Part 1 Lead-inTeaching tipsHelp the students understand that body language is the type of communication in which a person uses the body, including facial expressions, to react to situations. It will be of great benefit to develop one's ability to read and understand signals and signs of body language as this will help in easily understanding the nature of other human beings and also improve communication with them.ACTIVITY 1 LISTENINGBody LanguageTapescript:Some of us think that what we say (verbal communication) is more important than how we say that. Researches show that we could not be more wrong. Do you know what the numbers 55% - 38% - 7% mean? 55% body, 38% tone and 7% words. How 1 incredible! Non-verbal communication is more important than verbal. We can be saying wise and clever things but if they are not 2 coherent with our body language, no one will believe us. When we are talking to other people we want to be sure that they are listening and understand us, otherwise we are wasting our precious time. We can see whether a person is listening to us by 3 observing their body movements. Let's make an experiment. When speaking to people, observe if:(1). they 4 maintain eye contact(2). their hands are 5 inclined forward(3). they are nodding their heads(4). their feet are pointing towards the speaker(5). they often smile.Check the answers:1. incredible2.coherent3. observing4. maintain5. inclinedTeaching tipsAllow the students to listen to the passage once to get the general idea of the passage. Then let the students listen to the tape again to pay attention to some details.ACTIVITY 2 VIEWINGDirections: Watch the video on How to Talk to Your Cat twice, and decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is false,correct it.Video Transcript：How to Talk to Your CatSure, you talk to your cat now, but does he know what the heck you’re saying? And do you understand his purrs and meow s? If not, it’s time to have a good chat with your furry friend.You will need:o A willingness to look sillyo Attention to pay to his soundso A working knowledge of cat body languageStep 1: Mimic his soundsCreate greater intimacy with your cat by mimicking his meows. Just knowing that you’re attempting to speak his language will make him feel closer to you.Step 2: Use his nameIncrease your chances of your cat listening to you by using his name when you’re issuing a command.Men should use a higher-pitched voice when speaking to their cats, because cats respond better to sopranos.Step 3: Watch your toneLike humans, cats seek clues about a person’s mood by listening to his voice. So when you talk to your cat, be sure that your tone matches the message you want to convey.If you want your cat to know you’re upset that he just peed on the rug, do what his mom would do: Gently pick him up by the scruff of his neck and growl.Step 4: Learn his languageCats have about 100 words in their vocabulary in the form of meows, growls, purrs and hisses. Pay close attention and you’ll begin to learn the sounds he makes when he’s hungry, angry, fearful and so on.Step 5: Read his tailLearn how to read your cat’s tail. If only the tip is moving, he’s irritated. If the ta il is swinging from side to side, he’s PO’d. If he’s carrying his tail tall and proud, he’s happy.Step 6: Interpret speed and volumeFigure out kitty’s mood by paying attention to the speed and volume of his mewling. Fast, loud sounds indicate anxiety, while slow, quieter sounds convey confidence. Did you know, in ancient Egypt, cats were so revered that when one died, the owner placed embalmed mice in the cat’s coffin so he’d have food in the afterlife.Note:PO’d：very angry (slang; not polite)Check the answers:Statements True / False Correct Answers 1. In order to have a good chat withyour cat you only need a willingness to look silly. FalseIn order to have a good chat withyour cat you will need:A willingness to look sillyAttention to pay to his soundsA working knowledge of cat bodylanguage2. When you talk to your cat, be surethat your tone matches the messageyou want to convey.True3. Cats have about 100 words in their vocabulary in the form of meows, growls, purrs and hisses.True 4. Fast, loud sounds indicate anxiety,while slow, quieter sounds indicate intimacy. FalseFast, loud sounds indicateanxiety, while slow, quietersounds convey confidence.ACTIVITY 3 SPEAKINGDirections: Work in pairs, discuss the following questions. Then share your opinions with the whole class.How Do We Communicate?⏹Ask the students to work in pairs, and then ask one or two groups to present theirown discussions.