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do quite a few in-depth research projects.• She resisted the temptation to laugh.noun + verb• An opportunity arose for me to work in China, so I went and spent a year there.•People feel educational standards slipped when the government cut finances.noun + noun•James has been a team leader / member / player, and he is now able to enjoy the fruits of his hard work.•Their demanding work schedule means they have less time to devote to school assignments. adjective + noun•And they reported lower levels of commitment to school and more modest educational aspirations.•This is not an empty threat; I will call the police if this happens again!verb + adverb• She smiled proudly as she looked at the photos of her new grandson.•I don’t like to travel with my brother because he drives carelessly.adverb + verb• I fully understand that there will be serious problems when doing this project.•You may respectfully listen to their advice, but don’t take it too seriously.In this unit about working part-time while studying, we have come across quite a few useful grammatical collocations, mainly in the patterns of “adjective + noun” and “noun + noun”.Please take a look at the following list of collocations in this unit:Text Astudent achievement, school performance, school engagement, heavy commitment, academicyear, school achievement, school commitment, educational aspirations, school careers, working students, school assignments, non-working students Text Bhigher education, undergraduate student, wealthy students, educational performance, formal education, educational funding, educational benefits PART IIKEY TO EXERCISESSECTION A111) A teaching assistant in kindergarten or a tutor2) A cashier in a store3) A waiter in a restaurant4) A car cleaner2 • I would like to work as a teaching assistantin kindergarten. I really enjoy spending timewith small children and I am thinking ofworking as a teacher in kindergarten in thefuture. So working as a teaching assistantwould definitely be a great experience for me.• I would like to work in a company, whetherbig or small, because in the future I plan toestablish my own business. Working part-time in a company would give me some ideaof what it is like to work in a company, howa company is run, and what job a boss shoulddo.210 Third Edition2In my opinion, the most important advantages of doing part-time jobs are: gaining work experience, acquiring communicative skills, and building connections for future career. In doing part-time jobs, especially those jobs which are related to my field of study, I can build up my work experience and enrich my resume. Besides, in working, I may have to communicate with different kinds of people, soit can help develop my communicative skills, which are essential to success. And in getting to know some important people in the workplace, I can build some contacts for my future career.Understanding the text11To measure the impact of employment on student achievement.2According to the research, a heavy commitment to part-time work undermines and significantly interferes with school achievement andcommitment.3About 10 hours per week or less.4Students become interested in study again.5Students may take easier classes, copyothers’ assignments, cut class, or refuse todo assignments, and over time, students’commitment to school is eroded bit by bit.6Students may find school less rewarding and interesting, and it is highly possible that thosewho have been working long hours will dropout of school before graduation.7Because teenagers working long hours frequently have more money to spend than their peers,and they often become used to spending theirearnings on drugs and alcohol.8Doing part-time jobs while studying isacceptable, but students should work nomore than 10 hours a week if they want to besuccessful in school. Critical thinking21 • Yes, I think early employment can definitelybuild character because besides study,you have to fit yourself into the workingenvironment. You can learn interpersonalskills, social responsibility and professionalethics in a working setting. Moreover, youhave to try hard to strike a balance betweenwork, study, and play. In this way, you willdevelop a strong sense of responsibility andboost your self-confidence.• No, not necessarily. Though early employmentmay help students to gain some workexperience, it is not necessarily helpful inbuilding their character. Because they have tospend quite a lot of time working and maybecome less responsible or less committedto their study. Too much work may also leadto alcohol and drug abuse. So, in some cases,early employment undermines character-building rather than help it.2 • Yes, I agree. Students have so many academictasks to complete in college that they hardlyhave any extra time for work. If they work,they will certainly have to spend less time andenergy on study, which is likely to depresstheir school performance. I see many workingstudents around me sleep in class, skip class,or copy others’ assignments. If they cannotbe responsible students when they should be,how could they become responsible peopleafter graduation? So, I think students shouldtake study as their main task instead of doingpart-time jobs.• No, I don’t agree. College students shouldprepare themselves for future careers, so theyneed not only to perform well academicallybut also develop other skills becausesurviving in society requires more than bookknowledge. Working part-time can exposestudents to the real world and help themacquire basic interpersonal skills. Besides, byearning money to pay for their study, collegestudents can learn how to manage their211UNIT 6 Earn as you learn?money and become less dependent on theirparents.3 • Yes, I agree with the author that workingwhile studying has many negative impactson students, such as not getting enough rest,decreased school performance, abuse of drugsand alcohol. As one’s time and energy arelimited, working, even part-time, will affectone’s study. Therefore, students should takestudy seriously and it is critical not to worklong hours while studying at college.• No, I don’t think there are so many negativeimpacts of working while studying asmentioned by the author. I have manyclassmates who are working part-timeto cover their tuition. Most of them areresponsible students as they want to sharethe financial burden with their parents. Theyalso study very hard for scholarships. At thesame time, they try to make full use of theirworking time. Some of them work with theirprofessors in the lab, so their work does notinterfere with their study. In fact, workingmay benefit their study because they canapply what is learned in class in practice.4 • Yes, I think part-time jobs may help builda sense of responsibility, which in turn mayenhance students’ school performance.Because if you take part-time jobs whilestudying, you have to follow the work ethics,observe the working schedule, work up toexpectations, contribute to teamwork, andbalance work and study. All these will helpyou to multitask, to be more efficient, tocultivate a sense of responsibility, and toenhance your school performance.