新世纪商务英语综合教程第一册课文译文

《世纪英语综合教程I》课文TextA翻译Unit1问候的礼节1. 中国人认为用正确的方式与人打招呼是非常重要的。

他们遵循自谦、尊重他人的原则向对方表达一种敬意。

2. 中国人过去通常在胸前双手抱拳行见面礼。

下级、学生或侍从用鞠躬来向上级表达敬意。

但现在，除了在春节，中国人已不再打躬作揖。

当今，年轻人只以点头作为招呼。

这在某种程度上反映了现代生活节奏的日益加快。

3. 称谓能反映社会中人们之间的关系。

在正式场合，对年长者和位高者直呼其名是非常不好且粗鲁的。

应该根据他们的头衔来称呼他们。

中国人习惯用“头衔+姓氏”来称呼上司和长辈，而不是叫他们的姓。

对较亲近的人，他们往往不用像“你不高兴？””或“你看起来很憔悴”这样的用语，这被认为不合适。

在中国商界，见到陌生人通常要交换名片。

名片要双手递给对方。

4. 在讲英语的国家，人们不管年龄和地位，往往直呼其名，除了称呼医生以外，（这样）不是想引起不悦，而是要表示一种亲近感。

对称谓有疑问时，就按正式礼节称呼，因为严守礼节而出点差错总比不礼貌要好一点。

5. 中国人觉得对西方人直呼其名不太自然，感觉那样关系太亲近。

而另一方面，西方人觉得如果中国人坚持用姓氏来称呼，则表示中国人不愿意太亲近，想保持一定的距离。

所以，“怀特小姐”、“格林先生”这些称谓也许是中国人的一种折衷方式。

Unit2大学生活1. 倘若一生是一幅色彩斑斓的画卷，那么大学生活一定是那浓墨重彩的一笔。

倘若一生是一首含义深刻的诗篇，那么大学生活一定是那最为清丽的语句。

大学的确是一个非比寻常的黄金时期，利用得好，你学到的不只是课内的理论，还可以掌握课外的实际知识。

2. 从你成为大学生的那一刻起，你就要拥抱全新生活，你就要开始自立自强。

不光要适应新的环境，还要学会一切靠自己，自立自强。

3. 大学就是一个缩小版的社会。

同在一片蓝天下，我们都要学会与人交往。

可是社交并不比其它技艺容易学。

如果你总能对他人面带微笑，别人也会愿意在必要时伸出援助之手。

新世纪综合教程1(第二版)课文翻译Unit 1优等生的秘诀1 一位研究教育的老师针对成绩优异的学生做过重点研究，发现最聪明的学生不见得总能得高分。

根据这位教授、其他教育专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于学生来说更为重要。

2 在班上名列前茅的学生之所以学习优秀，是因为他们掌握了几个人人都可以轻易学到的基本原则。

首先，优等生知道如何决定轻重缓急。

他们从来不会为了打电话、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。

换言之，学习总是摆在娱乐之前。

另外，优等生们总是注意随时随地学习。

有位成绩优异的学生同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。

而另一位学生则利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。

所有受访的学生无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。

有些人在夜深人静时学习效果最好，有些人则喜欢趁着自己还能清晰地记得上课所讲的内容，一放学回家就开始学习。

尽管如此，所有优等生都一致认为，如果想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。

3 学生还必须学会有条理。

举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。

他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是因为他浪费不起到处找东西的时间。

还有一位学生喜欢把当天的笔记马上整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便临近考试时能随时用来复习。

优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆能力以及主动提出问题以便充分理解作者的意思。

4 对于学生们来说，合理安排时间也同样重要。

他们必须懂得如何根据每天的时间表和学习能力来安排做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。

能制定时间表不仅让学生能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且还能防止他们拖拖拉拉。

成绩优异的学生认为，他们成功的一大秘诀就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使用。

有个学生透露，她把从课文上摘抄的内容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。

这样，就可同时复习到两方面的内容。

第一课利用时间的要旨埃尔伍德·N·查普曼时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。

例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。

答案是什么呢？控制。

时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。

所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。

时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，浪费时间就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。

要旨一、从一开始就控制时间。

抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。

要旨二、养成用笔记本的习惯。

马上去买个笔记本，用它来计划你每一天的时间，一旦订好下每周的学习计划，每周就要这么做，但容许有些小的变动，星期日是制订下周计划的好时间。

要旨三、要现实些。

你从经验里就会知道写一篇短文，准备小考或为期术考试复习需要多长的时间，当你为这些事情计划时间时，要现实些，要留有余地，要预计发生意外的事情，否则你的整个计划就会被打乱。

