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专业八级英国美国文学知识考点

专业八级英国美国文学知识考点
专业八级英国美国文学知识考点

英国文学

一、古英语时期的英国文学(499-1066)

1、贝奥武夫

2、阿尔弗雷德大帝:英国散文之父

二、中古英语时期的英国文学

1、allegory体非常盛行

2、Romance开始上升到一定的高度

3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士

4、Willian Langlaud 《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》

5、乔叟坎特伯雷故事集(英雄双韵体)

6、托马斯.马洛礼《亚瑟王之死》

三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学(伊丽莎白时代)(14-16世纪)

1、托马斯.莫尔《乌托邦》

2、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet

3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》

《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活;现代长篇小说的先驱

4、斯宾塞《仙后》诗人中的诗人;斯宾塞体诗节;

5、莎士比亚:

长篇叙事诗:《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》

四大悲剧:哈姆雷特、尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白

7、本.琼森风俗喜剧(comedy of manners)《人性互异》

8、约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人

9、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣

10、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑

《学术的推进》和《新工具》

四、启蒙时期(18世纪)

1、约翰、弥尔顿:《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》

2、约翰、班扬:《天路历程》religious allegory

3、约翰、德莱顿:英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人;

《论戏剧诗》

4、亚历山大.蒲柏:英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表;英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用;《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作

5、托马斯、格雷:感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》

6、威廉、布莱克:天真之歌、经验之歌;

7、罗伯特、斯:格兰最杰出的农民诗人;

8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》

9、Samuel defoe英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一;《鲁滨逊漂流记》;《铲除非国教徒的捷径》,仪表达自己的不满;

10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》;《格列佛游记》;《桶的故事》;

11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人;帕米拉;克拉丽莎;查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史;

12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人;《约瑟夫。安德鲁》;《汤姆.琼斯》,英国现实主义小说的最高成就;

13、劳伦斯、斯特恩:感伤主义小说的杰出代表,《项狄传》,第一部开创了意识流小说的先驱之作品;《感伤的旅行》

14、Oliver Goldsmith:《好心人》;《屈伸求爱》;《威客菲尔德牧师传》,感伤主义文学;

诗歌《荒村》从新古典主义向浪漫主义过渡的标志;

散文作品《世界公民》;

15、里丹:《造谣学校》,莎士比亚之后最杰出的英国喜剧,是整个英国史上最优秀的作品之一;达到英国“风俗喜剧”之巅;

五、维多利亚时期的英国文学(19世纪)

1、威廉、华兹华斯:桂冠诗人;《独自云游》《孤独的割麦女》

《抒情歌谣集》最杰出的诗篇;

《序曲》;

2、柯勒律治:《古舟子咏》《忽必烈汗》《克里斯贝尔》

3、骚赛:桂冠诗人;《Thalaba the destroyer》是骚赛最重要的长篇史诗之一;另一各是《格拉玛的诅咒》

4、乔治、戈登、拜伦:《唐璜》

5、雪莱:《阿多尼》,悼念济慈,英国史上最杰出的挽歌之一;

《西风颂》、《解放了的普罗米修斯》《致云雀》《诗辩》(A defence of poetry);

6、约翰、济慈:《圣。阿格尼斯节前夕》是使人最杰出的作品之一;

许多颂歌:《秋颂》《夜莺颂》《希腊古翁颂》

7、阿尔弗雷德、丁尼生:《Break,break,break,》;《公主》;

《悼念In memoriam》英国史上最优秀的挽歌之一;

8、罗伯特、布朗宁:首创dramatic monologue;

《环与树》英国19世纪最杰出的长诗之一;

9、伊丽莎白、布朗宁:《孩子们的哭声》;

10、托马斯、昆西:《一个抽鸦片人的独白》,对詹姆斯、乔伊斯和T.S 艾略特产生一定影响;

11、沃尔特、司各特:历史小说之父;

12、简、奥斯汀

13、勃朗特三姐妹

14、乔治、艾略特:原名玛丽安、伊万斯;19世界现实主义小说的杰出代表,同时是多产且学识渊博的作家;《亚当、比的》、《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》《织工马南》《米德尔马契》

