a. meta analysis and systematic review A meta analysis of 15 RCTs (surgery, trauma, head injury, burns or suffering from acute medical conditions), showed early EN can reduce the infectious complications and length of stay. systematic review of 19 studies can show early EN play a positive effect on the survival rate、length of treatment, the rate of septic. and other complications,the conclusion provide 1 level evidence for using the early EN. b. Individual studies: (recommendation level C) Moore and Jones Graham和coworkers Chiarelli et al Eyer et al Hasse et al Singh et al
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indication Application
Recommendations
All patients who are not expected to be on a full oral diet within 3 days There are no data support using early EN can improve their Prognosis,but the committee still recommend the early (<24h)appropriate amount of feeding, once the patient have a haemo-dynamically stable and a functioning gastrointestinal tract. Exogenous energy supply: the acute and initial phase:≥25kcal/kg/d less favourable Recovery: ≥25kcal/kg/d severe under-nutrition:the EN energy supply should up to 25kcal/kg/d,if not reached,please add PN If the patient intolerance (such as high gastric residuals) to EN, metoclopramide(胃复安)or Erythromycin(红霉素) should be considered.