to eat. They call it the "Vulture Restaurant" and it's a vital part of protecting these birds, who have become some of the most endangered species in Africa.In Zimbabwe, where illegal hunting of elephants and rhinos is a major issue, poisoning poses a significant threat to the birds. "In recent years hunters have realized they can use poison to kill animals. It's effective because it's silent and therefore doesn't attract much attention.when the vultures eat the bodies of the dead animals they die too," says Roger Parry, Wildlife Manager at the Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust.The Vulture Restaurant initiative is part feeding programme, part education programme. By attracting the birds to the Vulture Restaurant every day the team can ensure they're regularly getting a safe meal, and while the birds are there they can educate tourists from all over the world about these creatures.“Lunch” is served by Moses Garira. He has the unenviable task of wandering out into the middle of the clearing with a box full of meat, dropping the contents onto the ground and running for his life as the vultures fly downward suddenly for their food. No one, surely, would volunteer for this role, but Garira rather enjoys it. Back in the safety of the viewing seats, he tells the onlookers about the importance of vultures. "They're hugely important in terms of their role of cleaning up the bodies of dead animals," says Garira. "Notably, they're safely able to digest bacteria like anthrax. Without vultures, there'd be a lot more disease in the world."1. What's the biggest threat vultures facing in Zimbabwe?A. Overhunting.B. Unsafe food.C. Loss of habitat.D. A bird disease.2. What would others think of Garira's job?A. Scary.B. Relaxing.C. Well-paid.D. Time-consuming3. What do Garira's words mean?A. Birds are human's best friends.B. People know little about vultures.C. Vultures are environmentally favorable.D. Vultures are in urgentneed of protection.BThe race skywards began inAmerica. In the late1800s, industrialization had driven urban populations and land prices up, making tall buildings increasingly cost-effective, according to Carol Willis, director of theSkyscraperMuseuminNew York, “The very first tall buildings were office buildings that concentrated a work force, piled one on top of the other in order to make business very efficient, ”she says.Like all major changes in architecture, the trend wasunderpinnedby engineering. The development of steel framework, which could be used instead of load-bearing stones, made it easier and cheaper to build tall. The coming of the elevator, meanwhile, made living on higher floors far more convenient.Though similar in shape, today's skyscrapers (摩天大楼) look little like those built in the first half of the 20thcentury. This is mostly thanks to architecture's next major technological shift：the curtain wall.Postwar developments in manufacturing meant that huge panes of glass could be produced quickly and uniformly, and glass windows soon became the front of choice for high-rises. As well as allowing for greater floor space and more natural light, glass exteriors (外部) help. buildings resist greater windloads.There are now 191 completed skyscrapers that are at least 300 meters tall. But that doesn't mean our cities will grow taller indefinitely. While each additional story adds sellable floor space, construction costs also rise. All buildings reach a point where adding an extra floor will cost more money than it brings.“Every city wants to have this landmark that gives that sense of distinct culture, ”but it also needs places for people to live and work in urban settings“without the city sprawling (无序扩张), ”explains Hong Kong architect Simon Chan.The next big challenge facing architects goes beyond height：At a time when buildings and their constructionaccount for more than a third of the world's energy consumption and contribute about 40% of greenhouse gas emissions(排放), there are new costs to consider.Whether it's employing more energy-efficient materials, encouraging natural air or using buildings themselves to generate solar or wind energy, reducing carbon emissions is the new frontier for many skyscraper architects.4. What does the underlined word“underpinned” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Created.B. Prepared.C. Suggested.D. Supported.5. What made living on higher floors much