• No, I don’t think part-time jobs help to builda sense of responsibility, not to mentionenhancing students’ school performancebecause students who take part-time work,especially those who work long hours, haveto strike a balance between work and study.To meet the demanding working schedule,more often than not, they have to cut corners,for example, by devoting less time to studyor ignoring homework. Moreover, they mayspend more on entertainment and luxurygoods as they have more spending money.Students who work long hours usually fail tomeet the academic requirements and have noclear plan for career development.5Part-time employment provides a good opportunity for students to learn many otherthings other than book knowledge. It has many positive influences:• building a sense of responsibility as you haveto accomplish your tasks;• building self-discipline as you have to manageyour time well and rely on yourself;• gaining social skills and work experienceas you interact with people outside theclassroom;• broadening your vision as you learn about theworkplace and society;• having more employment opportunities asyou gain work experience in preparation foryour future career.Words in use31indicate 2conventional3assess 4decrease5alter 6has undermined7 compromise 8controversial9resolved 10 abandonWord building4form formationoccupation occupysolve solution(To be continued)212 Third Editionpersuade persuasion transmit transmission original originality flexibility flexible secure security simple simplicity prosperousprosperity51 solution2 transmission3 prosperity4 formation5 flexible6 occupied7 originality8 productivity9 simplicity10 persuasion 11 representation 12 securityBanked cloze61 J2 C3 H4 D5 M6 G7 I8 A9 E 10 NExpressions in use71 cutting back on2 interfere with3 take a toll on4 at risk of5 dropped out6 in turn7 contribute to 8 are accustomed to 9 held on to 10in other wordsStructure analysis8(Continued )213UNIT 6 Earn as you learn?Structured writing9There are several reasons why people get fired from their jobs. First, people may lose their jobs if they have some dishonest behaviors, such as cheating in their job applications or telling lies in work. Second, employees may be fired due to poor attendance. No boss likes an employee who is often late for or absent from work. Third, people having difficulty getting along with their co-workers are also likely to be fired because they may cause conflicts in the workplace. Therefore, to be a good employee, it isimportant to be honest, punctual, and cooperative.10间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。
Unit 6II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptW: Are those cigarettes yours? I thought you quit. If you go back to it, your teeth and fingers will be nicotine-stained; your breath and clothes will smell smoky.M: I didn‟t. I swear. Ads showing diseased lungs kept me from starting again. Believe me, I‟ll never again be a slave to smoking.Q: Why didn‟t the man go back to smoking?ScriptM: What‟s that noise? It‟s really loud! Sounds like gunshots!W: It‟s the local “youth” throwing firecrackers. Don‟t go out. They‟re likely to throw one at you or put one through the letterbox if you bother them.Q: What may the young people do?3. ScriptM: I wish I had left my wallet at home. But I‟m sure I put it in my back pocket.W: Oh, no, it‟s easy for a pickpocket to take it from there. You should out your money in your breast pocket.Q: What should the man do, according to the conversation?4. ScriptM:I hate that subway station. Whenever you come our, you‟re always plagued by beggars.W: I know, but the kids really get to me. I can‟t help but feel sorry for them. They look so miserable.Q: What do the man and woman think about the young beggars?5. ScriptM: The bank call me today: they wanted to know if I spent 3,000 dollars in a furniture shop this morning! Of course I didn‟t!W: Someone must‟ve made a copy of your credit card. It‟s easily done. You‟ll have to cancel it at once and get a new one. Hopefully, the bank will cover the damage. Q: What does the woman recommend the man to do?Keys: 1.C 2.C3. B 4.A 5.DIII. Listening InTask 1: How to Solve Unemployment ProblemScriptAlan: I have a meeting with my accountant tomorrow morning. She‟s preparing my income tax return, and I need to go over some of the receipts with her. Pamela:Income tax return! Don‟t you think the government just squanders our hard-earned tax on some unnecessary projects?Alan: Sure, someone they do, but we are living pretty well and, to be honest, I don‟t mind paying taxes. If I‟m paying income tax, it means I‟m earningwould be much lower.Pamela: If the poor would just get jobs, our taxes would be much lower.Alan: Most people would rather work than receive charity, but the situation is complex: sometimes there are no jobs that they are trained for.Pamela: Then they should take the needed training—upgrade their skills and knowledge to become more employable.Alan:Training and upgrading cost money. Some government tax dollars are directed to programs that help the poor get jobs.Pamela:But even when jobs are available, some of the unemployed don‟t want to work. They would rather have a handout.Alan: It‟s partly a matter of education. Some people have to be educated to realize how much fuller their life would be if they were not dependent oncharity.Pamela: I think the government should attack unemployment by reducing the tax rate.That would put more money into people‟s pockets, then they would spendmore, and the spending would create more jobs for the poor.Alan:Many people would agree with you.Alan‟s accountant is preparing his income tax return, so he needs to go over some of the receipts wit her. Pamela complains that the government just squanders people‟s hard-earned tax money on some unnecessary projects. But Alan does not mind paying taxes, saying it means he is earning money, which is better than living on charity. Pamela insists that if the poor would just get jobs, taxes would bee much lower. Alan disagrees, saying most people would rather work than receive charity, but sometimes there are no jobs that they are trained for. But Pamela asserts that the jobless people should take the needed training to upgrade their skills and knowledge to become more employable. Alan believes that some of the government tax dollars are already directed to training and upgrading programs that help the poor to get jobs.When Pamela says some of the unemployed don‟t want to work, preferring to have handouts, Alan points out that some people have to be educated to realize how much fuller their life would be if they ere not dependent on charity. Pamela is, however, more down-to-earth, thinking the government should attack unemployment by reducing the tax rate. That would give people more money; then, they would spend more, which would create more jobs for the poor.Task 2: A Professional GamblerScriptIn a bar a guy told the bartender, “I‟m a professional gambler; I‟ve made of lots of money from gambling.”The bartender answered, “I can hardly believe it. Your odds are fifty-fifty at best, right?”