P a r t O n e R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o nDirections: There are 8 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet by blackening the letter.Passage 1When we talk about intelligence we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the a\ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows to do.For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can do, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn’t sure how it all works out, but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed, he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook in life, a special feeling about life, and a special way of how he fits into it.If you look at children, you’ll see a great difference between what we call “bright”children and “not bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life—he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.1. According to this passage, intelligence is the ability to .A) work by oneself B) do well in any situationC) know what is right and wrong D) adapt oneself to a new situation2. In a new situation, an intelligent personA) knows more about what might happen to himB) is well-prepared for his actionC) pays greater attention to the situationD) completely ignores himself3. If an intelligent person failed, he wouldA) feel ashamed about the failureB) learn from his experiencesC) find out what he can’t doD) make sure what’s wrong with his outlook in life4. An intelligent childA) learns more about himselfB) shows interest in things around himC) studies everything that may be interestingD) looks down upon unintelligent children5. Why does an unintelligent child seem to have a wall between him and life in general?A) Because he can hardly see the outside worldB) Because life is far away from himC) Because he knows nothing about life in generalD) Because he has little interest in things around himselfPassage 2When I begin to look back on all friends whom I have had, I quickly came to the conclusion that Jerry wasthe most important and had the greatest effect upon my life. His family moved to my block when I was only 10. Jerry was 15 at the time, but the fact that he was so much older than me seemed to make no difference to him. I was very glad that ht liked me. We took long walks together, on which he would tell me stories he had heard from TV and radio programs.But as months went by, a change came into our friendship. Jerry almost stopped coming by the house, and every time I went to his house or telephoned, he put me off with some excuses such as “I’m studying now” or “I’ve got some jobs to do for Mum”. When we passed on the street, he would still give me a warm smile and friendly wave with a “Hi, kid”, but he would hardly ever stop to talk. Finally I realized that he was no longer interested in me and that his taste hand changed. I noticed him with a girl once n a while and several times saw him going out in his family’s car on a Friday or Saturday night. I simply couldn’t understand what was so great about girls and parties.But I was hurt when he finally made me know that our friendship was at an end. Of course he didn’t really meant to hurt me, but it was a long time before I realized that it was an age problem that caused the break. There were a world of differences between the ideas and interests of a 17-year-old and a 12-year-old. Now that I’m over sixteen myself, I realized this, and the hurt I got then has become happy memories of the good times we were once together. I wonder if millions of other boys and girls have had a similar experience.1. When the writer and Jerry first met, Jerry was .A) 10 years old B) 5 years older than the writerC) of the same age as the writer D) the writer’s classmate2. Their friendship lasted forA) a few years B) a few weeks C) a few months D) a few hours3. Jerry stopped playing with the writer becauseA) the writer had changed B) he was busy with his studyC) he has some jobs to do D) he was not interested in the writer4. When a change came in their friendship, the writerA) accepted it at once B) couldn’t understand his friend for a long timeC) stopped visiting his friend D) started going to parties with girls5. The main idea of the passage is thatA) the age difference plays a part in friendshipB) friendship is the most important thing for childrenC) many boys and girls have a similar experience as the writerD) “friendship are made in wine and tested in tears”Passage 3Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”.The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It did n’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadow land of hope, and anyone with adream must learn to live there.1. The passage is meant toA) warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceB) advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerC) show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameD) encourage young people to pursue a writing career2. What can be concluded from the passage?A) Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewardingB) A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effortsC) Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolationD) The chances for writer to become successful are small3. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?A) He wasn’t able to produce a single book.B) He hadn’t seen aching for the better.C) He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole year.D) He thought that he lacked imagination4. “…people who die wondering: What if?” (Line 4, Para.3) refers to “thoseA) who think too much of the dark side of lifeB) who regret giving up their career halfwayC) who think a lot without making a decisionD) who are full of imagination even upon death5. “Shadowland” in the last sentence refers toA) the wonderland one often dreams aboutB) the bright future that one is looking forward toC) the state of uncertainty before one’s final goal is reachedD) a world that exists only in one’s imaginationPassage 4It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey”spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.1. By “…challenges explanation” (Line 2, Para. 1) the author means thatA) no explanation has been made up till nowB) it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanationC) no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonD) it’s high time that an explanation was provided2. The third paragraph is mainly aboutA) the development of babies’ early forms of languageB) the difficulties of babies in learning to speak.C) babies’ strong desire to communicateD) babies’ intention to communicate3. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that childrenA) usually obey without asking questionsB) are passive in the process of learning to speakC) are born cooperativeD) learn to speak by listening4. From the passage we learn thatA) early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC) imitation plays an important role in learning to speakD) children have various difficulties in learning to speak5. The best title for this passage would beA) How Babies Learn to Speak B) Early Forms of LanguageC) A Huge Task for Children D) Noise Making and Language LearningPassage 5It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry. Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to withhold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land fro Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.1. Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to .A) give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s propertyB) help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the familyC) protect a woman against the risk of desertionD) both A and C2. According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was ______.A) higher than that of a single woman B) higher than that of her husbandC) lower than that of her husband D) the same as that of her husband3. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?A) To show that the wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal propertyB) To show that the wife can defend her own inheritanceC) To prove that women have powerful positionD) To illustrate how women win their property4. The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is ______.A) some of the land Miro had inherited B) a tenth of Miro’s landC) money for household expenses D) money form Miro’s inheritance5. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is ______.A) sympathetic B) disapprovalC) indifferent D) objectivePassage 6Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”.The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It did n’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.1. The passage is meant toA) warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceB) advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerC) show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameD) encourage young people to pursue a writing career2. What can be concluded from the passage?A) Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewardingB) A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effortsC) Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolationD) The chances for writer to become successful are small3. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?A) He wasn’t able to produce a single book.B) He hadn’t seen aching for the better.C) He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole year.D) He thought that he lacked imagination4. “…people who die wondering: What if?” (Line 4, Para.3) refers to “thoseA) who think too much of the dark side of lifeB) who regret giving up their career halfwayC) who think a lot without making a decisionD) who are full of imagination even upon death5. “Shadowland” in the last sentence refers toA) the wonderland one often dreams aboutB) the bright future that one is looking forward toC) the state of uncertainty before one’s final goal is reachedD) a world that exists only in one’s imaginationPassage 7It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey”spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.1. By “…challenges explanation” (Line 2, Para. 1) the author means thatA) no explanation has been made up till nowB) it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanationC) no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonD) it’s high time that an explanation was provided2. The third paragraph is mainly aboutA) the development of babies’ early forms of languageB) the difficulties of babies in learning to speak.C) babies’ strong desire to communicateD) babies’ intention to communicate3. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that childrenA) usually obey without asking questionsB) are passive in the process of learning to speakC) are born cooperativeD) learn to speak by listening4. From the passage we learn thatA) early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC) imitation plays an important role in learning to speakD) children have various difficulties in learning to speak5. The best title for this passage would beA) How Babies Learn to Speak B) Early Forms of LanguageC) A Huge Task for Children D) Noise Making and Language LearningPassage 8Dam is a barrier constructed across a stream or river to impound water and raise its level. The most common reasons for building dams are to concentrate the natural fall of a river at a given site, thus making it possible to generate electricity; to direct water from rivers into canals and irrigation and water-supply systems; to increase river depths for navigational purposes; to control water flow during times of flood and drought; andto create artificial lakes for recreational use. Many dams fulfill several of these functions. In the United States the network of dams under the Tennessee Valley Authority is an outstanding example of a multipurpose dam development.The first dam of which record exists was built about 4000 BC to divert the Nile in Egypt in order to provide a site for the city of Memphis. Many ancient earth dams, including a number built by the Babylonians, were part of elaborate irrigation systems that transformed unproductive regions into fertile plains capable of supporting large populations. Because of the ravages of periodic floods, very few dams more than a century old are still standing. The construction of virtually indestructible dams of appreciable height and storage capacity became possible after the development of Portland cement concrete and the mechanization of earth-moving and materials-handling equipment.Controlling and using water by means of dams profoundly affects the economic prospects of vast areas. One of the first stages in the progress of developing countries usually involves gaining the ability to use water for power generation, agriculture, and fllld protection.