航海名词须知

航海名词须知航海科学nautical science / 航海学Marine Navigational地文航海Geo-Navigation / 天文航海Celestial navigational航海仪器Nautical instrument / 航海气象Nautical meteorology助航标志Aids to navigational /航海图书资料Nautical charts & publications 船艺Seamanship /船舶操纵Ship-handing / Manoeuvring船舶避碰Ship collision prevention /航行管理Navigational Management航海法规Maritime rules and regulations/航运业务Shipping Business海商法maritime law/code /船舶登记Ship registration船舶检验Ship survey /海上安全监督Marine safety supervision海上保险Marine insurance真北True north (NT) / 磁北Magnetic North (NM)罗北Compass North (NC)/ 陀罗北Gyro-compass North (NG)磁差Variation ―Var‖ / 航向Course ―C‖航向线Course Line ―CL‖/ 船首向Heading ―Hdg‖真航向True Course ―TC‖ / 磁航向Magnetic Course ―Mc‖罗航向Compass Course ‖Cc‖/ 陀罗航向Gyro-compass Course ―Gc‖标准罗航向Standard compass course/ 操舵罗航向Steering compass course 大圆航向Great circle course ―GCC‖ / 转向Alter course ―a/c‖始航向Initial Course/ 终航向Final course / 航迹Track ―Tk‖计划航迹向Course of advance ―CA‖ / Intened track推算航迹向Estimated course/ 实际航迹向Actual track/ course over ground 方位Bearing ―B‖/ 方位线Bearing Line ―BL‖/ 正横Abeam真方位True Bearing ―TB‖ /磁方位Magnetic Bearing ―MB‖罗方位Compass Bearing ―CB‖/ 陀罗方位Gyro-compass Bearing ―GB‖链Cable ―cab‖ / 航程Distance / Run /航速Speed / 船速Ship’s speed计划航速Speed of advance /推算航速Speed made good实际航速Speed over ground / 经济航速Economic speed主机航速Speed by RPM(Engine speed)/ 计程仪航速Speed by log正横距离Distance abeam / 最近距离Minimum distance航行计划Navigational plan(sail plan)/ 航线设计Passage Planning推荐航线Recommended route / 最佳航线Optimum route始发港Port of sailing(origin) /出发港Port of departure挂靠港Port of call / 到达港Port of arrival/ 目的港Port of destination转向点Turning Point / 航路点Way Point ―WP‖/ 航次Voyage ―Voy‖大洋航路Ocean Passage / 航迹推算Track made good航迹绘算Track Plotting / 海图作业Charts work/航迹计算Track calculating 推算始点Departure Point / 推算终点Arrival Point积算船位Dead reckoning position ―DR‖/推算船位Estimated position ―EP‖风压差Leeway angle ―α‖/ 流压差Drift angle ―β‖/风流压差Leeway and drift angle ―γ‖/ 偏航Crabbing (off course/ off way) 东西距Departure ―Dep‖推算经纬Estimated Longitude / latitude观测船位/纬度/经度Observed Position ―OP‖/ Latitude/ Longitude经度/纬度改正量Longitude/ Latitude correction陆标Landmark ( Terrestrial object)/ 位置线Line of position (LOP)方位位置线Position line by bearing /距离位置线Position line by distance定位Fixing (positioning) /陆标定位Fixing by landmark方位定位Fixing by cross bearing / 距离定位Fixing by distance方位距离定位Fixing by bearing and distance/ 天文定位Celestial fixing船位Fix (Ship’s position) / 陆标船位Terrestrial Fix (TF)联合船位Combined Fix (CF) / 大洋航行Ocean navigation近洋航行Offshore navigation /狭水道航行Navigating in narrow channel沿岸航行Coastal navigation/navigating in coastal water风暴中航行Navigating in heavy weather / 雾中航行Navigating in fog极区航行Polar navigation / 冰区航行Ice navigation天体Celestial body / 天文观测Celestial observation天赤道Celestial equator / 时角Hour angle (HA)地方时角Local hour angle(LHA) / 格林时角Greenwich hour angle (GHA)赤纬Declination (Dec) / 赤经Right ascension (RA)春分点Vernal equinox / 夏至点Summer solstice秋分点Autumnal equinox / 冬至点Winter solstice平时Mean time (T) / 地方平时Local mean time(LMT)原子时Atomic time (AT) / 区时Zone Time (ZT)世界时Universal Time (GMT)/协调世界时Coordination Universal Time(UTC) 标准时Standard Time / 法定时Legal Time夏令时Summer