15、盖斯凯尔夫人:《玛丽巴顿》;《夏洛蒂勃朗特传》

16、查尔斯、狄更斯:

乐观时期:《波兹特写》《匹克维克外传》《雾都孤儿》《老古玩店》;

不乐观时期:《美国札记》《董贝父子》《大卫科波菲尔》

后期:《荒凉山庄》《艰难时事》《双城记》《远大前程》

17、萨克雷:《名利场》《亨利埃斯蒙德》《纽克母一家》

18、托马斯、哈代:

《远离尘嚣》《还乡》《喀斯特桥市长》《威塞克斯故事集》

《列王》the dynasts:哈代思想艺术集大成之作

19、约瑟夫、路德亚林、吉普林(Joseph Rudyard Kipling)1907年诺贝尔文学奖;20:约瑟夫、康拉德:《黑暗的心》

21:奥斯卡、王尔德

六、20世纪的英国文学

1、愤怒的青年:金斯利、埃米斯(幸运儿吉姆);艾伦、西里脱(星期六晚上和星期天早上);约翰、奥斯本(愤怒的回顾);

2、叶芝:爱尔兰使人《芦苇的风》《库尔的野天鹅》《驶向拜占庭》

3、John Galsworthy:《福尔赛世家》三部曲the man of property; in chancery; to let;

4、Herbert George wells:现代科幻小说:modern science fiction的鼻祖;《时间机器》

5、Arnold Bennett: 贝特是现实主义小说家,《老妇谭》是20世纪英国小说的一部经典作品;

6、毛姆:《人生的枷锁》

7、Henry James,现代主义小说的先行者,承上启下的人物;

小说评论集:《小说的艺术》;

《黛西.米勒》

8、劳伦斯

9、詹姆斯、奥古斯汀、乔伊斯:

《都柏林人》《一个青年艺术家的画像》《芬尼根守灵夜》《尤利西斯》,全世界围意识流创作的最高成就和传世之作;

10、弗吉尼亚、伍尔夫:《雅各布的房间》《到灯塔去》《浪》;

11、E.M.Forster: 《通往印度之路》

12、萧伯纳:《易卜生主义的精华》

《鳏夫的房产》《华伦夫人的职业》《英国佬的另一个岛》《圣女贞德》《皮格马利翁》

13、Willian Golding:1983诺贝尔文学奖,《蝇王》;

14、约翰、福尔斯:《法国中尉的女人》;

15、Samuel Beckett塞缪尔贝克特:1969诺贝尔文学奖获得者,《等待戈多》;《残局》;

16、哈罗德品特:萧伯纳之后英国最重要的剧作家,2005年诺贝尔文学奖得住;《看管人》《送菜升降机》《背叛》

17、TS艾略特

18、塞、戴、易斯:1968获桂冠诗人;

19、飞利浦、拉金:运动派诗人的领袖;

美国文学:

一、殖民地时期的美国文学

1、约翰史密斯:美国文学的第一个作家,《关于弗吉尼亚的真实叙述》;

2、纳撒尼尔沃德:《北美的阿格瓦姆鞋匠》,北美讽刺文学第一笔;

3、威廉布拉德福德:美国历史之父,《普利茅斯种植园史》

4、安妮、布拉德斯特利特《第十个缪斯》

5、迈克尔威格尔斯沃斯

6、爱德华泰勒长诗《上帝对其选民有影响的决定》

7、乔纳森爱德华兹:大觉醒运动中主要的思想家;

二、南北战争时期的美国文学()

1、富兰克林

2、托马斯、恩:《长诗》

3、托马斯、杰弗逊:《独立宣言》

4、约翰、伍尔曼:《日记》

5、飞利浦、弗瑞诺:美国独立革命的诗人

6、飞利浦、惠特利:美国文学史上第一位出版诗集的黑人女诗人,了不起的诗才之称,《胡塞先生和棺木》;