“Well, I only bet on sure things,” said the guy.“Like what?” asked the bartender.The bartender thought about it, “Okay,” he said.So the guy pulled out his false right eye and bit it, “Ah, you screwed me,” said the bartender, and paid the guy fifty dollars.“I‟ll give you another chance. I‟ll bet you another fifty dollars that I can bite my left eye,” said the stranger.The bartender thought it over again and said, “Well, I can see you‟re not blind. I‟ll take that bet.”So, the guy pulled out his false teeth and bit his left eye. And the bartender had to pay him another fifty dollars.Then the guy went to the back room to play cards with some of the locals. After many hours of drinking and card playing, he stumbles up to the bartender and said, “Bartender, I‟ll give you one last chance. I‟ll bet you 500 dollars that I can dump tomato juice into that whiskey bottle three foot away without spilling a drop.”The bartender thought the guy must be drunk now, “Okay, you‟re on,” he said.The guy began dumping tomato juice all over the bartender, but no a drop fell into the whiskey bottle.The bartender was overjoyed. Laughing, the bartender said, “Hey, pal, you owe me five hundred dollars!”The guy said, “That‟s okay. I just bet the guys in the card room1, 000 bucks each, that I could dump tomato juice all over you but you still laugh!”Keys: TFTFTFor Reference1.Because not a drop tomato juice fell into the whiskey bottle, and he was to win thebet of 500 dollars.2.Because he just bet the guys in card room1, 000 buck each that he could dumptomato juice all over the bartender and still make him laugh.Task3: Fighting Teen SmokingScriptThe percentage of teens who smoke cigarettes dropped to 28% in 2003, according to a report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. That was down from 36% in 1999 as measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. It‟s a triumph for many people across the nation who worked tirelessly to reverse the climb in teen smoking rates during the 1990s.An equal accomplishment many be discovery of what works to influence teens‟motivation and behavior. Success has come in communities with a comprehensive program to fight tobacco use by teens. The best school health classes won‟t have much effect on teen who already smoke. Many of them need professional help before they can quit. Another interesting finding is that nearly all first use of tobacco occurs before high school graduation. So if adolescents don‟t start smoking by age 18, odds are they never will. For those who do experiment with cigarettes, new research shows teens can get hooked on nicotine more quickly than adults and by extremely low levels of tobacco.Now the bad news: while the teen smoking rate is down to 28%, that still means more than one in four teenagers still smoke. Public health and parents are not ready to abandon a quarter of today‟s young people to the damaging effects of tobacco. Obviously, it is still too early to celebrate a complete victory. There is still much room for improvement.1.What percentage did the teen smoking rate drop by?2.What happened in the 1990s, according to the speaker? Useful for reducing teensmoking according to the speaker?3.What is especially useful for reducing teen smoking according to the speaker?4.What is the bad news mentioned in the passage?5.What is the main idea of the passage?Kes: 1D 2.A 3. B 4.C 5.For ReferenceBefore the age of 18. According to the passage, if adolescents don‟t start smoking by age 18, odds are they never will.IV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 Nursing home abuse is a national epidemic. John: Nora, what are you doing? What are these notes about?Nora: Well, they are for a 1,000 word essay on abuse on the elderly, due Monday. John: That‟s a big topic. What made you decide to write about that subject?Nora: G ranny‟s going into a nursing home. And this essay is driving me crazy. John: Narrow down the topic. Pick one aspect, like nursing home. Do an outline. Nora: You mean list the ideas under headings: Introduction, Body, and the Conclusion?John: Yes. In the Introduction, say people live longer now, crowing nursing homes. Nora: Then maybe in the Body I can explain how the owners try to save money on food and care.John: Right. Here I see a good quotation: “Nursing home abuse is a national epidemic.”Nora:I have statistics: 500 homes inspected; in one-third, care was substandard. John:Mention government offices and lawyers who‟ll help in cases of abuse. Nora: Then, I think I can summarize the main ideas about the helpless elderly in the Conclusion.John: Good. When you‟ve written a first draft, read it aloud to eliminate awkward spots.Nora: I‟m feeling a lot better about this essay and a lot less worried about Granny now.John: The essay is a piece of cake; but ensuring Granny‟s OK is a lot harder.Now Y our TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Oh, Bobby, so you‟ve come to see me again.B: How are you doing? Hope everyone is OK here.A: My God, I can hardly bear the life here. This nursing home is driving crazy.B: What‟s wrong?