more convenient?A. The development of steel framework.B. Load-bearing stones.C. The use of the elevator.D. The curtain wall.6. What can we know from paragraph 5?A. Our cities will grow taller definitely.B. All skyscrapers are at least 300 meters tall.C. Construction cost rises as the stories increase.D. The profit for builders will be greater as the building becomes higher.7. What's the next big challenge facing architects?A. How to build the greenest building.B. How to build the strongest building.C. How to build the tallest building in the world.D. How to build the most comfortable building.CNaomi Cooke was walking with a friend and their dogs through her local park in Burnside, on Tuesday when she heard someone shout to watch out. Cooke turned and hardly had time to react before a flying disc hit her in the face with a "big bang”, leaving her right cheek swollen almost to the size of a golfball.Two men playing disc golf at the course in Jellie Park were about 20 metres fromthe pairwhen one of them threw the disc hard, aiming for a nearby goal.After being hit Cooke immediately went to the emergency department, where two CT scans on her face and cheek found she had escaped any broken bones. "I'm lucky it didn't hit my eye because I think I would have lost it." Cooke said.Cooke often walks her dog at the park and said it was always busy with people playing disc golf, but it was not until after Tuesday that she became concerned about public safety there.There were no signs about the disc golf course in the park, she said, and the area is shared with children and people walking their dogs.“If it had hit one of the kids in the head, it could have killed them.” Cooke did not think she was the only person who had been hit before, and said there would be others who share her concerns.Cooke planned to go to the council, saying it needed to realise how dangerous it was for the space to be shared by everyone and to provide disc golfers with a space where they can play safely. "There should be rules about how it's done, making it safe for everyone.”8. What happened to Cooke on Tuesday?A. She was struck by a golf ball.B. She was hit by a flying disc.C. She was beaten by two men.D. She was frightened by a mad dog.9. What do the underlined words "the pair" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Cooke and her friend.B. Cooke and her dog.C. The two disc golfers.D. The two CT scans.10. How did Cooke feel about people playing disc golf in the park?A. Acceptable.B. Shocked.C. Angry.D. Worried.11. Why did Cooke plan to go to the council?A. To get the two men in trouble.B. To call for a ban on disc golf.C. To ask for personal protection.D. To call for safer places for disc golf.DIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in ablog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not even the simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants12. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands13. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.14. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants15. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the Future第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年高考英语三轮冲刺练习完形填空一1.The summer before I went off to college,Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board(烫衣板)and said,“Pay attention:I’m going to teach you to iron.”Mom clearly explained her　（1）　for this lesson.I was going to be　（2）　and needed to learn this vital skill.Also,I would be meeting new people,and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good　（3）　.“Learn to iron a shirt,”Mom said,“and you can iron anything.”But ironing shirts was not　（4）　work.It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball,and it wasn’t a　（5）　operation like ice-skating.Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet. Moreover,an iron produced steam and it carried an element of　（6）　.If you touched the wrong part of it,you’d get burnt.If you forgot to turn it off when you　（7）　,you might burn down the house.As for technique,Mom　（8）　me to begin with the flat spaces outward,always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled(有褶皱的)parts.Collars had to be done right.Mom said they were close to your face,where everyone would　（9）　them.Over the years,I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully,which gives me a sense of （10）.Whatever failures I suffer in my life,an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something.　