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高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、名词中英文都有名词，英文名词与中文的主要区别是单数、复数变化。
（一）复数变化英语名词在表示复数时，需要变化。
怎么记呢？第一，先记主要变化，末尾加s。
比如books。
第二，记住哪些加es？1、以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加es。
比如boxes, bushes.为什么？因为加s从读音上无法区分。
不能是buss，而是buses [iz]。
注意：绝大多数特殊变换，都是为了读音方便，以后你会见到这条规律反复出现。
2、y结尾改为ies，比如babies，families。
为什么？因为y是半元音，有时发元音、有时发辅音，不改变形式容易造成读音错误。
（但为什么boys，monkeys又是直接加s呢？因为y前面是元音）3、f结尾改为ves，比如lives，knives。
4、o结尾的单词，一般有生命的加es。
比如heroes，potatoes，buffaloes。
其他直接加s，比如photos，pianos。
第三，不规则变形。
1、fish，sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese单复数同形。
2、oo复数变ee。
比如foot-feet，tooth-teeth，goose-geese。
3、man复数变men，比如women，policemen。
4、很不规则的变形：mouse－mice; ox－oxen；child－children。
第四，只有复数。
clothes，trousers，glasses等，只有复数，没有单数。
怎么表示一副眼镜？很简单，一副+眼镜，a pair of glasses。
people、police、cattle等，本身只有复数，表示整体。
当people表示民族、部落时，可以有复数形式，即peoples。
为什么要区分单数复数？英语名词的单复数，决定了后面动词的形态，比如是is还是are，是has还是have。
我们后面讲到“主谓一致”时再详细讲解。
（二）不可数名词单数和复数是针对可数名词。
高考英语词法之名词历年考试复习重点单选题1、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased ________ of and support for teaching among the public and nation. A．realizationB．professionC．recognitionD．acquisition2、The company presented him with a gold watch in ________ of his 20 years of good service. A．achievementB．appreciationC．attentionD．agreement3、The cloth has a ________ of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful. A．paintingB．patternC．sampleD．model4、The English teacher asked the students to give a _______ of the text. A．balletB．seniorC．generationD．summary5、A butterfly is a flying ________ with a long thin body and four large, usually brightly coloured, wings. A．dolphinB．dinosaurC．posterD．insect6、Jerry has been preparing carefully for the coming English test so that he can be sure of passing it at his first________.A．rescueB．attemptC．purposeD．request7、Jenny said that she had never thought in her life that she would ever sing .But now , singing in the choir provides ________ from what she cal ls the “ gray days” .A．realityB．reliefC．missionD．fault8、Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of ________. A．brotherhoodB．brotherC．brothersD．brotherly9、While most of us are only too ready to ________ others the cold wind of ________, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A．respond to...conflictB．apply to ...criticismC．react to...threatD．reply to...superiority10、The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant ________. A．constitutionB．affectionC．conservationD．production11、He made a quick ________ to the new surroundings. In other words, he was more ________. A．adoption, adaptiveB．adaptation, adaptiveC．adapt, adaptableD．adaptation, adaptable12、You didn’t do anything wrong—you should have a clear ________. A．costumeB．corporationC．contestD．conscience13、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream (主流) over the next ________. A．entranceB．decadeC．committeeD．feedback14、In a small wooded valley ________ two towns, both set in beautiful ________.A．lies; surroundingB．lie; surroundingsC．lay; surroundingD．did lie; surroundings15、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high－yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to China’s food ________.A．lackB．cuisineC．securityD．purchase16、I’m pleased that we do have the________ to produce so much food. A．