>A: You see, there are to many old people here, but far too small a staff.B: Yeah, that‟s probably because people live longer now, crowding nursing homes. A: So we can hardily get attention. The owner tries to save money on food and care. B: I see, nursing home abuse is now a very common problem. I heard of one survey with statistics: 300 homes were inspects, and in nearly half of them care was substandard.A: Sometimes they even beat me. I don‟t know where and how I can get help.B: I n theory government offices and lawyers can help you in cases of abuse.A: But it is inconvenient for me to contact government offices again and again, and I‟m too poor to hire a lawyer.B: OK, aunt, since it‟s hard to ensure you‟re Ok here, I‟ll take you home. Mary and I will take care of you.A: Are you sure Mary thinks in the same way as you do?MODEL2 This beauty battled the bottle.Chris: Hey Nora.Nora: Hey Chris. How is it going?Chris:Not too bad. Sit down. Sit down. Hey, who was that food-looking girl you were talking to near the auditorium?Nora: “The Drunken Doctor”, Dr Doyle, who gave dynamite Ladies Only lecture. Chris: No, no. I mean the blonds, healthy-looking, the twenty-something girl in blue. Nora: Yeah, exactly. She‟s a doctor, but she used to be a drunk. Now she tells women the dangers of drinking.Chris:I can‟t imagine some one as pretty as she is to be a drunk. And a doctor, too! Nora: She says there are alcoholics all over the world, 16 million plus just in the U.S. Chris: I‟m surprised that there are so many people who lack the will-power to stop. Nora: It‟s a disease that strikes young and old, rich and poor, and al walks of life. Chris: Drunks are often dirty old men begging for money. How did Dr. Doyle get hooked?Nora: She was an intern in a big hospital: long hours, little sleep, and constant stress.Chris: I suppose at first alcohol helped her to relax, but she realized.Nora: First it was a drink at night, then two, then a bottle, then drinks to wake up. Chris: That‟s a sad story.Nora: More inspiring than sad. She got help and stopped. Now she helps others. Isn‟t that wonderful?Now Y our TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Hi, John, I‟m so glad to see you are back!B: It‟s nice to be home again, Mom.A: Oh, you smell terribly of alcohol and tobacco. You didn‟t smoke or drink before you left home a year ago. How did you get hooked?B: As an assistant engineer, I had to work might shifts often. I felt lonely and began to drink and smoke. That helped me to relax.A: So gradually you drank more and more?B: Yeah, first it was a drink at night, then two, then a bottle, and then I drank to wake up.A: Oh, I simply can‟t imagine my handsome son to be a drunk and a heavy smoker now. Can‟t you stop?B: It‟s difficult. I lack the will-power to stop.A: But remember the dangers of heavy drinking and smoking. Sooner or later you‟ll develop high blood pressure, heart trouble, or liver trouble.B: There are alcoholics all over the world, and they are still living.A:I‟m sorry that drinking and smoking ate diseases that strike young and old, rich and [poor, and all walks of life. Young must get help and stop.B: OK, I‟ll try my best.MODEL3 There are high risks with games of chance.ScriptSusan: Hey, Chris. Why so you look so depressed?Chris: Oh, it‟s my brother. You know, he has got a gambling problem. You can‟t understand gambling as an addiction unless you‟ve been hooked.Susan: Apparently it‟s like being addicted to drugs or alcohol. You just want more and more.Chris: It‟s exactly like alcoholism; it takes over you life. It‟s on your mind constantly. Susan: Yeah, like some horrible disease. But you can get help.Chris: My brother tried to stop, but he felt restless…bad tempered. His nerves were always on edge.Susan: Did he try Gamblers Anonymous? It‟s a self-help group with experience just like his.Chris: Yeah, he‟s not alone. It‟s estimated there are 10 million addicts in America. Susan: I don‟t want to nag him, but isn‟t it a question of taking control of his life? Chris: I see your point, but he‟s a compulsive gambler.Susan: I know. But if he gets help, maybe he‟ll get better.Chris: No doubt. It‟ll be tough. Though but worth it.Susan: Remember the proverb “Better medicine has wholesome effects.”Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Good morning, Mr. Brown, I‟m a correspondent with the magazine Health. I heat you‟ve overcome your gambling problem. First of all, could you describe your problems in the past?B: Yeah, I did have serious gambling problems. You can‟t understand gambling as an addiction till you‟ve been hooked.A: Could you tell me your feeling at the time?B: There was a sensation like the one that comes with drugs or alcohol, and I wanted more and more.A: How do you compare it with alcoholism?B: It‟s like alcoholism; it takes over your life. It‟s on your mind constantly.A: Did you try to get help?B: At first I didn‟t. I tried to stop on my own, but I felt restless and bad-tempered. My nerves were on edge.A: I see it‟s difficult for a compulsive gambler to overcome the problem. But how did you finally get rid of it?B: I went to a doctor for help. He made me realize that it was a question of getting hold of my life. He told me that if I thought of it as a disease, I would probably be cured. He also gave me some medicine.A: I guess it was a thought fight.B: Yes, though but worth it. Anyway, “Bitter pills may have wholesome effects.”V. Let’s TalkScriptToday I‟ll be presenting a report on our findings on the condition of the world‟s population. It may be a surprise to you that half the people in the world live on less than two dollars a day, and one billion people live on less than one dollar a day.I‟m going to look at poverty and its relationship to population issues. We must work fast if we hope to reduce poverty by half, by the year 2015.Our survey shows that the first step should be to improve health-care systems. In the world‟ poorest countries, people are expected to live just 49 years. One in ten children doesn‟t reach his or her first birthday. According to our study, poor health and poverty are linked. Women are affected most by poor-care systems, especially pregnant women.The second job we have to do, as many of you can guess, is to reduce birth rates. We have found that when given a choice, poor people in developing countries have fewer children than their parents dis. A possible reason for this is probably that smaller families have fewer expenses and more chances of increasing their earnings and savings.Since the 1970s, developing countries with lower birth rates have had faster economic growth. They have had higher productivity, more savings and more investment.Obviously we must encourage family planning and lower birth rates.Now, here is the third measure we must take: promote education in developing countries. Investing in education, especially for women, can reduce poverty. Educated women have more opportunities to work and a chance to live better. Moreover, they tend to send their children to food schools so that they can climb the social ladder. Well, any questions? None? OK. Now I‟ll talk about the fourth step we need to take…DiscussionSAMPLEA:To reduce poverty, it is very important to lower birth rates, as the speaker suggested in his lecture.B:True. Smaller families have fewer expenses and more chances to increase their earning and savings.A:Moreover, developing countries with lower