（11）　,through ironing I’ve learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems.“　（12）　wrinkles one at a time,”as Mom might have said,“and before long everything will get ironed out.”（1）A.reasons B.rules C.emotions　D.methods（2）A.helpful B.confident C.powerful D.independent（3）A.conclusion B.suggestion C.impression D.observation（4）efulB.easyC.specialD.suitable（5）A.directB.singleC.smoothD.strange（6）A.doubtB.pressureC.surpriseD.danger（7）A.went away B.fell down C.jumped off D.looked up（8）A.taughtB.choseC.forcedD.sent（9）A.touchB.designC.seeD.admire（10）A.honestyB.freedomC.justiceD.pride（11）A.InsteadB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.However（12）A.Make up B.Deal with C.Ask for D.Rely on2.In 2012,I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer’s conference in Orlando,Florida.My family persuaded me that a(n)　（1）　might be just what the doctor ordered,so off I　（2）　.Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring,but I　（3）　to catch a taxi tomy（4）　and settle in.Next morning,I took another　（5）　to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.　（6）　I went to a caféto have lunch,but all the tables were　（7）　.Then I heard a friendly voice saying,“You can　（8）　my table.”I gratefully sat down with the　（9）　lady and we had a happy lunch together.Asthe　（10）　drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando.I had already told her that I hadn’t　（11）　a car,and hadn’t realised how　（12）　taking taxis would be. After a while she said,“My dear,don’t use any more taxis.I’m retired and it would be my pleasure to　（13）　you wherever you wish.”I told her that I couldn’t put her to that　（14）　,but she brushed aside my protests(反对).She asked me where I was　（15）　and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the　（16）　time to take me to Disney World.She spent some time with me before leaving me to　（17）　alone.At the end of the day,she　（18）　to take me back to my accommodation.I　（19）　her money but she refused to take any.I’ll never forget that wonderful lady who,through her　（20）　,filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.（1）A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment（2）A.kept B.went C.dropped　D.knocked（3）A.intendedB.promisedC.managedD.deserved（4）A.hospital pany C.university D.accommodation（5）A.colleague B.passenger C.suitcase D.taxi（6）terD.Once（7）A.classified B.occupied C.decorated D.painted（8）A.shareB.reserveC.setD.possess（9）A.oldB.poorC.innocentD.stubborn（10）A.journeyB.mealC.speechD.interview（11）A.donatedB.repairedC.hiredD.guided（12）A.convenient B.worthwhile C.unfortunate D.expensive（13）A.inspireB.entertainC.callD.drive（14）A.business B.argument C.trouble D.challenge（15）A.workingB.stayingC.movingD.shopping（16）A.appointed B.limited C.favourite D.regular（17）A.digestB.exploreC.performD.calculate（18）A.forgotB.refusedC.returnedD.preferred（19）A.sentB.lentC.offeredD.owed（20）A.confidence B.dignity C.curiosity D.kindness3. We have been driving in fog all morning,but the fog is lifting now.The little seaside villages are　（1）　,one by one.“There is my grandmother’s house,”I say,　（2）　across the bay to a shabby old house.I am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage(朝圣)with Lise,my granddaughter,seeking rootsfor her,retracing(追溯)　（3）　memory for me.Lise was one of the mobile children,　（4）　from house to house in childhood.She longs for a sense of　（5）　,and sowe have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors　（6）　for 200 years.We soon　（7）　by the house and I tell her what it was like here,the memories　（8）　back,swift as the tide(潮水).Suddenly,I long to walk again in the　（9）　where I was once so gloriously a child.It still　（10）　a member of the family,but has not been lived in for a while.We cannot go into the house,but I can still walk　（11）　the rooms in memory.Here,my mother　（12）　in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary.I can still see the enthusiastic family　（13）　into and out of the house.I could never have enough of being　（14）　them.However,that was long after those childhood days.Lise　（15）　attentively as I talk and then says,“So this is where I　（16）　;where I belong.”She has　（17）　her roots. To know where I come from is one of the great longings of the human　（18）　. To be rooted is“to have an origin”.We need　（19）　origin.Looking backward,we discover what is unique in us;learn the　（20）　of “I”.We must all go home again—in reality or memory.