高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***2014年云南省师宗县第一中学高一英语月考测试卷考试范围：高考；考试时间：120分钟；注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题，共100分）二、阅读理解，20小题，40分A篇Most nutrition education isn’t very effective. People know that an apple is better than a Snickers bar, but they often eat the Snickers bar anyway. After conducting hundreds of studies on the psychology of how and why we eat, I’ve seen that it’s good to understand nutrition, but it’s much better to change your eating environment. Doing so can help you make better choices without even thinking about it.Part 1We all know children can be stubbornly habitual in what they want to eat. If kids had French fries yesterday, they want them again today. We came up with a simple way to interrupt this default. Instead of asking kids what they want, what if we ask them about someone they admire?We studied this with elementary school–aged children one summer. We treated 22 kids to apple slices or fries at a fast-food restaurant. The first week, 20 of them ordered French fries, and two ordered apple slices. But the next week, we asked, “What would Batman eat apple slices or French fries?” After they answered for Batman, we asked them what they wanted. This time, the number of kids who ordered apple slices jumped from two to ten—almost half of them.If you ask yourself before deciding between the salad and the cheesy bacon fries, “What would my role model choose?” you’ll be a lot less tempted. Thinking about what a well-liked person would do makes us less indulgent. Part 2If we knew what a skinny person’s kitchen looked like, we could set up our own kitchens in a similar way. Once we got into people’s homes, we took pictures of everything their dishes, sinks, refrigerator shelves, counters, snacks, pet-food dishes, tables, lighting — even random items held up by magnets on their refrigerators. Then we spent eight months coding these kitchens to see what thin people do differently.We wondered if big kitchens turn us into big people. But it turns out that kitchen size isn’t the problem. It’s what you see in the kitchen. The average woman who kept potato chips on the counter weighed eight pounds more than her neighbor who didn’t. “In sight, in stomach.” We eat what we see, not what we don’t.21．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part “less indulgent”?A. self-confidentB. self-controlledC. self-estimatedD. self-centered22．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?A. To give advice on how to become slim.B. To warn people that nutrition education is important for our daily life.C. To tell us that someone children admire may influence their eating habits.D. To introduce some innovative ways to help us eat healthier.23．What is the best title for part 2?A. The Slim Person’s KitchenB. How to decorate your KitchenC. Kitchen size makes a differenceD. Big kitchens are more popularB篇Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves –all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein. He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori.So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer. Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies. Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.24．What’s the main purpose of the article?A. To introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments onthemselves.B. To list difficulties that scientists went through in order to make importantdiscoveries.C. To explain why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves.D. To introduce some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners didon themselves.25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’belief about gastritiswas correct.26．The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.A. a kind of bacteriaB. a kind of stomach diseaseC. a new type of therapyD. a large amount of stomach acid27．From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cellB. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himselfC. had his request to experiment on patients deniedD. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancerC篇Do you want to speak fluent English like native English speaker, like Obama or Cameron? Do you want to master business English? If your answers are yes, just follow me!Part ⅠIf you are hunting a chance to improve yourself in English, TOP ENGLISH CITY will be a smart choice. We are members of “t he International Language Workshop” and enjoy both of the good honor in English teaching and high quality of our teaching team. We provide affordable, excellent English training programs for those who want to improve both their English knowledge and their language skills.In TOP ENGLISH GITY, you will be a top English-speaker among your competitors and enjoy the advantage that your competitors have not. You will be proud of being a member of TOP ENGLISH CITY.Courses designedBasic Studies Sat 800-1000 a.m.Intermediate（中级）Spoken English Sun. 800-1000 a.m.Standard Spoken English Sat. 800-1000 a.m.Basic Business English Sun. 800-1000 a.m.Intermediate Business English Sun. 700-900 p.m.TOEFL Super Studies Sun. 730-930 p.m.Children’s Weekend Sat. &. Sun. 800 a.m.-500 p.m.For more information, please contactRoom 807 American Plaza Tianhexi Rd, 510150 GuangzhouTel86668888-8807Part Ⅱ ENGLISH SALONA place for you to practice your English, to exchange your English learning experiences, to know more about the culture of English-speaking countries, to make more friends who can speak very good English.You will have free talks, famous English films and songs appreciation, English lectures and games; all are for you to improve yourself in English in the special, full-of-fun Salon. How to JoinWe are a group with membership system, so if you want to join our group, please make an application to the Tianhe Office of Top English City, filling in the applying forms. You will be given a salon ID card, and becomes our member.The QualificationsYou must be fluent in English-speaking or an English lover. Those who are now learning English in the Top English City will be advantageous.For more information, please contactMr. Jin Chanat 47129198English Salon, your best friend! Join Right Now!28．What is the function of the first paragraph?A. To raise the interest of readers.B. To show the structure of the passage.C. To list the function of fluent English.D. To give a clue of the advertisement.29．Which choice can be filled in the blank of Paragraph 2?A. We have all the languages you want!B. Enjoy English, enjoy your beautiful life!C. Want to be an English teacher, follow me!D. Top English City, your smart choice!30．According to the passage, which following course can one person choose at a time?A. Standard Spoken English and Basic Studies.B. Basic Business English and Intermediate Spoken English.C. TOEFL Super Studies and Standard Spoken English.D. TOEFL Super Studies and Intermediate Business English.31．Whic h following word can replace the underlined word “Qualifications”?A. Requirements.B. Knowledge.C. V ocabulary.D. Learning skills.32．