birth rates have had faster economicgrowth.B: It‟s equally important to popularize education.A: Yes, investing in education, especially for women, can reduce poverty. Educated women, you know, have more opportunities to work and a chance to live better. B: Moreover, they tend to send their children to food school s so that they will climb the social ladder.A: The speaker also mentions the necessity to improve the health-care system. In fact, poor health and poverty are linked.B: I agree. If you are not in good health, you can‟t work well to get good pay. What‟s more, you have to spend lots of money on seeing doctors.A: Some countries are economically backward, so they try to develop a powerful tourism industry, and in this way they earn a lot of money.B: I think it is more important for them to develop their national economy. With fast economic growth, many people will shake off poverty.A: Poverty can be alleviated further by economic aid from rich countries.B: But I think technological aid from advanced countries can be more significant.With better technology, poor countries can develop faster on their on,. As the Chinese saying goes, it is better to teach someone how to fish than to give him fish.A: If less developed countries are allowed to export more of their workforce, they can earn more foreign currency.B: This requires developed nations to lower their tariff barriers.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Held Back Because I Speak SpanishScriptI was raised speaking English, but I also spoke Spanish at home. When I went to school for the first time, I was enrolled in ESL classes—classes of English as a Second Language. I was also put in the Limited English Proficiency Program. In all these classes, I always got the highest grades. I was the best reader and speaker. There as no reason for me to be in any of those classes.When my parents discovered that I was in those classes instead of in regular classes with other English-speaking students, they went to the school administration to complain about the discrimination. The school had nothing to say. My parents tried to get me out of the ESL classes, but the school fought it very hard to keep me there. And then we found out why—for every student the school had in the ESL and Limited English Proficiency Program, they would receive$400. This was pretty devastating. The school‟s only excuse for keeping me there was because I lived in aSpanish-speaking household, and that I was influenced by the way my parents spoke. My parents were outraged, but I remained in the ESL and Limited English Proficiency Program until I was in the fifth grade.Then parents transferred me to another school where they had friends. The new school gave me an English proficiency test. I aced it. SO I didn‟t have to attend those programs for non-native English speakers. I was finally on the right track and back at the head of the class. The first school I had would have never let me out of those programs or even let me take the test. I was too “Spanish” for tem.1.What kind of class does the speaker think he should attend?2.What was the real reason the speaker was placed in a Limited English Proficiencyclass?3.What was the excuse the school used to put the speaker in an ESL class?4.How did the speaker perform in the regular English class?5.When the speaker described his first school, what were his feeling?Keys: 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.ATask 2: Drinking, Gambling and GolfScriptA man was walking in the city when he was accosted by a particularly dirty-looking bum, who asked him for a couple of dollars for dinner.The man took out his wallet, extracted two dollars and asked, “If I give you this money, will you take it and buy whiskey?”“No, I stopped drinking years ago,” the bum said.“Will you use it to gamble?”“I don‟t gamble. I need everything I can get just to stay alive?”“Will you spend the money on green fees at a golf course?””Are you nuts? I haven‟t played golf for 20 years!”The mad said, “Well, I‟m not going to give you two dollars. Instead, I‟m going to take you to my home for a terrific dinner cooked by my wife.”The bum was surprised, “Won‟t your wife be furious with you for doing that? I know I …m dirty, and I probably smell pretty bad.”The man replied, “That‟s OK. I just want her to see what a man looks like who‟d given up drinking, gambling, and golf.”Task3: Why buy lottery tickets?ScriptCharles: Did you hear? Next week‟s lottery will be 28 million dollars! You got your ticket yet?Joan:I didn‟t buy lottery tickets, and I don‟t gamble on other ways, either.Lottery tickets ate just another way of taxing the poor.Charles: What do you mean by that?Joan:Many of the big spenders on lottery tickets ate poor. They are spending money they can‟t afford to spend.Charles: I just buy lottery tickets for fun. You know…the first prize is a huge amount, and if would be exciting.Joan: But you don‟t need the money to enjoy life, so for you it‟s a game. But when the poor buy lottery tickets, it is often out of desperation.Charles: You must be right. Casinos are opening everywhere, and many people go on gambling holiday—you can even take a gambling cruise.Joan:Imagine being on an ocean cruise and spending all your time indoors bent over a card table or a roulette wheel.Charles:Maybe there should be some programs to help people overcome their gambling addictions something similar to Alcoholics Anonymous.Joan:There‟s indeed an online program that can help. But nobody can force gamblers to join it. They must first want to be cured themselves.For Reference1.She thinks many (of the) big spenders on lottery are poor, spending money theycan‟t afford to spend.2.He just buys lottery tickets foe fun. He thinks if he won a huge amount, it wouldbe exciting.3.They buy lottery tickets out of desperation. And the thrill of a win, of somethingfor nothing, is addictive.4.Casinos are opening everywhere, many people go on gambling holidays, and onecan even take a gambling cruise.5.It will be helpful to habitual gamblers only when they want to be curedthemselves.News ReportHumanity is indivisible.ScriptKofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations:Peace must be sought above all because it is a condition for every member of the human family to live a life of dignity and security.We have entered the third millennium through a gate of fire. If today, after the horror of 11 September, we see better and we see farther, we will realize that humanity is indivisible.New threats make no distinction between races, nations, or regions. A new insecurity has entered every mind, regardless of wealth or status. A deeper awareness of the bonds that bind us all, in pain and in prosperity, has gripped young and old…because beneath the surface of state and nations, ideas and language, lies the fate of individual human beings in needed. Answering their needs will be the mission of the United Nations in the century to come. Thank you very much.。