要旨四、为每节课至少计划1小时。

你为每节课安排多少学习时间，取决于4个因素：(1)你的能力；(2)该节课的难度；(3)你希望取得的分数；(4)怎样有效利用你的学习时间。

有一件事是肯定的：你应该为每节课至少安排1小时，在很多情况下会需要2到3小时。

要旨五、灵活安排计划。

每周重新安排时间很重要，这样才能在必要时对计划进行调整。

例如，在期中或期末考试前，你要给复习留下更多的时间。

好的计划必须是有一些灵活性，这样便可做好特别的项目。

要旨六、有课的日子每天都要抽出一些时间来学习。

每天都踏踏实实地学习一会儿，比一天学习很长时间，第二天什么也不学要好。

课文参考译文Unit 1Text 1我的第一份工作在宾夕法尼亚州的夏洛瑞市，我的父母经营着一家小餐馆——潘格尼斯餐馆。

餐馆每周营业七天，每天24小时。

我的第一份正式工作是给顾客擦鞋，那时我六岁。

父亲年轻时也曾干过这活，所以他就教我怎样把鞋擦好，还让我问问顾客活干得好不好，如果顾客不满意，应主动给顾客再擦一次。

随着年龄的增长，我的活也多了起来。

十岁时，我已经会收拾餐桌了，并且还当清洁工。

爸爸咧着嘴笑着说我是在他手下干过的最好的“清洁工”。

在餐馆里工作是我骄傲的资本，因为我也在为家里的生计出把力。

但是，父亲明确规定我得符合一定的标准才能成为集体的一员。

我必须守时，勤快，对顾客彬彬有礼。

在餐馆里除了擦鞋以外，其它工作都没有报酬。

一天我犯了个错误，告诉父亲我觉得他每周应付我10美元的报酬。

父亲说：“好呀，那你付我在这儿的一日三餐钱，怎么样？还有你带你的朋友来免费喝饮料的钱？”他算下来我每周还欠他40美元。

这件事情给了我一个教训：在谈判时，你不仅要知道自己想说什么，你还要搞清楚对方会说些什么。

我还记得在外服兵役两年后回家的情景。

我刚晋升为上尉，满脸自豪地迈进父母的餐馆。

父亲的第一句话就是：“今天清洁工休息，晚上你来打扫卫生，怎么样？”我简直不敢相信！我想，我是一名美国陆军军官！但这并不要紧。

在父亲的眼里我只是团队中的一名成员。

我伸手去拿了拖把。

为父亲做事使我明白了一个道理，对团队的忠诚是第一位的，无论这个团队从事的是经营家庭餐馆还是执行“沙漠风暴行动”。

(高全孝译，张校勤校)Read more我的第一份工作“做什么事都要有自豪感，”父亲总是这样告诉我，“不管你是老板还是清洁工。

”15岁时我在一家地方医院有了份兼职工作，他们要我做拖地的活儿。

我笑了，就想到了父亲说过的那些话。

既使我的工作是最低层的，我也非常激动能有事情做。

我没把它看成是个困难，而是看成一个挑战，因为这是我的第一份工作。

我学着去守时，符合工作规范。

Unit 1商业是与物质事物有关的人类活动。

文明是必要的。

它存在于所有社会，甚至最简单的社会。

业务可以包括货物的生产：制造飞机、建筑和纸盒是生产的例子。

它还可以为这些活动提供资金。

借贷资金、买卖股票和债券以及出售保险政策涉及到为商业活动筹集资金。

其他形式的业务包括商品销售，即销售产品，提供各种服务，如会计、分销和维修。

那么，商业就是生产和分销商品和服务的活动。

在我们的企业研究中，必须了解生产的四个基本要素。

这四个因素是土地、劳动力、资本和企业家精神。

这四个术语是什么意思？为了生产东西，必须使用土地。

这里，土地的使用方式最一般。

它不仅指我们可以建造工厂的一块房地产，还指生产所用的所有原材料。

有些原材料在地球表面发现，例如树木，木材成材。

其他原材料在地球表面的矿产和石油威尔斯发现，还有其他原料可以从空气中提取。

所有生产的原材料都来自土地、空气和海洋。

劳动是指脑力劳动或体力劳动用于生产物品。

大多数劳动力将原材料转变成成品，然后将其分配给买方。

在工业化国家，劳动通常比体力劳动更有精神。

例如，无论是制造业还是农业，机器完成了非熟练工人过去所做的非常累人的体力劳动。

5在其他国家，由计算机编程的机器人和其他形式的数据处理设备完成了许多需要大量脑力劳动的工作。

因此，在一定程度上，下一个因素，资本，可以用来取代劳动力或减少体力和脑力劳动，人类不得不使用，以进行业务。

在日常用语中，资本意味着几件事。

最普遍的含义是财富或金钱。

但它也指货币购买的设备。

资本作为生产的基本要素之一，是劳动者在生产和分配中使用的所有东西。

它包括工具、机器和建筑物，例如工厂和仓库，生产和储存货物。

因此，资本指任何有助于生产和分销货物的东西。

把土地、劳动力和资本结合起来创造有价值的东西，叫做企业家精神。

企业家是负责控制和指导其他三个因素的人。

企业家不是自己动手，除非他也是工人。

一个企业的工人听命的企业家。

他是领导，员工也跟着他的方向走。

创业包括一些其他重要的活动。

商务英语综合教程1课文翻译课文一美国来鸿：地铁札记沙希·塔鲁尔张雨晨邵凌译旅美期间，我生活中最大的惊喜之一莫过于纽约地铁了。

实际上，我已经开始逐渐享受它了。

1989年当我第一次搬来纽约时，好心的朋友们提醒我要远离这早已八旬高龄的地铁——不论是在当地居民还是在过往游客中，它都臭名昭著，被公认为是号称“不睡城”的最堵心、最危险的交通工具。