time (daylight saving time) / 时差Equation of Time (ET)日界线Date Line (Calendar line) / 天文钟误差Chronometer error (CE)航海天文历Nautical almanac / 六分仪高度Sextant altitude日出(没) sun rise（set）/ 月出（没）/ Moon rise(set)观测高度Observed altitude / 导航设备Navigation aids选择船位/纬度/经度Assumed position/ latitude/ longitude无线电导航Radio navigation/ 无线电测向Radio direction finding (RDF)自动测向仪Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)航海仪器罗经compass/ 磁罗经Magnetic compass/ 标准罗经Standard compass操舵罗经Steering compass / 应急罗经Emergency compass救生艇罗经Lifeboat compass/ 罗经盘Compass Card/液体罗经Liquid compass 纵向磁棒Fore-and aft magnet / 横向磁棒Athwartships magnet天文钟Chronometer / 子母钟Primary – Secondary clock海图作业工具Chart work tools / 气压表Barometer/ 气压计Barograph温度计Hygrograph / 温度表Hygrometer风速计Anemograph / 风速表Anemometer陀螺（电）罗经Gyrocompass / 陀螺球Gyro-sphere (Gyro-ball)贮液缸Liquid container / 分罗经Compass repeater自动雷达标绘仪Automatic Radar Plotting Aids (ARPA)电子方位线Electronic bearing line (EBL)固定距标Fixed range rings (range marker)活动距标Variable range rings(Variable range marker)相对显示Relative motion display / 真运动显示True motion display偏心显示Off-centered display / 中心扩大显示Center-expand display矢量显示Vector display / 盲区Blind zone假回波False echo / 海浪回波sea echo显示方式Display mode/ 北，首，航向向上North, Head, Course up雷达信标Radar beacon(Racon) / 卫星导航仪Satellite navigation雷达应答器Radar transponder / 搜救雷达应答器Reach & rescue R---der 全球定位系统Global positioning system (GPS)标准大气Standard atmosphere / 气温Air temperature气压Atmosphere pressure云量/高/状/图：Cloud amount/height/form/atlas风向/速/级：Wind direction/speed(velocity )/Force scale卫星云图satellite cloud picture/ 天气现象Weather phenomena天气形势Synoptic Situation / 天气预报Weather forecast天气报告Weather report(WX)/ 恶劣天气Heavy weather大风警报Gale warning(GW) / 暴风警报Storm warning(SW)台风警报Typhoon warning (TW) / 紧急警报Emergency warning台风眼Typhoon eye / 台风路径Typhoon track危险象限Dangerous quadrant / 危险半圆Dangerous semicircle可航半圆Navigable semicircle / 寒潮Cold wave梅雨Meiyu( Plum rains/mould rains/bai-u)季风Monsoon / 海风Sea breeze / 航行风Navigation wind(ship wind)真风True wind / 视风Apparent wind (relative wind)海水温度Sea temperature / 波浪Wave/ 风浪wind wave/ 涌浪Swell浪涌/级：wave swell / scale / 海况Sea condition / 浪花Breakers大/小潮Spring /Neap tide / 高/低潮High/Low water (HW/LW)涨/落潮Flood/Ebb tide / 停潮Water stand潮面Tide level 潮高Height of tide / 潮差Tidal range主付港Standard/secondary Port 转流Turn of tidal current涨潮流Flood stream/current / 落潮流Ebb stream/日标Day mark / 立标Beacon / 顶标Topmark / 灯标lighted mark灯塔Light house / 灯桩Light beacon / 浮标Buoy / 灯船Light vessel导标Leading beacon / 叠标Transit beacon / 灯高Elevation of light雷达反射器Radar reflector / 运河航标Navigation aids on canal大圆海图Great circle chart(Gnomonic chart)空白定位图Plotting chart / 航路设计图Routing chart新版图New edition chart / 改版图Large correction chart奥米伽海图Omega chart / 图号Chart number海图基准面Chart datum / 海图水深Sounding/ 对景图View海图比例尺Chart scale / 局部比例尺Local scale / 小改正Small correction海图卡片Chart card / 航海用图Navigational chart沿岸图Coastal chart / 港泊图Harbor chart / 总图General chart平面图Plane chart / 墨卡托投影Mercator projection海图图式Symbols and abbreviations of charts / 岸Coast/ 岸线coast line控制点Control point / 海堤Sea wall (sea bank) / 堤坝Dyke (dike)防波堤Breakwater / 鱼栅Fishing stake// 鱼礁Fish