⏹Some ideas for reference:Animals communicate with each other and other species in the same ways we do, through vocalization and body language cues.We can communicate by words, by gestures, symbolic expressions and various other methods of communication. For example the way you walk, your posture, and the clothes you wear can communicate about you to others. Similarly, it is said that a mere cheerful look makes a dish a feast.A person will assume different roles to fit different situations, such as a) when talking to a business associate, b) when talking to an intimate friend, c) when talking to a subordinate, d) when talking to a spouse and e) when talking to a pet dog.Teaching tipsACTIVITY 1 ORAL FUNCTIONSDirections: Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the way of clarification.Help the students know more about clarification:While clarifying doesn’t actually sort out the problem, it does help to ensure that both parties have the same understanding about what the problem is. It also gives each the opportunity to agree or amend their understanding, and in this way enables them to move forward towards a resolution.The difficulty is that when we hear something negative it is human nature to take it as criticism. This immediately puts us on the defensive and/or we start fighting back before really having a full understanding of the issue being presented to us.ACTIVITY 2 ORAL PRACTICETask1ListeningDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.Tapescript:On HouseworkA: I know I don’t help much with the children, but I’m at work all day. It’s such a rush in the mornings and by evening time I’m tired and there’s usually only about an hour before they go to bed. What you forget is that although my wo rk isn’t physical, it is very stressful! I usually spend part of the weekend doing jobs around the house or gardening and shopping with you, and I also play with the children as much as I can.B: So you don’t think my job looking after the children and the home is as difficult as yours and I shouldn’t complain?A: No –I’m not saying that, I think it is a difficult job which you do extremely well. What I’m trying to tell you is why I feel I can’t do much more.B: But do you think I’m being unfair to say you don’t spend enough time with the children?Check the answers:I know; you don’t think; I’m not saying that; What I’m trying to tell you;do you think;Task 2 ViewingDirections: Watch the video clip of Titanic twice. Pay attention to the following two examples of clarification and fill in the blanks.Video Transcript：JACK: Don’t do it!ROSE: Stay back! Don’t come any closer!JACK: Come on! Just give me your hand and I’ll pull you back over.ROSE: No, stay where you are! I mean it! I’ll let go!JACK: No you won’t!ROSE: What do you mean, no, I won’t? Don’t presume to tell me what I will and will not do. You don’t know me.JACK: Well, you would have done it already.ROSE: You’re distracting me. Go away!JACK: I can’t. I’m involved now. You let go, and I’m gonna have to jump in there after you.ROSE: Don’t be absurd. You’d be killed.JACK: I’m a good swimmer.ROSE: The fall alone would kill you.JACK: It would hurt, I’m not saying it wouldn’t. To tell you the truth, I’m a lot more concerned about that water being so cold.ROSE: How cold?JACK: Freezing. Maybe a couple of degrees over. Have you ever, uh, ever been toWisconsin?ROSE: What?JACK: Well, they have some of the coldest winters around. I grew up there, near Chippewa Falls. I remember when I was a kid, me and my father, we went ice-fishing out in Lake Wisota. Ice-fishing is, you know, when you…ROSE: I know what ice-fishing is!Check the answers:Example 1:ROSE: No, stay where you are! I mean it! I’ll let go!JACK: No you won’t!ROSE: What do you mean, no, I won’t? Don’t presume to tell me what I will and will not do. You don’t know me.JACK: Well, you would have done it already.Example 2:JACK: It would hurt, I’m not saying it wouldn’t. To tell you the truth, I’m a lot more concerned about that water being so cold.ROSE: How cold?JACK: Freezing. Maybe a couple of degrees over. Have you ever, uh, ever been to Wisconsin?ROSE: What?JACK: Well, they have some of the coldest winters around. I grew up there, near Chippewa Falls. I remember when I was a kid, me and my father, we went ice-fishing out in Lake Wisota. Ice-fishing is, you know, when you…ROSE: I know what ice-fishing is!Task 3 SpeakingDirections: Work with a partner and then come up with two dialogues that include clarification.Try to use as many as possible of the usefulexpressions and ideas that you learned in this unit.Teaching tipsSample:A: I’m so fed up with the arguments. There’s such an atmosphere - when you walk into the office you can cut it with a knife! I’ve started dreading going to work and on some mornings when I’m getting ready, I actually start feeling sick. She doesn’t seem to be affected by it at all, but I just don’t enjoy my job any more.B: So you’re finding it difficult to go to work because of this woman’s behavior, and it sounds like you’re thinking about leaving?A: No –that’s just it! I used to love my job, and I still love the work. It’s just her that I’m finding difficult. What I want is for her to behave differently.In this instance, while Person A seemed to be saying that she wanted to leave her job, in fact what she was saying that she wanted the situation in the office to change, so that she could once again enjoy her work.Notes:you could cut the atmosphere with a knife: something that you say to describe a situation in which everyone is feeling very angry or nervous and you feel that something unpleasant could soon happen.Part 3 In-putting & Out-puttingACTIVITY 1 LISTENING TO LEARNIn this section, you will hear a passage about baby sign language. Before you listen, think about the following questions:⏹What is baby sign language?