frictionB．clueC．capacityD．physician17、Jay Leno, the host of the “Tonight” show, once said that every new challenge put all the resources of the host tothe test, and most solutions belonged to the ________.A．accidentB．customC．eventD．occasion18、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the ______ it can bring to the development of children’s brains.A．systemsB．prioritiesC．barriersD．benefits19、My brother is a policeman.划线成分是________A．主语B．谓语C．宾语D．表语20、The police ordered him not to leave the city without ________. A．atmosphereB．baconC．curiosityD．permission21、Though David received the________ from the school basketball team, he didn’t give up his dream and continued practicing hard.A．interactionB．companionshipC．cooperationD．rejection22、To the great _____ of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmed cases. A．relaxationB．disappointmentC．reliefD．surprise23、There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some________ and then let me know. A．thoughtB．strengthsC．protectionD．authority24、Professor Wang offered two graduate courses last _______. A．flashB．teenagerC．semesterD．focus25、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final ________ of the game, because it is essential for them to go into the next round.A．outcomeB．outlineC．comebackD．cooperation26、Tom’s parents’ behavior, as well as their words ________ a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A．haveB．have hadC．has hadD．has27、We’ve had a few _________, but we’re still good friends. A．disagreeB．disagreesC．disagreementD．disagreements28、The lockdown hobbled India's economy and its GDP recorded the sharpest ________ in its history. A．motionB．dissatisfactionC．conservationD．contraction29、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our ________for him. A．attentionB．respectC．struggleD．request30、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________. A．referred to, actionsB．referred, measureC．referred, actionD．referred to, measures31、Because of the tight________ and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunch break to finish homework.A．scheduleB．pressureC．performanceD．impression32、Norris twice knocked down his ________ in the early rounds of the fight. A．opponentB．asteroidC．nephewD．triathlete33、The winner will receive ________ of books.A．a ten pound worthB．ten pound worthyC．ten pounds' worthD．ten pounds' worthy34、The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of ________ and experience. A．conceptB．crewC．competenceD．cruelty35、As a soldier, he showed selfless________ to duty. A．devotionB．conservationC．assumptionD．comparison36、The university will reach its_________ of 5,000 students next September. A．accountB．benefitC．targetD．process37、The________ gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning. A．departureB．insightC．proofD．setting38、There are ________ people in the cinema.A．two hundredB．two hundredsC．two hundred of39、The government has taken some ________ to solve the problem. A．measuresB．atomsC．novelsD．peppers40、Despite years of ________ from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer. A．enduranceB．rejectionC．blessingD．companionship41、This new variety of music is a ________ ________ around the world.A．phenomenon; spreadsB．phenomena; spreadingC．phenomenon; spreadingD．phenomena; spread42、Laziness is the ________ of his failure.A．reasonB．causeC．excuseD．