考博英语阅读理解试题分类解析-阅读理解分类解析-Unit 9 文化教育类【圣才出品】

考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷5(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionOne motivational analyst who became curious to know there had been such a great rise in impulse buying at supermarkets was James Vicary. He suspected that some special psychology must be going on inside the women as they shopped in supermarkets. His suspicion was that perhaps they underwent such an increase in tension when confronted with so many possibilities that they were forced into making quick purchases. He set out to find out if this were true. The best way to detect what was going on inside the shopper was through the use of a galvanometer or lie detector. That obviously was impractical. The next best thing was to use a hidden motion-picture camera and record the eye-blink rate of the women as they shopped. How fast a person blinks his eyes is a pretty good index of his state of inner tension. The average person, according to Mr. Vicary, normally blinks his eyes about 32 times a minute. If he is tense, he blinks them more frequently; and. under extreme tension, he may blink up to 50 or 60 times a minute. II he is notably relaxed, on the other hand, his eye-blink rate may drop to a subnormal twenty or less.Mr. Vicary set up his cameras and started following the ladies as they entered the store. The results were startling, even to him. Their eyeblink rate, instead of going up to indicate mounting tension, went down and down, to a very subnormal fourteen blinks a minute. The ladies fell into what Mr. Vicary calls a hypnoidal trance, a light kind of trance that, he explains, is the first stage of hypnosis. Mr. Vicary has decided that the main cause of the trance is that the supermarket is packed with products which in former years would have been items only kings and queens could have afforded and here in this fairyland they were available to all. Mr. Vicary theorizes: “Just within this generation, anyone can be a king or queen and go through these stores where the products say ‘buy me, buy me. “‘(344 words)1．Vicary’s curiosity was aroused by the fact that______.A．there was a decrease in sales in supermarketsB．women were showing strong resistance to products in supermarketsC．there seemed to be no logic in women’s buying habitsD．women were shopping very carefully正确答案：C解析：文章第一段就讲述了Vicary怀疑妇女在购物时有一种特殊的心理在起作用．与C“女性购物是没有逻辑理由”相近。

考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。

（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。

（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。

考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThe bear is a classic and enduring American symbol for the benevolent wild. We tend to think well of bears, viewing them as large, powerful, stubborn creatures capable of mischief but somehow vaguely humorous and, like defensive tackles, essentially good-hearted. However, when it comes to direct dealings with bears, our behavior has not been especially benign. For better than three centuries we have been hunting them, trapping them, setting dogs on them, clearing and leveling their natural habitat. With the notable exception of grizzlies, bears have held up under this harassment better than many less conspicuous, more mobile creatures. Although there are fewer bears in the US than there were when Europeans first came to the continent, they still remain reasonably numerous. Bears now exist in population pockets scattered throughout most of their former range, which was just about all of the wooded parts of the country. Bears have suffered from what is called civilization, but they are outstanding exceptions to the generally held (but only sometimes true) notion that people and wild beasts are incompatible. Take the most abundant US species, the black bear for example. There is little evidence that black bears shy away from civilized areas or that, like good Sierra Clubbers, they find them psychologically, morally and esthetically repugnant. To the contrary, given any encouragement or even tolerance, black bears tend to make a beeline for settlements and prosper there until they are scragged or shooed away by frightened residents. Where this scragging and shooing process has been suspended, as in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, black bears have lumbered in from all over the woods to live cheek by jowl, snout by Winnebago, with people. (279 words)1．What trend has occurred in the bear population since Europeans first came toAmerica?A．The population has become smaller.B．The population has become larger.C．There are fewer species than ever before.D．They have died out.正确答案：A解析：第二段第二句开头“fewer bears”，所以答案足A“熊的数量变少了”。

