Book 5 Unit 1Warming-up and pre-reading P1了解…情况举起，抬起从……处传来, 传下做…方法提出得出结论有力证据Reading P2-3照顾某人私人医生老百姓使显露；暴露:每次指挥，管理，支配失去控制变的对…感兴趣漂浮把…吸进全神贯注于……下定决心做某事做进一步的调查应受到责备从….拆除/去除…调查将…和…联系或连接起来死于（多为内因）使某事被做阻止做某事命令/指示某人做某事与什么相似Using language P4对…负责任吸收结束除…之外；此外：用…造句P5 第一次（状语）P6为…做准备发现做某事困难对某人要求严格P7导致：讲得通；有意义惩罚某人因为某事有时对…热情对…小心/谨慎反对一个直接的联系Sentence structure1. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
2. 但当他一想到要帮助（那些）受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
3. 为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
4. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
用本单元所学的词汇、短语、句型翻译下面的短文：许多严重的问题随着社会的发展接踵而来，期中之一就是“癌症村”。
专家和内科医生正在全神关注地调查此事。
他们分析了各种因素后得出来结论：环境污染造成了这个致命的问题。
这样的村子周围建有化工厂，因此村民们每天都暴露于污染了的空气中。
除了空气外，污染的水也应该负责。
但是工厂主们却反对这个结论。
他们坚持认为他们的工厂不能喝癌症联系在一起。
他们不接受他们应该对村民们的安全负责的短短。
据宣布，一个计划已经被提出来，这些工厂将很快地被关闭。
就我而言，政府应该严格处理这个问题。
任何以人们的利益为代价的发展都没有意义。
Exercise for Grammar 1. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had been invited2. The computer center, _____last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay4.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.A. to solving; makingB. to solving; madeC. to solve; makingD. to solve; made5. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.A. being knownB. having been knownC. to be knownD. known6 _______ English is different from ______ English in many ways.A. Spoken; writtenB. Speaking; writtenC. Spoken; writingD. Speak; write7 The woman ________ there under the tree, _______ in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.A. sitting; wearingB. sitting; dressedC. seating; dressedD. seated; dressing8 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing Mining Company, _____ as 3M.A. knowing.B. known.C. being known.D. to be known9 The _____ dishes lay on the floor. A breaking. B. broken. C. broke. D. break10 the ship,______ by a huge piece of iceberg, came to a sudden stop. A. hitting. B. hit. C. hitted. D. to hit.11 Sandy, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____ before the party.A. get changed.B. get change.C. get changing.D. get to change.12. Gathering clouds the coming storm．A. declared B. turned out C. connected D. announced13 he seems quite _____ at the idea. A. pleasing. B. pleased. C. please. D. pleasant.14 . She felt rather _______that she shouldn’t drive the car at such a _______ speed.A. frightening, frighteningB. frightened, frightenedC. frightening, frightenedD. frightened, frightening15 Tell Mary that there’s someone ____ for her at the door. A. waiting. B. waits. C. waited. D. to wait.16 there is a big dog____ to a fence outside the house. A. tying. B. tied. C. to tie. D. ties.17 The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912.A. first playedB. to be first playedC. first playingD. to be first playing18. What he has done is really ____. Now his parents are _____ him.A. disappointing; disappointed atB. disappointing; disappointed aboutC. disappointing; disappointed withD. disappointed; disappointing by19. Prices of daily goods ___ through a computer can be lower than some store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying20. Mr Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring21 As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers ____ by her mother.A. buyingB. being boughtC. were boughtD. bought22. As we joined the big crowd I got _____ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed23. The students, ______ at the way the question was p ut, didn’t know how to answer it.A being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised24. The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A having written B. to be written C. being written D. written25. Look at the note_____ to the door, you will see that someone paid a visit when we are away.A. pinningB. pinnedC. being pinnedD. is pinned26. I was very ____ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.A. disappointB. to disappointC. disappointingD. disappointed27 .--- A woman was killed. --- Where is the body of the ______ woman?A. murderB. murderedC. murderingD. having murdered28 .The ___ look on the girl’s face sugge sted that she ___ such bad news.A. surprising, would expectB. surprised, should expectC. surprising, shouldn’t have been expectedD. surprised, hadn’t expected29 .You’ll find the word "psychology"__ under "P" in your dictionary. A. have listed B. list C. listed D. listing30 .From the date ___ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A. markingB. marked C .to be marked D. having been marked阅读 AAlbert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What’s more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb（原子弹）—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.Although he wasn’t connected with any accepted religion（宗教）, Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know eve rything, but he is not hateful.”56. From the passage we know that . A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this centuryB. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his timeC. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of AmericaD. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons57. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would . A. have continued his scientific research B. have won another Nobel Prize for physicsC. not have advised starting uranium research in the U. S. A.D. not have moved to the U. S. A.58. Einstein in 1933.A. visited England and the U. S. A.B. lost everythingC. became a man without a countryD. both A and C59. Einstein believed that everything in the universe .A. was kept in order by its own lawB. had nothing to do with each otherC. happened in an irregular wayD. was made by the personal GodB“That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London. He had been studying some germs（细菌）that he was growing on a plate. They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. Dr Fleming found that a mould（霉菌）had floated in through the window landing on the plate. It had killed some of the germs it had touched.