reck海底电缆Submarine cable // 架空电缆Overhead power cable明礁Rock uncovered // 暗礁Rock / Submerged rock / Sunken rock适淹礁Rock awash // 干出礁Drying rock // 碍航物Obstruction海湾Gulf // 海滩Beach // 水道Channel // 航道Fairway锚位Anchor position (AP) // 概位Position approximate (PA)疑位Position doubtful (PD) // 疑存Existence doubtful(ED)航路Route/Passage // 等高线Contour lines // 等深线Depth contour警戒区Precautionary area // 安全航路Safety fairway // 沉船Wreck消磁场Degaussing range // 避风锚地Shelter // 防台锚地Typhoon anchorage禁航区Prohibited area/ Forbidden zone // 雾号Fog signal垃圾倾倒区Dumping ground / Spoil area演习区Exercise area / Practice area //分道通航制Traffic separation schemes(TSS) // 通航分道Traffic lane船舶总流向General direction of traffic flow分隔带/线Separation zone/line // 沿岸通航带Inshore traffic zone单/双向航路One/Two—way route // 深水航路Deep water route环形道Roundabout // 码头Wharf/quay // 突码头Jetty // 浮码头Pontoon航路指南Sailing directions // 航南补篇Supplement of sailing direction航海图书目录Catalog of charts and publications // 里程表Distance table航海表Nautical/Navigation table // 航标表List of lights // 航海日志Log book 潮汐(流)表Tidal(stream)table // 夜航命令簿Night order book无线电航井Radio navigational warning // 贴图Block临时通告Temporary Notice // 预告Preliminary Notice艏/艉/舯Bow/stern/midship // 前/后Forward/aft // 横向Athwartships高处Aloft // 前方(向前)/后方(向后)Ahead/Astern(back)艏艉线Fore-and-aft line //艏舷/艏楼Bow/Forecastle /艉舷/艉楼(胯)Quarter/Poop 上层建筑Superstructure // 艏/艉尖舱Fore/aft peak tank(FPT/APT)逃生通道Escape trunk // 上/主甲板Upper/main deck //二层甲板Tween deck统长甲板（连续甲板）Continuous deck // 平台甲板Platform deck舷梯Gangway(accommodation ladder) // 总长Length overall (LOA)垂线间长（两柱间长）Length between perpendiculars登记长度Registered length // 最大宽度Maximum breadth型宽Molded breadth // 登记宽度Registered breadth型深Molded depth // 登记深度Registered depth // 最大高度Maximum heigh 浮力Buoyancy // 稳性Stability // 操纵性Manoeuverability续航力Cruising radius Endurance // 蒸汽机船Steam ship(SS)/steamer内燃机船Motor vessel(MV) // 汽轮机船Steam turbine ship机帆船Sailing ship fitted with auxiliary engine/Motor sailer帆船Sailing ship/Sailer //商船Merchant ship // 邮船Mail ship旅游船Tourist ship // 游览船Excursion boat //木材船Lumber cargo ship重大件运输船Heavy and lengthy cargo carrier // 矿砂船Ore carrier散货船Bulk-cargo ship/Bulk carrier // 杂货船General cargo ship液货船Liquid cargo ship/tanker // 油船Oil tanker超大型油船Ultra large crude carrier(ULCC)――(30万~80万)大(巨)型油船Very large crude carrier(VLCC)—(载重超过175.000吨的）化学品船Chemical cargo ship // 集装箱船Container ship(货柜船)液化石油气船Liquefied Petroleum Gas carrier (LPG)液化天然气船Liquefied Natural Gas carrier(LNG)多用途船Multipurpose cargo vessel // 冷藏船Refrigerator ship载驳船（子母船）Lighter Aboard Ship(LASP)滚装船Roll on/Roll off ship (Ro/Ro ship) // 拖船Tug / towing vessel汽车运输船Pure car carrier(PCC) // 渡船Ferry // 被拖船Towed vessel工程船Working ship/Engineering ship // 挖泥船Dredger钻探船Drilling vessel // 布缆船Cable layer // 管道船Pipeline ship救捞船Salvage ship // 潜水工作船Diving boat // 港作船Harbor boat/launch 测量船Surveying ship // 水下作业船Underwater operation ship起重船(浮吊)Floating crane // 破冰船Icebreaker // 巡逻船Patrol boat海难救助船Salvage and rescue ship // 缉私船Revenue cutter交通艇Traffic boat/General service launch/crew boat(CB)/Ferry launch供应船Supply ship/Tender // 消防船Fire boat // 垃圾船Garbage boat引航船Pilot Boat/vessel // 军舰Naval