way43、Procrastination can often pose________to people’s ability________their goals successfully, which is evident, for example, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.A．a question … of pursuingB．an obstacl e … to pursueC．a dilemma … to pursueD．a hindrance … to pursuing44、Although three teams adopted different ______ to the problem, they all succeeded. A．methodsB．waysC．approachesD．means45、We've made our plans, and now we must put them into ________ . A．factB．practiceC．realityD．deed高考英语词法之名词_01E参考答案1、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。
非谓语动词专项复习训练一、单项选择1. Sitting at the corner of the meeting room, he looked sad because there were so many problems ________.A．remaining to settle B．remained settlingC．remaining to be settled D．remained to be settled2. By the age of two, Heidi could count to 40, draw pictures of people, and read books ________ for seven-year-olds.A．meaning B．meant C．being meant D．to mean3. With a great weight ________ off her mind, she passed all the tests successfully. A．taking B．to take C．taken D．being taken4. ______ clearly ______ nothing to do, the soldiers left the village the next day. A．It; was B．It; being C．There; was D．There; being5. The weather in Xuzhou is rather cold in winter, especially ________ that in my hometown.A．having compared to B．comparing toC．compare to D．compared to6. We had no one ________ us, for we could deal with the case all by ourselves. A．help B．to help C．helped D．helps7. ________ to a top high school, as many parents believe, will guarantee their children a good university.A．Admitted B．AdmittingC．Being admitted D．Having been admitted8. —Amy, please tell the people seated and ________ for their turns to come to myoffice five minutes later.—Yes, sir.A．wait B．waiting C．waited D．to wait9. ________ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted.A．Making B．Having made C．Made D．To make10. —Do you think you could get this package ________ for me, please?—No problem!A．to mail B．mailed C．mailing D．mail11. ________ enough money, Li Hua was unable to buy the new house.A．Not saved B．Not having savedC．Not to save D．Not saving12．Misunderstandings ____ from lack of social communication, unless _____ properly, may lead to serious problems.A．arisen; handling B．arising; handledC．rising; handled D．risen; handling13．If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades ________，water shortage will become a hot issue all over the world.A．coming B．having come C．to come D．to be coming14．________ the English speech competition will be a lot of work, so I need some volunteers to help out.A．Organize B．Organized C．Organizing D．Being organized 15．The new books _____ in the factory these days are mainly intended for children. A．printing B．to print C．being printed D．to be printed二、用括号里所给动词的正确形式填空1. Unfortunately, we rushed the fallen old man to hospital, only ________ (tell) that we were responsible for him.2. ________ (show) around the university, we then were taken to a building, where many scientists worked.3. ________ (attract) more tourists, travel agencies from both China and the DPRK have developed a package of new products.4. When I got back home I saw a note pinned to the door, ________ (read) “Sorry to miss you; I will call you later.”5. Helena was excited, just as I had imagined, ________ (find) her lost pet.6. Despite the government's measures to cool the house market, housing demand in China still grew steadily in the second half of 2012，________ (result)in a rapid rise in house prices.7. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ________ (play) in making the earth a better place to live in.答案与解析：一、1. C 解析：remain在there be结构中作后置定语，由于remain是不及物动词，故应用现在分词remaining；且settle与problems之间构成动宾关系，所以用动词不定式的被动形式。