7、威廉、邓拉普:美国戏剧之父

8、华盛顿、欧文:美国文学之父,《见闻札记》《睡古传说》《温克尔》

9、詹姆斯菲尼莫尔库珀:《开拓者》《最后一个莫干希人》《探路人》

10、威廉、布莱恩特:美国的华兹华斯,《诗选》《黄色的紫罗兰》《致水鸟》

11、爱伦、坡:侦探小说的鼻祖,《厄舍古厦的倒塌》《乌鸦》

12、艾默生:超验主义,

13、大卫梭罗

14、亨利、费朗罗:《伊凡》歌颂爱情;《海华沙之歌》第一部描写印第安人的史诗;

15、纳撒尼尔、霍桑:《肖》《带七个尖角阁的房子》《福谷传奇》以第一人称叙述;

16、麦尔维尔

17、斯托夫人的代表作《汤姆叔叔的小屋》

18、惠特曼:free verse;草叶集;

三、第一次世界大战时期的美国文学

1、豪威尔斯是美国现实主义文学的奠基人,其代表作诗《塞拉斯拉帕姆的发迹》;

2、亨利、詹姆斯:《黛西米勒》;《贵妇人的画像》《美国人》

3、马克吐温

4、赫姆林加兰:加兰是“乡土文学作家”的重要代表,《大路》,80年代美国的真实写照;

5、弗兰克诺里斯:开创自然主义的先河,代表作《章鱼》;

6、欧亨利:美国现代短篇小说的创始人;

7、杰克伦敦:自然主义,《马丁伊登》自传体小说

8、西奥多、德莱赛:美国现代小说的先驱,20世纪美国文学中第一位杰出的作家;《嘉莉妹妹》,《欲望三部曲》:《金融家》《巨人》《斯多》;

9、艾米丽迪金森:现代英美诗歌的先驱;

四、一战到二战时期的美国文学

1、罗伯特弗罗斯特:四次获得普利策奖

2、庞德:印象派诗歌运动的主要力量;

3、爱德华、肯明斯:视觉诗歌的创始人;

4、尤金、奥尼尔:《天边外》早起作品;《送冰人来了》;《长夜漫漫路迢迢》,1936年获得诺贝尔文学奖;

5、辛克莱、易斯:1930年获得诺贝尔文学奖;第一个获得该奖项的美国作家,《大街》《巴比特》

6、海明威:

7、菲茨杰拉德:《人间天堂》《了不起的盖茨比》《夜色温柔》

8、赛珍珠:《》1938年美国历史上第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的女性作家;

9、《约翰、斯坦贝克:20世纪美国文坛最重要的作家之一,1962年获得诺贝尔文学奖;《天堂的牧场》《煎饼坪》《愤怒的葡萄》《月落》《烦躁的冬天》10、福克纳:《喧哗与骚动》《寓言》获得普利策奖;最重要的作品三部曲:《村子》《小镇》《大宅》

11、兰斯顿休斯:哈莱姆的桂冠诗人

五、二战以后的美国文学

1、杰克、开鲁亚克:垮掉的一代,《在路上》

2、塞林格:垮掉的一代的重要作家,《麦田的守望者》

3、纳博科夫:《洛丽塔》

4、约瑟夫、海勒:《第22条军规》

5、库特、尼格:黑色幽默手法;

6、威廉、斯泰轮:《菲的选择》

7、辛格:美国犹太作家,1978年诺贝尔文学奖《路柏林的魔术师》

8、索尔、贝娄:1976年诺贝尔文学奖;《晃来晃去的人》

9、菲利普、罗斯:《美国牧歌》,获普利策奖;