第五部分阅读理解第一章阅读理解题型及解题技巧一、主旨大意题主旨大意题是全局性的问题，也就是说只有读完全文，了解文章的大意才能做。

因此我们建议这类问题最好在做完这篇阅读理解所有问题后再去做，因为你在做完三、四题局部性的、细节辨认性的问题后，自然会对文章大意有一定的了解。

这时再去做主题大意题，就可省去读全文。

(一)常见的表述方式·What is the main topic of the p assage?·With what topic is the p assage primarily concerned?·The central idea conveyed in the above p assage is that______．·Which of the following best sums up the p assag e?·The main idea of this p assage is______．·The p assage tells us______．·Which of the following statements best expresses／summarizes the main idea of the p assage?·What is the main idea of the p assage?·This article is mainly about______．·This p assage deals mainly with______．·What does the p assage mainly discuss?·Which of the following best states the theme of the p assage?·In this p assag e the author／writer mainly argues that______．·The purpose of the author in writing the article is to______．·What does the author intend to convey thr ough the p assage?(二)解题方法1．重要位置解题法任何一篇阅读理解文章都有一个中心思想。

清华大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information rich and the info poor.And that divide does exist today.My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty yearsago.What was less visible then,however,were the new,positive forces that work against the digital divide.There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow.As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are.More and more governments,afraid their countries will be left behind,want to spread Internet access.Within the next decade or two,one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together.As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead.And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.Of course,the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty.And the Internet is not the only tool we have.But it has enormous potential.Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.To take advantage of this tool,some impoverished countries willhave to get over their outdated anti-coloni a l prejudices with respect to foreign investment.Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a societyin the United States.When the United States built its industrials infrastructure,it didn't have the capital to do so.And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure—including roads, barbors,highways,ports and so on—were built with foreign investment.The English,the Germans,the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony.They financed them.Immigrant Americans built them.Guess who owns them now?The Americans.I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter.The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure,which today is an electronic infrastructure,the better off you're going to be.That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled,or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled.But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.25.Digital divide is something_________.[A]getting worse because of the Internet[B]the rich countries are responsible for[C]the world must guard against[D]considered positive todayernments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.[A]offers economic potentials[B]can bring foreign funds[C]can soon wipe out world poverty[D]connects people all over the world27.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of_________.[A]providing financial support overseas[B]preventing foreign capital's control[C]building industrial infrastructure[D]accepting foreign investment28.It seems that now a country's economy depends much on_________.[A]how well-developed it is electronically[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants[C]whether it adopts America's industrial pattern[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations名师解析25.Digital divide is something_______.数字鸿沟是______。

第一部分考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧一、考试要求阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）是博士生入学英语考试的重要组成部分，该题型一直是各院校考查的重点，为每年必考题型而且比重最大（个别院校除外），分值比重一般为30%或40%（电子科技大学达到50%）。

为了顺利通过博士生入学英语考试，考生必须高度重视阅读理解能力的训练和提高。

（一）测试要求在国家教育部颁布的《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》中关于“读”的能力要求为：掌握并能运用各项阅读技能（如概括中心思想，猜词悟意，预见，推理和推论等），具有语法水平上的分析能力。

能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物，达到每分钟60-70个词，读后能够理解中心思想及内容。

计时阅读难度略低，生词不超过总词数2%的材料，速度达到每分钟100-120个词，读后能理解中心思想及主要内容。

总阅读量：精读30000个词左右，泛读80000个词左右。

原国家教委发布的《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》（试行稿）明确指出，阅读理解的测试目的主要是考查学生通过阅读材料获取信息的能力，要求考生在快速阅读材料的同时，能够正确地理解材料的意思。

具体而言，阅读理解主要测试考生如下几方面的能力：（1）所掌握词汇量的深度和广度，准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中特定含义的能力；（2）迅速总结所读材料的中心思想和段落大意，并找出一些表露作者观点的关键句子的能力；（3）对所读材料各段落之间的逻辑意义进行判断、推理和引申的能力；（4）注意一些对理解全文或某个关键句子起着重要的作用的细节问题的能力；（5）领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度，或者从阅读材料所隐含的意思中推断出作者的观点和态度的能力。

总之，阅读理解部分不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想，而且要求考生注意文中细节；不但要求对具体事实情节的理解，而且要求对其抽象含义的理解，既要理解字面意思，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等；既要求理解文中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理；既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题，又要求考生能运用应有的常识去分析、理解问题。