然而，它也是最快速且最经济的交通工具。

怀揣着这个难题，我开始了自己的“纽约客”生涯——自从那时起，我便喜忧参半。

地铁让我们又爱又恨：列车时刻表不可信赖;地铁要么来就来了，要么根本不见踪影;发生故障更是常有的事儿，以至于因地铁被困在隧道里，曾有孕妇不得不在车上生产。

员工数量不多，且其发布的通知常常令人不知所云。

基础设施古老陈旧、摇摇欲坠。

爆裂的管道时不时造成水漫车站，使得交通瘫痪。

城市流浪者们住在站台上，睡在车站长椅上(或地铁车厢里)，增加了乘客的不安全感。

每几个月，报纸上就有类似的恐怖事件报道——又有一位无辜者被随意推到了迎面而来的列车车轮下。

抢劫、强奸和谋杀案件虽不常见，但也时有发生。

不仅如此，脏乱的车厢，涂鸦满布的车站，夏天炼狱般的高温和冬天极地般的严寒，可以控诉的实在是挺多。

《华盛顿邮报》的一位撰稿人称它为“古老陈旧、过时低效且近乎不中用的混合体”。

他还是笔下留情的。

那么，为什么纽约居民们仍然对地铁如此依赖呢?其中一个是经济原因：不论多远，乘客只需花1.5美金就能坐地铁到达纽约城的任何地方。

相比之下，乘坐计程车从纽约联合国总部到位于曼哈顿岛另一边的哥伦比亚大学，则需要花费12美金。

而若是去纽约的所谓外区，如皇后区、布鲁克林区或布朗克斯区——任何需要从曼哈顿岛过桥而至的地方——则需支付多达三倍的价钱。

除此之外，地铁也很快速。

只要25分钟，就能从曼哈顿市中心到达皇后区的法拉盛公园——这里是美网公开赛的举办地;开车的话就需要花费一小时，到达后还需找停车位。

课文A世界经济发展世界经济比以往任何时候都更富裕，但是国家内部与国家之间财富显然分布不均衡。

世界上最富裕国家如卢森堡的年人均收入比世界最贫穷国家如塞纳里昂年人均收入高出一百多倍。

国与国之间经济发展不平衡倾向表现各异。

20世纪50、60年代，发展中国家经济获得了飞速而持续的发展。

然而，自80年代以来，除了少数几个主要亚洲国家经济成功地获得快速发展、更多全球开放市场外，其他发展中国家面临了经济不稳，社会福利收效甚微的问题。

全球化并没有缩小贫富国家收入差异。

富裕国家比贫困国家往往能更优先进入资本市场，吸引更多外国资本直接投资，更有弹性地应对全球商品市场。

现在，埃塞俄比亚居民平均收入不及出生于欧洲或美国居民的1/35，而在50年代，埃塞俄比亚人均收入是发达国家人均收入的1/16。

同样，美国目前人均收入比尼伯尔人均收入从50年代的19倍上升到了27倍。

世界上大多数最贫困国家或多或少在某种程度上相对滞后。

尤其是70年代中期以来，发展中国家经济增长进入停滞与不稳定的交替期，只有少数几个发展中国家在最近几十年能持续增长，这些国家中尤以两个世界人口大国中国和印度著名。

中国可以看作是成功进行体制改革的例子。

20世纪70年代后期改革开放以来，中国经济一直保持了高速发展。

除一些社会、经济不稳定因素之外，最近20年，中国经济改革所取得的成就解决了几千万人的温饱问题。

因为没有现存的改革经验可借鉴，中国经济改革的过程被看作是“摸着石头过河”。

实际上，经济发展是改革的落脚点和最终目标。

中国经济体制改革是以全面提高经济效益为目的，依靠发挥个人积极性，培育各种类型的市场竞争。

通常，中国向市场经济的转型过程是个缓慢的经济改革过程，表现在三个不同时期。

第一个时期从1978年至1993年，改革主要是改善激励机制和扩大市场对资源的配置范围。

这一时期以成功进行农业体制改革和双重价格体系改革为特点；第二个时期开始于1994年，这一时期中国政府决定把最终建立现代市场经济体制作为改革目标；最新时期，重点是处理好由于经济增长所带来的地区差异和贫富悬殊。