（1）A.appearingB.moving C.exposingD.expanding（2）A.referring B.travelling C.pointing ing（3）A.sharedB.shortC.freshD.treasured（4）A.passedB.raisedC.movedD.sent（5）A.homeB.dutyC.realityD.relief（6）A.builtB.livedC.remainedD.explored（7）A.catch upB.pull up C.step e down（8）A.fallingB.turningC.rushingD.bringing（9）A.yardB.villageC.roomD.house（10）A.adapts toB.appeals to C.belongs toD.occurs to（11）A.acrossB.throughC.alongD.past（12）yB.playedC.stoodD.sat（13）A.marchingB.lookingC.breakingD.pouring（14）A.betweenB.withC.nearD.behind（15）A.wondersB.listensC.reactsD.agrees（16）A.beganB.grewC.studiedD.stayed（17）A.deepenedB.recognized C.accepted D.found（18）A.heartB.rightsC.interestD.behaviors（19）A.oneB.itsC.thatD.every（20）A.meaningB.expression C.connectionD.background4.阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020年高考英语完型填空+阅读理解冲刺训练（限时：60分钟完成）【名师精选试题，值得下载练习】完形填空36with natural beauty. It’s breathtaking to Autumn is a colorful season. It’ｓsee the reds, oranges and yellows 37along highways, across mountain ranges,and in backyards. The air is fresh. The sun is brilliant. Many people go on 38outings—not necessarily to swim, 39just to be by the ocean in that cool, bright40.Autumn is also a transition season, a 41to the quiet of winter. It is a timeof 42, as leaves fall to the ground and 43to the earth.This week, we’re celebrating Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. Every yearthis 44offers us an opportunity to look back on the past and to 45our life inthe direction we believe it should go. And every year, we 46the festival inautumn. Rosh Hashanah also feels to me like a powerful47that now is the time tomake a fresh48just as the vibrancy of the year is winding down and to set apositive goal for the days, weeks and months49. For me, it feels profound, andalmost courageous, to face the cold winter with fresh50and energy. The more51we are rooted in what matters during the autumn, the more we have to draw onwhen52winds blow.That’s a lesson53us every day of the year, isn’t it? Today is the day to54tomorrow’s happiness, tomorrow’s kindness, tomorrow’s health and tomorrow’cold and windy outside, or warm and bright, we have thefriendship. Whether it’spower to 55the most of each day, to start fresh and to reorganize our life in the directions we believe we should go.36.A. rich B. popular C. familiar D. satisfied37.A. turn out B. go back C. come out D. fade away38.A. mountain B. beach C. desert D. forest39.A. and B. until C. when D. but40.A. light B. water C. color D. wind41.A. bridge B. barrier C. boundary D. breakthrough42.A. meetings B. endings C. harvests D. memories43.A. add B. belong C. adapt D. return44.A. activity B. circumstance C. festival D. experience45.A. recognize B. review C. reorganize D. repeat46.A. establish B. observe C. foresee D. honor47.A. warning B. guarantee C. statement D. reminder48.A. start B. stop C. change D. move49.A. alone B. ahead C. around D. abroad50.A. guidance B. purpose C. decision D. imagination51.A. skillfully B. secretly C. deeply D. vividly52.A. soft B. bitter C. fresh D. seasonal53.A. inspiring B. surprising C. confusing D. improving54.A. look for B. allow for C. wait for D. prepare for55.A. pass B. take C. spend D. make阅读理解AFor many parents, the most confusing part about choosing pre-schools is trying to make sense o f terms such as “Montessori Method”, “Waldorf Approach”. What do these terms mean and how can these terms help you choose a preschool?Oftentimes, the key difference between settings is connected to the preschool’sWhile educational philosophies are numerous and their “educational philosophy”.definitions are not set in stone, we have provided you with definitions for some of the most popular philosophies.The Montessori MethodFocuses on maintaining the individuality of each child in the learning process. This method believes each child learns at their own pace and educational progress should not be rendered based on comparing students to one another.The Reggio Emilia ApproachThis approach focuses on providing opportunities for problem solving through creative thinking and exploration.The Waldorf ApproachThis approach places an emphasis on imagination in learning, providing students with opportunities to explore their world through the senses, participation and analytical thought.The Bank Street ApproachThis approach places an emphasis on