11．虚拟语气1. If she had worked harder, she______.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should suc ceedD. would have succeeded答：D。
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气：从句用过去完成式(had done)，主句用would (should，might，could)+现在完成式(havedone)的形式。
2. I wish I_________ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see答：C。
wish后接虚拟浯气的从句，若表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语用过去式，若表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语用过去完成式，若表示与将来事实相反的愿望，谓语用would+动词原形．如：I wish I were ten years younger now 我希望我现在年轻十岁。
I wish I would be a scientist. 我希望我将成为一名科学家。
3. If my lawyer__________ here last Saturday, he__________ me from going.A. had been, would have preventedB. had been. would preventC. were, would preventD. were, would have prevented答：A．从时间状语last Saturday可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
4. Without electricity human life___________ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be答：D。
此题考查的足虚拟语气的含蓄条件句，从时间状语today可判断是与现在事实相反的虚极语气。
高考英语语法复习攻略_高中英语语法进入高三，复习成为大家的热门话题。
而高三第一轮复习起着承上启下的作用，因此显得尤为重要。
目前高考英语在重视基础知识的同时，突出考查语言运用能力，形成了以篇章阅读为主体的试题布局。
一、高考英语复习方法之改错本对于改错题，除加强语言基本功训练外，主要通过做改错题提高观察能力、纠错能力，了解改错题的命题规律，如冠词、时态、人称、介词、名词复数、连词等方面的错几乎每年都有，训练改错思维。
高三题多，保存不是件容易的事情，因此，每次做完题后，先把做题的情况进行分析并找出错误的原因，把重点、易错点和新鲜词汇进行归纳、总结，每周检查、复习、巩固，做到温故而知新。
通过这样反复训练，明显降低出错率，培养自信心。
二、高考英语复习方法之夯实基础英语第一轮复习，无论采用什么形式，课本永远是第一位的。
应坚持以教材为主，以课文阅读为主线，逐步消化其中的词汇知识，夯实基础，全面培养、提高其英语听、读、写的能力。
课文提供了大量熟悉的词汇、日常交际用语、语法和句型，有利于巩固所学语言，加深理解基础知识。
利用每单元的语法复习课，将那些互有联系又有区别的语法进行整理、归纳，使之条理化、规律化，进一步理解和运用某些复杂的语法现象，使其在高三复习中进行第二次循环。
这样，从根本上把握了重点内容，为以后的深入复习打下基础。
三、高考英语复习方法之听力训练听力的练习要在掌握相应的听力策略的前提下做到持之以恒。
练习听力的时候要学会抓住关键词语，学会预测，并做到边听边分析综合，听力测试问题的类型一共就这几个类型，概括中心话题，推理判断，对谈话细节等问题要心中有数，对常考的谈话内容如打电话，买东西，看病，用餐，活动安排，表示看法等要做到熟悉而不陌生，听力的提高不是一个早晨就能实现的，它是慢功夫，但是要经常听，肯定会有大的长进。
其次听力训练要掌握相应的听力策略，用什么技能听懂什么。
当听不懂时，要思考自己在哪些地方欠缺知识而不能听懂。
高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、介词介词，顾名思义，是中介，是介绍其他实词，所以介词是虚词，不能独立存在。
介词的英文是preposition，pre(在...之前)position(位置)，所以介词就是前面位置的词，前置词。
介词的本质就是关系，是词和词之间的关系。
介词占据常用英文单词的40%以上。
搞懂了介词，就学会了一半的英语。
（一）规律学习介词，你不要陷入汪洋大海之中，要先抓住基本规律。
第一条规律：中文也有介词，怎么理解中文，就怎么理解英文。
比如，表示时间，在7点前吃，在7点时吃，在7点后吃；表示位置，在桌上吃，在屋里吃，在路边吃。
第二条规律：从一个介词的基本意思出发，延伸理解其他意思。
每个介词有很多意思，对我们来说看似风马牛不相及，但如果从它的本意出发，就会发现相关性很大。
下面我们要介绍一些常用介词，你要先理解它的本意。
（二）表示方位表示位置是绝大多数介词的本意，因为介词的英文就是preposition。
1、in，on，atin - 在...里面。
in the box在盒子里由于是在里面，所以一般表示在一个大的地方里，比如in China；in the cityon - 在...上面。
on the box在盒子上由于是在上面，所以也有接壤、毗邻的意思，比如Russia is on the north of China. 俄罗斯在中国的北边。
at - 在...，表示在一个点。
at the end在结尾由于是在一个点，所以一般表示在具体的位置，比如at home；at the airport根据这几个词的本意，我们可以理解很多细微差别：in表示里面，所以是包裹其中，bird in the tree；on表示接触，所以是长在树上，apple on the tree。
in表示里面，所以是in the car在小车里；on表示上面，所以是on the bus在大巴车上。
有的人说：如果可以站立，就用on，比如on the train，on the plane。
