印染非遗介绍
印染是中国传统手工艺之一,也是中国的非物质文化遗产之一。印染的发展历史悠久,起源可以追溯到春秋时期,经过数千年的发展和传承,形成了独特的印染技术。
印染的主要工艺包括丝网印、印染、印花、染色等。其中,印染技术最为著名的要数印染,它通过将图案和文字等转移到布匹或纸张上,再将布料或纸张印染在特定的颜色或花纹中,形成了独特的艺术价值和实用价值。
在中国,印染技术受到了广泛的重视和应用,广泛应用于服装、窗帘、桌布、地毯、家具等方面。同时,印染技艺也成为了中国传统文化的重要组成部分,被誉为“中国纺织艺术中的瑰宝”。
为了保护和传承印染技艺,中国政府出台了多项政策和措施,鼓励人们传承和发扬印染技艺,保护和发展这门传统手工艺。同时,也有许多印染企业和机构致力于保护和传承印染技艺,为社会提供了许多优秀的作品和服务。
中国非物质文化遗产：剪纸
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese
paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly
during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。
People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring
Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate
doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境，特别是在春节和婚庆期间， 剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
This custom has a long history which not only brings festivity to the holiday,
but is also a symbol for people to express their wishes for welcoming the new year, blessings, and fortunes. 这个习俗历史悠久，美丽的窗花不仅能妆点节日的气氛，还寄托了人们辞旧迎新，接福纳祥的美好愿望。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health
人类非物质文化遗产代表作：中国活字印刷术
Wooden movable-type printing of China
Without the importation of paper and printing from China, Europe would have
continued for much longer to copy books by hand, in a painstaking and slow
process that could take more than a year for each book. German printer Johannes
Gutenberg did not invent movable type printing, he contributed with movable type
mechanical printing technology in Europe in 1450.
如果没有从中国进口纸张和印刷，欧洲会持续更长时间手工复制书籍，这是一个艰苦而缓慢的过程，每本书可能需要一年以上的时间。德国人约翰尼斯·古腾堡没有发明活字印刷，他于1450年在欧洲贡献了活字机械印刷技术。
More than four centuries earlier, the Chinese inventor Bi Sheng (990-1051 AD) created the world's first known movable type system for printing. His printing
system was invented between 1041 and 1048 during the Song dynasty. However,
this system never became terribly popular, mostly because the Chinese character
非物质文化遗产：中国皮影戏
Shadow puppetry, one of the oldest performing arts in the world, appeared in
China long before the invention of motion pictures and television. It has been a
popular form of entertainment in China for centuries. Shadow puppetry is a
combination of performing arts and the art of carving. Shadow puppets are not
only essential elements of stagecraft but also lovely handcrafted objects of art in
their own right.
皮影戏是世界上最古老的表演艺术之一，早在电影和电视发明之前就在中国出现了。几个世纪以来，它一直是中国流行的娱乐形式。皮影戏是表演艺术和雕刻艺术的结合。皮影戏不仅是舞台艺术的基本元素，也是可爱的手工艺术品。
The puppets are made of ox, sheep, or donkey skin. Preparing a hide that will
be used to make a shadow puppet requires special tanning and processing techniques. First, the raw pelt is soaked in clear water or limewater. Then it is
stretched tightly across a wooden frame and left to dry until it is flat and even. The
人类非物质文化遗产代表作：侗族大歌
Grand song of the Dong ethnic group
China is organized by 56 ethnic groups. Among 56 ethnic groups, Dong ethnic
group, a small group which lives in Guizhou Province, is remarked by its music.
中国是由56个民族组成的，在56个民族中，侗族是生活在中国贵州省的一个小民族，因为她的音乐而闻名。
A popular saying among the Dong people in Guizhou Province in southern China
has it that "Rice nourishes the body and songs nourish the soul". The Dong
people have never had an autograph of its own, and did not have a writing system
until 1958. Before that the Dong Culture, the history and stories were all recorded
and handed down by means of songs. For this reason, the Dong culture, though
having experienced ups and downs in history, has been well preserved and is
gradually drawing attention from the world.
“饭养身，歌养心”是侗家人常说的一句话。侗族从来没有自己的手写稿，直到1958年才有文字系统。在这之前，侗族文化、历史和故事都是以歌曲的形式记录下来的。因此，侗族文化虽然经历了历史的起伏，但保存完好，并逐渐引起世界的关注。