learning through multiple perspectives, both in the classroom setting and in the natural world.The High/ Scope ApproachThis approach focuses on letting children be in charge of their own learning.Children are taught to make a plan for what they would like to do each day and participate in a review session to discuss the success o f their plan and brainstormideas for the next day.Outside of the formal educational philosophy, knowing the difference betweenother common early childhood terms will help you make informed decisions regarding your child’s education.1. If a pre-school stresses each child’s learning progress, it may employ ___________.A. The Reggio Emilia ApproachB. The Montessori MethodC. The Bank Street ApproachD. The Waldorf Approach2. According to the passage, which of the following is True ?A. The Scope Approach is to let children learn all by themselves.B. The definitions of educational philosophy remain the same.C. To some extent, educational philosophies determine the differences between preschools.D. The most confusing part about choosing pre-school is to choose educational philosophy.BDeep among the streams and kauri trees of rural south Auckland, New Zealand'snewest and most alternative school is in session. The weather is fine so a bout of (一次) fishing is in order, followed by lunch cooked on an open fire. Homework and classes? Indefinitely dismissed.“We are called a school but we look nothing like any school out there，” saysJoey Moncarz, cofounder and head teacher at Deep Green Bush School. “We don't do things like telling kids it is time to write or learn math. When they are interested indoing it, they do it.”Moncarz is an exmainstream teacher. After five disappointing years inmainstream schools in New Zealand he quit to found Deep Green Bush School, whichhas a roll of eight, and no classroom walls, time out chairs (罚坐椅) or tests.Concerned that mainstream schools were not preparing children for the globalproblems of the future —　such as climate change —　Moncarz imagined a totallydifferent kind of education, rooted in the primal skills of hunting, gathering andsurvival. If the weather allows, pupils spend the majority of their day outdoors,exploring the New Zealand bush, learning to fish and hunt, trapping possums andlearning about the plants and animals of their home. The more traditional school skills,such as reading, writing and arithmetic, are acquired at their own pace, after theybegin showing an interest in them.“We don't have what you'd traditionally consider problem kids，” says Moncarz.“Our parents saw their kids were unhappy and stressed in mainstream education andthey started questioning: Is it normal or right for kids to come home stressed a ndunhappy? Having taught in a mainstream school, I'd say most kids are stressed andunhappy.”Bush School is registered with the Ministry of Education as an independentschool, and therefore does not have to abide_by the standard New Zealand curriculum,although it is subject to ministerial regulation.Inspired by the Sudbury Valley School in the US, which in turn was inspired byA. S. Neill's Summerhill School in the UK, since launching in January Moncarz hasbeen fielding requests from around New Zealand and abroad to open chapters of BushSchool in places as far a field as China and Europe.Moncarz insists that the school isn't an “experiment” in education, and is basedon two million years of evidence of how parents have raised their kids, at one with，”　nature. “We don't want to be one of a kind. We want to replace mainstream schools said Moncarz.3．What can the students do in Deep Green Bush School?A．Learn more practical living skills.B．Attend more diverse athletic contests.C．Study traditional courses more effectively.D．Join in environmental protection more actively.4．Why did Moncarz set up Deep Green Bush School?A．To help problem kids.B．To reduce parents' burden.C．To reform the traditional school system.D．To conduct an educational experiment.5．What does the underlined part “abide by” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A．Obey. B．Assess.C．Monitor. D．Replace.6．What is the education system of Deep Green Bush School like?A．Unpractical and rigid.B．Unsatisfactory but strict.C．Unremarkable but fruitful.D．Unconventional and popular.。