重点专题构词法归纳1．派生法（1）前缀①表示否定意义的前缀：a. 纯否定前缀：un-: unable, unemployment（失业）, unload（卸载）, uncover（揭开）, unhappy, untrue, unlike （不像）, unrest（不安的，动荡的）, unfair, unknown, unhealthy, unusual, uncertain, unclear（不清楚的）, unequal, unlucky, unreal, unkind, uncomfortable, uneasy（心情不安的）, uninteresting, unimportant, unnecessary, unpleasant, undivided, unreserved（无保留的）dis-: dislike（不喜欢）, disarm, disconnect, disagree, disappear, disadvantage, dishonest, disability, discover（发现）, disobeyin-, im-, il-, ir-: incapable, inability, incomplete, incorrect, inconvenient, inexpensive, impossible, immoral（不道德的）, illegal（非法的）, illogical（不合乎逻辑的）, irregular, irrelative non-: non-smoker, non-stop, non-violent（非暴力的）, nonwhite, non-member, nonparty（无党派）, nonsense（无意义）b. 表示错误的意义：mis-: mistake, mislead（误导）, misunderstanding, misuse, mis-spell, mistrust, mistreatc. 表示“反、防、抗”的意义：anti-: antiknock（防震）, antiforeign（排外的）, anti-war, antitank（反战车的）, anti-pollution②表示空间位置、方向关系的前缀：a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……”：aboard, asidede- 表示“在下，向下”：decrease（下降）, degradeen- 表示“在内，进入”：encage（入笼）, enbed（上床）ex- 表示“外部，外”：exit, expand（扩张）, exportfore- 表示“在前面”：forehead, foreground, foreleg, forefootin-, im- 表示“向内，在内，背于”：inland, inside, indoor(s), importinter- 表示“在……间，相互”：international, interaction, internet, interviewmid- 表示“中，中间”：midpositionout- 表示“在外部，在外”：outline, outside, outward(s), outdoor(s)over- 表示“在上面，在外部，向上”：overlook, overhead, overboard, overcoat, overdress, oversea(s)(海外)post- 表示“向后，在后边，次”：postscript（附言）pre- 表示“在前，在前面，提前”：prefix（前缀）, preface（前言）, preposition（介词）super- 表示“在…..之上，超级”：superstructure, supernatural, superpower, superman trans- 表示“移上，转上，在那一边”：translate, transform（转移）, transplant（移植）, transportation（交通）under- 表示“在…..下面，下的”：underline, underground, underwater, undershirtup- 表示“向上，向上面，在上”：upward(s), uphold, uphill（上坡）auto- 表示“自己，独立，自动”：automobile（自动车）, autobiography（自传）tele- 表示“远离”：television, telephone , telegram（电报）, telegraph（电报，抽象名词）, telescope（望远镜）③表示时间，序列关系的前缀：fore- 表示“在前面，先前，前面”：foreword（前言）, forecast（预报）, foretell（预言）, foresee（预见）, foreknow（先知）, foreknowledge（先知）mid- 表示“中，中间”：midnight, midsummer, mid-day, mid-autumnpost- 表示“在后，后”：postwar, postgraduate（研究生）, postdatepre- 表示“在前，事先，预先”：preheat, prewar, prehistory（史前）, preview（预习）, prebattle, prepayre- 表示“再一次，重新”：retell（复述）, rewrite, renew（续借）, reconsider, reuse, remarry, recycle（回收利用）, rebuild④表示比较程度差别关系的前缀：by- 表示“副，次要的”：byproduct（副产品）, bywork（副业）extra- 表示“超越，额外”：extraordinaryover- 表示“超过，过度，太”：overeat（吃过多）, oversleep（睡过头）, overpraise（过奖）, overwork, overact（行为过分）, overdounder- 表示“低劣，低下”：undersize, undergrown, underproduction（生产不足）vice- 表示“副，次”：vice-president, vice -chairman⑤表示共同，相等意思的前缀：co- 表示“共同，一起”：coexist（共同生存）, co-operate, co-worker, coactions（合作行动）, coauthor（合作作者）⑥表示某种状态，构成形容词、副词或动词：a- afraid, alive, alone, asleep, ashamed, aloud, ahead, aside, alike, awake⑦表示分离，离开意思的前缀：a- 表示“分离，离开”：away, apartde- 表示“离去，处去”：depart, decolour⑧表示“自我”：self- self-protect(ion), self-made, self-knowledge⑨表示变换词类作用的前缀：be- befrienden- enslave, enable, enrich, enlarge, encourage⑩表示数量关系的前缀：a. 表示“单一”，“一”：uni- uniform（统一服装）, unicellular（单细胞）b. 表示“二，两，双”：bi- bicycletwi- twilightc. 表示“半，一半”：semi- semiconductor（半导体）, semicircle（半圆）, semimonthly（半月刊）, semifinal （半决赛）d. 表示“百，百分之一”：centi- centimetere. 表示“千，千分之一”：kilo- kilometer, kilogram, kilowattf. 表示“微小”：micro- microvolt（微伏特）, microcomputer（微机）, microscope（显微镜）g. 表示“许多，复，多数”：multi- multimedia（多媒体）, multicolored, multiform, multinaturalh. 表示“千分之一、毫”：milli- millimeter, milligrami. 表示“微小、微型”：mini- minibus, miniskirt, minipark（2）后缀①名词后缀：a. 