⏹Does baby signing help or hinder?Background information:Baby sign language is a method in which you and your infant (or toddler) uses specific handshapes and motions to convey words and meaning (quickly and easily) with each other.Tapescript:Baby Sign LanguagePrior to mastering the art of speech, your baby has great difficulty in communicating his needs to you. This can cause frustration for you both -- yet there is a solution. Baby sign language is rapidly becoming popular as a means of recognizing -- and responding to -- a young baby's needs.Babies can be taught sign language from any age, but they really begin to take notice of the signs from around six months and may begin using them from as early as seven to eight months of age. As many parents will testify, babies understand an awful lot more than they are able to communicate through speech at this stage.Some parents fear that using baby sign language may hamper their child's speech development later on. Research into this subject, however, shows that children taught baby sign in infancy go on to develop superb language skills. In some cases, they may learn to speak earlier and often have an increased ability to learn a second language.There are other benefits to introducing baby sign language - studies indicate that children who sign often develop a higher than average IQ. The major advantage for parents, of course, is to be able to identify their babies' needs and respond appropriately -- easing the frustrations that can lead to tantrums. Once this channel of communication is open, many parents feel that a deeper bond with their child is formed, creating a great sense of harmony.Task 1 Listening for InformationDirections: Listen to the passage once and decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is false, correct it.Statements True/ False Correct Answers1. Baby sign language is becomingpopular as a means of recognizing-- and responding to -- a youngbaby's needs.True2. Babies can be taught signlanguage from any age.True3. Baby sign language hampersbabies’ speech development. FalseResearch shows thatchildren taught baby signin infancy go on todevelop superb languageskills.4. Studies indicate that children whosign often develop an average IQ. FalseStudies indicate thatchildren who sign oftendevelop a higher thanaverage IQ.Task 2 Listening for DetailsDirections: The following sentences are taken from the passage you have just heard. Listen carefully again and fill in the blanks.1. Prior to mastering the art of speech, your baby has great difficulty in communicatinghis needs to you.2. As many parents will testify, babies understand an awful lot more than they are ableto communicate through speech at this stage.3. In some cases, they may learn to speak earlier and often have an increased ability to learn a second language.4. Once this channel of communication is open, many parents feel that a deeper bond with their child is formed, creating a great sense of harmony.Task 3 Oral PracticeDirections: Take a survey. Ask your classmates about their opinions on the importance of body language. Then explain the results of yoursurvey to the class.Teaching tips■Allow students time to share their ideas.■Circulate and help students with vocabulary as needed.More for teachersBenefits of using baby sign languagePromotes the development of language skillsReinforces language skills already developedReduces frustration at not being able to express needsIt is true that eyes are the mirror of the soulThe facts about negative emotions, confusion, not understanding, lying, distracted, non-interest and anger is very well expressed with eyes. If you look away in an airy fairy manner, it clearly suggests you are not comprehending the topic of group discussion.It takes ten seconds to make a first impression and a lifetime to undo itAccording to some studies, 93% of communication is non-verbal. Out of this 55% is through body language and 38% is tone of voice and balance 7% of total communication is verbal. ACTIVITY 2VIEWING TO LEARNIn this section, you will watch and hear Alison Doyle, a Job Searching Guide, talking about the importance of body language during a job interview.Video Transcript：Hi, I'm Alison Doyle for . What you don't say during an interview is as important as what you do say. How you dress, your body language, and your communication skills will all be evaluated by the interviewer. Today I'm going to show you the best ways to use them to your advantage.Job Interview Communication College Journal reports that, according to some studies, body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and paralanguage, or the intonation -- pauses and sighs given when answering -- represents 38% of the emphasis. To maximize the perceptions you communicate, you want to use these non-verbal impressions to your advantage.Job Interview AttireFirst, consider your interview attire. Surveys show that dressing unprofessionally or untidily is the leading reason that candidates are excluded from consideration. This candidate already has more strikes against her than she can afford: inappropriate clothing, chewing gum, drinking coffee, and overall unprofessionalism. Dressing appropriately in a clean and professional interview outfit can increase your chances of getting a job offer.Nonverbal Communication in InterviewsNonverbal