In which section of a newspaper can you read the Passage?A. Sports section.B. Family section.C. Advertisement section.D. Entertainment section.D篇More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments. Covering an area of over 4,000 square kilometers, Qinghai Lake is also the country’s biggest salt-water lake.Located in Northwest China’s Qinghai Province, the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point--Cormorant Island and Egg Island.The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called ‘Bird Islands’.Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau starts to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the islands and birds eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world famous symbol of the lake.To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up the Qinghai Lake Natural Protection Zone at the end of 1997. Meanwhile, the State has pointed out the Bird Islands and Spring Bay of the Qinghai Lake as central protection zones.Inspection officials and management employees often patrol the lake, improving local residents’ knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds.At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area, to prevent wolves, foxes and other carnivorous animals, as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds’ nest-building, egg-laying and breeding. As a result, more and more birds are coming to the islands for sheltering and breeding.33. Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest salt-water lake in the Great Northwest?A. Because it is getting warmer and warmer.B. Because it is being reformedC. Because environments there are getting more and more agreeable forthem to live in.D. Because the people there are becoming richer and richer34. The birds feed on _______according to the passage.A. floating fish and various grassesB. grass moving on the water surface and different kinds of fishC. salt water and plenty of grainsD. corn from the local farmers35. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The ice and snow covering the Qinghai-T ibet Plateau doesn’t changeinto water, unless more than 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird IslandsB. Flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over islands to lay eggsC. Visitors can listen to the singing of birds from miles away, but theycouldn’t see an y of the birdsD. “The ice on the Plateau begins to change into water” means spring is comingE篇任务型阅读（七选五）No one wants to look silly or do the wrong thing at a new job. It is important to make the right impression—not the wrong one—from the very first day. You will face new people. You will be in a new place. ____36_____Here are several tips to help you make it through the first days at a new job:______37____Make sure you make a good one. Before your first day, find out if your new job has a dress code（准则）. If so, be sure to follow it. No matter what, always be neat and clean.Get to work on time. Employers value employees who come to work right on time.____38________Pay attention to introductions. One of the first things that your supervisor （主管）may do is to introduce you to co-workers will be important to you. They are the ones who will answer your questions when the boss is not around.Ask plenty of questions. Make sure that your supervisor has told you whatis expected of you. If he or she has not told you your job duties, ask for a list. Don’t take too long for lunch. What is the lunch-hour policy at your new job? ____39_____You can find out from your supervisor or your company’s personnel department.______40______You should never make personal phone calls to your friends and family unless it is an emergency.Never be the first one to leave. Observe how your co-workers behave around leaving time. It does no look good for you to be eager to leave.A．Set daily and weekly goals for yourself.B．Give yourself an extra 15 minutes to make sure you arrive on time.C．It may be difficult to know what to do.D．Do not make personal phone calls.E. Do people eat at their desks or does everyone take a full hour outside the workplace?F. First impressions can last forever.G. I’ll give you some advice now.三、完形填空，20小题，15分Once upon a time when Qin Shihuang was emperor in China, there was a beautiful young woman whose name was Meng Jiangnü. She married a man 41 Wan Xiliang, who she loved so 42 .Not long after their 43 , soldiers took Wan Xiliang away to work on the Great Wall, 44 the emperor had ordered to build. Meng Jiangnü was very 45 and very worried about her husband.“It is very 46 in the north,” she thought. “I47 make some warm clothes for m y husband.”When the 48 were finished, Meng Jiangnü 49 her journey and after a long and hard time she came to the Great Wall, after a long 50 , she found her efforts in vain. Then she turned to others for advice, and 51 , she found the captain in charge of the program.“I am very sorry,” said the captain of the 52 .” Your husband is dead since part of the wall 53 him.”Meng Jiangnü cried and cried. The emperor, who was visiting at the time, saw her. 54 her face was dirty and her eyes were red, she still looked so beautiful that the emperor was 55 by her appearance.“Come and live in my palace,” said Qin Shihuang.“First you must give my husband a great 56 ,” said Meng Jiangnü. And so the emperor did 57 she asked.“Now you must come with me,” said Qin Shihuang after the funeral. But Meng Jiangnü58 into the river. She 59 a beautiful silver fish and swam away 60 the emperor’s soldiers could catch her.41. A. naming B. calling C. called D. names42. A. wide B. widely C. deep D. deeply43. A. divorce B. meeting C. marriage D. leaving44. A. which B. that C. where D. what45. A. excited B. sad C. puzzled D. frustrated46. A. warm B. cool C. cold D. mild47. A. must B. need C. should D. can48. A. clothing B. clothes C. cloth D. coat49. A. ended B. set C. made D. started50. A. search B. research C. fight D. visiting51. A. actually B. eventually C. gradually D. basically52. A. visitors B. husband C. soldiers D. emperors53. A. fell off B. fell down C. fell in D. fell on54. A. Even though B. As though C. Even so D. As for55. A. attacked B. attracted C. attached D. assumed56. A. reward B. marriage C. funeral D. award57. A. with B. for C. by D. as58. A. walked B. ran C. dived D. jumped59. A. turned into B. turned to C. turned around D. turned over60. A. after B. before C. after D. until第II卷（非选择题共50分）四、语法填空题，10空，15分Why don’t birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another? Not long ago, experiments sho6wed that birds rely 61 the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds 62 fly by night? Tests with artificial（人造的）stars have proved that certain night flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long-distance flights.A dove（鸽子）had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a 63 (nature) sky. Yet 64 showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage65 (place) under an artificial star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the same direction 66 (take) by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the make-believe stars caused 67 change in the direction of his flight.Scientists think that doves, when 68 (fly) in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation. What do they do 69 the stars are hidden by clouds? 70 (obvious), they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coastlines, and river cour ses. But when it’s too dark to see these, the doves circle helplessly, unable to get their position.五、短文改错，10处，10分下面短文中有10处语言错误。
