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2022年成都市中考语文模拟试卷三全卷分A卷和B卷，A卷满分100分（其中卷面2分），B卷满分50分；考试时间120分钟。
A卷分第I卷和第II卷，第I卷为选择题，第II卷为其他类型的题。
A卷（共100分）第I卷（选择题，共18分）一、基础知识（9分，每小题3分）1．根据语境，下面加点字注音错误的一项是（）A.紫色的大条幅上，泛着点点银光，就像迸（beng）溅的水花。
仔细看时，才知那是每一朵紫花中的最浅淡的部分，在和阳光互相挑（tiao）逗。
B.哪知老境却如此颓唐（tuD!他触目伤怀，自然情不能自已。
情郁于中，自然要发之于外，家庭琐屑（xie）便往往触他之怒。
C.这批无恶不作的法官，他们媚f（mei）上欺下，俯伏于国王之前，凌⑴ng）驾于人民之上.D.玛丽亚伫立（chu）良久，隐隐听到修道院传来的钟声，她陷入了遐思。
忽然，她猛省（xlng）过来，用手一拍自己的额头，急忙拔腿就跑，2.下面语句中书写准确无误的一项是（）A.他们受事业的强烈的吸引，既没有闲睱也没有热情去谋求物质上的利益。
B.除下帽来，油光可鉴，宛如小姑娘的发髻一般，……实在标致极了。
C.请假设人类幻想的某种令人眼花瞭乱的洞府，其外貌是神庙，是宫殿，那就是这座名园。
D.用现在的话讲，凡做一件事，便忠于一件事，将全副精力集中到这事上头，一点不旁鹜，便是敬。
3.下列语句中加点的成语使用不正确的一项是（）A.我在破获秘密的满足中，又很愤怒他的瞒了我的眼睛，这样苦心孤诣地来偷做没出息孩子的玩艺。
B.他们对这位文坛泰斗的形象五体投地，敬重有加，内心的期望扩大到诚惶诚恐的地步。
C.一下子想完全读懂所有的书，特别是完全读懂重要的经典著作，那除了狂王妄自大的人以外，谁也不敢这样自信。
D.长安城的鲁西西跳舞很好，许多同学都很嫉妒她,老是在她跳的舞蹈中吹毛求疵。
二、阅读下面的文言文，完成4〜6题。
（9分，每小题3分）先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字。
宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。
2024年最新仁爱版初三英语(上册)模拟试卷及答案(各版本)（考试时间：90分钟，满分：100分）一、听力理解（共20分）1. 听力短对话（共10小题，每小题2分）2. 听力长对话（共5小题，每小题2分）3. 听力短文（共5小题，每小题2分）二、词汇和语法（共20分）1. 选择题（共10小题，每小题2分）2. 完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分）三、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读短文（共3篇，每篇10小题，每小题2分）四、写作（共15分）1. 写作短文（共1篇，15分）五、口语（共15分）1. 口语表达（共1题，15分）八、听力填空（共10分）1. 听力填空（共5小题，每小题2分）九、听力匹配（共10分）1. 听力匹配（共5小题，每小题2分）十、词汇选择（共10分）1. 词汇选择（共10小题，每小题1分）1. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分）十二、阅读匹配（共10分）1. 阅读匹配（共5小题，每小题2分）十三、阅读简答（共10分）1. 阅读简答（共5小题，每小题2分）十四、写作翻译（共10分）1. 写作翻译（共1题，10分）十五、口语回答（共10分）1. 口语回答（共1题，10分）一、听力理解（共20分）1. 听力短对话（共10小题，每小题2分）答案：110题答案依次为A、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、A、B知识点：考查学生理解日常生活中的简单对话的能力，包括问候、告别、感谢、道歉等日常交际用语。
二、词汇和语法（共20分）1. 选择题（共10小题，每小题2分）答案：110题答案依次为A、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、A、B知识点：考查学生对英语词汇和语法的掌握程度，包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等词性的用法和时态、语态、语气等语法的应用。
2. 完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分）答案：110题答案依次为A、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、A、B知识点：考查学生对英语词汇和语法的综合运用能力，要求根据上下文语境选择合适的词语填空。
2024年上海市中考英语模拟试卷及答案（一）Part1 Listening(第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension(听力理解)(本大题共20题, 共25分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容, 选出相应的图片)(5分)1. ________2. ___________3. _________4. ___________5. __________B. Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question your hear (根据你听到的对话和问题, 选出最恰当的答案)(5分)6. A)Fish. B)Vegetables. C)Chicken. D)Beef.7. A)Science fiction B)Horror stories. C)Love stories D)Fables8. A)In a market. B)In a bookstore C)In a restaurant. D)At a theater.9. A)By bus. B)By bike C)On foot D)By car.10. A)She thought the ticket price for the movie was too high.B)She thought the movie was too long.C) She enjoyed every minute of the movie.D)She thought the movie was not good at all.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示, 不符合的用“F”表示)(5分)11. Franz Kafka was a kind gentleman with three children of his own.12. The little girl lost her favorite doll in the park in Berlin.13. Kafka and the girl were successful in finding the doll on their first search.14. Kafka wrote letters pretending to be the doll and described its adventures.15. The story tells us that love can be rediscovered in unexpected ways.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文, 用听到的单词完成下列句子。
2021年广东省初中学业水平考试模拟试卷(三)物理(时间：80分钟，分值：100分)一、单项选择题(本大题7小题，每小题3分，共21分)在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一个是正确的1．攀枝花市二滩水库是著名的风景区，湖光山色相映成趣．下列说法中正确的是(C) A．船在水面上的黑影是光的反射B．青山在水中的倒影是光的色散C．水看起来比实际要浅是光的折射D．小鸟掠过水面，它在水中的虚像越来越大2．下列有关运动和力的描述，正确的是(C)A．坐摩托车、电动车戴头盔是为了消除惯性B．在排球向上垫球的测试中，正在向上运动的排球，如果排球所受的力全部消失，排球将处于静止状态C．跳水比赛中，运动员压弯跳板，说明力可以改变物体的形状D．歌词”小小竹排江中游，巍巍青山两岸走”中，山”走”是选取树木作为参照物3．图示为我国民族吹管乐器－－唢呐，用它吹奏名曲《百鸟朝凤》时，模仿的多种鸟儿叫声悦耳动听，让人仿佛置身于百鸟争鸣的森林之中．关于唢呐，下列说法正确的是(D)A．用不同力度吹奏，主要改变声音的音调B．吹奏时按住不同位置的孔，主要改变声音的响度C．唢呐前端的喇叭主要改变声音的音色D．唢呐发出的声，是因为管内空气柱振动第3题图第4题图第5题图4．某物质在冷却过程中温度的变化曲线如图所示．据图可知，这种物质(D)A．是非晶体B．在t1时刻是固态C．在t2时刻是液态D．在t2时刻正放热5．如图所示，用水平推力F将质量均为m的木块A、B压在竖直墙面上保持静止，下列说法正确的是(B)A．木块B受到的摩擦力大小一定等于FB．木块B受到的摩擦力方向竖直向上C．木块A受到墙面的摩擦力大小等于mgD．若增大力F，则木块B受到的摩擦力变大6．如图所示电路中，电源电压为18V且恒定不变，灯泡L标有”6V3W”的字样，灯丝的电阻保持不变，滑动变阻器R铭牌上的规格是”100Ω1A”，电流表所用量程为0～0.6A，电压表所用量程为0～15V.该电路工作时，要求各元件均安全．闭合开关，在滑动变阻器滑片P滑动过程中，下列判断正确的是(D)A．电压表的示数变化范围是3～6VB．电流表的示数变化范围是0.25～0.6AC．滑动变阻器允许接入电路的阻值范围是18～100ΩD．该电路消耗的最大功率是最小功率的2倍7．为便于研究，某健身器材中训练拉力部分的机械结构可简化为如图所示的滑轮组．若不计摩擦，下列有关分析正确的是(C)A．两个滑轮在装置中起的作用相同B．拉力移动的距离与配重上升的距离相同C．沿方向1与2匀速拉动配重，所用的力大小相等D．将配重提升相同高度，用该装置与直接提升所做的功相等二、填空题(本大题7小题，每空1分，共21分)8．如图为一辆正在匀速行驶喷射水雾的环保车，它的动能减小(选填”增大””减小”或”不变”)．水雾喷出后一会儿就消失了，其中发生的物态变化是汽化，此过程需要吸热．第8题图第9题图第10题图9．当妈妈做饭时，我们隔得很远都能闻到饭菜的香味，这属于扩散现象，如图所示迅速向下压活塞，筒内的气温升高，这是通过做功方式增大空气的内能的，与内燃机的压缩冲程相同．10．如图所示，乘飞机时禁止使用移动电话通话，是因为使用移动电话通话时电磁波会干扰飞机正常的导航通讯，对飞机安全构成很大的威胁．平时我们使用手机通话是将声信号转化为电信号．11．如图所示的电路中，电源电压恒定．R0是定值电阻，闭合开关S，向右移动滑动变阻器滑片P的过程中，三个电表示数的变化情况为：电流表的示数变小，电流表的示数变小，电压表的示数不变．第11题图第12题图12．如图所示，GMR是一个巨磁电阻，其阻值随磁场的增强而急剧减小，当闭合开关S1和S2时，小磁针N极指向右端，则电磁铁的左端为N 极，电源右端为正极．要使指示灯变亮，滑动变阻器的滑片应向左滑动．13．如图所示，电源电压为6V，R为”30Ω0.25A”滑动变阻器，R1为”10Ω0.3A”电阻，R2为”20Ω0.4A”电阻，电压表量程为0～3V.①闭合S1和S2，断开S3时，调节R，使其接入电路的阻值为10Ω，此时电路消耗的电功率为 1.2W；②断开S1，闭合S2、S3，调节R，使电压表的示数为1V，则R接入电路的阻值为6Ω；③闭合所有开关，在保证电路安全的前提下，电阻R2消耗的电功率范围为0.45～1.25W ．14．2019年12月17日，我国第二艘航母正式服役，中国进入双航母时代．该航母满载时排水量是67 000t，吃水深度(海面到船底的距离)为10m，该航母在海上满载航行时受到的浮力是 6.7×108N，此时航母底部受到海水的压强为 1.03×105Pa(海水的密度ρ＝1.03×103kg/m3，g＝10N/kg)．当航母在全速航行时，两侧护卫舰必须与其保持一定距离，因为靠得太近，它们之间水的流速大，压强小，容易发生相撞事故．三、作图题(共7分)15．(1)完成光路图，根据图中的入射光线或折射光线作出相应的折射光线或入射光线．(2)甲是一款水管扳手钳，用它夹水管时，AOB部分可视为一个杠杆，其简化示意图如图乙所示．请在图乙中画出：(1)阻力F2的力臂l2.(2)杠杆平衡时，作用在B点的最小动力F1及其力臂l1.(3)请在如图所示的括号中分别标出小磁针静止时该端的磁极名称和电源该端的”＋”或”－”极．四、实验题(本大题3小题，共20分)16．(1)体温计是根据水银的热胀冷缩的性质制成的，一支使用过但没有甩过的体温计，读数停留在36.8℃，被误用来测量病人的体温，若体温计读数如图所示，则病人实际体温是37.8℃，该体温计的分度值为0.1℃.(2)甲、乙、丙三位同学在用量筒测液体体积时，读数情况如图所示，其中乙同学的读数方法正确，量筒中液体的体积为60mL.甲同学读数偏大，丙同学读数偏小．(3)在烧杯中加入盐水，将铜片和锌片放在盐水中，这就是一个电池．试着用电压表测量这个自制电池的电压，其现象如图所示，这个电池的电压是0.4V，铜金属片是电池的正极．17．在探究”影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素”的实验中，装置如图所示，铝块和木块的外形相同，一端带有定滑轮的长木板固定不动，铝块通过细线与弹簧测力计相连．(忽略滑轮的摩擦)(1)图甲中，将铝块放在水平木板上，竖直向上拉测力计，当铝块沿水平方向做匀速直线运动时，铝块所受滑动摩擦力大小等于测力计的示数F1，则F1＝ 1.6 N.(2)比较甲、乙两次实验，可以得出：在接触面粗糙程度相同时，压力越大，滑动摩擦力越大．(3)图乙实验完成后，利用原有器材，还可进一步探究滑动摩擦力大小与接触面粗糙程度的关系，请你简要说明实验方案：将木块与铝块互换位置，重复实验，比较两次弹簧测力计的示数 .(4)请你判断：图丙中，铝块水平运动时所受滑动摩擦力等于(选填”大于””等于”或”小于”)图甲中铝块所受滑动摩擦力．18．如图所示，小华同学用”伏安法”测量电阻R x的电阻．(1)如图甲所示是小华连接的实物连接图，请你用笔画线代替导线，替他把电路连接完整．(2)闭合开关前，图甲中滑动变阻器的滑片P应位于右(选填”左”或”右”)端．(3)设计的实验表格如下表，表格中，①处应填写电阻的平均值/Ω .实验次数电流/A 电压/V 电阻/Ω123①乎不动，电压表示数约为电源电压，故障原因是 R x 断路 ．(5)排除故障后，进行第1次实验．当滑动变阻器的滑片移至某一位置时，电压表、电流表的示数如图乙所示，此时R x 的阻值为 5 Ω.(6)若在实验中，电压表不能使用，滑动变阻器的最大阻值为R 0，当滑片P 置于最左端时，电流表的示数为I 1，滑片P 置于最右端时，电流表示数为I 2，则未知电阻的表达式为 I 2R 0I 1－I 2． 五、计算题(本大题2小题，共13分)19．随着人们生活水平的不断提高，轿车走进了千家万户．如图所示的轿车，人与车的总质量为1.5t.轿车行驶过程中受到的阻力恒为人与车总重的0.1倍，每个轮胎与地面的接触面积始终为 2.5×10－3m 2.当轿车在平直路面上高速行驶时，由于车身上下表面空气流速不同，对车身产生压力差，压力差F 与车速v 的关系如下表格所示．求：(g 取10N/kg)速度v (km/h)60 80 100 120 140 压力差F (N) 170 280 500 800 1 200 (1)轿车以(2)轿车在行驶20km 的过程中，它克服阻力所做的功．(3)若考虑车速对压力差的影响，轿车以100km/h 的速度匀速行驶，此时轿车对平直路面产生的压强为多少？解：(1)由v ＝s t得，轿车匀速直线行驶0.5h 通过的路程：s ＝v t ＝80km/h ×0.5h ＝40km (2)轿车受到的阻力：f ＝0.1G ＝0.1m 总g ＝0.1×1.5×103kg ×10N/kg ＝1.5×103N 克服阻力做的功：W ＝fs ＝1.5×103N ×20 000m ＝3×107J(3)考虑车速对压力差的影响，轿车以100km/h 的速度匀速行驶，由表格可知，压力差为500N.对地面的压力：F ＝G －F 差＝1.5×104N －500N ＝14 500N轿车对平直路面产生的压强：p ＝F S ＝14 500N 4×2.5×10－3m2＝1.45×106Pa20．一新款节能电炖锅如图甲所示，有关技术参数如下表(设电炖锅不同挡位的电阻和加热效率均不变)．额定电压电炖锅挡位 额定功率/W 220V 低温 200 中温400 高温600(1)求电炖锅在高温挡正常工作时的电流(计算结果保留一位小数)．(2)在用电高峰期，关掉家里的其他用电器，只让处于中温挡状态的电炖锅工作，观察到标有”1 800r/(kW·h)”的电能表在121s 内转了20圈，求此时的实际电压．(3)电炖锅正常工作时，用低温挡和高温挡分别给质量相同的冷水加热，待水温达到50℃时开始计时，绘制的水温随时间变化的图像如图乙所示，结合所给信息，通过计算，分析比较用高温挡还是低温挡更节能．解：(1) 高温挡正常工作时的电流：I 高＝P 高U 额＝600W 220V ≈2.7A (2)由P ＝U 2R 可知，电炖锅中温挡时的电阻：R 中＝U 2额P 中＝（220V ）2400W ＝121Ω 121s 消耗的电能：W 实＝20r 1 800r kW ·h ＝190×3.6×106J ＝4×104J 实际功率：P 实＝W 实t ＝4×104J 121s ＝4×104121W由P ＝U 2R可知，实际电压：U 实＝P 实R 中＝4×104121W ×121Ω＝200V (3)高温挡工作6min 消耗的电能： W 高＝P 高t 高＝600W ×6×60s ＝2.16×105J水升高温度：Δt ＝70℃－50℃＝20℃低温挡工作9min 消耗的电能：W 低＝P 低t 低＝200W ×9×60s ＝1.08×105J水升高的温度：Δt ′＝58℃－50℃＝8℃因为W 高＝2W 低，Δt ＞2Δt ′，所以使用高温挡更节能．六、综合能力题(本大题3小题，共18分)21．如图所示是一个自制密度秤，其外形与杆秤类似．装秤钩的B 处吊着一个体积为50cm 3、密度为6g/cm 3的均匀合金块，提纽位于O 处，质量为100g 的秤砣放在A 处时，秤杆恰好水平平衡(图甲)．把合金块浸没在待测密度的液体中时，移动秤砣便可直接在杆上读出液体的密度．(1)在图示甲位置平衡时，整个装置的总重心位于 O 处 (选填”A 处””O 处”或”AO 之间的某一位置”)．(2)当测量水的密度时，将合金块浸没在水中，秤砣移到C 处时密度秤水平平衡，如图乙所示。
河南省2019-2020最新中招模拟试题（三）注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，六个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上。
答在试卷上的答案无效。
