语法专项突破系列 9

4．同位语从句
结构：,名词＋连接词＋从句主语＋从句谓语＋其他。 位置：常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, doubt 等之 后。 ①They made an official request that the meeting be postphoned. 他们已经正式请求将会议推迟。 ②The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved. 我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。 ③Where did you get the idea that I couldn't come. 你在哪儿听说我不能来？
3．从句中既不缺少成分，又语义完整，则用连接词that。 ①He gave us a suggestion that we should practise speaking English in class. (同位语从句，不缺成分和语义) 他建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。 that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义； 而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要充当一定的句子成分。试比较： It's a shame that he has made such a mistake. 很遗憾他犯了这样一个错误。 I will do what I can （此处省略do）to help him. 我将尽力帮他。
高考二轮复习
名名词词性从句
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考， 能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不 能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本 人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助 大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！

第二编 语法突破
专题九 名词性从句
1.(2017·天津高考，4，改编)She asked me __w_h_e_th_e_r_ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
解析：句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我 承认我还没有还。设空处连接宾语从句，且在句中意为 “是否”，故填whether。
5.(2016·北京高考，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ___th_a_t___ one can be entirely free from dust.
解析：句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全远 离尘埃。分析句子结构可知is后的表语从句中不缺少成 分，且句意完整，因此用that引导表语从句。
___th_a_t_→__w_h_a_t ________________________________
解析：介词for后是宾语从句，从句中achieved 缺少宾 语，故用what引导。
4．That Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.
解析：句意：正如John Lennon曾经说过的一样，生活 就是当你忙着制订其他计划的时候，发生在你身上的一 切。引导词在从句中作主语，指物，表示“……东西(事 情)”，故用what。
4．A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ___w_h_a_t__ ships are built for.

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：聚焦非谓语动词九大考点+巩固练习+答案解析养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

[非谓语动词考题展示]amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.答案与解析：Having visited。

考查非谓语动词。

这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。

置于句首，首字母大写。

故填Having visited。

句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。

【考例2】（2023▪全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered.答案与解析：recording。

考查非谓语动词spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。

这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。

故填recording。

句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。

【考点分析】非谓语动词与动词的时态和语态一样是高考热点。

主要考查要点有1）非谓语动词中不定式、动词ing和过去分词的功能，2）非谓语动词各自否定形式构成3）非谓语动词的时态和语态上的区别4）带有非谓语动词的独立主格结构或者是with的复合宾语结构。

并列句和状语从句Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2017·江苏卷)Located ___________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.答案：where2．(2018·海口模拟)There was a way to help him grow more, ___________ his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs.答案：but3．(2018·云南昆明期中)___________ we make good use of public transport, the environment will be better.答案：If4．(2018·湖南十三校联考)I wish my house would be built ___________ we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers.答案：where5．(2018·福州高中毕业班质检)Actually, ___________ we’ve done a lot to develop a low­carbon economy, it doesn’t live up to our expectations.答案：though/although/while6．(2018·江南十校联考)The house was greatly damaged by the truck and we’d better leave it ___________ it is until the police arrive.答案：as7．(2018·安庆重点中学模拟)There are several reasons for sleep. We sleep ___________ we need to dream.答案：because8．(2018·西安西北工业大学附中模拟)Studying in our newly­built school is so wonderful a period ___________ every one of us will treasure forever.答案：that9．It is a long time ___________ they separated, but it won’t be long ___________ they meet again.答案：since; before10．(2018·杭州西湖中学月考)Good news never goes beyond the gate, ___________ bad news spreads far and wide.答案：whileⅡ单句改错1．(2017·北京卷)Although birds use their feathers for flight, but some of their feathers are for other purposes.___________答案：去掉but或but→yet2．(2016·四川卷)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.___________ 答案：or→and3．(2018·洛阳统考)She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldn’t see each other any longer.___________答案：unless→until4．(2018·长春质检)It is three years when I became a high school student.___________ 答案：when→since5．I couldn’t wait to tell my parents the moment when I heard the news.___________ 答案：去掉whenⅢ语法填空(2018·广东汕头教学质量监测)A story about violinist Fritz Kreisler tells how he once came across a beautiful instrument he wanted to acquire. When he finally raised the money for the violin, he returned to buy it but learned that it 1.___________ (sell) to a collector.He went to the new owner’s home in order to try to persuade him to sell2.___________ violin.However，the collector said it was one of his valuable3.___________ (possess) and he could not let it go.The4.___________ (disappoint)Kreisler turned to leave, but then asked a favor.“May I play the instrument once more5.___________ it is put away？”Permission was given and the great musician began to play. The violin sang with a quality of music so beautiful that the collector could only listen 6.___________ amazement.“I have no right 7.___________ (keep) that to myself, ” he said after the musician finished.“The violin is 8.___________ (you)，Mr. Kreisler. Take it into the world, and let the people hear it.”I want to live my life that way—to take it into the world and live it9.___________ (full)．I’d rather be used up than die not having done whatever I could. Happiness is found in investing our lives in others. Say yes when 10.___________ (ask) for a hand. Volunteer some time for a worthwhile organization. Spend an hour with a lonely relative. In the end, I know that my happiness will nothave been about my ability or my inability. It will have been about my availability. My life is meant to be lived.【解题导语】 本文通过讲述一位伟大的小提琴家得到一把小提琴的故事告诉我们应该让自己的生活过得充实，不要留下遗憾。