10、托尼、莫里森:1993年获得诺贝尔,第一位美国黑人作家;《最蓝的眼睛》《所罗门之歌》

11、田纳西、威廉斯:《欲望号街车》《热铁皮屋顶上的猫》

12、阿瑟、米勒:《推销员之死》

英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要

《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。

英国文学史作品作者

Geoffrey Chaucer: the legend of good women 良妇传说the house of fame 名誉堂 the parliament of fowls 百鸟会Troilus and Cressie 特罗勒斯与克莱西 the Canterbury tales 坎特伯雷故事集 Thomas More Utopia Edmund Spenser the fairy queen William Shakespeare four great tragedies: Hamlet Othello king Lear Macbeth Four great comedies: the merchant of Venice a midsummer night’s dream twelfth night 第十二夜as you like it 皆大欢喜 Francis Bacon the advancement of learning 学术的进展the Novum Organum 求学之新器the De Augmentis 新工具essays 随笔Maxims of the Law 法律准则 Reading on the Stature of Uses 谈使用法则Of Studies 论读书 John Donne the flea 跳蚤 John Milton paradise lost 失乐园 John Bunyan the pilgrim’s progress 天路历程 John Dryden all for love an essay of dramatic poesy Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记 Jonathan swift a tale of a tub 木桶的故事the battle of books 书战 a modest proposal 一个小小的建议Gulliver’s travels 格列佛游记 William Blake poetical sketches 诗歌札记songs of innocence 天真之歌 Songs of experience 经验之歌prophecies 预言the lamb the chimney sweeper The marriage of heaven and hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻 Robert burns a red red rose auld Lang Syne 友谊地久天长 William Wordsworth lines composed a few miles above tinterm abbey 丁登寺 The prelude 序曲the excursion 漫游sonnets 十四行诗 I wandered lonely as a cloud composed upon Westminster bridge She dwelt among the untrodden ways 她在人迹罕至的路边 The solitary reaper 孤独的割麦女 Samuel Taylor Coleridge the rime of the ancient mariner 古舟子咏 Christabel 克里斯塔贝尔Kubla khan 忽必烈汗 George Gordon Byron childe Harold’s pilgrimage 恰尔德哈罗德游记Cain 该隐 Don Juan 唐璜she walks in beauty when a man hath no freedom to fight for at home Percy Bysshe Shelley queen Mab 麦布女王the Cenci 钦契Prometheus unbound 解放了的普罗米修斯ode to the west wind in defense of poetry 诗辩 John Keats on first looking into Champman’s homer 初读查普曼译荷马史诗 Endymion 恩底弥翁ode to a nightingale ode to a Grecian um 希腊古瓮颂 Lamia, Isabella, the eve of st. Agnes, and other poems 女妖、伊莎贝尔、圣爱尼节前夜及其他Jane Austen sense and sensibility 理智与情感pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见persuasion 劝导Emma 艾玛Mansfield park 曼斯菲尔德庄园Northanger abbey 诺桑觉寺 Charles Dickens sketches by boz 博兹札记Pickwick papers 匹克威克外传Oliver twist 奥利弗退斯特Nicholas nickleby 尼古拉斯尼克贝old curiosity shop 老古玩店 Bamaby rudge 巴纳比拉奇American notes 旅美札记martin chuzzlewit 马丁朱兹尔维特A Christmas carol 圣诞颂歌the chimes 钟声the cricked 炉边的蟋蟀dombey and son 董贝父子David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔bleak house 荒凉山庄hard times 艰难时世Little dorrit 小杜丽 a tale of two cities 双城记great expectations 远大前程

英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八)

Old English Literature 古英语文学 (450-1066年) Beowulf (贝奥武甫)---The first English national epic 中世纪英语文学(1066-1500) Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟,c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture―英国文学之父‖William Langland (朗格兰,1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴(16-17世纪) William Shakespeare (莎士比亚,1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night‘s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》. 18世纪文学和新古典主义 Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》 Daniel Defoe ( 笛福,1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ,an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones. Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver‘s Travels《格列佛游记》. Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹,1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy (《商第传》). Oliver Goldsmith (哥尔德斯密斯,1728-1774)English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》) Thomas Gray (托马斯?格雷1716—1771 ),an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a

英国文学史期末复习重点

英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates(海盗). They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1)T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.

(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档

英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages 贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons Epic: long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated. Artistic features: 1. Using alliteration Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound(头韵) Some examples on P5 2. Using metaphor and understatement Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340~1400 (首创“双韵体”,英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. ①坎特伯雷故事集: first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体) by middle English ②特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ③声誉之宫 Medieval Ages’popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)

英语专八英美文学常识汇总

英语专八英美文学常识汇总

3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea. 英吉利海峡:英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡,分割英法两国,连接大西洋和北海。 the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters. 迪河河口:是迪河流入的一个小海。 "the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain. 1801合并法:1801年英国议会通过法令,规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。 gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands. 盖尔语:是盖尔特语言的一种,在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。 the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, the board ridge of hills.