具有某种职业或动作的人：-an, -ian, -ician 表示“……地方的人，精通……的人”：American, Asian, Australian, Russian, Italian , historian, librarian, electrician, magician（魔术师）, technician, musician, politician（政客）, physician（内科医生），-ant,-ent 表示“……人”：merchant, servant, assistant, agent, student,-ee 表示“动作承受者”：employee（雇员）, examinee, payee（收款人）, interviewee -eer 表示“从事于……人”：engineer, volunteer（志愿者）-er 表示“从事某种职业的人, 某地区，地方的人”：banker, observer, Londoner, villager singer, driver, writer, speaker, traveller, buyer-or 表示“……者”：author, doctor, operator, actor, visitor, inventor, educator-ar, -ary 表示“……的人, 从事……的人”：scholar, liar, beggar, secretary, missionary -ese 表示“……国人，……地方的人”：Chinese, Japanese, Cantonese（广东人）-ess 表示“阴性人称名词”：actress（女演员）, hostess（女主人）, manageress（女经理）-ist 表示“从事……研究者，信仰……主义者”：pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist, socialist, typist, receptionist-icist 表示“……家，……者, ……能手”：physicist, phoneticist（语音学家）, technicist -logist 表示“……学家，研究者”：biologist, geologist（地质学家）b. 构成具有抽象名词的含义：-age 表示“状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称”：courage, storage, marriage, percentage -al 表示“事物的动作，过程”：refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval, trial, burial-ance, -ence 表示“性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”：importance, distance, avoidance, appearance, performance, diligence, difference, obedience, absence, presence（出席）, existence -ancy, -ency 表示“性质，状态，行为，过程”：frequency（频繁）, urgency（紧急）, efficiency （高效率）,-ity 表示“性质，状态，程度”：purity, reality, equality-bility 表示“动作，性质，状态”：ability, possibility, probability, responsibility-dom 表示“等级，领域，状态”：freedom, kingdom, wisdom-ery, -ry 表示“行为，状态，习性，性质”：bravery, slavery-hood 表示“资格，身份, 年纪，状态”：childhood, girlhood, boyhood, manhood-ice 表示“行为，性质，状态”：notice, justice, service-ing 表示“动作的过程，结果”：building, writing, learning-ion, -ation, -ition, -sion 表示“行为的过程，结果，状况”：suggestion, action, solution, invention, direction, correction, collection, instruction, destruction, introduction, congratulation, dictation, invitation, pronunciation, examination, graduation, operation, education, information, translation, starvation, satisfaction, relation, irrigation, determination, preparation, imagination, explanation, opposition, competition, description, decision, division, conclusion, explosion,impression, expression, admission, permission, discussion-ment 表示“行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果”：disappointment, treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument, agreement, government, development, improvement, requirement, astonishment, encouragement-ness 表示“性质，状态，程度”：goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness, business, illness, happiness, goodness, willingness, weakness, fairness-ism 表示“制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为”：socialism, criticism, heroism, tourism, communism（共产主义）, Marxism（马克思主义）-ship 表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”：hardship, relationship, membership, friendship, seamanship, ownership, scholarship, professorship-th, 表示“动作，性质，过程，状态”：strength, length, width, depth, wealth, truth, growth, warmth, youth-ure 表示“行为，结果”：exposure（暴露）, pressure, failure, procedure(手续), mixture -craft 表示“工艺”：aircraft, needlecraft, woodcraftc. 带有场所，地方的含义：-age 表示“住所，地点”：village, cottage-ary 表示“住所，场地”：library, granary (谷仓)-ory 表示“工作场所，住处”：factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory②形容词后缀：a. 