2020届上海五三中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASan Francisco Bay Area is a great place if you're a sports fan as you'll find several events all year round and plenty of team pride. If you are anywhere close to the area during a game,these fantastic sports events are here for you.San Francisco Giants BaseballThe San Francisco Giants baseball team plays in SF at Oracle Park. This is a fun ballpark because it's always packed with great energy and offers views of the bay. It's one of the most popular San Francisco sports events. The Giants are part of the National League West Division. Since their arrival here in 1958,they have been World Series Champions three times.Golden State Warriors BasketballThe fan base of the Golden State Warriors distributes the whole San Francisco Bay Area as this region's only NBA team.Their regular season runs from late October through mid-April, and all home games are played at the Chase Center in San Francisco.In total, the Warriors has won six NBA championships.San Francisco 49ers FootballThe 49ers are San Francisco's NFL team, though they have recently moved to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, about an hour south of SF. The football team was named for the prospectors (探矿者) who arrived in the area in 1849 for the Gold Rush. They’ve won 5 Super Bowl championships, all between 1981 and 1994.San Jose Sharks HockeyThe San Jose Sharks represent the Bay Area in hockey (冰球).They were founded in 1991 as the only Bay Area team to compete in the NHL. Sharks fans love going to these San Francisco sports events at the SAP Center,which they call the Shark Tank,located about an hour southeast of SF.1.Where can a sports fan have a good view of the area?A.The Oracle Park.B.The Chase Center.C.Levi's Stadium.D.The SAP Center2.Which team has claimed the most titles according to the text?A.The Giants.B.The Golden State Warriors.C.The 49ers.D.The San Jose Sharks.3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A book review.B.A news report.C.A science fiction.D.A tourist magazine.BI don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.4. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.5. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman6. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.7. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.CYour best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out - your shadow - doesn’t serve an important function like your heart or brain, but what if you could use shadows to create electricity? When using solar panels (电池板) that are powered by light, shadows can be boring because it means electricity can’t be created. However, researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadows present everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect energy from shadows. It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon (硅). Like in a normal solar panel, when put in light, the silicon electrons (电子) become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold. The voltage (电压) of the part of the machine that is placed in the light increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage. They are sent through an external circuit (外电路) creating a current that can be used to power another machine. The greater the contrast between light and dark, more energy is provided by the machine.The team isworking on improving the performance of the machine, borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light. Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use ofshadows, as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from indoor lighting. The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine, meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from them by placing the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work, or indoors. “A lot of people think that shadows are useless,” Tan says, but “anything can be useful, even shadows.”8. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. Your best friend always stays with you after the sunrise.B. The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C. Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D. Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.9. What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A. The silicon produces electricity when it is in the light.B. The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C. The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D. An external circuit creates current using another machine.10. How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A. Using solar panels in the machine.B. Increasing the amount of light received.C. Developing light energy collecting panels.D. Bringing down the price of gold.11. Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A. A gym.B. A park.C. A farm.D. A playground.DI come to theUnited Statesten year ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn’tunderstand them because I didn’t speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That’s the way I foundChaffeyCollege. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.That’s how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had to write a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why . She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to College. I will never forget this.12. According to the passage, the author probably is a .A. teacherB. doctorC. fatherD. mother13. What made the author make up her mind to study English?A. What her son said.B. What her daughter said.C. Thinking about herself.D. Thinking about her daughter.14. How did they findChaffeyCollege?A. On the way to the movies.B. They took a new route and got lost.C. Ask a stranger for information.D. According to the banner.15. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The author came to theUnited Statesfrom another country.B. The author had two children at least including one daughter.C. What really changed the author’s life was she believed in herself.D. The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年高考英语完形填空专题复习(名师精选试卷+详细解析答案，值得下载)技巧一:根据语境中要表达的句义填空1．Charlie looked at himself in the mirror. He found his ________ was red．He washed it with some cold water. He didn’t leave the bar until he felt a little better.2．I apologize for using your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to send to send her to the ________ as soon as possible.技巧二:根据固定词组或习惯搭配填空3．But many students don’t use the Internet ________ a good way.4．Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed ________ on the age of the person and the conditions in which sleep takes place.技巧三:根据语法知识填空5．But the youngest billionaire is Albert V on Thurnund ________ inherited(继承) a million dollars when he turned 18 in 2001!6．One day, he came up with an idea ________ he would pluck up the courage to leave home. He did so he next day.技巧四:根据上下句的逻辑关系填词7．She thought it was bad for his health to drink much, _______ she tried her best to stop him from doing it.8．Why is setting goals so important? ________ goals can help you experience everything you want in life.技巧五:根据词形和词形的变化填空9．The children not only receive nothing for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are ________ to do any other kind of work.10．So the next morning, the donkey lay in the stable on its side with his eyes ________.四、针对性训练（1）（2017安徽省歙县中学高三压轴英语测试卷）Recently, a professor of philosophy(哲学) in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has 1．_____ that how we deal with money in our day to day life has more meaning than we usually 2．_____. One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a 3_____ of every penny they spend for a week. From the 4．_____ they spend their money, they can see what they really 5．_____ in life.The professor says our 6．_____ with others often becomes clearly defined(明确) when money enters the picture. You 7．_____ have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some 8．_____. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems 9．_____ than ever before. 10．_____ it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t.Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are 11．_____ to be very important. The professor 12．_____ some rich people in researching his book.Question: What is the most 13．_____ thing you have discovered about being rich?Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much 14．_____. I am nothing. I don’t know much. All I am is rich.People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it 15．_____? How much money do I need for any given 16．_____ in my life? In his book, the professor uncovered an important 17．_____ in modern society: to bring back the idea that the money is an instrument 18．_____ than the end．Money plays an important 19．_____ in the material world, but 20．_____ money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.1．A．pointed B．studied C．discovered D．noticed2．A．imagine B．