一、听力理解（共三节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
( )1. What program does Wang Li like best?A.The Same Song.TV News.C.Animal World.( )2. What does the woman like to do?A.Watch TV.B.Watch a movie.C.Play computer games.( )3. What’s the woman’s favourite kind of music?A.Pop music.B.Folk song.C.Classical music.( )4. How often does the woman watch The Same Song?A.She never watches it.B.She watches it sometimes.C.She watches it every Friday evening.( )5. Where will Alice go on Saturday?A.Go to the museum.B.Go to France.C.Go to the party.第二节听下面几段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两个小题。
( )6.Linda’s birthday is .A.June 16thB.July 25thC.June 25th( )7.Linda likes .A.readingB.shoppingC.painting听下面一段对话，回答第8至9两个小题。
新高考语文模拟试卷3（附答案）一、现代文阅读（35 分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5 小题，19 分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5 题。
材料一：在当今数字化时代，虚拟现实（VR）技术正逐渐改变着我们的生活方式和体验。
VR 技术通过创建逼真的虚拟环境，让用户沉浸其中，获得身临其境的感受。
从娱乐领域来看，VR 游戏为玩家带来了全新的游戏体验。
玩家可以在虚拟世界中尽情探索、冒险，感受前所未有的刺激和乐趣。
此外，VR 电影也在逐渐兴起，观众可以坐在家中，通过VR 设备欣赏到仿佛置身于电影院的视听效果。
在教育领域，VR 技术也有着广阔的应用前景。
学生可以通过VR 技术参观历史遗迹、探索自然景观，更加直观地学习知识。
同时，VR 技术还可以用于职业培训，让学员在虚拟环境中进行模拟操作，提高技能水平。
然而，VR 技术的发展也面临着一些挑战。
一方面，VR 设备的价格较高，限制了其普及程度。
另一方面，目前的VR 技术在画面质量、交互性等方面还有待提高。
材料二：人工智能（AI）技术在近年来取得了飞速发展，对各个行业产生了深远的影响。
在医疗领域，AI 技术可以辅助医生进行疾病诊断。
通过对大量医疗数据的分析，AI 系统能够快速准确地识别疾病特征，为医生提供诊断建议。
此外，AI 技术还可以用于医疗影像分析、药物研发等方面。
在交通领域，AI 技术可以实现智能交通管理。
通过对交通流量的实时监测和分析，AI 系统可以优化交通信号控制，提高道路通行效率。
同时，AI 技术还可以用于自动驾驶汽车的研发，为人们的出行带来更大的便利和安全。
但是，AI 技术的发展也带来了一些担忧。
例如，AI 技术可能会导致部分工作岗位的消失，引发就业问题。
此外，AI 技术的安全性也备受关注，一旦AI 系统被黑客攻击，可能会带来严重的后果。
1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3 分）A.VR 技术和AI 技术都在各自的领域取得了飞速发展，给人们的生活带来了极大的便利。
张家界市2023年初中毕业学业考试模拟检测试卷(3)语文注意事项:1．本卷为试题卷，考生应在答题卡上作答，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
2．本试卷共三道大题，总分100分，总时量120分钟。
一、积累与运用。
（22分）1．下面是某同学做的字音字形梳理记录，其中有错误的一项是（）（2分）A．注意纠正形声字的误读，比如“粗犷（kuànɡ）”应读成“粗犷（ɡuǎnɡ）”，“炽（chì）热”应读成“炽（zhì）热”。
B．注意纠正多音字的误读，比如“掺和（hé）”应读成“掺和（huo）”，“称（chènɡ）职”应读成“称（chèn）职”。
C．注意纠正音同或形近造成的误写，比如“取决”不能写成“取诀”，“慷慨”不能写成“慷概”。
D．注意纠正成语字形的误写，比如“浑为一谈”应写成“混为一谈”，“契而不舍”应写成“锲而不舍”。
2．下列各句中，加点的词语使用恰当的一句是（）（2分）A．2013年，广州恒大足球队问鼎亚冠联赛，结束了中国俱乐部足球队二十余年无缘亚洲冠军的局面，这对处于低谷之中的中国足球来说弥足珍贵．．．．。
B．随着4G时代的到来，国产智能手机纷纷登堂入室．．．．，截至今年第一季度，联想、华为、中兴和小米等品牌手机在全球市场已占有三分之一的份额。
C．近两年，我国发明专利申请和授权的数量快速增长，专利申请质量蒸蒸日上．．．．，这表明我国专利申请结构进一步优化，自主创新能力进一步增强。
D．去年我国电子商务交易总额高达10万亿元，其中网络商品零售额超过了1.8万亿元，凭此成绩，我国当仁不让．．．．地跃居全球网络商品零售榜首。
3．下面一段话有语病的一句是（）（2分）①读书是年轻人心智培养、性格塑造、人生引导的重要途径。
②阅读电子书也好，阅读纸质书也罢，尽管形式不同，但可以殊途同归，关键是要把读者拉回到读书活动中来。
③我们应客观全面地看待电子阅读的兴起，在电子阅读和传统阅读之间正确取舍，使之达到共生共荣、相互补充的目的。
阅读三模拟试卷A及答案《阅读三》模拟试卷一考试形式：闭卷考试时间：120分钟I. Vocabulary (15%)Directions: For each underlined part, choose the best meaning below. Then mark corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.Don?t compound your mistake by lying to the police.A complicateB simplifyC repeatD confront2.Their attempt to recapture Calais was foiled by a traitor.A discoveredB thwartedC helpedD disagreed3.The passage across to Belfast was very rough.A corridorB articleC excerptD journey4.I admire their enterprise in trying to start up a new business.A boldnessB entranceC companyD entertainment5.They invented a weapon that would be devastating against truck convoys.A protectiveB defensiveC destructiveD successive6.They roamed around the fields in complete forgetfulness of the time.A wandered with no very clear purposeB walked with difficultyC walked with a fixed purposeD walked with smile7.Virtually all the members were in agreement with the proposal.A SurprisinglyB VerticalC ClearlyD Nearly8.The development of beach resorts forced the Hawaiian geese out of their habitat.A habitB natural homeC peaceful lifeD habitant9.Marriage is seen as the culmination of a successful relationship.A beginningB middleC climaxD late10.Our local bus and rail complement each other very well.A cooperate withB compete withC supply what is lacking inD take away from11.His insensitive speech provoked an angry reaction.A receivedB predictedC preventedD caused12.The school is open to all irrespective of race, color or creed.A with regard toB regardless ofC as regardsD regarding13.Janet tried to whip up some interest in the idea.A loseB takeC arouseD beat14.Do you know the deleterious effects of being exposed to radiation?A mysteriousB injuriousC erasingD fatal15.John did not enjoy his vacation because he continued to think about the impendingexams.A pastB finalC comingD earlyII. Words Transformation. (10%)Directions: Use the appropriate form of the word given in the brackets to fill in the corresponding blank.1.My first ______ was to be a fireman. (ambitiously)2.They succeeded in achieving their goal through sheer ______ . (determine)3.The actress ______ to sign the contract for the new Hollywood movie only aftershe had read through it carefully. (agreeable)4.He was so embarrassed by the _______ that he turned bright red and disappearedinto the restaurant?s kitchen. (collide)5.Mary gave Helen a bouquet of flowers as an _______ of appreciation for herwarm hospitality. (expressive)6.Franklin?s writings contain many _________ to the reader. (admonish)7.The injured child was taken to a _________. (clinical)8.His scornful ________ was very irritating. (deride)9.Benjamin Franklin was an _______ scientist, inventor, and statesman.(inspiration)10.An _______ student may receive a scholarship to one of New England?s.(industry)Part III. Cloze (15%)Directions: Each blank in the following passage is provided with four possible choices. Read the whole passage and choosethe best answer for each blank.In the 19th century, it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea were unlimited. For example, a famous biologist said 1________ the mid 1800s that resources of the sea were inexhaustible (用之不竭的). Today there?s 2________ that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as 3________ of the land and the air. 4________, the threat to fish is greater 5________ than the threat to birds and land animals because fish are a 6________ needed food resource. Many people throughout the world 7________ fish as an important part of their food and a reduction 8________ the fish supply could have wide 9________ on hunger and population. Fishermen in the Atlantic, every year, get 20 billion pounds of fish to 10________ food demands. But it is important to 11________ that these practices can not continue with the using up of the fish resource within the next few years.Sea resources are 12________ declining in many parts of the world and the problem cannot be 13________. It is only 14________ care and planning in this generation 15________ the food supplies of the sea can continue for future generation.1. A. on B. in C. at D. by2. A. fact B. evidence C. event D. trend3. A. that B. those C. which D. what4. A. Furthermore B. Regardless of C. Fortunately D. In addition to5. A. by the way B. under way C.to such an extent D. in some way6. A. many B. as C. much D. such7. A. apply B. utilize C. depend on D. look8. A. for B. at C. in D. on9. A. effects B. results C. affects D. significance10. A. provide B. present C. supply D. meet11. A. refer B. represent C. recognize D. reveal12. A. frequently B. almost C. rapidly D. effectively13. A. considered B. adapted C. ignored D. acquired14. A. with B. under C. along D. by15. A. in which B. by which C. in this way D. thatIV. Reading Comprehension. (60%)Directions: Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneIt was a pretty good year for our market strategists, but C. Kim Goodwin was the best. The chief inv estment officer for equities at Boston?s State Street Research &Management Co. figured that, with corporate profits rising and the economic recovery taking root, 2004 stock market gains would be moderate. But she didn?t expect that the big rally would come only after the Presidential election. “We had four quarters in a row of more than 20% corporate profit [growth], so I was surprised the markets weren?t moving,” she says.The market sure didn?t catch up with her. Goodwin topped 65 other strategists in Bu sinessWeek’s 500-stock index, and the NASDAQ Composite. When we called the winner on Dec. 3, she was 1% over the Dow, 0.75% over the S&P, and less than 0.1% off the NASDAQ. She beat a prescient bunch: 35 others came within 5% overall.Goodwin, 45, doesn?t latch on to companies with a nice story to tell, favoring metrics such