Mrs. White is ill at homeMrs. Sophia white is ill in bed with the flu and her friends, Helen and Nancy come to see her in the evening.Helen: How are you feeling now, Sophia?Sophia: Not too bad, but I’ve got to stay in bed. This morning my son sent for a doctor and he gave me some tablets to reduce my temperature.Nancy: Has the fever gone?Sophia: Yes, but I feel sore all over and a little bit dizzy.Helen: That’s the usual symptom after the fever’s gone. Are you thirsty? Do you like me to get a cup of coffee or something?Sophia: The doctor said I should drink water.Nancy: I’ll bring you a glass of water. Do you want ice?Sophia: Yes. Please.Helen: Everyone in the agency says hello to you and they hope you can recover soon. Sophia: Please say hello to them for me, Helen, when you see them in the office tomorrow. Helen: Sure I will.Nancy: Here you are, a glass of water. Sophia, I saw some clothes hanging up in the back yard.Sophia: Oh, my! I forgot. They’ve been left in the open all night. Would you bring them in for me?Nancy: Yes, of course.Sophia: Helen, could you buy some sugar for me on your way home tomorrow?Helen: I can go and buy it right now.Sophia: No, not now. there’re still some in the kitchen, enough for breakfast.Helen: What about the pile of newspapers? Would you like me to take them out of the room? Sophia: That’s very kind of you, thanks a lot. There’s just one more thing. I wonder if either of you could go to the post office for me.Nancy: Of, I’m sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. I have to see my daughter off in half an hour. She’s going to Manchester for further studies. But I can go there tomorrow after work. Helen: I can go there. The post office is near my house. What do you want to send? Sophia: Some Christmas card s to my friends in Britain.Helen: OK. Where are the cards?Sophia: On the desk in the next room.(Helen enters the next room, picks up the cards and returns to Sophia’s room.)Helen: Nine cards. Right? Sophia, we’re leaving. You must take good care of yourself. We’ll come and see you again tomorrow.Sophia: Thank you for coming to see me. Bye-bye.白太太生病在家索菲亚夫人白卧病在床的流感和她的朋友，海伦和南茜来见她在晚上。

综合英语（一）全册课文翻译综合英语（一）上Lesson OneThe Time MessageElwood N. ChapmanLearning Guide新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。

本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。

1Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look ahead, you think you have more time than you need. For example, at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands. But toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties, so you get worried. What is the answer？Control！时间很难对付，既难控制又易浪费。

当你向前看时，觉得有用不完的时间。

比如说，学期伊始，你可能会觉得有大量的时间，可到期末时，突然发现时间就要用完了，已没有足够的时间去做应做的一切了，于是，你就很担心。

解决问题的方法是什么？那就是控制！2Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. If you don't make it work for you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one problem.时间很危险。

一名语言教师的个人看法我每天都会在报纸上、公共汽车上看到各种广告，声称轻轻松松就能学好英语。

这些广告号称，学生不必费什么力气，要说一口流利的英语只需短短3个月，甚至10天就行。

广告还常常提到威廉·莎士比亚和查尔斯·狄更斯等英语文学大师的名号来增强吸引力。

每当看到诸如此类的广告时，我真是哭笑不得：如果学英语真像这些广告所说的那么轻松，我恐怕得另谋出路了，因为不需要那么多合格的英语教师了。

但是肯定有许多人相信这些可笑的噱头，不然的话这些广告也不可能出现。

学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法也在情理之中，但要用浅显易懂的语言去解释为什么某一方法比另一方法更有效并不是一件简单的事，而且也无需装模作样地声称有什么人已经找到了一个万能的适合所有学习环境的教学方法。

一些专家甚至认为，有多少个好老师就有多少种好的教学方法，因为每一个老师都有其自身的特点。

这种说法无疑是有几分道理的，但对学生来说不是很有帮助。

有很长一段时间，人们认为要学好一门语言，只有去使用那种语言的国家待上一段时间。

当然去英国、美国、或者澳大利亚等国家学英语的学生肯定比那些不能去的学生具有很大优势，但是很多学生支付不起那笔费用。

有些学生走向另一极端：他们认为可以借助词典在家自学。

如果你认为英语中的每一个词在另一语言中都有完全对等的词（或反之亦然），那就错了。

通过翻译法来给学生讲解口语的自然形式是不可能的，更不要说做到语音、语调地道了。

现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。

行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。

假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那这些方法或许能奏效，可惜我们不是，这似乎让很多理论家引以为憾，否则他们提出的那些方法用起来就会容易得多了。

我个人认为，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。

与鹦鹉或黑猩猩不同，人类不会无缘无故地发出噪音，除非他们明白这些声音是什么意思，并且能将其与自己的生活联系起来。

第一课利用时间的要旨埃尔伍德·N·查普曼时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。

例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。

答案是什么呢？控制。

时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。

所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。

时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，浪费时间就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。

要旨一、从一开始就控制时间。

抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。

要旨二、养成用笔记本的习惯。

马上去买个笔记本，用它来计划你每一天的时间，一旦订好下每周的学习计划，每周就要这么做，但容许有些小的变动，星期日是制订下周计划的好时间。

要旨三、要现实些。

你从经验里就会知道写一篇短文，准备小考或为期术考试复习需要多长的时间，当你为这些事情计划时间时，要现实些，要留有余地，要预计发生意外的事情，否则你的整个计划就会被打乱。