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A) To tell the main function of dams.B) To date the existence of the first dam.C) To emphasize the economic effects of dam.D) To give a brief introduction to dam.2. Which of the following is not mentioned as one the common reasons for building dams?A) People build dams to generate electricityB) Dams are used to control water flow in time of flood and droughtC) People build dams to divert riversD) Dams serve as part of the irrigation system.3. The word “ravage” in the second paragraph may meanA) destruction B) occurrence C) destroy D) savage4. Many ancient dams mainly served the need to ______.A) generate electricity B) create artificial lakes for recreational useC) irrigate fields D) protect people from the suffering of floods5. According to the passage, when did the construction of virtually indestructible dams become possible?A) After many ancient earth dams were destroyedB) Not until the development of cement concrete and earth moving machinesC) About 4000 BC.D) Before the turn of last century.Part Two Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet by blackening the letter.1. By no means to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.A) Jane will agree B) will Jane agreeC) Jane will disagree D) will Jane disagree2. You can, _____ the sky is clear, see as far as the old temple on top fo the mountain, but not today.A) when B) where C) though D) because3. With everything she needed , she went out of the shop, with her hands full of shopping bags.A) bought B) to buy C) buying D) buy4. Having taken our seats, .A) the professor began the lecture.B) the lecture began in no timeC) we were attracted by the lecturer immediatelyD) the bell announced the beginning of the lecture5. In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit.A) have run B) have been run C) had been run D) will run6. When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a photograph.A) fresh B) recent C) late D) modern7. She is always _____ to be one of the best artists.A) successful B) ignored C) explored D) acknowledged8. in an atmosphere of simply living was what his parents wished for.A) The boy to be educated B) The boy educatedC) The boy’s being educated D) The boy was educated9. To be or not to be, is the question.A) what. B) that C) which D) it10. Jim would rather we now, but we must go to work.A) not leave B) had not leave C) didn’t leave D) not to be leave11. there was so little money available for the project, they’ve done a good job.A) If B) But for C) Given that D) On account of12. She never laughed, ____ lose her temper.A) or she ever did B) nor did she everC) or did she ever D) nor she ever did13. , he performed the task with success.A) It was expected B) Which was expectedC) As was expected D) That was expected14. I am only partly responsible for the success of this book; my collaborator ( ) more credit.A) reserves B) deserves C) rewards D) qualifies15. The noise of desks could be heard out in the street, which indicated the beginning of the class.A) opening and closing B) be opened and closedC) having opened and closed D) being opened and closed16. I would appreciate __ _ it a secret because t will influence the safety of this country.A)You to keep B) that you keep C) that you will keep D) your keeping17. There ___ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.A) goes B) go C) we go D) is going18. They should have gone earlier, ___ ?.A) have they B) should they C) haven’t they D) shouldn’t they19. Not until 1868 ___ made the capital of the state of Georgia.A) was Atlanta B) when Atlanta was C) Atlanta was D) was when Atlanta20. There are few electronic applications ___ to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than robots.A) likely B) more likely C) most likely D) much likely21. The more I know him, ___ I like hime.A) less B) the less C) lesser D) the lesser22. ___ , you have to study.A) However you like it B) No matter you like itC) Unless you like it D) Whether you like it or not23. They have been working on the project for seven months, by the end of the year they ___ it.A) have finished B) will be finishedC) will be finishing D) will have finished24. I am afraid I’ve rather the house this week so it’s a bit of mess.A) ignored B) neglected C) forgotten D) left out25. There is a ___ network of roads round the country.A) mixed B) difficult C) complex D) confusing26. Students with ___ problems may apply for student loans.A) economic B) financial C) male D) economical27. Some writers have compared the modern world ___ a mighty machine of which man is only a trivial part.A) desert B) absorb C) dissolve D) involve28. I have not heard anything from him since his ___.A) departure B) fault C) foundation D) acceptance29. Without proper education, people could ___ all kinds of crimes.A) conduct B) stoop C) commit D) sweat30. Several loudspeakers are ___ from the ceiling and we can hear the speaker very clearly.A) connected B) sustained C) associated D) suspended31. This morning in the class, our teacher lost his ___ at last because he could not stand any more.A) temper B) terror C) verse D) contain32. It is not ___ for me to return all the books to the library now because I still need some of them for my research.A) continuous B) difficult C) convenient D) sufficient33. When traveling alone in the mountains, you’d better take a ___ with you in case you get lost.A) compass B) compress C) compose D) campus34. As a teacher, you should not ___ the students from asking questions in class.A) ruin B) restrain C) import D) impose35. If you have any problems during your study here, please do not ___ to call me for help.A) hesitate B) despair C) urge D) request36. The engineer is not happy with the project, and is her boss.A) neither B) so C) either D) as37. ____ for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.A) Having been ill B) Being ill C) Though he was ill D) He was ill38. How close parents are to their children a strong influence on the development of the children’s character.A) have B) has C) having D) had39. He changed his name, that nobody would find out what he had done before.A) having thought B) to think C) thinks D) thinking40. There is so much work today, would you be kind enough to lend me a hand?A) having done B) to be done C) being done D) will be done]41. I walked out of the cinema, ___ to return to see the wonderful film the next Sunday.a)determine B) being determined C) determined D) to be determined42. We were very disappointed at the ___ to our advertisement, and our products didn’t sell well.A) replies B) response C) answers D) words43. My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting ___ to discuss the matter.A) should hold B) must be held C) would be held D) be held44. Before the guests come, I must get the glasses ___ .。