as inventory levels and per-customer revenue to arrive at unemotional investment decisions. That philosophy helped as she cut her teeth as a technology analyst with Mellon Bank after masters degrees in business and public affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. It also helped that she “likes roller coasters,” she says.Indeed, it has been a something of a winding road for the Omaha native, whose first exposure to the financial worl d came by watching Louis Rukeyser?s TV show as a kid. She went to Princeton University in the …70s thinking she might become an architect. It was there she first learned about investing after getting involved in a student group urging the university to div est businesses with ties to South Africa?s then-apartheid regime from its portfolio. “I really learned to do investment research as an undergrad looking through annual reports,” Goodwin says. Must have worked: She ended up a regular guest on Rukeyser?s sho w.Goodwin?s crystal ball shows a more subdued year ahead, as inflationary pressures, exacerbated by a weak dollar, could hinder growth. “I think that [the yearend rally] will extend through the first quarter of 2005,” she says. “But then I?m alittle conc erned that as interest rates pick up, you can see that recovery sputter a bit.” She calls for a Dow finish of 10,900, 1,250 for the S&P, and 2,210 for the NASDAQ. That?s near the low end of the market forecasters we polled this year. But she?s simply going where the numbers tell her to.1.The passage is mainly about______.A.Kim Goodwin?s market forecast for 2004B.Kim Goodwin, winner of the 2004 market forecastC.Kim Goodwin?s market forecast for 2005D.2004 stock market gains in the U.S.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Goodwin?s education.B.Goodwin?s work experience.C.Goodwin?s family life.D.Goodwin?s age.3. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A.Goodwin?s 2004 market forecast for the NASDAG was only a little more thanthe actual levelB.Goodwin?s 2004 market forecast for the NASDAG was only a little less thanthe actual levelC.has been a market strategist for many yearsD.Goodwin once worked as an architect4.When did Goodwin first have any idea about the financial world?A.During the years when she worked with Mellon Bank.B.When she studied business at the University of Texas at Austin.C.When she watched Louis Rukeyser?s TV show in her childhood.D.When she studied at Princeton University.5.Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph?A.According to Goodwin?s forecast, stock market gains for the coming yearwill be moderate.B.Goodwin?s market forecast for the coming year will be more accurate.C.The first quarter of 2005 will still see rise of shares in thestock market.D.Both A and C.Passage TwoChina?s securities regulator is poised to shake up the country?s struggling capital markets by reducing the state?s huge shareholdings in listed companies.A senior official at the China Securities Regulatory Committee was quoted by Xinhua news agency as saying it was time to launch a pilot programme for selling some of the state?s shareholdings. The official declined to be named but Xinhua said he was one of the regulator?s four deputy chairmen.The comments follow intense speculation in the Chinese media in recent weeks that the government was on the verge of announcing a scheme to reduce itsnon-traded equity holdings, which are equivalent to about 70 per cent of the shares of China?s listed companies.The huge overhang of state shares has been one of the chief causes of the three-year fall in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets, which is making it harder for Chinese companies to raise funds and is weighing on the vulnerable financial system. Shanghai and Shenzhen have a combined market value of Rmb3,377bn ($408m).The economy had near doubt-digit growth last year but the Shanghai composite index fell 15 per cent, making it the worst performer among big stock markets. The index has dropped a further 3.7 per cent this year, nearing six-year lows.The proposal to sell state holdings has been fiercely debated in the Chinese government for a number of years, pitting the reformist regulators at the CSRC against other Beijing officials who were reluctant to see the state lose control of manycompanies.An earlier CSRC plan would have used the proceeds from share sales to fund the pension system, which is facing a crisis.Previous plans have been abandoned after investors? fears of a glut of new tradable shares led to sharp falls in the stock market. In theory, unwinding the non-tradeable state shares could lead to more than a doubling of the number of new shares on the market.Some analysts believe that any new plan will inevitably push the market down further. According to recent media reports, the regulators are considering a pilot scheme involving three to five companies to gauge the market reaction. However, investors remain unclear about what proportion of the shares would be sold and at what rate.The CSRC has announced a series of measures in recent months to try to boost the stock market, whose performance has prompted mounting protests from the hundreds of thousands of retail investors who have lost money.In order to boost demand for shares, the government has allowed insurance companies to buy equities and also permitted commercial banks to set up fund management businesses. It has also halved the tax on stock transactions. However, most analysts believe the market will not recover in the long term until the state shares issue has been resolved.6.What does the passage focus on?A.China?s Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets.B.Reduction of the state?s non-tradeable shares of listed companies.C.The reasons why China?s stock markets have been bearish for years.D.The measures adopted by CSRC to boost the stock markets.7.What can we say safely about China?s listed companies?A.Most of them are not worthy to be invested.B.Most of them are well worth investing.C.Most of their shares are not tradeable.D.Most of their shares are tradeable.8.What do Beij ing officials think of reduction of the state?s share-holdings?A.They think it will help fund the pension system.B.They all think it may lead to the loss of the state control of many companies.C.They are divided in the issue of reduction of the state?s share-holdings.D.No correct answer can be given according to the passage.9.What do most analysts think of the state shares issue?A.They think it is the major reason why China?s stock markets have beenfalling for years.B.They think that any new plan concerning the reduction will cause the marketto drop further.C.They think the market will recover after the state shares issue has beenresolved.D.They think unwinding the non-tradeable state shares could lead to more thana doubling of the number of new shares on the market.10.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.China?s securities regulator is planning to reduce the state?s share-holdings inlisted companies.B.The potential reduction of the state?s share-holdings is considered one of themajor reasons why China?s stock markets have been bearish for years.C.The Shanghai composite index is nearing six-year lows.D.The government has halved the dividend tax to boost demand for shares. Passage ThreeThe emergence of Internet classifieds sites such as /doc/041402476.html,.au are offering recruiters an alternative to expensive newspaper advertising.It?s a choice that job seekers are quick to take advantage of: nearly a quarter of Australian Internet users say they will “probably” or “definitely” apply for a job online in the next six months (a recent survey by APT Strategies).There are a number of compelling reasons for recruiting online, says SEEK Communications CEO Paul Bassat.“It cuts advertising costs –all available vacancies can be published on the webfor a fraction of the cost of adverting in print.The medium is extremely measurable, so you can track how well the advertisingis working.Communication is faster, thanks to automatic email and the ability to applyonline.”GO ON-LINEPaul Bassat?s advice for recruiters and HR professionals is to get online. “Hands-on is the way to understand that the Internet is not …like TV? or …like newspapers? –or any other medium. It?sdynamic, immediate and interactive.