communication is as important, or even more important, than verbal communication. The evaluation of your nonverbal communication will start as soon as you walk into the company's lobby and continue until the interview is finished.Turn off your cell phone before you enter the building. Talking on the phone during an interview is not only disruptive, it's rude.Prepare for the InterviewPrepare answers to typical interview questions in advance, so you're comfortable responding.Job Interview Body LanguageIt's important to make eye contact with your interviewer and to focus on the question. Stay relaxed, but do not laugh or crack jokes at inappropriate times. You should show personality, but don't overdo it because you're nervous or over-eager.Relax and lean forward a little towards the interviewer so you appear interested and engaged. Don't lean back or slump in your chair. You will look too casual and relaxed. Keep your feet on the floor and your back against the lower back of the chair. Pay attention, be attentive, and look interested. Focus on the interviewer, and don’t get distracted.A polished and professional image is what is going to get you to the next stage of the hiring process, a second interview or even a job offer. Thanks for watching. To learn more, visit us on the Web at .Task 1 Viewing for InformationDirections: Watch the talk once and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.Check the answers:1. A2. B3.CTask 2 Viewing for DetailsDirections: In this talk, Alison Doyle gives us several tips on how to speak through appearance and body language in order to create a positiveimpression. Watch the video clip again and write down the tipsmentioned.Check the answers:1. Dress professionally2. Utilize non-verbal communication3. Avoid interruptions4. Come prepared5. Maintain body languageTask 3 Oral PracticeDirections: Work with a partner and use the clues given below to re-create two paragraphs. Student A does the first paragraph, while Student B listens and checks it. Then change roles and continue with paragraph two.1.According to some studies, body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and paralanguage, or the intonation -- pauses and sighs given when answering -- represents 38% of the emphasis. To maximize the perceptions you communicate, you want to use these non-verbal impressions to your advantage.2.It's important to make eye contact with your interviewer and to focus on the question. Stay relaxed, but do not laugh or crack jokes at inappropriate times. You should show personality, but don't overdo it because you're nervous or over-eager. Part 4 Follow-up ActivitiesACTIVITY 1 LISTENING TO LEARNTask 1 Listening for InformationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanksnumbered 1 to 8 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanks numbered 9 to 11, fill in the missing information, using theexact words you have just heard or your own words. Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, check what you have written. Tapescript:On LanguageWhen each of you in this room were born, there were 6,000 languages spoken on the (1)planet. Now, a language is not just a body of (2)vocabulary or a set of grammatical rules. A language is a (3)flash of the human spirit. Every language is an old-growth forest of the mind, a watershed, a thought, an ecosystem of spiritual (4)possibilities.And of those 6,000 languages, as we sit here today in Monterey, fully half are no longer being (5)whispered into the ears of children. They're no longer being taught to babies, which means, (6)effectively, unless something changes, they're already dead. What could be more lonely than to be enveloped in (7)silence, to be the last of your people to speak your language, to have no way to pass on the (8)wisdom of the ancestors or anticipate the promise of the children? And yet, (9)that dreadful fate is indeed the plight of somebody somewhere on Earth roughly every two weeks, because every two weeks, some elder dies and carries with him into the grave the last syllables of an ancient tongue.And I know there's some of you who say, "Well, wouldn't it be better? (10) Wouldn't the world be a better place if we all just spoke one language?" And I say, "Great, let's make that language Yoruba. Let's make it Cantonese. Let's make it Kogi." And you'll suddenly discover (11)what it would be like to be unable to speak your own language.Task 2 Oral PracticeDirections: Look carefully at the following cartoons and topics, then pick one of them. Present a three-minute speech on it before your class. Try touse as many as possible of the useful expressions and ideas thatyou learned in this unit.Teaching Tips●Put the students into groups and ask them to prepare for this part before class.●Encourage students to use the Internet and other resources.