考博阅读概况考博院校难度：第一类：北大、社科院、党校课程两大方向：1)Reading 2) Questions阅读文章选材1) 医学科普类文章2) 社科类文章看懂文章熟记大纲内词汇，同时对大纲规定外词汇有所了解；克服长难句能抓住文章重点和主题做题准确定位问题答案，熟悉各种题型，能对选项进行正确筛选复习计划1、词汇要有基本的六级词汇量，再增加2000左右医学科普类词汇，包括常见疾病名称、常见器官名称、常见医疗器械名称、生物科技新进展等方面的词汇大体需要8000多个单词，重点复习高中以上的近4000个单词，主要是动词和形容词。

2、如何背单词1小时40个单词左右艾宾浩斯记忆曲线（如右）单词背诵保证3-5天内复习一次，7天左右复习第二次，后一次复习时间间隔倍增，经过7次记熟单词研究历年真题做题步骤：1）先做模拟2）学习该篇文章，查询每一个不认识的单词，同时看懂每句话，并能翻译3）分析文章结构4）题目分析5）选项分析精读、泛读能力的训练1) 医疗期刊2) 西方大网站的健康栏目和频道New York Times The Economist泛读训练目标1) 练速度2) 练猜测、练跳跃3) 了解文章背景，西方背景泛读资料1) 卫生类职称英语资料2) 医学英语类教材3) 英语世界等小杂志方法总结：一、快速多次背单词二、精读历年真题三、精读训练四、定量定范围做泛读第二章考博阅读理解专项练习2002年人民大学真题Passage 24 (2002中国人民大学)Real policemen, both Britain and the United States hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don't think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he has to talk to.Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily clad ladies or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminal. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not—of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal; as soon as he's arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks—where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police—little effort is spent on searching. The police have an elaborate machinery which eventually shows up most wanted men.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of this has to be given by people who don't want to get involved in a court case. So as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing hiswitnesses and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures: first as members of a police force they always have to behave with absolute legality, secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple mindedness—as he sees it—of citizens, social workers, doctors, law makers, and judges, who, instead of stamping out crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine tenths of their work is reaching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.16．It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law ________ .A．so that he can catch criminals in the streetsB．because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerousC．so that he can justify his arrests in courtD．because he has to know nearly as much about law as aprofessional lawyer17．The everyday life of a policeman or detective is ________ .A．exciting and glamorousB．full of dangerC．devoted mostly to routine mattersD．wasted on unimportant matters18．When murders and terrorist attacks occur the police ________ .A．prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself awayB．spend a lot of effort on trying to track down their manC．try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up their reputationD．usually fail to produce results19．The real detective lives in “an unpleasant moral twilight” because ________ .A．he is an expensive public servantB．he must always behave with absolute legalityC．he is obliged to break the law in order to preserve itD．he feels himself to be cut off from the rest of the world 20．Detectives are rather cynical because ________ .A．nine tenths of their work involves arresting peopleB．hardly anyone tells them the truthC．society does not punish criminals severely enoughD．too many criminals escape from jail1、扫描题干，提炼关键词1) 找共性词2) 重点关注问原因的题3) 重点关注与作者有关的题2、通读全文，抓住中心通读是以抓住文章主旨和结构为目的的一种快速阅读方式。