Unit 6 Key to ExerciseSection ALanguage focusWords in use31 indicate2 conventional3 assess4 decrease5 alter6 has undermined7 compromise8 controversial 9 resolved 10 abandonWord building4-ionrepresentationformationoccupysolutionpersuasiontransmission-ityproductivityoriginalityflexiblesecuritysimplicityprosperity51 solution2 transmission3 prosperity4 formation5 flexible6 occupied7 originality 8 productivity 9 simplicity10 persuasion 11 representation 12 securityBanked cloze61 J2 C3 H4 D5 M6 G7 I8 A9 E 10 N Expressions in use71 cutting back on2 interfere with3 take a toll on4 at risk of5 dropped out6 in turn7 contribute to 8 are accustomed to 9 held on to10 in other wordsStructured Writing9There are several reasons why people get fired from their jobs. First, people may lose their jobs if they have some dishonest behaviors, such as cheating in their job supplications or telling lies in work. Second, employees may be fired sue to poor attendance. No bosslikes an employee who is often late for or absent from work. Third, people having difficulty getting along with their co-workers are also likely to be fired because they may cause conflicts in the workplace. Therefore, to be a good employee, it is important to be honest, punctual, and cooperative.Translation10间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅行或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。
新视野大学英语第三版第1册第六单元课后答案《新视野大学英语》现在有些学校使用第三版，有些学校使用第三版教材，下面为同学们了新视野大学英语第三版第一册第1单元、第2单元、第3单元、第4单元、第5单元、第6单元、第7单元、第8单元、第9单元、第10单元课后答案，第2版同样适用，供大家参考!1. boast2. registered3. employment4. peculiar5. Continuous6. graduated7. dump8. retreat9. contrary 10. trembled1. in2. of3. behind4. about5. At6. about/of7.with8. by9. on/upon 10. at1. I know who he is. So does she.2. We have e to realize all work is equally import. So has Sara.3. I’d like another drink. So would John.4. I’m not suppose d to know who else objects to the plan. Nor/Neither are they.5. He shouldn’t have imagined there would be joy in picking up trash. Nor/Neither should Steve.1. Even if the calculation is right2. even if they raise the price3. Even if she may not return me the money4. even if she doesn’t e5. Even if we achieve great suess in our work1. The police got to the station five minutes after the explosion, and so did the reporters.2. Even if you disagree with her, she is worth listening to.3. The news reporters were given nothing but bare facts by the officials in charge of the investigation.4. The room was well decorated, but the color of thecurtain did not go well with the overall style.5. Whenever we go back to the place where my husband was born, we always make the rounds of his relatives.6. Contrary to his hope, his girlfriend’s parents are not as approachable as his parents.1. 我问过好几个效劳员，可他们什么也没说，只朝着我笑，直到这时我才意识到我的英语不够好。
新视野大学英语（第三版）读写1 U校园参考答案Unit 1Word in use1.confidence2.explore3.emerged4.assume5.poseprehensive7.resources8.yield9.inherited 10.transmit Banked cloze1.D2.H3.A4.B5.M6.F7.O8.I9.G 10.J Expression in use1.got by2.make the most of3.in advance4.over time5.reap the benefits of6.all at once7.remind...of8.standa chance of 9.open the door to 10.take pleasure inTranslation孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派的创始人，被尊为古代的圣人。
他的言论和生平活动记录在论语一书中。
论语是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。
不研究论语，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。
孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。
在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。
Unit 3Word in usepetitive2.transform3.typical4.response5.adopted6.focusedpensate8.analyze9.regulate 10.estimate Banked close1.J2.H3.L4.N5.F6.I7.E8.A9.C 10.O Expression in use1. fired off2. keep up with3. set up4. account for5. stand out6. add to7. take the lead8. at a disadvantage9. in large part10.visit withTranslation中国航天业开创于1956年。
新视野大学英语第3版第1册Unit6课后答案新视野大学英语第3版第1册Unit6课后答案导语：《新视野大学英语》充分考虑了外语教学的主、客体需求，积极进行了教学手段的改革。
下面YJBYS店铺提供新视野大学英语第3版第1册Unit6课后答案，欢迎参考!新视野大学英语(第3版)第一册Unit6课后答案【Section A】Comprehension of the TextI.1. She didn’t like her first name because it didn’t suit her good looks and elegant manner, and it made her think she should be a cook.2. She felt more comfortable with herself and other people started to take her more seriously.3. the writer thi nks that the name change didn’t cause Debbie’s professional achievement, but it surely helped by making her feel more self-confident about her talents.4. The writer thought that his name, Joe, made him seem more qualified to be a baseball player than an art critic. He also believed that if he had a more refined name, like Arthur or Adrian, his name would appear complete.5. The woman felt ill at ease because the attractive man, whom she wanted the writer to introduce her to, was the same person whom she had once turned down due to his dull-sounding name.6. We often project name-based stereotypes onto people. For example, one of the writer’s women friends confessed that while taking charge of a group of four-year-olds at the nursery school, she became confused by their personalities because of their names.7. One study showed that teachers gave lower grades to essays written by boys with less appealing names than they awarded to the same papers by boys with better-sounding names.8. If you are determined enough, you can change your name.VocabularyIII.1. confessed2. reserve3. professional4. impressive5. latter6. convey7. qualify8. refined9. substitute 10. approvalIV.1. Correct form: fill out; synonym: fill in2. Correct form: feel comfortable with; synonym: feel comfortable about3. Correct form: attach first importance to; translation: 非常重视; 把……放在第一位4. Correct form: turned down; synonym: rejected; refused5. Correct form: came (up) to; definition: moved toward6. Correct form: pressing me for; definition: try in a determined way to get something.7. Correct form: free from/of; definition: not influenced by8. Correct form: stuck with; translation: 不得不接待; 被迫接待9. Correct form: for better or worse; definition: whether the result is good or bad10. Correct form: took charge of; synonym: took responsibility forV.1. M2. K3. L4. F5. I6. C7. H8. O9. E 10. BWordBuildingVI.illegal impolite irregular impatient incapableirresponsible inconsistent inappropriate incorrect indefinite1. impatient2. irresponsible3. inconsistent4. illegal5. inappropriate6. incapable7. irregular8. impolite9. incorrect 10. indefiniteVII.unnoticeable unreasonable ungrateful unlimited uncertain uncover unrecognizable unfashionable undo untidy unfold unload1. unreasonable2. unfolded3. uncertain4. uncovered5. ungrateful6. unloading7. unlimited8.undidSentence structureVIII.1. so is air to man2. so is the eagle of all birds3. so is beer to the British4. so is tea to the Chinese5. so do the English love their beerIX.1. While waiting at the doctor’s, I read an entire short story.2. After using the brush, put it in its proper place.3. Before being in the army, he was an engineer.4. I deliberately didn’t read the book before going to see the film.5. When buying a new car, it is best to seek expert advice.TranslationX.1. (Just) as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2. He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3. To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4. The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5. Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when (they are) required to answer questions.6. The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.XI.1. 足球之于意大利人，就像乒乓球之于中国人。
do quite a few in-depth research projects.• She resisted the temptation to laugh.noun + verb• An opportunity arose for me to work in China, so I went and spent a year there.•People feel educational standards slipped when the government cut finances.noun + noun•James has been a team leader / member / player, and he is now able to enjoy the fruits of his hard work.•Their demanding work schedule means they have less time to devote to school assignments. adjective + noun•And they reported lower levels of commitment to school and more modest educational aspirations.•This is not an empty threat; I will call the police if this happens again!verb + adverb• She smiled proudly as she looked at the photos of her new grandson.•I don’t like to travel with my brother because he drives carelessly.adverb + verb• I fully understand that there will be serious problems when doing this project.•You may respectfully listen to their advice, but don’t take it too seriously.In this unit about working part-time while studying, we have come across quite a few useful grammatical collocations, mainly in the patterns of “adjective + noun” and “noun + noun”.Please take a look at the following list of collocations in this unit:Text Astudent achievement, school performance, school engagement, heavy commitment, academicyear, school achievement, school commitment, educational aspirations, school careers, working students, school assignments, non-working students Text Bhigher education, undergraduate student, wealthy students, educational performance, formal education, educational funding, educational benefits PART IIKEY TO EXERCISESSECTION A111) A teaching assistant in kindergarten or a tutor2) A cashier in a store3) A waiter in a restaurant4) A car cleaner2 • I would like to work as a teaching assistantin kindergarten. I really enjoy spending timewith small children and I am thinking ofworking as a teacher in kindergarten in thefuture. So working as a teaching assistantwould definitely be a great experience for me.• I would like to work in a company, whetherbig or small, because in the future I plan toestablish my own business. Working part-time in a company would give me some ideaof what it is like to work in a company, howa company is run, and what job a boss shoulddo.210 Third Edition2In my opinion, the most important advantages of doing part-time jobs are: gaining work experience, acquiring communicative skills, and building connections for future career. In doing part-time jobs, especially those jobs which are related to my field of study, I can build up my work experience and enrich my resume. Besides, in working, I may have to communicate with different kinds of people, soit can help develop my communicative skills, which are essential to success. And in getting to know some important people in the workplace, I can build some contacts for my future career.Understanding the text11To measure the impact of employment on student achievement.2According to the research, a heavy commitment to part-time work undermines and significantly interferes with school achievement andcommitment.3About 10 hours per week or less.4Students become interested in study again.5Students may take easier classes, copyothers’ assignments, cut class, or refuse todo assignments, and over time, students’commitment to school is eroded bit by bit.6Students may find school less rewarding and interesting, and it is highly possible that thosewho have been working long hours will dropout of school before graduation.7Because teenagers working long hours frequently have more money to spend than their peers,and they often become used to spending theirearnings on drugs and alcohol.8Doing part-time jobs while studying isacceptable, but students should work nomore than 10 hours a week if they want to besuccessful in school. Critical thinking21 • Yes, I think early employment can definitelybuild character because besides study,you have to fit yourself into the workingenvironment. You can learn interpersonalskills, social responsibility and professionalethics in a working setting. Moreover, youhave to try hard to strike a balance betweenwork, study, and play. In this way, you willdevelop a strong sense of responsibility andboost your self-confidence.• No, not necessarily. Though early employmentmay help students to gain some workexperience, it is not necessarily helpful inbuilding their character. Because they have tospend quite a lot of time working and maybecome less responsible or less committedto their study. Too much work may also leadto alcohol and drug abuse. So, in some cases,early employment undermines character-building rather than help it.2 • Yes, I agree. Students have so many academictasks to complete in college that they hardlyhave any extra time for work. If they work,they will certainly have to spend less time andenergy on study, which is likely to depresstheir school performance. I see many workingstudents around me sleep in class, skip class,or copy others’ assignments. If they cannotbe responsible students when they should be,how could they become responsible peopleafter graduation? So, I think students shouldtake study as their main task instead of doingpart-time jobs.