要旨四、为每节课至少计划1小时。

你为每节课安排多少学习时间，取决于4个因素：(1)你的能力；(2)该节课的难度；(3)你希望取得的分数；(4)怎样有效利用你的学习时间。

有一件事是肯定的：你应该为每节课至少安排1小时，在很多情况下会需要2到3小时。

要旨五、灵活安排计划。

每周重新安排时间很重要，这样才能在必要时对计划进行调整。

例如，在期中或期末考试前，你要给复习留下更多的时间。

好的计划必须是有一些灵活性，这样便可做好特别的项目。

要旨六、有课的日子每天都要抽出一些时间来学习。

每天都踏踏实实地学习一会儿，比一天学习很长时间，第二天什么也不学要好。

突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想自得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。

那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。

我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。

然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它一个不及格。

没关系。

等我为自己写好了之后，我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。

等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。

第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。

两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文，他把别人的都发了，就是没有我的。

我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。

Suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for myself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate allthe rules of formal composition I'd learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyone's but mine. I waspreparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the class's attention.无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。

新标准商务英语综合教程1 第一单元译文关于选择苏mei 译资本主义的可靠主力--股份制公司--看起来出奇的持久，但是其面临的压力也在与日俱增。

1967年，约翰·肯尼斯·加尔布雷斯在其著作《新工业国家》中指出，美国由少数几家大公司以稳定为名掌控国家经济。

这种等级森严的官僚组织长期生产标准化产品，定期推陈出新，改良产品。

他们为工人提供终身制的就业机会，并与大型工会保持着良好的劳资关系。

那个世界现在已经不复存在。

美国的大型公司要么消失了，要么在全球化竞争中转型了，其中大多数企业已经由大批量转向高价值、由规模化转向定制化生产体系。

而且这些公司已经平抑了其管理层级，如今很少有人愿意一生只在一家公司里步步高升。

形势正在剧变，但是，这到底要将我们带向何方？现代公司又将何去何从呢？这里有三个为公众普遍接受的答案。

第一种观点认为，少数几家大公司正在无声地收购这个世界。

过去几十年中公司兼并的案例比皆是，创下了历史记录。

幸存下的公司比国家政体还要强大许多。

第二种思想学派的的观点却大相径庭。

他们认为大公司已经成为过去。

若要了解未来趋势，就看看电脑销售企业“单轨公司”吧。

单轨公司没有厂房、仓库以及其他任何有形资产。

该公司在亚特兰大一幢写字楼里租了一层办公区。

自由职业者此刻正在办公桌前设计电脑------尽管需求量仍然不高。

第三种观点认为传统公司正在被公司网所取代。

创业团队建立一个网络组织来推销其观点理念。

他们把点子卖给出价最高者，然后构架下一个点子，创建下一个公司，资金由风险投资家提供。

另一种展望公司未来的方法是聚焦影响公司发展的外部环境。

这种环境由一件事决定----选择。

科技和全球化为个人和公司提供了前所未有的机会，使得他们能够在传统体制之外搜集信息并展开经济活动。

规模化大生产时代降低了生产成本却限制了产品选择，而现代化弹性生产体系既降低了成本又增加了选择：消费者能够更自由地选择将钱花在何处，生产商能够更自由地选择供应商，股东也能够更自由地选择投资对象。

