上海牛津8A英语词汇复习(Unit_1-2)

Notes & Grammar of 8A

Notes for Unit 1

1. 英文书信中的“写信人地址、邮编和写信日期”常写在右上角。

Address: 从小地址到大地址换行书写,如：门牌号+街名镇名区名城市名…国名

…Postcode / Postal code / Area code / Zip

code (AmE.): 字母加数字，书写时紧接着城市名下书写。

Writing date:常写在地址下，并空一行。

2. write (a letter) to sb. 给某人写封信receive / get a letter from sb. = hear from sb. 收到某人的来信

Here’s a letter for A (from B). 这里有封给A的信，是由B记过来的。

write back to sb. = write to sb. in reply给某人回信

I have a letter to answer.我有封信要回。answer a letter 回信

3. magazine ---- a large, thin book with pictures, usually published once a week or month (可数n.) 杂志

4. pen-friend ---- someone you write (letters) to, as a hobby= pen pal

5. I would like to be your penfriend.我想做你的笔友。

would like to + 动词原形

6. I will tell you something about myself.

tell sb. sth. about …告诉某人有关于…的事

tell the time (从时钟/手表上读时间)

tell sb. the truth告诉某人真相/tell sb. a story / stories给某人讲故事

7. You can call me Jon. call sb. …叫某人…(call + 双宾语)

name sb. …给某人取名…(name + 双宾语)

a boy called Jon一个叫Jon的男生 (called …过去分词短语作定语修饰男孩)

a girl named May一名名叫May的女生 (named …过去分词短语作定语修饰女生)

A girl is called May.一位女生被取名为May。(这句话是被动语态)以上所有call = name；called = named

8. I am about one and a half metres tall.

(1) about 大约= around

(2) one and a half metres = one metre and a half 1.5米 one and a half hours = one hour and a half一个半小时

(3) 划线提问 How tall are you? 表示身高还可以使用 I’m about five feet tall.

foot (1) one part of the body（脚；足）

(2) a unit of measure（英尺） (pl.) feetinch  (pl.) inches 英寸

9. I have very short black hair. = I’m a boy with very short black hair. (这里用介词 “with”长有)

(1) have – has – had – had (v.) 这里用作实意动词“长着”，实意动词have / has / had 变“否定句”或“疑问句”要借用助动词“does/do

比较其它have用法：I have a brother called Edwin .（有）My school has many sports fields （有）

I have never been there .（“现完”助动词）

have to do ; has to do; had to do （不得不去做）

(2) hair 头发 (常用作不可数名词，如果讲几丝白发等可以加s: some white hairs)

10. My hobby is playing chess.

(1) hobby ---- an interest or activity such as collecting stamps or making models(pl.) hobbies

(2) My hobby is + V-ing(动名词短语).

(3) chess ---- a common board game* play chess / cards / football / …games* play the violin

11. I live with my parents in the UK.the UK 英国(也常用Britain / England)

= the United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(简称“英国”)

12. My dad owns a Chinese restaurant nearby and my mum works in a college.

(1) own

① (v.) = run ; have 拥有；开办own a Chinese restaurant

② (a.) 短语… of one’s own某人自己的…… e.g. I have a bedroom of my own .

短语… on one’s own靠某人自己 e.g. Edwin won the game on his own .owner (n.) 主人

(2) (放在句末：在附近；放在名词前：附近的)

(3) work in a college在一所学院工作

13. He is at university in London.他在伦敦一所大学读书。

Joe’s father works in a university. Joe的父亲在一所大学工作。

14. He is studying to be an accountant.

(1)这里的不定式 to do …是表示“目的”的不定式，= in order to do …为了去做……

(2) accountant (n.) -- person (in a company) who looks after the money and keeps the financial records 会计员 出纳

 count (v.) 数（数）

15. He comes back home during the holidays.

(1) come back home 返回家 (这里的back和home都是adv.)

(2) during (prep.) -- all the time that something is happening 在……期间

16. I am in Year 7 at Walker School.in Year 7 = in Grade 7 = in Form 7 在七年级

17. I like my school because the teachers are very friendly.

(1) because(因为)， 引导“原因状语从句”。注意：在主从句中，用了because不能同时使用so(所以)。

(2) friendly (adj.) 友好的be friendly to sb. 对某人友好的make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友

18. I am keen on sports.

be keen on sth. / doing sth. 酷爱 = be very interested in … be fond of … wanting to do something

e.g. She is keen on pop music and writing poetry.

19. I enjoy skiing and playing table tennis.

(1) enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoyable (adj.) 愉快的；快乐的

(2) ski (v.) 滑雪 – skied – skied – skiing

20. My ambition is to be an architect, or maybe an engineer.

(1) ambition ---- wish or goal ambitious (a.)One’s ambition is to be ... (这里不定式“作表语”)

(2) maybe (adv.) 可能；或许(只能放在陈述句子的开头，或者省略说法的词语前)= Probably, possibly

That boy may be from America.那位男生可能是来自美国。句子中间分开书写的“may be”是“情态动词may+动词原形be”，用作句子的“谓语”。

21. I enclosed a photo of myself and some of my school friends.

(1) enclose (v.) – put … inside

(2) a photo of myself and some of school friends 一张我和一些朋友在一起拍的照片

a photo of mine = one of my photos 我的所有照片中的一张照片

a photo of Jon’s = one of Jon’s photos Jon所有的照片中的一张照片

Notes for Grammar of Unit 1

1. Using question words to find out facts:

 What (什么) – things (事情/东西)

(包括“人口population”/“价格price”/“重量weight”/hobby“兴趣”/ambition“志向”/job“工作”等)

 Which (哪一个 / 哪一位 / 哪一些) – choosing things or people (选择东西 / 人物)