• No, I don’t agree. College students shouldprepare themselves for future careers, so theyneed not only to perform well academicallybut also develop other skills becausesurviving in society requires more than bookknowledge. Working part-time can exposestudents to the real world and help themacquire basic interpersonal skills. Besides, byearning money to pay for their study, collegestudents can learn how to manage their211UNIT 6 Earn as you learn?money and become less dependent on theirparents.3 • Yes, I agree with the author that workingwhile studying has many negative impactson students, such as not getting enough rest,decreased school performance, abuse of drugsand alcohol. As one’s time and energy arelimited, working, even part-time, will affectone’s study. Therefore, students should takestudy seriously and it is critical not to worklong hours while studying at college.• No, I don’t think there are so many negativeimpacts of working while studying asmentioned by the author. I have manyclassmates who are working part-timeto cover their tuition. Most of them areresponsible students as they want to sharethe financial burden with their parents. Theyalso study very hard for scholarships. At thesame time, they try to make full use of theirworking time. Some of them work with theirprofessors in the lab, so their work does notinterfere with their study. In fact, workingmay benefit their study because they canapply what is learned in class in practice.4 • Yes, I think part-time jobs may help builda sense of responsibility, which in turn mayenhance students’ school performance.Because if you take part-time jobs whilestudying, you have to follow the work ethics,observe the working schedule, work up toexpectations, contribute to teamwork, andbalance work and study. All these will helpyou to multitask, to be more efficient, tocultivate a sense of responsibility, and toenhance your school performance.• No, I don’t think part-time jobs help to builda sense of responsibility, not to mentionenhancing students’ school performancebecause students who take part-time work,especially those who work long hours, haveto strike a balance between work and study.To meet the demanding working schedule,more often than not, they have to cut corners,for example, by devoting less time to studyor ignoring homework. Moreover, they mayspend more on entertainment and luxurygoods as they have more spending money.Students who work long hours usually fail tomeet the academic requirements and have noclear plan for career development.5Part-time employment provides a good opportunity for students to learn many otherthings other than book knowledge. It has many positive influences:• building a sense of responsibility as you haveto accomplish your tasks;• building self-discipline as you have to manageyour time well and rely on yourself;• gaining social skills and work experienceas you interact with people outside theclassroom;• broadening your vision as you learn about theworkplace and society;• having more employment opportunities asyou gain work experience in preparation foryour future career.Words in use31indicate 2conventional3assess 4decrease5alter 6has undermined7 compromise 8controversial9resolved 10 abandonWord building4form formationoccupation occupysolve solution(To be continued)212 Third Editionpersuade persuasion transmit transmission original originality flexibility flexible secure security simple simplicity prosperousprosperity51 solution2 transmission3 prosperity4 formation5 flexible6 occupied7 originality8 productivity9 simplicity10 persuasion 11 representation 12 securityBanked cloze61 J2 C3 H4 D5 M6 G7 I8 A9 E 10 NExpressions in use71 cutting back on2 interfere with3 take a toll on4 at risk of5 dropped out6 in turn7 contribute to 8 are accustomed to 9 held on to 10in other wordsStructure analysis8(Continued )213UNIT 6 Earn as you learn?Structured writing9There are several reasons why people get fired from their jobs. First, people may lose their jobs if they have some dishonest behaviors, such as cheating in their job applications or telling lies in work. Second, employees may be fired due to poor attendance. No boss likes an employee who is often late for or absent from work. Third, people having difficulty getting along with their co-workers are also likely to be fired because they may cause conflicts in the workplace. Therefore, to be a good employee, it isimportant to be honest, punctual, and cooperative.10间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。
Unit 11.选词填空explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的)1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school.2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep.3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared.4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability.6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high.7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population.8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population.9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.2.15选10attain赢得，获得，得到fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue 追求，致力于available可获得的可利用的qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加passion强烈的爱好，热爱virtually实际上classify分类归类acquire获得，取得，学到fashionable流行的especially特别的sample样品，标本prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5)virtually day and night, because they find some computer programs (6)fascinating, and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day. Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for abetter and more (7)prosperous future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8)acquire knowledge from all of the resources which are(9)available to them, and finally, to succeed in the future job market. Thirdly, there are still some students who learn without a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don't want to (10)sample anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives.3.选词组open the door to 给···以机会in advance 预先，提前all at once 同时，一下子reap the benefits (of) 得享（某事物）的好处make the most of最大限度的利用某物over time逐渐地，慢慢地get by过活，活的去stand a chance (of)有（做成某事）的希望remind ... of 使某人想起take pleasure in乐于做某事1. My family got by on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to make the most of their time on the way to work.3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeks in advance.4. Experts say our company is amazing in that sales have been increasing steadily over time .5. In order to reap the benefits of the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.6. They all tried to talk all at once , but I couldn't hear anything they said.7. Yellow flowers in the field always remind me of my childhood in the countryside.8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should stand a chance ofwinning the game.9. Research on genes will open the door to exciting new medical treatments.10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I take pleasure in acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention such a success.4.汉译英孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的"圣人"（sage）。