Unit one2. (1)Fiat launched a tiny “city car” especially for Europe’s narrow, crowed streets.(2) The rain forest theme products tap into consumer’s interest in the environment.(3) The company might target its efforts on preferred locations like India or Thailand(4) A strong president would further erode the power of the Congress.(5) Most of the measures will be phased out next year.(6) Government securities have traditionally yielded less than stocks.3.(1) on December 8th,2009, president Barack Obama launched a set of proposals to address unemployment and made it clear that he wanted to tap into some of the unspent funds( money set aside to support filing banks) to help pay for them. No precise figure was given. Some 50$ billion will be spent on infrastructure projects. But the effort represents a broad push to support small business.(2) America’s recent recession has hit small business hard. The very small, with fewer than 50 workers---employing almost one-third of working Americans ---have suffered around 45% of the job losses of the downturn.(3) Unfortunately, helping small business has not proved easy. The stimulus package passed last spring offered tax benefits and targeted the flow of credit to small business. The results were disappointing. The main problem with small business is lending. Obama’s recent plan is likely to scratch the surface if he does not tackle credit crunch.Unit two2. (1) Death does not discriminate. It eventually comes to everyone, making no exception for those more or less fortune, or those with good or bad fame.(2) T he 2008 presidential election of American is under the world’s spotlight because of the participation of female and African American candidates for the first time. Though the final outcome is still hard to anticipate, the election itself is changing not only the way American perceive themselves, but also how the rest of the world perceives America.(3) No matter what background or experience he may have, nobody should recoil from pursuing his own dream. Because we are convinced that freedom, equity and the pursuit of happiness are our rights.(4) More and more Chinese brands aspire to go global. This clearly conveys a message: the quality, design and management expertise of Chinese brands are constantly improving.3. V ariety is the spice of life. So, since a man shaves about 20,000 times in a lifetime, the desire for adventure may be the only thing that can drive away boredom. Instead of growing a “glamorous”beard, current styles leave a lot of room for hair experiments. The classic facial hair fashion is designer stubble or “three-day-growth”. The skin can still be seen under the short stubble, lending a manly appearance with relatively little care and expense. The key is to look grooming, not scruffy. However, it does not always make a good impression if you are in daily contact with customers. In contrast, the somewhat more conventional beard style can always win points.Unit three3. (1) Our car wound its way through the mountain. Beautiful scenery was everywhere to be seen on the road; we couldn’t help but be impressed.(2) After elaborate arrangements, Beijing Olympic opening ceremony unfolded s visual banquet to the world.(3) The annual environment conservation campaigns aim to restore the delicate balance between man and nature.(4) The article gives us a real sight into the cause of present food crisis.(5) The moment Wenchuan earthquake was reported, the Red Cross was flooded with calls about donations.(6) The ancient architectures and the modern ones complement each other, adding a special charm to the city.4. The middle class increasingly forgoes bicycles--- the environmentally friendly and energy efficient transport--- in favor of the car. Some four million bikes now compete for road space with more than two million cars. A quick glance at the newly constructed overpasses and ring road has clearly shows which means of transport has been getting priority. Fewer and fewer people are riding bikes because of the inconvenience and the increased dangers that cars bring to the road. However, the improvement in the state economy, the traffic situation and city management does not mean that we should say a final and complete farewell to the bicycle. Some people will still choose this non-polluting, small and green transport tool.Unit four3. (1) “These days I often recall the tough times before, thus I can be cool-headed inthe face of success,” said the founder and CEO of the company.(2)The primary issue in the current situation is to keep the prices steady; otherwise if the market panics, the consequence is beyond imagination.(3) To launch this service in the region will pay off in the long run, though the initial investment is big.(4) To make maximal profits with minimal cost has long been the objective for some companies. Now environment factors make them to rethink about it.(5) The public want to see issues like narrowing the gap between rich and poor and tackling urban housing problems prioritized by the government.(6) Home work burdens greatly restrict children’s opportunities for playing, and do harm to their development.(7) Sex set Hillary apart from all the other candidates for presidency and won her support of many female voters.4. The boom in consumer spending, now in its 12th year, has weathered many shocks that have hit the Us economy, including terrorist attacks, the 2001 recession, and a series of corporate scandals. Resilient household demand has not only sustained domestic growth but has also played a key role in supporting the global economy. Some observers, however, have viewed the surge in consumer spending with apprehension. The personal saving rate has fallen to historic lows, and consumer debt levels have risen. This has led to concern that the rise in private consumption may not be sustainable and that a subsequent weakening could throw the recovery off track. So are US consumers living beyond their means?Unit five2. (1) his speech instilled enthusiasm and confidence into the audience.(2) Intent on her work, Helen ignored the noise outside the room and did not turn to see who was coming in(3) He contended that the main issue was not being addressed.(4) Intimidated, the witness kept his mouth shut for seven years. But now he feels he could no longer turn his eyes away from facts.(5) Mother Theresa remained a woman of great humanity despite all the attention and praise for her work.(6) I wouldn’t underestimate the obstacle if I were you---the situation is more frustrating than you think.3. The Chinese want to do business with individuals---not companies--- socultivating friendships is crucial. Rather than cutting to the chase, the Chinese prefer a courtship filled with get-to-know-you banter and big banquets full of mysterious delicacies. Thus, like other Americans, Deane had to rein in his “get the deal done and move on to the next one” philosophy. And nearly every time he visits his manufacturers in Foshan, they insist on taking him on long drives in the countryside, often recovering ground he’s admired on previous trips. “they want to spend time with you,”Deane explains. “they want to get to know you”.Saxon also says that the Chinese take a long-term view and aren’t risk-takers. The society is less individualistic than America’s, So the Chinese aren’t big on confrontation. He highlights the Chinese belief in the “middle way”, a form of compromise, which means they may insist on working out an agreement rather than taking no for an answer. For an American, this translated into fostering respect, including stifling open criticism.Unit six2(1) Today’s society is full of theories which claim to be authoritative but turn out to be self-contradictory. Instead of being repeatedly tempted to believing them, I would rather keep a sober mind, think independently, and then make my own judgment. (2) Because of his profound insight into the shock of cultural diversity on human mind, he was nominated as candidate for this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. No matter he is going to win the prize or not, he is already held in high esteem in his home country, and meanwhile plays an important role in the protection of intangible cultural heritage around the world.(3) After long time research, economists discovered that the financial institutes in this country bear a strong relationship with the government. The latter turns out to be the biggest buyer of the country’s financial products.(4) Courtesy is the essence of Chinese food culture. It is estimated that Chinese spend twice or more time on a formal dinner than Europeans.3. One of the greatest things about travelling around the world is all of the wonderful food you get to try. Watch yourself when you start to reach for that food, though, or you just might offend someone. When it comes to table manners, what works in one country doesn’t always go over in another.The United States has its own special dining customs that visitors should know about before sitting down to a meal. For example, when food starts to arrive, you can’t just dig in. it’s considered rude to start eating before everyone at the table hasreceived his or her meal.Once you start to chew down, it’s important to remember to keep yo ur elbows off the table and keep your mouth closed as you chew. One last tip for American dining is never to pick up you bowl or plate as you eat. This is considered rude beyond all belief.If you think Americans are picky about the table manners, think about Taiwan’s (china) customs. The list of rules is equally long. Y ou cannot stick chopsticks upright in your bowl of rice. Furthermore, you should never gesture with your chopsticks. For some visitors, using chopsticks is challenging enough without the rules of what you can and can’t do with themUnit 72.(1)it’s five years since she was lost but she still haunts his dr eams(2).Science empowers man to control natural forces more effectively .(3).Those students implicated in the cheating have been severely punished.(4).The environment is different between the university and the middle school, but the freshmen have adapted themselves to new conditions very soon.(5).The more he thought about it, the more confused he became.3. Recent study shows that the number of courses on ethics in the top 50 business schools have quintupled in the past 20 years . However, only half of these schools take ethic education as one of the requirements for graduation.The incident of group cheating at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business in the US has aroused intense concern among students. Those who were expelled in this case all come from Asia. They have been in the US for less than a year and have little knowledge about the honor code of universities or the judicial procedures in the US. These Asian students admitted the fault but did not lodge a protest, which is also attributed to their cultural backgrounds. According to the experts, foreign students have different opinions in defining cooperation on the university campuses in the US. The universities have a special obligation to those students. The ethic education in the business schools used to emphasize “no lying”, “no cheating” and “no stealing”. The concept of ethics is changing with the actual situation in the business world. Business ethics do only have a bearing on personal decision making, but also extend to the social, economic and environmental responsibilities of the enterprises, with the “sustainable” development as the main concern.Unit 82. (1) there is no alternative: the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.(2) The Amish have long been renowned for making ordinary soil magically productive.(3) In fact, the reason why manufacturing powers subsidize their enterprises on energy price is that energy price is a complex political and social issue.(4) 110-year-old Peking University is constantly reviewing its course structures to cater to the ever-changing student roll.(5) About 200 visiting students from china’s quake-hit Sichuan Province wound up their vacation in Russia and set out home.(6) Carbohydrates are abundant in starchy foods, and are converted in the body into glycogen, which is then stored in the muscles and liver.(7) People that illegally obtain personal information also incur criminal penalties, under the draft submitted yesterday to Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.(8) Governments at all levels must encourage the use of energy-saving technology and facilities by offering policy incentives such as an exemption of taxes.3. But by the spring of 2008, the financial world seemed to be coming undone, unemployment was rising, and among the fashionistas, cheap was the new black. Consumer prices in the US fell at a breathtaking annual rate of nearly 13% in the last three months of 2008. Prices plummeted for all sorts of goods, ranging from clothing to TVs to furniture, as retailers advertised sale after sale. But deflation missed big chunks of the economy. For all of 2008, college tuition and fees increased by 5.8%, followed closely by price increases for hospitals and legal services. Finance is one service sector where prices are falling, in part because banks lent so heavily in housing. For economics, overcapacity is a tricky concept. Human wants are unlimited, so how could the world ever produce too much of a good thing? The key is what people can pay: in many good sectors, prices still aren’t low enough to bring forth enough buyers. There will have to be some combination of falling prices and destruction of productive capacity before supply and demand come back into balance.。