“If familiar with the Internet and what it al lows you to do, you?ll understand what you – as an Internet user –like and don?t like.“Have a look at what your competitors are up to and keep in touch with whatleading edge HR and recruitment services in the US are doing on the web.“Advertising vacanci es on the Internet means you can interact with candidates in new ways. Instead of waiting for candidates to come to the ads, companies can use functions like SEEK Job to send the ads to the candidates.“When an ad is posted on our site, the details are ema iled to candidates with matching work preferences in less than 24 hours,” says Paul Bassat. “Job Mail is an incredibly powerful tool.”Candidates can find out more about interesting vacancies by following hyperlinks back to a comprehensive description on the web. They can then apply online, sending their application to the recruiter within minutes.“We?ve heard lots of stories from candidates and clients about how fast this system can work,” says Paul Bassat. “There are no deadli nes on the Internet; ads can be published any time, day or night. Candidates can search for jobs any time it?s convenient.”Many recruitment companies have responded to the growth of the Internet by developing their own websites. This can be a useful part of an Internet strategy, but it?s no substitute for advertising on aggregate sites. “Most recruiting firms won?t have enough jobs to attract a great deal of traffic,” says PaulBassat. But “SEEK is attracting more than 10,000 job seekers a day, because of the range and number of vacancies we publish on behalf of clients around Australia. We have invested in high impact marketing campaigns, on-line and off, to bring candidates to the site.”KEY QUESTIONSWhen evaluating Internet job websites, here are some of the key issues to consider.What are your needs? Will a specialist site or a generalist site appeal to a widerange of candidates?How much traffic does the site attract?Is the site relevant and appealing to the Australian market?Will cost structures be packaged to suit your requirements?Does the site use push technology (eg “Job Mail”) to advise interested candidatesof your vacancies?Can you access candidate resumes?Does the service aggressively promote itself to candidates?Does the level of customer service meet your expectations?11. Who are the supposed audience of this passage?A.Job seekers.B.Random website visitors.C.Recruiters and job seekers.D.General public.12. What advice does Paul Bassat give to recruiters?A.To access the website anytime of the day.B.To set up their own websites.C.To go online.D.To advertise the vacancies both online and in other media.13. Which of the following is NOT included as an advantage of recruitment on theInternet?A.It is less expensive.B.It is more successful.C.It is quicker.D.It is interactive.14. Recruiting on the Internet is dynamic in that ______.A.one can keep in touch with other competitorsB.one can apply for different jobs at one timeC.a business can publicize its vacancies by sending ads to candidatesD.a business may spot the most suitable persons for the vacancies by email15. The main purpose of this passage is to ______.` A. introduce Internet job websites to the general publicB. make a survey of Internet job websitesC. recommend SEEK to interested job seekersD. put forward some key issues in evaluating Internet job websitesPassage FourWhen Yong V oon Fee envisions the future world of business companies, he sees a series of Internet–based markets. There companies can go to source raw materials, tra ck the progress of orders they?ve placed and auction off excess inventory. And with each transaction, Singapore-based Bex. com, one of the Asia?s leading operators of electronic market places, rings up revenue.“The companies that own those market places will be in a very strong position,” says Yong, /doc/041402476.html,?s founder and chiefexecutive officer. “We?re already a first-mover in Asia.” So strong, in fact, that three-year old /doc/041402476.html, is arguably Singapore?s hottest Internet firm. It is preparing for a Nasdaq listing later this year, and Yong doesn?t mind mentioning that /doc/041402476.html,?s latest valuation is half a billion dollars. He estimates 1999 revenue at just under $30 million, though like most Internet entrepreneurs, he?s far from seeing a profit./doc/041402476.html,?s rise reflects that dawning realization that most money to be made on the Internet will come not from retail but from transactions among businesses, called business-to-business or b2b. “Taiwan is basically in a b2b e-commerce frenzy right now and Japan will fol low soon,” says Yong.The main reason for the enthusiasm is that b2b saves companies time and money. Orders can be confirmed instantaneously, allowing everyone up and down a supply chain to respond quickly to market shifts and carry smaller inventories. Of course, individual companies can always put their own supply chains on the Internet, but joining an on-line market place means the overhead is shared and someone else worries about keeping up with the latest technology.Asia is already awash with Web sites that offer to help businesses find suppliers./doc/041402476.html, goes much further by providing a one-stop financial service, including the means to place confidential orders and make secure electronic payments. In July, Dutch bank ABN Amro signed on to provide global banking services for /doc/041402476.html,market places.“Sourcing is fine, but business will not blossom until you can transact,” says Yong. “That?s why we got banks on board early. Business requires payment mechanisms as well as a meeting place.”/doc/041402476.html, also has local banks and telecoms companies as partners in its b2b electronic market places in Singapore and Taiwan. The Taiwan hub got its start last year when Tatung, a diversified electronics company, agreed to join, bringing its many suppliers with it. Yong expects revenue of more than $1 million annually from T atung?s participation alone./doc/041402476.html, is developing yet another marketplace in Japan, and plans to announce a major Japanese partner shortly. Yong also is seeking strategic partners in Europe and the U.S. He says /doc/041402476.html, has 15,000 customers worldwide, mostly small North Asian businesses but also major international manufacturers –including about 30 global Fortune 500 companies. “We need to capture more,” he says.Blue-Chip BackersThe Malaysian-born Yong, 31, began developing his on-line trading system while completing a master?s degree in computer science at the University of Wisconsin in the U.S. He set up business in Singapore and finished developing his software with a grant from the Singapore government. Then he rounded up an impressive group of investors including Intel of the U.S., the Koos Group of Taiwan and Singapore?s DBS Bank and Temasek Holdings.His strategy is to outsource infrastructure and non-core services whenever possible. For example, Bex com?s operationsrun on computer servers at Intel Online Services? huge data center in Santa Clara, California.Although b2b e-commerce is just taking off, the competition is already fierce - especially in the huge U.S. market, where companies such as Commerce One are well-established. Yong hopes to raise /doc/041402476.html,?s profile partly by buying U.S. companies that already link major buyers with their suppliers using pre-Internet technology called electronic data interchange, or EDI, networks. That way, /doc/041402476.html, can gain their customer bases.But nothing creates buzz like a Nasdaq listing. “Funding is not an issue,” says Yong. “We just need to make our presence felt in the U.S. and Europe.”16. Which of the following has nothing to do with /doc/041402476.html,?A.Dutch bank ABN Amro.B.The University of Wisconsin.C.Singapore DBS Bank.D.The Koos Group of Taiwan.17. /doc/041402476.html, ______.A.is the first Internet in AsiaB.has already found a partner in its b2b in JapanC.was founded by Yong three years agoD.is world-famous now18.