考博英语阅读理解In the pursuit of academic excellence, many students aimto enter the realm of doctoral studies, where English proficiency is a crucial component. The English reading comprehension section of the doctoral entrance examination is designed to test the candidates' ability to understand and analyze complex texts, which is essential for conducting research and writing academic papers.The reading materials in these exams often include scholarly articles, excerpts from books, and research papers that cover a wide range of topics such as science, technology, humanities, and social sciences. To excel in this section, students must not only have a strong vocabulary but also the ability to infer meaning from context, identify the main ideas, and understand the nuances of the arguments presented.One effective strategy for improving reading comprehension is to practice with a variety of texts that simulate the difficulty and style of the actual exam. This includes reading beyond the academic sphere to newspapers, magazines, and online resources to familiarize oneself with different writing styles and subject matters.Another important aspect is the ability to skim and scan texts quickly to locate specific information. This skill is particularly useful in the exam setting, where time is of the essence. Candidates should also learn to identify theauthor's purpose, tone, and perspective, which can provide valuable insights into the text's overall message.In addition to practice, building a strong foundation in grammar and sentence structure is essential. Misunderstanding complex sentences can lead to incorrect interpretations of the text. Regular grammar exercises and sentence analysis can help clarify these concepts.Finally, it is beneficial to develop critical thinking skills. The ability to question, analyze, and evaluate the information presented in the text is a hallmark of a successful doctoral candidate. This involves not only understanding the text but also being able to form a critical opinion about the arguments and evidence presented.In conclusion, mastering the English reading comprehension section of the doctoral entrance exam requires a combination of practice, vocabulary knowledge, reading strategies, and critical thinking. With dedication and the right approach, candidates can enhance their reading skills and increase their chances of success in the competitive world of academia.。

上交大考博英语阅读理解题型介绍及专项训练阅读理解的短文内容涉及社会科学（主要包括社会学、教育、人类学、心理学、经济、管理、金融等领域）、自然科学（主要包括化学、生物、交通、物理、工程、计算机、医学、农业等领域）和人文科学（主要包括哲学、历史、文学、语言、新闻、艺术等领域）。

考博英语的阅读理解题型中的文章通常选取外文杂志、外文网站中的文章，然后由各院校的命题组命题，或者选取四六级、考研、研究生学位英语考试等已考过的文章。

纵观各院校的考博英语阅读理解题型，主要涉及了四种考查方式：1）常规阅读理解题给出一篇文章，文章后面会有几个问题或者未完成的陈述，而且每个问题都会有四个选项，要求考生选择符合题意的最佳答案。

根据大纲要求，常规阅读理解主要考查主旨大意题、推理判断题、词义猜测型、事实细节题及观点态度题。

2）阅读解答题给出一篇文章，要求考生回答题后的5个问题。

主要考查考生对文章的中心思想、重要细节的理解和提取，并用较为精炼的语言将其陈述清楚。

3）阅读选句填空题给出一篇文章，将其中一些信息除去，而且文章后面会有多于空格数量的句子或者段落，要求考生在理解中心大意的基础上，联系上下文的内容，选择合适的句子填入空白处。

4）阅读排序题给出一篇文章，分别去除部分信息，文章后会有相应的选项，要求考生通过对文章连贯性、一致性的理解，将这些选项正确的排列，这部分对阅读理解的综合能力要求比较高。

当然，有的院校会考快速阅读，难度低于常规（仔细）阅读理解题。

有的院校出阅读判断题，即通过阅读文章，判断文章后所给出的陈述是否正确。

阅读理解题型中，常规阅读理解是必考的，其他题型是根据各院校的具体情况变动。

总之，阅读理解题型是考博英语题型中占分比例最大的，考生应该予以更多的重视，找准复习方向，多熟练阅读理解中各类题型的解题技巧。

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湖北考博英语真题答案解析湖北考博英语真题是备考考博英语的重要参考材料之一。

通过分析和解析真题，考生可以更好地了解考试的出题规律和要求，提高备考效率和准确度。

本文将对湖北考博英语真题答案进行解析，帮助考生更好地备考。

一、阅读理解题阅读理解题是考博英语中的重点和难点之一。

针对每篇阅读理解文章，考生需要理解文章主题和主旨，抓住关键信息，并根据文章内容回答问题。

下面是一道典型的湖北考博英语阅读理解题。

Passage 1Evolution, in the broadest sense, is a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations. The Latin word evolutio means to unfold, meaning the unfolding of something complex into something more simple or primitive. In simple terms, it is the process of gradual change in species over time, resulting in the formation of new species.Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?A. The process of evolutionB. The meaning of the word "evolution"C. The formation of new speciesD. The word origin of "evolution"根据文章内容可知，文章主要讨论的是进化的过程，所以正确答案为A。