新世纪综合教程1课文翻译Unit 1 p23-25 第2,3题1.Rules and regulations should be strictly followed;no one is supposed to compromise on safety standards.2.She can't blame others.She must pay for her self-inducedblindness.3.He steered the boat carefully between the rocks.4.An examiner must have some knowledge in testing;otherwise he cannot frame his questions clearly.5.His last remark demonstrated his lack of knowledge on thissubject.6.Finally the police had to employ force to break up the crowd.7.He claims that the new teaching approach helps to promotestudents' creative ability.8.The teachers were most impressed by your performance in theexam.Your scored 98 marks whereas most of your classmates failed.9.Among all the workers interviewed every one agreed that Martin had made an important contribution to the company's success.10.I know you did it deliberately ,just to annoy me.11.We should try our best to help those who are in financialdifficulty and cannot pay their tuition fees on time.12.The fast economic growth of our country has attracted the attention of many economists,who all think that is a miracle.1. Being a mother of two young kids,Sarah always makes apoint ofspending as much times as she can with them.2. I looked up the word in the dictionary to refresh my memory ofits exact meaning.3. The chairman warned yesterday that a pay rise for teachers would lead to job cuts.4. Realizing that his retirement(退休）was near at hand ,he lookedfor some additional income.5. The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour everymorning.6. She is constantly under pressure and it is affecting her health.7. Last but not least,I would like to thank all the people who have given us unselfish assistance throughout these years.8. We've been trying to get back to you,Tom,but we think we tookyour number down incorrectly.9. In addition to giving a general introduction to computerscience,the course also provides practical experience.10. All the students were involved in making costumes and sceneryfor the show.11. It was a perfectly ordinary day;in other words,I went to workand came home as usual.12. Critics pointed out that the prince,on his income,should bepaying tax.13. Don't say it is profitless to do this.The effort will pay off in thelong run.P31 翻译1)The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.2) The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.3) Recently the school conducted a survey among those studentswho have attained academic excellence.4) He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.5) George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn. 6) We can't go. To begin with, it's too cold. Besides, we're busy.7) It's about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths / facts.8) You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day. 9) I'll jot down some notes while he's speaking.s too heavy.'t carry the suitcase on my own; it'10) I canUnit 2 p54-561)I like that singer a lot, but I haven' his latest CD anywhere. obtain t been able to项confident that the project(2) Jim said he was very)would be successful.目with one another by e-communicate3) Nowadays peopleprefer tomail.over the other players. advantage4) Being tall gave him a(n) information he had gathered.5) He based his article on the relevant扮6) Role-play(角色演)is helpful in developing communication skills.7) Sometimes she eats a lot and sometimes nothing at all; she just goes from one extreme to the other.8) My trip to Australia proved to be a most enjoyable experience.9) It is assumed that the Internet is an efficient means of communication.10) I'm afraid that getting things changed is a slow process.11) Traffic is terribly bad nowadays, particularly in the city center.12) There are too many characters in this novel; could you spare a few minutes and help me clear up my confusion?13) Her behaviour of smoking in public really astonished us.14) All the students are interested in his lectures; apparently he is a qualified teacher.1) It is not that I don't like this singer. The fact is that I'm not very fond of country music.2) The cost is directly related to the amount of time spent on the project.3) The story is so interesting that I cannot help reading thenext chapter to find out what's going to happen.4) To a certain extent, it was my fault that we lost the match.5) Girls may bring their boy friends to the party and vice versa.6) He is always ready to help others; no doubt he'll be willing to help you, too.7) The new vaccine(疫one of its most terrifying diseases. the world of苗)may rid8) I assume that the misunderstanding between the two sides will b soon.cleared up e, you will have to go to prison. or else9) You must pay $2,000; 环10) We must fight pollution and protect our environment(.at all costs境)he did. 11) I said he would forget, and sure enougha motorbike.12) He cannot ride a bicycle, let alone13) In his hurry to leave the room he left his gold watch on the desk.14) It's no use worrying about Jim; he is now with his aunt who loves him and will no doubt take good care of him.15) He wants to improve his English by reading dictionaries, but inmy view it is not an effective method of learning.16) I called Linda last night and asked her if the exhibition of Chinese paintings in her university was worth seeing.P59 翻译1) 这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。