●Evaluation is necessary after the students’ presentations.ACTIVITY 2 VIEWING TO LEARNTask 1 Viewing for InformationDirections: Watch the video On the World's English Mania. Then answer the three questions below.Background information:Jay Walker explains why two billion people around the world are trying to learn English. He shares photos and spine-tingling audio of Chinese students rehearsing English -- "the world's second language" -- by the thousands.Video Transcript：On the World's English ManiaLet's talk about manias. Let's start with Beatle mania. Hysterical teenagers, crying, screaming, pandemonium. Sports mania. Deafening crowds. All for one idea: Get the ball in the net. Okay, religious mania. There's rapture. There's weeping. There's visions. Manias can be good. Manias can be alarming. Or manias can be deadly. The world has a new mania. A mania for learning English. Listen as Chinese students practice their English by screaming it.Teacher: ... change my life!Students: I will change my life.T: I don't want to let my parents down.S: I don't want to let my parents down.T: I don't ever want to let my country down.S: I don't ever want to let my country down.T: Most importantly ...S: Most importantly ...T: I don't want to let myself down.S: I don't want to let myself down.Jay Walker: How many people are trying to learn English worldwide? Two billion of them.Students: A T-shirt. A dress.JW: In Latin America, in India, in Southeast Asia, and most of all in China. If you are a Chinese student you start learning English in the third grade, by law. That's why this year China will become the world's largest English speaking country. (Laughter) Why English? In a single word: Opportunity. Opportunity for a better life, a job, to be able to pay for school, or put better food on the table. Imagine a student taking a giant test for three full days. Her score on this one test literally determines her future. She studies 12 hours a day for three years to prepare. 25 percent of her grade is based on English. It's called the Gaokao. And 80 million high school Chinese students have already taken this grueling test. The intensity to learn English is almost unimaginable. Unless you witness it.T: Perfect! S: Perfect!T: Perfect! S: Perfect!T: I want to speak perfect English.S: I want to speak perfect English.T: I want to speak -- S: I want to speak --T: perfect English. S: perfect English.T: I want to change my life!S: I want to change my life!JW: So is English mania good or bad? Is English a tsunami, washing away other languages? Not likely. English is the world's second language. Your native language is your life. But with English you can become part of a wider conversation. A global conversation about global problems. Like climate change or poverty. Or hunger or disease. The world has other universal languages. Mathematics is the language of science. Music is the language of emotions. And now English is becoming the language of problem solving. Not because America is pushing it. But because the world is pulling it. So English mania is a turning point. Like the harnessing of electricity in our cities, or the fall of the Berlin Wall, English represents hope for a better future. A future where the world has a common language to solve its common problems. Thank you very much. (Applause)Task 2 Oral Practice1. Directions: Read the following dialogue and discuss with your partner aboutLanguage Learning according to the key points listed in the box.Dashan’s Feelings about Language LearningZhao Wei: You have been in China for so many years, what’s yo ur feeling about living in China? Do you enjoy it?Dashan: Well, actually, I lived in China full time for 7 years, from 1988 to 1995. But now since 1995, I live half in Canada and half in China. I really enjoy that, because I enjoy my work in China and my friends and everything here. But I also enjoy Canada. So I find the best thing for me is to go back and forth, because that way I can continue with my career here and have my normal life in Canada where nobody recognizes me. For me, both of those together are really the best combination.Zhao: I think Chinese people are more familiar with you speaking Chinese, but our magazine needs you to speak English. So it’s lucky for us to hear your English this time. I just wonder which language do you speak more in your daily life, Chinese or English?Dashan:It’s hard to say, because sometimes it depends on what you are doing, whom you are talking with and what subject you are talking about. But I find talking about something very Chinese is difficult to do in English. And also from the opposite way, sometimes trying to explain something about western culture in Chinese is difficult too.Zhao: You are considered a successful foreign language learner, could you share with us your experience in learning foreign languages?Dashan: I studied Chinese for 4 years in my university in Canada. I think one of the things my teacher did very well was to get away from traditional textbooks as soon as possible. We used the standard textbooks for the first 2 years, because you have to learn the pinyin, you have to learn the basic characters and basic grammar. For those things, textbooks are the best, because they are very scientific. Everything is nicely arranged for you to learn in order. But language itself is not like that. In many ways, it’s not really a very scientific thing. I think many people in China who study English have a mistake. They try to use very scientific methods to study something that itself is very unscientific.Key Points in Discussionfeelings about living in Chinadepend onexperiences in learning foreign languages。