专八英美文学总结

英国文学 一、古英语时期的英国文学(499-1066) 1、贝奥武夫 2、阿尔弗雷德大帝:英国散文之父 二、中古英语时期的英国文学 1、allegory体非常盛行 2、Romance开始上升到一定的高度 3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士 4、Willian Langlaud 《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》 5、乔叟坎特伯雷故事集(英雄双韵体) 6、托马斯.马洛礼《亚瑟王之死》 三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学(伊丽莎白时代)(14-16世纪) 1、托马斯.莫尔《乌托邦》 2、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet 3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》 《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活;现代长篇小说的先驱 4、斯宾塞《仙后》诗人中的诗人;斯宾塞体诗节; 5、莎士比亚: 长篇叙事诗:《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》 四大悲剧:哈姆雷特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白 7、本.琼森风俗喜剧(comedy of manners)《人性互异》 8、约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人

9、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣 10、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一 《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑 《学术的推进》和《新工具》 四、启蒙时期(18世纪) 1、约翰、弥尔顿:《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》 2、约翰、班扬:《天路历程》religious allegory 3、约翰、德莱顿:英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人; 《论戏剧诗》 4、亚历山大.蒲柏:英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表;英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用;《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作 5、托马斯、格雷:感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》 6、威廉、布莱克:天真之歌、经验之歌; 7、罗伯特、彭斯:苏格兰最杰出的农民诗人; 8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》 9、Samuel defoe 英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一;《鲁滨逊漂流记》;《铲除非国教徒的捷径》,仪表达自己的不满; 10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》;《格列佛游记》;《桶的故事》; 11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人;帕米拉;克拉丽莎;查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史; 12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人;《约瑟夫。安德鲁》;《汤姆.琼斯》,英国现实主义小说的最高成就; 13、劳伦斯、斯特恩:感伤主义小说的杰出代表,《项狄传》,第一部开创了意识流小说的先驱之作品;《感伤的旅行》

(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档

一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类:pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作:The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵(写作手法) 例子:of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体:a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作:the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容:the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点:each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事,无形中表明了各自的观点,展示了各自的性格。 小说观点:he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣:a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式

(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释

①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】

英语专八-最全英美文学常识.

英国文学(English Literature) 一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪) 1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066) a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌;长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualities the folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English song Cynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christ c. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901) 2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500): a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌 无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines ~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer: * Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风:vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftness the father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”couplet; 首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家 The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发 The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作) * William Langland(朗兰1332-1400):The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议 b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471):Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士 二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗,文艺复兴,无韵诗,伊丽莎白戏剧 1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547) a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature b. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586):代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》 Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern world c.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance 文风:a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd Calendar The Faerie Queen《仙后》:long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗), and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.

英国文学史及作品选读

英国文学史及作品选读 (模拟试题二) Ⅰ. Multiple Choice(1′×20=20分) 1.______can be justly termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Romance of the Rose 2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies? A.Macbeth B.As You Like it C. Twelfth Night D. The Merchant of Venice 3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels” A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Daniel Defoe D.John Donne 4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. A. Thomas Wyatt B. William Shakespeare C. Edmund Spenser D. Christopher Marlowe 5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially Britain’s sea power was established. A.James I B. Henry VIII C. Queen Elizabeth D. Charles I 6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death. A. England B. Norway C. Scotland D. Denmark 7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong? A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry. B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit. C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity D. He never shows positive attitude towards love. 8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____. A. a self-dependent person B. a person with colonial mind C. an adventuous person D. all of the above 9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____. A. Sentimentalism B. Pre-Romanticism C. Romanticism D. English Renaissance 10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. A.Poetical Sketches B. The Book of Thel C. Songs of Experience D. Songs of Innocence 11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____. A. English Romantic period B. English Renaissance C. period of Restoration D. Neo-classical period 12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____. A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Wordsworth and Southey C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Shelley and Byron 13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.

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