二、完形填空题完形填空题也是考博英语中常见的题型。

东北师范大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析People do not analyze every problem they meet.Sometimes they tryto remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.Other timesthey begin to act without thinking;they try to find a solution bytrial and error.However,when all these methods fail,the person witha problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzinga problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem.Forexample,Sam's bicycle is broken,and he cannot read it to class ashe usually does.Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repairhis bicycle.he must find the reason why it does not work.For instance,he must determine if the problem is with the gears,the brakes,orthe frame.He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the Gengduo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lianxi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi problem clearerand lead to possible solutions.For instance,suppose Sam decided thathis bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gearwheels.At this time.he can look in his bicycle repair book and readabout gears.He can talk to his friends at the bike shop.He can lookat his gears carefully.after studying the problem,the person shouldhave several suggestions for a possible solution.Take Sam as an illustration.His suggestions might be:put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones;tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam,for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)between the gear wheels.He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested.Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short,he has solved the problem.41.What is the best title for this passage?A)Six Stages for Repairing Sam's BicycleB)Possible Ways to Problem-solvingC)Necessities of Problem AnalysisD)Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem42.In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except.A)recognize and define the problemB)look for information to make the problem clearerC)have suggestions for a possible solutionD)find a solution by trial or mistake43.By referring to Sam's broken bicycle,the author intends to.A)illustrate the ways to repair his bicycleB)discuss the problems of his bicycleC)tell us how to solve a problemD)show us how to analyses a problem44.Which of the following is NOT true?A)People do not analyze the problem they meet.B)People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.C)People may learn from their past experienceD)People can not solve some problems they meet.45.As used in the last sentence,the phrase in short means.A)in the long run B)in detail C)in a word D)in the endPassage91.B2.D3.C4.A5.C本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

中国地质大学（北京）考博英语阅读解析Passage Nine（Holmes' Knowledge）His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system."You appear to be astonished, " Holmes said, smiling at my expression. "Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose： A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.""But the Solar System！ " I protested.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) "What the deuce is it to me？" he interrupted impatiently.One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.Its somewhat ambitious title was "The Book of Life, " and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man's inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusionswere as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer."From a drop of water, "said the writer, "a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. "This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1. What is the author's attitude toward Holmes？[A]Praising.[B]Critical.[C]Ironical.[D]Distaste.2. What way did the author take to stick out Holmes' uniqueness？[A]By deduction.[B]By explanation.[C]By contrast.[D]By analysis.3. What was the Holmes' idea about knowledge-learning？[A]Learning what every body learned.[B]Learning what was useful to you.[C]Learning whatever you came across.[D]Learning what was different to you.4. What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about？[A]One may master the way of reasoning through observation.[B]One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.[C]One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.[D]One may become practical through observation and analysis.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

中国农业大学考博英语阅读理解真题解析Directions：You are going to read a list of headings and a text about whatparents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood.Choose a heading from the list A——G that best fits the meaning ofeach numbered part of the text(41——45)。

The first and lastparagraphs of the text are not numbered.There are two extra headingsthat you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)A.Set a Good Example for Your KidsB.Build Your Kid's Work SkillsC.Place Time Limits on Leisure ActivitiesD.Talk about the Future on a Regular BasisE.Help Kids Develop Coping StrategiesF.Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They AreG.Build Your Kids Sense of ResponsibilityHow Can a Parent Help?（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in earlyadulthood for their kids.Even if a job's starting salary seems toosmall to satisfy an emerging adult's need for rapid content，thetransition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-upadult is ready for the move.Here are a few measures，drawn from mybook Ready or Not，Here Life Comes，that parents can take to preventwhat I call“work-life unread ness”。