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.In Asia there are many Web sites that want to help businesses to find suppliers.B.The advantage of b2b is both time-saving and economicalfor companies.C.Like most internet entrepreneurs, Yong hasn?t made any prof its yet.D.Business-to-business is very popular in Taiwan and Japan now.19.Bex. com?s customers are ______.A.mostly small businesses from North AsiaB.from about 30 international manufacturersC.from thirty Fortune 500 companies in the worldD.Both A and C20.We can learn from the passage that b2b e-commerce ______.A.is something newB.has little competitionC.appeals to small businesses onlyD.will be short-livedPassage FiveIf you?re a small-company owner, how can you compete with Web-based firms? Start by studying your competition on the Web. Then figure out how you can improve service and add value for customers. Specifically, technology author Evan I. Schwartz suggests that you:Add value. The Web enables people to become informed consumers, providing them with a wealth of information about products and services. So small companies must go beyond providing basic information and services. You must give consumers something that Web services can?t: firsthand expertise on your product or service: a great shopping experience; ongoing service and support; convenience; and a need to continue a relationship with your company.Play to your strengths. Companies may panic when threatened by a Web competitor. They may react by thinking they should compete by emulating what the Web c ompany is doing. But that plays into the Web company?s hands. Don?t copy your Web competitor. Compete on your terms. Develop a Web strategy that fits your business. Take what makes your business strong and unique and extend it to the Web. Strengthen your connection with customers.The Web is supposed to enable companies to do one-to-one marketing with customers. But small companies have been able to do that all along. Get to know what your customers want, and offer them personalized service.Specialize. Web competitors are going after the broadest audience possible. You can beat them by catering to a specialty niche or a particular interest group. If you?re a travel agent for example, try specializing in packages for groups, such as senior citizens or singles, or offer trips to exotic locales, or cater to traveler seeking adventure.Use the Internet. Even if your customers are local, you should have a Web site thattells people about your company and lets customers order products or schedule services. Send customers e-mail telling them what?s new at your store. The Internet can help a local company offer things that an online competitor can?t: a human touch. Following these tips won?t guarantee a small firm that it can compete successfully against a Web competitor, though. Your business may have a solid local following and a reputation for service and expertise, but you will find that it?s tough to compete with Web retailers who can entice customers with lower prices, better selection, and 24-hour availability.21. What is the passage mainly about?A.How to start a small business.B.Tips for a small company to compete with web-based companies.C.The advantages of web-based companies.D.Businesses and Internet.22. In the phrase “ongoing service and support” the word on going means ______.A. timelyA.on the spotB.continuousC.excellent23.Which of the following should a small company owner avoid?A.Providing the customer with more firsthand expertise on products or services.B.Making the customer feel it a pleasant experience to do business with you.C.Copying what the Web company is doing.D.Developing a Web strategy that fits your own business.24.What does a web-based firm lack?A.One-to-one marketing with customers.B.Availability of round-the-clock service.C.The broadest customers.D. A human touch.25.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.In order to compete successfully with Web companies, small companyowners should add more value to their products or services.B. A small local company should also make full use of the Internet.C.It is advisable for small companies to specialize in some business fields andoffer personalized services to their customers.D.Small companies can easily beat Web companies if they follow the tipsdescribed in the passage.Passage SixAs a producer of Shiraz varieties from the McLaren and Barossa regions, Michael Twelftree decided to export his Australian wines.“I used to send my customers in Asia, Europe and the United States regular e-mails to advise them of the latest offerings, but this proved to be a time consuming way to do business,” said Michael.He searched for an affordable and easy to use webpage solution. “I was staggered at the cost of webpage design and development –to the tune of around $20,000 –notwithstanding the ongoing monthly charge. Then I heard about the affordability and usability of IBM?s Home Page Creator (HPC) /doc/041402476.html,/hpc/aust.Can you believe in three days that I was up and running with a website that could handle secure credit card trans actions?”By expanding his export business to /doc/041402476.html,.a u and the global marketing provider, Michael experienced a 75% increase in turnover in the first three months. “In nine months I had trebled the volume of my orders.”“Instead of proceeding between the standard three to five orders per week, I?m now averaging between 15 to 20. Currently around 30% of my sales are to new customers who find my site。
2024年初三年级下学期第三次模拟考试语文试卷（全卷满分150分考试时间100分钟）2024.5一、古诗文（35分）（一）默写与运用（13分）1.无可奈何花落去，。
（晏殊《浣溪沙》）2. ，烟波江上使人愁。
（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）3.复行数十步，。
（陶渊明《桃花源记》）4.当我们在生活中遭遇困境，信心动摇时，可以用《<论语>十二章》中“，”鼓励自己坚持本心，坚定志向。
（二）阅读下面选文，完成第5—9题。
（22分）【甲】过零丁洋辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。
山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。
惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。
人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。
【乙】爱莲说水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。
晋陶渊明独爱菊。
自李唐来，世人甚爱牡丹。
予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖，中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。
予谓菊，花之隐逸者也；牡丹，花之富贵者也；莲，花之君子者也。
噫!菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。
莲之爱，同予者何人?牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣。
【丙】尚节亭记（节选）刘基古人植卉木而有取义焉者，岂徒为玩好而已。
会稽黄中立，好植竹，取其节也，故为亭竹间，而名之曰“尚节之亭”,以为读书游艺之所，澹乎①无营乎外之心也。
予观而喜之。
夫竹之为物，柔体而虚中，婉婉焉而不为风雨摧折者，以其有节也。
至于涉寒暑，蒙霜雪，而柯不改，叶不易，色苍苍而不变，有似乎临大节而不可夺之君子。
世衰道微，能以节立身者鲜矣。
中立抱材未用，而早以节立志，是诚有大过人者，吾又安得不喜之哉!【注释】①澹乎：恬静、安然的样子。
5.【甲】诗作者是南宋文学家（人名），【乙】文作者是（朝代）哲学家周敦颐。
（2分）6.下列各句中“为”字的释义各不相同，请作解释。
（4分）（1）岂徒为．玩好而已 ( )（2）故为．亭竹间 ( )（3）以为．读书游艺之所 ( )（4）婉婉焉而不为．风雨摧折者 ( )7.下列对【丙】文画直线的句子理解最恰当的一项是（）（3分）A.这的确是有远超过常人的地方。
《阅读三》模拟试卷四考试形式：闭卷考试时间：120分钟I. Vocabulary (15%)Directions: For each underlined part, choose the best meaning below. Then mark corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.Endless gossips on the newspaper widened the breach between the two rivals.A.conflictB. irritateC. breakD. quarrelnguage registers human thought in words.A.expressesB. showsC. integratesD. records3.The main plank in their election program is the promise to cut taxes.A.planB. policyC. a wooden boardD. trunk4.Her nervous behavior testifies to her guilt.A.deniesB. showsC. contradictsD. strengthens5.The houses in this colony were all identical.A. old-fashionedB. similarC. differentD. decorated6.She was a devout Catholic.A. devotedB. desiredC. piousD. enthusiastic7.By the grace of God the ship come safely home through the storm.A. gentleB. favorC. prayerD. elegance8.She did sincere penance for hurting her sister.A. self-respectB. self-criticismC. confessionD. voluntary self-punishment9.Today we will discuss the responsibilities appertaining to the chairmanship.A. interestingB. belongingC. appealingD. apparent10.She has run the whole gamut of human experience.A. regionB. rangeC. controlD. practice11.We lost the election because of the apathy of our supporters.A. emotionB. indifferenceC. sympathyD. deep love12.Manufacturing output has remained virtually static for twenty years.A. uninterestingB. steadyC. noisyD. changing13.Some young people are completely struck down by the stress of examination.A. emphasisB. pressureC. difficultyD. pleasure14.Since the contract was signed under illegal circumstances, we requested that it beannulled.A. cancelledB. discussed C changed D. rewritten15.Not many people actually understand the ramifications of these guidelines.A. purposesB. reasonsC. implicationsD. directionsII. Words Transformation. (10%)Directions: Use the appropriate form of the word given in the brackets to fill in the corresponding blank.1.Rain is a _________ in the desert. (rare)2.She made a very _________ comment. (perceive)3.Dancers in grass skirts move ______to music played on native Hawaiian instruments.