ship远洋船Ocean-going vessel/Ocean trader // 海船(近海船)Sea-going vessel甲板图Deck Plan // 内底结构图Inner bottom construction plan横/纵剖面图Transverse/longitudinal section plan // 双底图Double plan外板展开图Shell expansion plan // 舱壁图Bulkhead plan船底图Bottom plan // 肋板Floor // 平板龙骨Plate keel //帆布Canvas船底纵骨Bottom Longitudinal // 内底纵骨Inner bottom Longitudinal内底版Inner bottom plate // 人孔Manhole // 舷墙Bulwark舱盖Hatch cover // 防撞舱壁Collision bulkhead // 绳/缆Rope/Hawser钢丝缆Wire rope // 撇缆Heaving line // 引缆Messenger line破断强度Breaking strength (BS) // 试验负荷Proof load (PL)安全系数Safety factor (SF) // 安全负荷Safety load (SL)锚设备Ground tackle anchor // 备用锚Spare anchor /sheet anchor锚抓力Holding power of anchor // 锚链Anchor chain/cable链节Shot/shackle // 锚链标记Cable mark // 转环Swivel连接卸扣Joining shackle/connecting shackle // 制链器Chain stopper连接链环Joining link/ connecting link // 锚链舱Chain locker抛锚Let go anchor/drop anchor // 起锚Heavy up anchor/ weigh anchor锚球Anchor ball // 抛起锚口令Anchoring orders // 压舵Counter rudder舵效Rudder effect/Steerage // 航摆角(偏航角)Yaw angle试舵Test the steering gear // 车钟/令Engine telegraph/orders单头缆Single rope // 回头缆Slip rope/wire // 制索Stopper缆桩Bollard/bitts // 千金索Topping lift // 桁稳索Yard/Guy吊货索Cargo runner/fall // 单杆作业Signal boom system双杆作业Union purchase system // 舱口吊杆Hatch boom/Inboard boom舷外吊杆Yard/outboard boom // 重吊杆Heavy derrick/Jumbo boom起重机/吊车/克令吊Crane其货设备定期检验Periodical survey of cargo gear应变部署表Station bill/Muster list // 船舶救生部署表Boat station bill救生设备Life saving appliance(LSA) // 吊艇架Boat davit气胀式救生伐Inflatable life-raft // 抛绳设备Line-throwing appliance(LA)弃船救生演习Abandon of ship drill / abandon drill海上求生Survival at sea // 海上急救First aid at sea船舶消防ship’s fire fighting // 消防控制站Fire control station消防部署Fire fight station // 防火控制图Fire control plan消防演习Fire fighting drill // 水灭火系统Water fire extinguishing system国际通岸接头International shore connection // 灭火器Fire extinguisher干粉灭火系统Dry powder fire extinguishing system泡沫灭火系统Foam fire extinguishing system固定式二氧化碳灭火系统Fixed carbon (CO2)fire extinguishing system固定甲板泡沫灭火系统Fixed deck foam system失火自动报警Automatic fire alarm system // 消防元装备Fireman’s outfit堵漏Leak stopping // 进水速度Speed of flooding // 防暴Explosion prevention 排水能力Water discharge capacity // 测爆Measuring the explosion limit测爆仪Explosimeter // 船体保养Hull maintenance // 腐蚀Corrosion防锈Rust proof /anti-rust // 去白Baring // 舷外作业Outboard work高空作业Aloft work // 修理单Repair list // 自修Self repair//干船坞Dry dock 航修Voyage repair // 期修Regular repair // 临时修理Temporary repair事故修理Damage repair // 坞修Dock repair // 基本恢复修理Recovering repair 检修Overhaul // 浮船坞Floating dock// 船排Slipway// 船台Ship building berth 涂料Paint/coating // 涂漆Painting // 烟囱漆Funnel paint // 甲板漆Deck paint 水/油舱涂料Water/Oil tank coating // 水线漆Boot –topping paint船底漆Bottom paint // 搪水泥Cementing // 进/出坞Docking /Undocking落(坐)墩Lying on the keel block //船舶操纵与避碰旋回圈(回转圈)Turning circle // 纵距(进距)Advance // 横距(正移量)Transfer偏距(反移量)Kick // 冲程Stopping distance停车冲程Inertial stopping distance // 倒车冲程Reverse stopping distance总阻力Total resistance // 推进器Propeller // 螺旋桨Screw propeller测速Speed trial // 海/港速Sea/harbor speed // 出链长度Chain scope淌航Carrying way with engine stopped // 拖锚Dragging anchor开锚Offshore