“This certainly looks promising.” Fleming said. “We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”He named the strange mould “penicillin”. It proved to be a killer of many germs. Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected（注射）with penicillin. The twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. Hardly anybody took any notice of it.In 1938 Dr Howard Florey, an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested. He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.When World War II broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England. Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. It saved the lives of thousands ofsoldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.60. Dr Alexander Fleming .A. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill peopleB. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnessesC. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plateD. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better61. Some of the germs on the plate .A. had been killed by a mould floating in through the windowB. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to FlemingC. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by Dr Alexander FlemingD. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor62. The reason why the twenty-five mice died was that .A. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillinB. they were almost dead ahead of the experimentC. they were easy to die in the experimentD. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin63. In 1938, an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming’s report and .A. left England for America, making the drugB. went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmenC. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beingsD. went to America to make this drug for mice64. The word “enormous” means . A. 剩余的 B. 恰当的 C. 少许的 D. 巨大的DLouis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”巴氏灭菌. In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. At that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (变化过程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (发酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows’ milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. This simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.68. Pasteur became in 1854. A. the chairperson of the science department at the University of LilleB. the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of LilleC. the general manager of a large beer-making companyD. the president of the University of Lille69. According to the passage, Lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century.A. growing grain cropsB. making beer and wineC. doing chemical researchD. producing various kinds of yeasts70. In the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to .A. wine and beerB. food and drinksC. the various yeastsD. other organisms71. We can infer from the passage that Pasteur’s discovery .A. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food productsB. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in LilleC. has done a lot of good to children in the worldD. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the world Warming-up and pre-reading1. 了解…情况know about 举起，抬起lift up从……处传来, 传下pass … from … to 做…方法the way of doing提出：put forward 得出结论：draw/come to/reach a conclusion有力证据supporting evidenceReading 照顾某人：attend sb. 私人医生: personal physician 老百姓：ordinary people 使显露；暴露: expose sth./sb./oneself to sth 每次every time 指挥，管理，支配：be in control of 失去控制：lose control of/be out of control 变的对…感兴趣become interested in 漂浮float around 把吸进absorb…into….. 下定决心做某事be determined to do sth 做进一步的调查make further investigations应受到责备：be to blame从….拆除/去除…：remove…from…. .调查：look into有力的证据：supporting evidence将…和…联系或连接起来：link…to…. be linked to: 与….有联系die of: 死于（多为内因）使某事被做have sth done 阻止做某事prevent … from doing sth命令某人做某事：instruct sb. to do sth.与什么相似Be similar to Using language P4 Be responsible for 对…负责任take in 吸收come to an end 结束apart from 除…之外；此外make sentences with 用…造句P5 for the first time 第一次（状语）P6 为…做准备prepare for 发现做某事困难find it difficult to do 对某人要求严格be strict with sb P7导致：lead to (to 是介词) 讲得通；有意义：make sense 惩罚某人因为某事punish sb for sth 有时at times 对…热情: be enthusiastic about/over sth.对…小心/谨慎：be cautious about/of sb./sth. 反对Be against 一个直接的联系a direct linkUseful sentences: 1，John Snow was a famous doctor in London –so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.2，But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera,3.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examed. 3，Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.翻译Many severe problems come along with the development of society, one of which is the “cancer village”. Experts and physicians are absorbed in looking into the matter. They analyze various factors and draw a conclusion that environmental pollution contributes to this deadly problem.Chemical factories were built around such villages, so the villagers are exposed to polluted air every day. Apart from the air, the polluted water should be to blame as well. But the factory owners are against the conclusion. They insist that their factories shouldn’t be linked to cancer. They reject the idea that they should take the blame for the safety of the villagers.It is announced that a plan has been put forward that the factories will soon be closed down. As far as I’m concerned, the government should be strict in handling this problem. Any development at the cost of people’s benefit makes no sense.Key: 1-5 ADC B D 6-10 ABBBB 11—20 ADBDA BACBA 21—30 DACDB DBDCB阅读理解(每小题1.5分，满分30分) 56—60 BCDAC 61—65 ADCDC 66—70 CCABB 71.C71—75 CDBCC1. Don’t expose yourself to the sun for too long. You will get sunburned.2. An organized trip is one organized by someone or some organization.3. Only then did he realize how much damage had been caused.4. He would think of his mother every time he met with difficulties.5. The skyscraper being built is still higher than the one built last year.Useful sentences:4，John Snow was a famous doctor in London –so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