Unit 11 宗教信仰类Passage 1 天主教会To claim supernatural powers and then be caught in dirty acts—sexually abusing children or, even worse, protecting the abusers—is not only a moral problem. It is a near fatal professional error. I wonder if the hierarchy knows how gravely the Roman Catholic Church, especially the American church, has been wounded. There’s huge internal bleeding, a hemorrhage of credibility—yet, in the face of all that, a changing official attitude mixing pain and evasion. At least priest Jimmy Swaggart had the good grace to cry on television and beat his breast and otherwise oblige the audience with the acting of regret. Last week the Pilot, the newspaper of the archdiocese of Boston, did ask several questions that it admitted are “out there in the minds of Catholics”—an interesting phrase, by the way, that suggests some of the problems: a hierarchy that sees “the Catholic mind” as something “out there” and the defended priests as being “in here” Among the questions: 1) Should being alone continue to be “a normative condition for the diocesan priests”? 2) If being alone were of their own choice, would there be fewer errors of this nature in the priests? My answers would be: 1) No.2) Yes.There’s no cure-all, as the Pilot said. Catholics have to think through strong arguments for and against being alone—and for and against the appointment of women as priests. But the current failure will be compounded if the debatebecomes a merely technical discussion of difficulties and ignores the overall danger to the church. A Catholic Church that is losing so much ground around the world and has such difficulty in employing new priests cannot afford the critical, firm pride of centuries past. Allowing priests to marry, and appointing women, would do an important thing: begin to change the culture of the priests—a culture that needs very considerable changing. It would help clean the sometimes dirty atmosphere of the religion.Sexual crimes against the most innocent lambs in the flock are a tragedy for the authority and moral structure of the church. Faith climbs on a vertical axis to God. The vertical is supported by a horizontal axis—trust, which is the everyday, stabilizing liv ing church. If trust dissolves into doubt and dislike, if God’s representatives on earth turn out to be, many of them, child abusers and protectors of child abusers, then who will ever see such men at their priestly work without suspicion and hating?1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The change of the culture of priests in the Catholic ChurchB. The moral problem of the priestsC. The being alone in priestsD. The problem facing the Catholic Church and the possible solutions2. What does the author think the official attitude towards the problem facing the priests is?A. facing up to the problem and eager to resolve itB. having taken measures decisivelyC. worrying about it, but trying not to fact itD. no clear attitude at all3. What would be the possible methods to fact the problem mentioned in the passage?A. To have the right attitude towards the problemB. To clean the present atmosphere of the religionC. To make being alone optional and ordain woman priestD. To get rid of those priests who commit sexual crimes4. At the time of the publication of this article, in the Catholic Church, being alone to diocesan priests is a (an) ______ condition.A. optionalB. normativeC. unnecessaryD. ordinary5. If the church doesn’t face the problem, what is NOT the possible result?A. There is much more difficulty in employing new priests.B. The church will lose its authority.C. The believer will loathe and suspect the priests very much.D. The church will be sent on court.【答案与解析】1.D 第一段讲There’s huge internal bleeding, a hemorrhage（出血）of credibility即天主教会面临的问题，第二、三段讲cure and solution。