think C．recognize D．plan3．A．secret B．diary C．promise D．record4．A．way B．method C．opinion D．attitude5．A．mean B．value C．get D．make6．A．work B．friendship C．relation D．union7．A．should B．must C．had to D．might8．A．cars B．books C．rooms D．money9．A．stronger B．weaker C．worse D．looser10．A．But B．Otherwise C．And D．Then11．A．rich B．poor C．helpful D．ordinary12．A．saw B．interviewed C．questioned D．knew13．A．puzzling B．disappointing C．surprising D．interesting14．A．worry B．doubt C．hate D．respect15．A．about B．against C．for D．at16．A．achievement B．result C．purpose D．success17．A．need B．discovery C．lack D．event18．A．better B．rather C．more D．less19．A．action B．performance C．role D．trick20．A．demanding B．hoping C．getting D. expecting（2）（2017黑龙江、吉林省两省六校高三上学期期中联考英语试题）I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper(脾气) has 1．_____ me with plenty of opportunities(机会) to make them. In one of my earliest 2．_____, my mother is telling me, “Don′t watch the 3．_____ when you say, ‘I’m sorry. Hold your head up and look the person in the 4．_____, so hell know you 5．_____ it.My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 6．_____ apology: it must be direct. You must never 7．_____ to be doing something else. You do not 8．_____ a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 9．_____ in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 10．_____. You do not apologize to a hostess(女主人), whose guest of honor you treat 11．_____, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 12．_____.One of the important things you should do for an 13．_____ apology is readiness to 14．_____ the responsibility(责任) for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 15．_____ for the other person to 16．_____ us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 17．_____ about themselves. That, after all, is the 18．_____ of every apology. It 19．_____ little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one′s 20．_____ encourages others to take their share of the blame.1．A．provided B．mixed C．compared D．treated 2．A．dreams B．courses C．memories D．ideas 3．A．side B．ground C．wall D．bottom 4．A．mind B．soul C．face D．eye 5．A．imagine B．enjoy C．mean D．regret 6．A．useful B．successful C．equal D．basic 7．A．pretend B．forget C．refuse D．expect 8．A．hold on B．put away C．look through D．pickup 9．A．poorer B．weaker C．worse D．lower 10．A．fault B．reason C．result D．duty 11．A．cruelly B．freely C．roughly D．foolishly 12．A．manners B．excuses C．efforts D．roles 13．A．active B．effective C．extra D．easy 14．A．raise B．perform C．admit D．bear 15．A．situation B．need C．sign D．room 16．A．advise B．forgive C．warn D．blame 17．A．wiser B．warmer C．better D．cleverer 18．A．purpose B．method C．end D．advantage 19．A．cares B．matters C．depends D．remains 20．A．facts B．states C．rights D．actions高考英语专题练习议论文热点+题型全突破答案1．face 2．hospital. 3．In 4．depend/ rely 5．Who 6．that 7．So 8．because 9．unable 10．Closed （1）1~5．CBDAB 6~10．CDDAB 11~15．ABCDC 16~20．CABCD （2）1~5．ACBDC 6~10．BACDA 11~15．CABDD 16~20．BCABD2017届高考英语专题练习议论文热点+题型全突破解析1．解析:例句1中,作者已给出了照镜子,用冷水冲洗等信息可知:Charlie喝酒后脸变红了,故应填face;2．例句2中所要表达的意思是妻子要生孩子,所以要尽快送她去医院,故应填hospital.3．【解析】表示“用…的方法”,我们常用in a…way,故要填in.4．【解析】填depend或rely,与on连用时是一个固定短语,表示“依赖”,“依靠”.5．6．【解析】后半个句子也是修饰前面的名词an idea,但它对an idea的内容加以说明而且句子完整,所以它应是一个同位语从句,故用that引导.7．8．【解析】句子是以why引导的一个问句开头,后面可用because进行回答.9．【解析】根据句意和固定搭配可知应填not able,这样就超过了词数的要求,而由构词法可知,在able前面加un-也行,故填unable.10．【解析】略（1）.6．relation（关系）是中性词,合乎这里的情境.7．might表示“也许”,在几个词中语气最弱,符合下一句所揭示的语境.8．由下文可知,这里指“借钱”.9．愿意借钱了,关系自然比以前更牢固.从下一句的weaken一词中也能得到启示.10．otherwise意为“否则”或“反过来”,它表示对立关系,而but表示“转折”关系,即不一定是相反的关系.该句表示借钱怎么样,不借钱怎么样,故用otherwise更为合适.11,由“钱很重要”推断出“有钱人也很重要”,合乎逻辑.另下一句中也提到了rich people.12,interview表示“拜访、采访”;question表示提问,用在警察对普通人,老师对学生等场合较多.为了写书而对他人进行访谈,似乎用interview更好些.13．下一句重现了该词.14．由后面三句话不难推知,此处应为一个表示积极意义的态度.15．What for表示原因,下文解释了这方面的原因.16．Given purpose意思为设定好的目标,此句意为“要多少钱来实现一生中的那些目标呢”.17．冒号后就是“需求”的具体内容.18．Rather than意为“而不是”,the end表示“目的”.19．根据意义和搭配选定.20．根据意义和搭配可以排除另三项.（2）【解析】5．mean it意为“这样对方就会明白你有道歉的意思”.it在这里指道歉的行为.6．冒号后的内容即为“成功的”道歉的一些基本特征.7．根据常识选定.8．其他三个选项不合语境.9．职位一般论的是高、低.10．与前面的mistake同义.turn out意为“后来证明是”.11．roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌,服务不到位.从前面的要不要道歉的讨论可以猜出这一答案. 12．bad manners意为不礼貌的行为,从treat roughly这一信息不难推测出这一答案.13．effective与successful有异曲同工之妙.14．bear the responsibility（承担责任）,系习惯搭配.15．leave no room不留余地.16．经常找借口,那么也就会不留余地地给别人来“原谅”自己.17．better表示“心情更舒畅”.未找借口的道歉,即真诚的道歉,对方的感觉一定很好.18．道歉的最终“目的”是化干戈为玉帛,大家和好如初,所以用purpose. end表示“目的”时用复数较多, 而且不及purpose直接.。