一名语言教师的个人看法我每天都会在报纸上、公共汽车上看到各种广告，声称轻轻松松就能学好英语。

这些广告号称，学生不必费什么力气，要说一口流利的英语只需短短3个月，甚至10天就行。

广告还常常提到威廉·莎士比亚和查尔斯·狄更斯等英语文学大师的名号来增强吸引力。

每当看到诸如此类的广告时，我真是哭笑不得：如果学英语真像这些广告所说的那么轻松，我恐怕得另谋出路了，因为不需要那么多合格的英语教师了。

但是肯定有许多人相信这些可笑的噱头，不然的话这些广告也不可能出现。

学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法也在情理之中，但要用浅显易懂的语言去解释为什么某一方法比另一方法更有效并不是一件简单的事，而且也无需装模作样地声称有什么人已经找到了一个万能的适合所有学习环境的教学方法。

一些专家甚至认为，有多少个好老师就有多少种好的教学方法，因为每一个老师都有其自身的特点。

这种说法无疑是有几分道理的，但对学生来说不是很有帮助。

有很长一段时间，人们认为要学好一门语言，只有去使用那种语言的国家待上一段时间。

当然去英国、美国、或者澳大利亚等国家学英语的学生肯定比那些不能去的学生具有很大优势，但是很多学生支付不起那笔费用。

有些学生走向另一极端：他们认为可以借助词典在家自学。

如果你认为英语中的每一个词在另一语言中都有完全对等的词（或反之亦然），那就错了。

通过翻译法来给学生讲解口语的自然形式是不可能的，更不要说做到语音、语调地道了。

现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。

行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。

假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那这些方法或许能奏效，可惜我们不是，这似乎让很多理论家引以为憾，否则他们提出的那些方法用起来就会容易得多了。

我个人认为，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。

与鹦鹉或黑猩猩不同，人类不会无缘无故地发出噪音，除非他们明白这些声音是什么意思，并且能将其与自己的生活联系起来。