anchor // 绞缆移船Warping the berth // 拖带towing傍拖Towing alongside // 横拖Girding //倒拖Reverse towing //锚泊Anchoring 单锚泊Riding to single anchor // 八字锚泊Riding to two anchors/Bridle moor 一点锚Riding one point anchors // 串联锚泊Backing an anchor力锚Riding anchor // 惰锚Lee anchor // 止荡锚Yaw checking anchor锚链绞缠Fouling hawse // 清解锚链Clearing hawse // 偏荡Yawing弃锚Slipping anchor // 锚更Anchor watch // 走锚Dragging anchor掉头Turning shore round // 掉头区Turning basin/ Swinging area进倒车掉头Turning short round with ahead and astern engine抛锚掉头Turning short round with anchor顺流掉头Turning short round with the aid of current靠码头Alongside wharf // 吹拢风On shore wind // 吹开风Off shore wind离码头Leaving wharf/departure // 艏离Leaving bow first艉离Leaving stern first // 平离Leaving bodily//单点系泊Single Point Mooring(SPM) // 离浮筒Clearing from buoy大风浪中船舶操纵Ship handling in heavy weather横摇Rolling // 纵摇Pitching // 艏摇Yawing //横荡Swaying // 纵荡Surging // 垂荡Heaving //纵倾Triming//横倾listing横摇周期Rolling period // 纵摇周期Pitching period上浪Shipping sea /seawater on deck // 打横Broach to砰击Slamming/Pounding (因纵摇而使浪击首部船底板) // 艉淹Poop down顶浪航行Steaming head to sea // 顺浪航行Running with the sea斜偏浪航行Steaming with the sea on the bow or quarter滞航Heave to // 漂航Drifting // 淌航Carrying way with engine stopped运河操纵Manoeuvering in channel // 富裕水深Under keel Clearance (UKC)狭水道操纵Manoeuvering in narrow channel岸壁效应Bank effect （岸吸岸推现象—吸船尾推船首）岸推Bank cushion // 岸吸Bank suction船吸效应Interaction between ships // 浅水效应Shallow water effect触礁Strike on a rock // 墩底Striking bottom // 搁浅Aground /Strand触浅Touch Ground/Touch bottom // 人员落水Man overboard单向旋回法Single turn // 进闸操纵Locking maneuver //进坞操纵Docking maneuver // 内陆水道Inland waterway海员通常做法Ordinary practice of seaman // 特殊情况Special circumstances 紧迫局面Close quarters situation // 紧急危险Immediate danger背离规则Departure from these roles //失去控制船Vessel not under command操纵能力受限船Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver清除水雷船Vessel engaged in mine-clearance operation限于吃水船Vessel constrained by her draught在航Underway // 互见中In sight of one another// 了望Look-out能见度不良Restricted visibility // 了头Look-out on forecastle驾驶和航行规则Steering and sailing rules //安全航速Safety speed背景亮光Background light // 良好船艺Good seamanship感潮河段Tide reaching zone/Tide affecting zone尾随行驶Following at a distance // 穿越Crossing居间障碍物Intervening Obstruction //受风舷Windward side上风船Vessel to windward // 下风船艏Vessel to leeward抢风Close haul/顺风Tail wind/ favorable wind/fair wind/free wind/with the wind上行船Up-bound vessel // 下行船Down-bound vessel逆流船Upstream vessel // 顺流船Downstream vessel追越Overtaking // 追越船Overtaking vessel //被追越船Overtaken vessel对遇局面Head on situation // 交叉相遇局面Crossing situation横越Crossing ahead // 碰撞危险Risk of collision让路船Give-way vessel // 直航船Stand-on vessel//锚泊船Anchored vessel搁浅船Vessel aground // 号灯/号型Light/Shape//桅灯Masthead light舷灯Sidelight // 艉灯Stern light // 拖带灯Towing light//探照灯Search light环照灯All-round light // 闪光灯Flashing light拖带长度Length of tow // 对水移动Making way through water声响信号Sound signal // 灯光信号Light signal// 号笛Whistle短声Short blast // 长声Prolonged blast //可听距离Range of audibility追越声号Overtaking sound signal // 识别信号Identity signal遇险信号Distress signal // 豁免Exemption //雷达标绘Radar