带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义：-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, eatable, enjoyable, acceptable, reasonable, applicable, visible, responsible, terrible, horrible-al: natural, additional, educational, national-ant, -ent: distant, important, excellent-ing（表示特征：令人觉得）: moving, touching, daring, interesting, exciting, disappointing , astonishing, boring, amazing-ed（表示情绪：觉得）: pleased, interested, surprised, worried, excited, bored, determined, delighted-ish: foolish, bookish, selfish-ive: active, impressive, decisive, active, instructive, expensive, progressiveb. 表示“相象，类似”的含义：-ish: boyish, childish-like: manlike, childlike-some: troublesome, handsome-y: milky, cloudy sunny, windy, rainy, foggy, healthy, wealthy, worthy, bloody, funny, dirty, lucky, noisy, salty, smelly, hilly-ly: manly, fatherly, motherly, sisterly, brotherly, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly, friendly, lonely, orderly, lovely, lively, likely, scholarlyc. 表示“充分的”含义：-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, successful, harmful, useful, careful, forgetful, merciful-ous: dangerous, courageous, nervous, mountainous, humorous, variousd. 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义：-en: wooden, golden, woolene. 表示方向的含义：-ern: eastern, western, southern, northern, southeastern, northwestern-ward: downward, forwardf. 表示“数量关系”的含义：-teen: thirteen-ty: fifty-th: fourth, fiftiethg. 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义：-an: Roman, European-ese: Chinese, Japanese-ish: English, Spanishh. 表示否定：-less: countless, stainless（不锈的）, wireless, useless, endless, priceless（无价的，贵重的）, hopeless③动词后缀：-ize, ise 表示“做成，变成，……化”：modernize（现代化）, democratize（民主化）, organize, apologize, realize-en 表示“使成为，引起，使有”：quicken, weaken, soften, harden-fy 表示“使……化, 使成”：beautify, purify（净化）, intensify, signify, simplify（简化）, satisfy④副词后缀：-ly: possibly, swiftly, simply-ward(s): downward, inwards, upward-ways: always, sideways-wise: otherwise, clockwise注意：有的单词有双重后缀，如：use（用途）→useless（无用的）→uselessness（无用）self（自己）→selfish（自私的）→selfishness（自私）有的单词则是前后缀同时使用，如：important→importance→unimportanceregular（有规律的，有规则的）→irregular（无规律的，不规则的）→irregularity（无规律，不规则）2．合成法（1）合成名词boyfriend, girlfriend, bus-driver, necklace, playground, radioactive, headmaster, sunshine, notebook, armchair, wheelchair, postcard, football, spaceship, blackboard, firefighter, fireman, gateman, chairman, weatherman, businessman, armyman, postman, sportsman, bedroom, reading-room, classroom, newspaper, pickpocket（扒手）, she-goat（雌性山羊）, editor-in-chief （主编）, daybreak（破晓）, handshake（握手）, silkworm（蚕）, outbreak（爆发）（2）合成形容词名词+动词过去分词：man-made, homemade副词+动词过去分词：well-known, newly-built（新建的）形容词+名词ed：kind-hearted, cold-blooded数词+名词ed：five-storeyed（五层楼的）, four-legged（四条腿的）名词+动词现在分词：English-speaking, Chinese-speaking, brainwashing（洗脑的）由三个词构成的合成形容词：face-to-face, heart-to-heart, two-year-old, eight-metre-long 其他合成形容词：everyday（日常的）, faraway（遥远的）, snow-white（雪白的）, lay-off （下岗的）3．转化法（1）名词→动词hand（手→传递）back（背部，后面→支持，后退）charge（费用→收费）copy（抄本，复印件→抄写，复印）flood（洪水→淹没）heat（热量→加热）paint（油漆→刷漆）phone（电话→打电话）pin（别针→装订）waste（废物→浪费）face（脸→面对）use（用途→使用）interest（兴趣→使兴趣）surprise（惊讶→使惊讶）taste（味道→品尝）smell（气味→闻）break（短暂休息→折断）present（礼物→赠送）（2）形容词→动词clean（干净→使干净，打扫）clear（清楚→清理）dirty（脏→弄脏）dry（干燥→烘干，晒干）empty（空的→倒空）free（自由→使自由，释放）slow（慢的→放慢）warm（暖和→使暖和）cool（凉的→冷却）quiet（安静→使安静）。