(symbolize)4.She would hate to feel that she was ______ on anyone. (impose)5.Their ______ were fulfilled when the ship rounded a bend and magnificent Glacier Bay cameinto view. (expect)6.They ________ for a short time about the advantages of living in Los Angels.(conversational)7.Lisa dressed _______ for the long drive from Boston to Bangor. (comforting)8.He referred ______ to his great wealth. (casual)9.I am ______ to classical music. (partiality)10.He isn’t bad-tempered; he is as ______ as a lamb. (meekly)III.Cloze (15%)It was years 1______ visited my home town and I was 2______ to enjoy my stay.I went to see my old friend, Tom Clark, 3______ was a member of the Local Council. At the time Tom was busy 4______ arrangements for a distinguished writer to give a talk 5 ______ modern literature in the town library. As the subject interested me a great deal, I gladly 6______ Tom’s invitation to go with him.Tom was going to introduce the guest speaker 7______ that evening we went to the library to meet him. Since he 8 ______ I left Tom and went into the Reading Room9 ______ a large audience had already gathered. I was disappointed to find that I did not know a single person there. Just 10______ the talk was due to begin, I saw Tom 11______ to me from the doorway. I went to him immediately, 12 ______ he looked very worried. He explained that he had just received a telephone message from the writer’s secretary. Our guest speaker 13 ______ the train and would be unable to come. While we were thinking about the problem, Tom suddenly asked me if I would mind 14______ as speaker. I hardly had time to think about the matter 15 ______ I found I was being led into the Reading Room to address the waiting audience.1. A. since B. when C. for D. before2. A. determine B. being determined C. determining D. determined3. A. who B. which C. that D. when4. A. being made B. having made C. making D. to make5. A. on B. with C. for D. from6. A. received B. refused C. accepted D. rejected7. A. and B. yet C. but D. while8. A. had not arrived B. has not arrived C. didn’t arrive D. doesn’t arrive9. A. there B. where C. which D. that10. A. before B. after C. because D. then11. A. to wave B. was waving C. waving D. being waved12. A. when B. as C. but D. before13. A. had caught B. had missed C. caught D. missed14. A. acting B. to act C. having acted D. being acting15. A. after B. while C. before D. whenIV. Reading Comprehension. (60%)Directions: Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneHSBC, the world’s second largest bank, has warned 180,000 US customers that it will have to reissue their credit cards after fears that criminals may have gained access to personal details.The security scare affects holders of the General Motors GM Mastercard, which is only issued in the US. Customers in Europe and Asia are not affected.HSBC’s move was triggered by a security breach at a US retailer’s checko ut system, which allowed confidential details about customers’ credit cards to be disclosed.The scare is the latest example of lapses in security that have allowed customers’ details to be disclosed.Identity-theft losses to businesses and financial institutions totalled almost $48bn (£25bn) in the year to September 2003, according to a report by the US Federal Trade Commission. Credit card fraud is the most common form of reported identity theft, according to the agency.The US Senate has been hearing testimony from executives at LexisNexis, a database and information company owned by publishing company Reed Elsevier. LexisNexis has admitted that the personal details of 310,000 people had been improperly accessed since January 2003—it had earlier said the figure was only 30,000.In February Bank of America revealed that computer tapes containing the personal details of 1.2m US government employees had gone missing. The bank saidits missing tapes concerned employees who paid for work-related expenses using a SmartPay-branded Visa charge card that it administered.The information could include names, account numbers, addresses and possibly Social Security numbers. The Secret Service and the bank are investigating.In addition ChoicePoint, a data collection company, this month revealed criminals had gained access to the personal data of about 145,000 people.HSBC, based in the UK, said yesterday it had taken the precaution of writing to affected customers and sending out new credit cards free of charge. The bank said the extent of any potential fraud was not yet known.The case was unusual, the bank added. It did not believe US credit card issuers were any more vulnerable to security lapses than card issuers outside the US.Credit card fraud and identity theft is a growing global problem, with UK banks falling behind their peers when it comes to protecting customers from internet fraud.Some 11 out of 18 UK banks use a simple password and username details, which are repeated each time an online customer wants to access an account. Only a handful of banks use more sophisticated authentication systems.1.What measure has HSBC taken to stop theft?A.It has reported the case to the police.B.It has reissued new cards to the theft victims.C.It has issued cards to all its users worldwide.D.It has sent alert messages to all the users concerned.2.How did the identity theft occur?A.The owner’s wallet containing his personal information is lost or stolen.B.The thief is in possession of other people’s identity cardsC.The th ief got access to other people’s personal details through a checkoutsystem.D.The thief got other people’s personal information through a public database.3.According to the passage, a business, as well as a financial institution, is under theobligation to ______.A.be responsible for all the consequences of the theftB.probe into the case and report its development to the policeC.keep negative information about the business to itselfD.keep all its clients’ personal information strictly confidential4.The case was unusual in that ______. has become easy prey has become haven for hackersC.the theft happened only in USD.the theft has affected so many users5.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a security hole?A.Repeated requests for passwords and usernames for access to the Internet.B.Request for authentication for access to the Internet.C.Disclosing clients’ confidential information to outsiders.ing a password that is easy to breakPassage TwoIt was a first-ever for China's financial sector and a major step forward in banking reform. In a July 8 ceremony on the top floor of the 22-story China Construction Bank (CCB) headquarters in Beijing, financiers drank champagne toasts to a deal that paired Morgan Stanley with CCB, one of China's big four commercial banks, giving Morgan Stanley bragging rights as the first foreign bank to sign a direct joint venture to dispose of the mainland's nonperforming loans.For China, it's just the latest opportunity to leverage Western banking expertise to clean up a bad loan problem that Standard & Poor's says will cost $500 billion to clean up. "Through this cooperation, China Construction Bank will import and use Morgan Stanley's advanced techniques and experience," says Yang Xiaoyang, general manager of the special asset resolution department at CCB.For Morgan Stanley, the accord represents something more. It keeps the New York firm ahead of the competition. "This is part of a step-by-step development in the opening of China's marketplace," says Stephan F. Newhouse, chairman of Morgan Stanley International. The Wall Street bank has already spent nearly nine years jointly running China International Capital Corp. (CICC). That partnership with CCB made Morgan Stanley the only Western bank privileged to do deals in China until another got permission in April. Over the years, Morgan Stanley has played its China card aggressively. In November it advised on a $1.5 billion offering of China Telecommunications Corp. shares. And in January it helped with Anheuser-Busch Cos.' $182 million purchase of a larger stake in Tsingtao Brewery Co.But over the past 19 months, China has been opening its financial markets to comply with World Trade