plotting系统观察Systematic observation // 最近会遇点Closest point of approach(CPA) 最近会遇时间Time to closest point of approach (TCPA)最近会遇距离Distance to closest point of approach (DCPA)目标录取Target acquisition // 尾迹Back/Track // 碰撞警报Collision warning 自动避碰系统Collision Avoiding System(CAS)// 船舶碰撞Ship collision预测危险区Predicted Area of Danger(PAD) // 碰撞速度Collision speed碰撞点Point of Collision(PC) // 可能碰撞点Possible Point of Collision(PPC)碰角Collision angle //船舶运动图Maneuvering board plotting sheet内河航行内河航行Inland navigation // 内河航道图Chart of inland waterway净空高度Height clearance/air draft // 叉河口Bifurcation area干流Trunk stream // 支流Tributary /Side stream //主流Main stream上/中/下游Upper/Middle/Lower reach // 急流Rapid stream// 洪峰Flood peak 航标Navigation mark // 驳船队Barge train // 拖曳船队Towing train顶推船队Pusher train //顶推Pushing客货运输干舷Freeboard // 水线Waterline // 甲板线Deck line // 载重线Load line载重线区域Load line area // 载重线标志Load line mark/Plimsoll mark排水量Displacement //空船排水量Light displacement//空船重量Light weight 满载排水量Full loaded displacement // 总载重量Dead weight (DW)净载重量Net Dead Weight(NDW) // 吨位Tonnage // 总吨位Gross Tonnage(GT) 净吨位Net Tonnage(NT) // 运河吨位Canal Tonnage //船舶常数Ship’s constant 舱容系数Coefficient of load // 自然损耗Normal loss of quantity重心Center of Gravity // 浮心Center of Buoyancy // 稳心Metacenter储备浮力Reserve Buoyancy//每厘米吃水吨数Tons per centimeter immersion(TPC)重心高度Height of center of Gravity //浮心高度Height of center of buoyancy重心距船中距离Longitudinal distance of Center of Gravity from Midship浮心距船中距离Longitudinal distance of Center of Buoyancy from Midship漂心距船中距离Longitudinal distance of Center of Floatation from Midship初稳心Initial Metacenter //初稳心半径Initial Metacentric radius初稳心高度Initial Metacentric Height above Baseline (KM)初稳性高度(初重稳距)Initial Metacentric Height横稳心高度曲线Transverse Metacentric height curve = GM curve自由液面Free Surface // 自由液面修正值Free surface correction每厘米纵倾力矩Moment to Change trim per centimeter稳性力矩Stability Moment // 稳性力臂Stability Lever(最大)横倾角Heeling angle // 横倾力矩Heeling Moment中拱Hogging // 中垂Sagging揽货Solicitation /Canvassion //收货Take delivery // 交付Delivery配载图Stowage plan/Cargo plan // 装载Loading // 卸载Discharge/Unloading 过驳Lighting //搬运Handling // 衬垫Dunnage // 堆码Stowage//绑扎Lashing 包装Package// 隔票Segregation/Separation直达货Direct cargo/Through cargo // 转船货Transshipment cargo过境货Transit cargo // 选港货Optional cargo联运货Through Transport cargo = Through cargo吨税Tonnage dues // 关税Customs duties // 结关单Clearance certificate保税库Bounded store/Bond room // 关封Customs seal件杂货Break bulk cargo // 件散货Neobulk cargo//固体散货Solid bulk cargo 液体散货Liquid bulk cargo // 冷藏货Refrigerated cargo成组货Unitized cargo // 托盘货Palletired cargo // 计重货Weight cargo有害货Noxious cargo/Harmful cargo舱容系数Coefficient of hold // 容积吨Measurement ton积载因数Stowage factor // 包装容积Bale capacity散装容积Bulk capacity/Grain capacity亏舱Broken space/ Broken stowage主标志Main mark // 付标志Counter mark // 注意标志Notice mark危险标志Dangerous mark // 标签Label // 标牌Placard // 自然减量Tolerance 准备就绪通知书Notice of Readiness(NOR) // 满舱满载Full and down溢卸Over-landed/over-delivery // 短卸Short-landed/Short-delivery滞期Demurrage // 速遣Dispatch // 港口习惯Custom of port习惯装卸速度Customary quick dispatch (CQD)晴天工作日Weather Working