Unit 9 医学保健类Passage 1 血液库存问题Post-holiday blood shortages are nothing new to hospitals. But last week, physician James Devitt at Miami Valley Hospital saw disaster looming. For the first time ever, he called surgeons at home and urged them to postpone all nonemergency surgeries requiring large amounts of blood. By the time he was done dialing, Devitt had persuaded surgeons to reschedule at least 14 operations. Not that he was pleased by the delays. “If we don’t get some of these surgeries done soon,” Devitt says, “they could become emergencies.”Miami Valley wasn’t alone. Confronting a national blood shortage, physicians in Atlanta, Pittsburgh, New York, Baltimore, and Washington moved to postpone nonemergency surgeries. “We’ve never seen cancellations of surgeries like this,” says Melissa Macmillan, spokesperson for America’s Blood Centers (ABC). “It’s absolutely the last resort.”The blood shortage was so grim that about half of all U.S. blood banks carried less than a one-day supply. Normally, they stockpile three days’ worth. Suppliers need the extra red cells on hand for emergencies like car accidents—one trauma patient can quickly wipe out a hospital’s entire b lood supply.This month’s crippling blood drought is worse than usual because winter storms forced cancellations of blood drives in the Midwest, considered America’s“blood basket”. Blood providers like ABC and the Red Cross count on that region to supply the rest of the country during normal shortages. But last week, icy roads kept donors away from blood banks, while school and workplace closings forced blood-drive organizations to cancel events.Blood industry experts say the long-term outlook is ominous. Hospitals need more blood to treat an aging population, and donations aren’t keeping pace. Only 5 % of those eligible donate, and even fewer people plan to give this year, according to a recent Harris Poll. The ranks of the most loyal donors, the World War II generation, are thinning. For the most part, baby boomers say they are too busy, and young people are apathetic.1. The quotation of Devitt’s remarks in Paragraph One serves to ______.A. prove that he was not pleased by the delaysB. explain that blood shortage is not rareC. analyze the characteristics of emergenciesD. emphasize the necessity of blood transfusion2. What is the subject of Paragraph Two?A. The inefficiency of most physiciansB. The seriousness of the nationwide blood shortageC. The disappointment of the ABC spokespersonD. The significance of the cancellations of surgeries3. What can we learn from Paragraph Three?A. Blood price is higher because of the blood shortage.B. One patient has used up a hospital’s entire blood supply.C. Red cells are usually more available than some other thugs.D. Many suppliers are facing a marked shrinkage of blood stock.4. What is said about the Midwest?A. Blood drives forced school and workplace closings.B. A severe draught hit the area this month.C. It is the major area for blood donation.D. Donors there were organized to drive to the rest of the country.5. “Baby boomers” (in Paragraph 5) most probably refer to ______.A. the World War II generationB. the middle-aged AmericansC. the aging populationD. the most loyal donors6. Which of the following best describes the tone of the author?A. OminousB. IronicC. ApatheticD. Worrisome【答案与解析】1.A 该段主要讲由于血库存量有限，医生被迫暂时推迟一些手术。

考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionAmid remarkable progress on inflation and fiscal reform, Italy heads into 1998 with bright prospects for economic growth and its first-round entry into a single-currency Europe all but certain. Continued wrangling over welfare reform is a potential stumbling block in the new year, but Italy appears to be on its way to a lasting recovery. The growth speedup began in the second quarter of 1997, but the pace has been exaggerated by government incentives to spur auto sales. Third-quarter real gross domestic product grew 1. 9% from a year ago, and given the jump in October industrial production, fourth-quarter GDP should reach 296. Although growth is expected to ease hack in the first half of 1998, as the auto-led boom wanes, several key factors will fuel continued growth. First, short-term interest rates have fallen 5 percentage points in the past two years, reflecting inflation’s drop from 6 % to 1.6% in November. Further cuts in official rates are expected after passage of the 1998 budget by year end 1997, as Italy aligns its rates with those across Europe prior to monetary union. Official rates are expected to drop from 6. 25% currently to 4. 5% or less during the first half, supplying a big boost to domestic demand. Also, while Italy’s fiscal policy will stay tighter than that of Europe generally, the severe drag of recent years will have lifted. Moreover, trade is a plus, since Italy is one of the European economies least exposed to the Asian crisis, based on an analysis by J. P. Morgan & Co. The lira should remain stable, and the downdraft from its steep appreciation in 1995 and 1996 is fading. Even with growth set to pick up, inflation in 1998 should remain within the Bank of Italy’s 2% target, especially with joblessness expected to remain above 12%, and with wage growth set to slow. Because 1997 inflation came in less than the government’s target, contractual wage adjustments for 1998 will adjust downward, reflecting the undershoot, from about 4% in 1997. Slower wage growth also will help the 1998 budget deficit to dip below 3% of GDP. (354 words)1．What’s the topic of this passage?A．Economic growth of Italy.B．Fiscal reform of Italy.C．Inflation in Italy.D．Fiscal policy of Italy.正确答案：A解析：文章的第一句话就是中心思想“随着意大利在通货膨胀和财政方面进行了改革并取得了进步……，”与A项内容相符。