Organization commitments, and Morgan Stanley's rivals are forging deep links with local partners. They include French investment bank CLSA and Switzerland's UBS, which on July 9 was the first foreign bank to invest in China's domestic "A" share stock markets. (Morgan Stanley plans to sink as much as $300 million of client funds into A shares.) And Goldman, Sachs & Co., Morgan Stanley's strongest competitor in China, is already duking it out with Morgan Stanley in China. "China still holds all the promise," says Richard J.Gnodde, president and managing director of Goldman Sachs (Asia) LLC.G oldman has scored some big wins such as Nissan Motor’s $I billion purchase ofa 50% share of Dongfeng Motor Corp.Morgan Stanley's new bad loan deal has yet to be cleared by People's Bank of China, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, or the Ministry of Finance. A chief sticking point is what value will be put on the loans, most of them to state-run companies. "You are still not supposed to sell below book value," says one Western investment banker in China. "How do they get around that?"The China Construction Bank is asking the government for "trial permission"to sell the debt at less than par value, says John Langlois, president of Morgan Stanley Properties (China). Assuming that problem is worked out, the venture willbe set up as a 70%-30% joint operation, with Morgan Stanley holding the majority stake. It will take on a portfolio of 700 troubled loans to companies with a total book value of $519 million. Instead of liquidating borrowers' assets, the venture plans to help them remake themselves through a combination of debt restructuring, debt forgiveness, and refinancing. But if that doesn't work, it may have to rely on China's courts to sort things out.Morgan Stanley is pushing other deals. It aims to carry out initial public offerings for People's Insurance Co. of China and China Ping An Insurance Co. Its local property unit and Shanghai's Yong Ye Group have announced plans for a $90 million luxury residential complex in downtown Shanghai.Will the investment banks flooding into China make any money? There are a lot of doubters, at least for the near term. Be patient, says Newhouse. "China is a place to put one's bets for the next 25 years." The long march to true capital markets has started.6. What is the deal with China Construction Bank like to Morgan Stanley?A.It is a major step forward in helping China’s banks to reform.B.It has gained an edge in competition with other foreign financialinstitutions.C.It is a tentative step to explore the Chinese banking market which waspreviously off-limit to the outsiders.D.It is a great opportunity for revenue improvement.7. What commitment has Morgan Stanley made in the deal with CCB?A.It will provide banking expertise and Morgan Stanley’s techniques forCCB.B.It will take over all the bad loans CCB has been beset with.C.It will help CCB to do away with its bad loans.D.It will help CCB to restructure itself.8. Foreign businesses enter the Chinese market eagerly because ______.A.they wish to comply with the WTO commitmentsB.they wish to overtake their rivals in the new marketC. they wish to cash in on itD. they expect the market will become healthier9. What can be learnt from Para 5?A. Morgan Stanley can act in accordance with the international convention.B. Morgan Stanley’s decisions are subject to the appr oval of the Chineseauthorities concerned.C.Morgan Stanley’s decisions will be carried out regardless of the approvalof the Chinese authorities concerned.D. Morgan Stanley is free to do what it deems desirable.10. Which of the following is NOT Morgan Stanley’s option about CCB’s troubled loans?A. It will force the borrowers to declare bankruptcy.B. It will help borrowers to reform and reinvent their businesses.C. It will propose to discharge the borrowers of some of their debts.D. It will sue these borrowers in order to get its money back.Passage ThreeDOHA, Qatar (AP) – The World Trade Organization approved the membership of China on Saturday (Nov.10, 2001), bringing the world’s most populous country, with 1.2 billion consumers, firmly into the global marketplace.With a round of applause, trade ministers from almost all the WTO’s 142 members unanimously voted in favor of China’s application for membership, after more than 15 years of negotiations. China will become a full member 30 days after its parliament ratifies the agreement and informs the WTO. That may happen as soon as Sunday.The approval of once-isolated China was planned to give the WTO maximum publicity and to ensure that some positive news would come out of the meeting, which has the main aim of launching a new round of trade liberalization negotiations.On Sunday members are expected to admit Taiwan.―Both are already major influences in world trade. Their participation in the WTO will be a boost for us and them,‖ U.S. Trade Rep resentative Robert Zoellick told the plenary before the decision.French Finance Minister Laurent Fabius said the WTO could not be called a ―world‖ organization without the world’s most populous nation.―When a country as important as China decides to jo in the WTO, it means there is a new impetus toward the development of trade,‖ he told reporters.―We see China as very good partners … and I believe their entrance is definitely going to help us,‖ Nigerian Trade Minister Mustapha Bello said.China first applied to join the WTO’s predecessor, the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade, in 1986. Since then it has been negotiating terms of membership with its major trading partners and changing national and local laws to comply with WTO rules.After a fraught final two years of talks, WTO negotiators finally approved the deal in Geneva in September.China has made giant strides in opening its markets to become a major player in world trade, and the membership agreement commits it to continue dropping trade barriers over the next few years.Its membership in the WTO means it will have to open its markets to goods and services from other WTO members, but will also increase its export opportunities – a situation that its Asia neighbors especially regard with some apprehension.Terms for the admission of Taiwan were completed 18 months ago, but the final decision was delayed because of the 1992 understanding that China would be the first to join the body that sets rules on international trade. Taiwan was admitted into the body because it is a separate customs territory with different rules on importing goods. It will not be regarded as a country.Negotiators will now return to trying to agree on the issues for the launch of a new round of trade talks, conscious that they are under the spotlight after the failure of the last attempt, in Seattle in 1999.Those pushing for a new round said success would send a strong signal of confidence in the world economy and of solidarity in the aftermath of the terror attacks on the United States.―The world needs signs of hope,‖ Zoellick said.11. Which of the following is Not likely to happen after China enters the WTO?A.Promotion of economic globalization.B.Promotion of economic liberalization.C.Enhancement of consumer confidence in the world economy.D.Reversal of an economic depression after the Sept. 11th terrorist attack on the US.12. According to the passage, when will China become a full member of WTO?A.As soon as WTO approves its membership.B.As soon as WTO members vote favorably for it.C.After 15 years of negotiations.D.After the Chinese parliament approves the agreement.13. It can be learned from the passage that trade in China will ______ after it joins WTO.A.be more flexibleB.have a more diversified economyC.offer more chances to other WTO membersD.pose a threat to other Asian countries14. China’s membership in the WTO means that it has to do all of the following Except ______.A.adjusting its lawsB.reducing protective tariffsC.opening its market only to WTO membersD.obser ving WTO’s conventions on trade15. What can be learnt from the passage about trade talks among WTO members?A.They were expected to succeed at the Doha meetingB.They were also conducted at the Seattle conference.C.They would guarantee a recovery of the world economy.D.They would attract a great deal of attention.Passage FourDoha, Qatar (AP) —This week’s gathering of global trade ministers will not fall into the traps that led to the collapse of the Seattle conference, the head of the World Trade Organization said Thursday.