Day (WWD) // 限期装船Prompt loading船舶供应商Ship chandler // 装卸工Stevedore //干舱证书Dry certificate惰性气体Inert Gas(IG) // 原油洗舱Crude Oil Washing (COW)顶装法Load on Top(LOT) // 保护位置Protective location(PL)清洁压载舱Clean Ballast Tank(CBT)专用(分隔)压载舱Segregated Ballast Tanks(SBT)专用压载水舱系统Segregated Ballast water Tank system(SBT)除气/驱气/扫气(油轮卸货后把油舱残余油气消除到0.05%以下)Gas Freeing扫气置换Purging // 污油水Slop // 舱底水(垫水)Tank bottom water平舱Trimming // 水尺检量Draught survey排位Bay // 层位Tier // 列位Slot //混合货Mixed cargo // 单件货Loose cargo 箱主代号Container owner code // 国家代号Container country code核对数字Check digit // 集装箱货运站Container Freight Station(CFS)集装箱堆场Container Yard(CY)远离Away from // 隔离Separated from货舱隔离Separated by a complete compartment or hold from配装类Stowage category // 包装类Packaging group坠落试验Drop test // 渗漏试验Leakage test // 堆装试验Stacking test液压试验Hydraulic pressure test // 国际海事International Maritime包装标号Packaging code number // 联合国编号UN number(United Nations)组织类号Organization class IMO class装货单Shipping order // 收货单(大副收据)Mate’s receipt装货清单Loading list/Cargo list // 载货清单(舱单)Manifest运费清单Freight manifest // 危险品清单Dangerous cargo list批注清单Remark list // 到货通知Arrival notice // 提货单Delivery order货物残损单Damage cargo list // 货物查询单Cargo tracer卸货报告Outturn report // 过驳清单Cargo boat note现场记录Record on spot // 工厂交货Ex works /Ex factory / Ex mill车上交货Free on rail/Free on truck/ex rail //船边交货Free Alongside Ship(FAS) 离岸价格(船上交货)Free on Board (FOB)成本加运费价格Cost and Freight (C&F)到岸价格Cost Insurance and Freight (CIF)目的港船上交货Ex ship // 目的港码头交货Ex quay/Ex wharf/ Ex pier信用证Letter of Credit(L/C) //保函(L/G)Letter of Guarantee/ (LI)Letter of Indemnity/ Back Letter运费Freight // 基本运费Basic Freight // 附加运费Additional charge港口使费Terminal charge // 仓储费Storage charge码头费Port Disbursement / Port dues / Port charge进/出口许可Import/export permit行李/自带行李Luggage/Cabin luggage开航权Right of sailing // 公正权Right of Notary //违禁物品Prohibited articles 不准入境Entrance prohibited // 偷渡Stowaway // 出走Walk away海面搜寻协调船Surface Search Coordination (CSS)现场指挥On-Scene Commander(OSC)救助协调中心Rescue Coordinator Center（RCC）救助分中心Rescue Sub-Center (RSC) // 救助单位Rescue Unit (RU)搜救区Search and Rescue Region (SRR)// 搜寻半径Search Radius遇险者Person in distress鱼具Fishing gear // 拖网Trawl // 围网Purse Seine//流网作业Drift fishing拖网作业Trawl fishing/trawling // 围网作业Surrounding fishing对拖Twin trawling /Pair trawling // 单拖Otter trawling放/起网Shooting /Hauling net // 沉船打捞Raising of a wreck浮筒打捞Raising with salvage Pontoons // 沉船勘测Lifting by floating crane潜水Driving // 潜水员Driver // 潜水服Driving suit扫海Sweeping // 障碍物探测Obstruction rounding人工岛Artificial Island // 水产养殖Aquaculture //海上旅游区Sea Tourist area海上自然保护区Marine natural Reserves //近岸设施Offshore Terminal海上钻井架Drilling rigs at sea // 近海钻井作业Offshore drilling operation钻井平台Drilling platform // 海底管道Submarine pipeline快速接头Quick release coupling // 扫线Hose sweeping航行管理与法规拘留权Right of seizure // 航行权Right of navigation保护权Right of protection // 通行权Right of passage内水Inland waters/Internal waters // 内海Inner sea/Internal sea领海Territorial Sea/ Territorial waters // 公海High sea/Open sea海峡Strait // 沿海国Coastal state // 海岸带Coastal zone //船旗国Flag state港口国Port State // 港口国管理Port State Control (PSC)船籍港Home port/ port