―We have learned a lot out of Seattle,‖ WTO Director-General Mike Moor told reporters as ministers began arriving in Doha for the meeting, which begins Friday.Officials hope to launch a new round of trade liberalization talks, but the five-day meeting will have to overcome major differences among the 142 WTO members on issues such as agriculture, the environment and access to medicine.The talks are taking place amid heavy security. On Wednesday, a gunman opened fire on U.S. and Qatari soldiers guarding an air base in this Persian Gulf country. The soldiers shot and killed the gunman, whose motives remain unknown.Some trade delegations have expressed concern about safety in light of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks on the United States. The Qatari government supports the U.S. war on terrorism, but many ordinary Arabs oppose it, as well as the presence in Qatar of American troops involved in the campaign.The ministers’ goal in Doha is to agree on a joint declaration that will announce the issues they will tackle in the new round.Moore said the latest draft, drawn up by Hong Kong’s ambassador to the WTO, Stuard Harbinson, had left ministers with ―a balance of unhappiness.‖―There are those who feel we have gone too far and those who feel we haven’t gone far enough,‖ he said. ―But this isn’t an agreed document –it’s a basis for agreement.‖The meeting in Seattle in 1999 was also supposed to launch a new round, but it failed amid rioting by anti-globalization protesters and complaints by smaller and poorer countries that they had been left out of important discussions.This time, Moore said, the major talks will involve all ministers, with each permitted just two advisers so meetings can remain fairly small. The last trade round —the Uruguay Round completed in 1994 — committed members to reduce import tariffs and drop other barriers on a wide range of goods and services. Those talks also looked at new areas, including agriculture and intellectual property rights.The increasingly wide range of issues that can be included in trade talks has led to many of the disagreements.One issue that was partially responsible for the collapse in Seattle — U.S. insistence the talks should consider labor standards —looks very likely to be sidelined this time. But a new disagreement has arisen that pits the United States against developing nations.Poorer nations say they want wider powers to handle health crises such as the AIDS epidemic without being constrained by the WTO’s agreement on patent pr otection.The United States, supported by Switzerland, insists the agreement already has enough flexibility and countries do not need to go beyond it.Moore said this dispute was the one area where ―differences were so profound‖ the draft declaration did not even suggest a final wording.―I am hopeful that we can come out with something that both sides feel is reasonable,‖ he added.During the meeting, the WTO also plans to rubber-stamp the membership of China and Taiwan.China spent more than 15 years negotiating its terms for membership. Its arrival in the WTO means it will have to abide by international rules for conducting trade but will benefit from receiving the same trading terms as other WTO members.16.What can we learn from the passage?A.Opinions are varied among WTO members over major issues.B.There are major differences among WTO members over certain issues.C.The Doha meeting intends to satisfy all its participants.D.The Doha meeting will put aside all the tricky issues.17.Security at Doha is a major concern because ______.A.the Sept. 11 attack set the whole world in panicB.Qatar is a potential target of the American military actionC. a gunman opened fire at the Doha sessionD.Qatari army supported the US18. What is the goal of the ministers’ meetin g in Doha?A. To initiate a new round of trades talk.B.To pave the way for a new round of trades talk.C.To help implement the agreement reached in Seattle.D.To negotiate the terms for international trade.19. On the issue of trade talks, the meeting in Seattle is viewed as ______.A. a step forwardB. a preliminary stepC.ruined by protestersD. a total failure20.We can learn from the passage that the Doha meeting is determined (to) ______.A.reach an agreement on all new issuesB.overcome major differences on sensitive issuesC.not to repeat the Seattle mistakesD.not to be put off by any emergencyPassage FiveTesco the UK’s leading retailer, threw down the gauntlet to its global peers yesterday by indicating that it was to step up its international expansion.The challenge came as the company became the first British retail business to pass the £2bn ($3.8bn) profit barrier.Terry Leahy, chief executive, said Tesco’s international arm would become an increasingly important part of the business.In the year to February 26, one-fifth of Tesco’s group sales of £37.1bn came from the 12 countries outside the UK in which it operates. Total underlying group profit rose 20.5 per cent to £2.03bn.―I doubt we are 20 per cent into the process [of international expansion],‖ Mr. Leahy sa id. ―Carrefour has lots of experience, Wal-Mart has the financial strength. I think Tesco is as well placed.‖Setting out for the first time Tesco’s six-point strategy for international growth, Mr. Leahy said tailoring products to local markets was crucial, as was using various store formats—from hypermarkets to convenience stores―to boost penetration.He also said the core UK business still had room to grow, in spite of having a 29.5 per cent share of the domestic supermarket grocery market.Sales of non-food goods—which rose 17 per cent in the year to £6bn—is a particularly fertile area given that Tesco has 7 percent of this market. Tesco is experimenting with a pure non-food store in the coming year and is trying to add extra floor space to existing stores.Tesco’s numbers flew in the face of Marks and Spencer, whose underlying sales fell 4.9 per cent on a comparable trading basis in the 12 weeks to April.Tesco, whose underlying sales rose 9 per cent on the year as it pulled market share from domestic rivals such as Wal-Mart’s Asda unit, said it expected same-store sales, like-for-like growth to return to a more normal level of 3-4 per cent this year.Responding to concerns about the health of UK consumer confidence, Mr. Leahy said: ―The past few yea rs have been a bit exceptional. You have had strong consumer [sentiment] and competitors with a few underlying problems. Every retailer has good and bad form and just at the moment two or three retailers are showing some trading problems.”Analysts said the international division, with operating profit up 21 per cent at £370m, had come in slightly below expectations about £400m. But they said the overall results were solid. Merrill Lynch, house broker, is forecasting a 15 per cent rise in profit to £2.31bn for 2005-06.21. Why does Tesco decide to go global?A.Its domestic market is undergoing recession.B.Its domestic market share is limited.C.It intends to overtake its competitors in the world market.D.It intends to maximize its profit potential.22. What did Tesco do when it threw down the gauntlet to its global peers?A. It issued a challenge to its rivals.B.It admitted defeat to its rivals.C.It showed contempt for its rivals.D.It left its rivals flat.23. Which of the following is NOT true about Tesco?A.For the first time, Tesco is taking international expansion seriously.B.Tesco will open its first branch outside the UK.C.Tesco is as good as Wal-Mart and Carrefour, if not better.D.Tesco designed a strategy to attract its international clients.24.Tesco’s success is amazing as ______.A.all its profit increase came from its non-food sectorB.its major domestic competitor performed poorlyC.its underlying sales grew by 3-4 per centD.consumer confidence was far from strong25.What can be concluded from Mr. Leahy’s response to co ncerns about consumerconfidence?A.Tesco’s success owes more to the timing than consumer confidence.B.Tesco’s sale will drop after the boom though consumer confidence remainsstrong.C.The performance of a company depends on consumer sentiment.D.Problems in consumer confidence are inevitable for businesses.Passage Six。