of registration //方便旗Flag of convenience港务/海务监督当局Harbor/Marine Superintendence Administration (HSA/MSA 船舶管辖权Jurisdiction over ship //国际惯例International custom and usage最惠国待遇Most Favored Nation Treatment(MFNT)提单Bill of lading (B/L) // 电子提单electronic bill of lading已装船提单On board bill of lading/Shipped bill of lading直达提单Direct bill of lading // 转船提单Tran(s)shipment bill of lading联运提单Through bill of lading //清洁/不清洁提单Clean/Foul bill of lading记名/不记名提单Straight/Blank bill of lading // 指示提单Order B/L倒签提单Anti-dated B/L // 过期提单Stale B/L // 舱面货提单On deck B/L驾驶船舶过失Default in navigation of the ship管理船舶过失Default in management of the ship通航水域Navigable waters // 绕航Deviation // 延迟交货Delay in delivery责任限制Limitation of liability承运人Carrier //托运人Shipper //收货人Consignee //受货人Receiver提单持有人Holder of B/L // 通知方Notify Party //船期表Sailing schedule提单转让Transfer of B/L // 首要(最高)条款Paramount clause谨慎处理Due diligence // 除外(免责)条款Exception clause/Exemption Clause 时效Time bar/Time limitation // 散装货条款Bulk cargo clause转船条款Tran(s)shipment clause // 木材条款Timber clause适航Seaworthiness // 适货Cargo worthiness // 地区条款Local clause海运单Seaway bill // 船舶所有人Shipowner //船舶经营人Ship operator实际承运人Actual carrier // 承租人Charterer航次租船Voyage Charter // 光船租赁Bareboat charter定期期租Time charter // 受载期Laydays // 解约日Cancelling date装卸期限Laytime/laycan //装卸时间事实记录Laytime statement of fact短装损失Damage for short lift // 适航吃水差Seaworthy trim共同海损条款General average clause交船(通常与下一租家签约)Delivery of vessel还船(通常与上一租家解租)Redelivery of vessel租期Period of Hire // 停租Off-Hire // 转租Subletling /Sub-chartering海上救助Salvage at sea // 人命救助Life salvage弃船Abandonment of ship // 保赔Protection and Indemnity (P & I)保险人Insurer/ Assurer /Underwriter // 抛弃Jettison单独海损Particular Average (PA) // 共同海损General Average (GA)船级Class of ship // 船级社Ship Classification Society /Register of Shipping入级检验Classification Survey // 验船师Surveyer初次检验Initial Survey // 定期检验Periodical Survey年度检验Annual Survey // 坞内检验Docking survey特别检验Special Survey // 临时检验Occasional Survey//检验报告Survey report 港区Harbor area // 港界Harbor Limit/Harbor boundary //港章Port regulations 通航密集区Dense traffic zone // 交通管制区Traffic control zone船舶交通管理(中心)Vessel Traffic Service(Center)(VTS) //交通密Traffic density 强制引航Mandatory Pilotage / Compulsory Pilotage //引航签证单Piotage form 漂浮物Floating substance // 沉没物Sunk object //处置废物Disposal of waster 航迹分布Track distribution // 交通流Traffic flow // 交通量Traffic限速Limiting speed // 船舶报告系统Vessel reporting system初始/最终报告Initial /Final report // 船位报告Position report航行计划报告Sailing plan report // 航次报告Voyage report港口国管理检查Inspection of Port State Control //海员证Seaman’s book登轮检查Inspection by boarding // 船舶安全检查Ship safety inspection船员证书Certificate of seafarer //船舶证书Ship certificate//海上资历Sea service 联合检查Joint inspection // 抄关Searching // 海关Customs//报关Declaration 退关Shut out // 检疫Quarantine //熏舱Fumigation //除鼠Deratting登陆证Landing Permit/Shore Pass航行值班Navigation watch //停泊值班Harbor watch//实习生Cadet(第一次上船) 练习生(见习生)Apprentice //驾助Assistance officer//海事声明Sea Protest //海事报告Marine Accident Report// 全损Total loss海事调查Maritime Investigation // 海洋污染Marine pollution扣押船舶Arrest of ship // 拍卖船舶Auction of ship污油水舱Slop tank//围油栏Oil Fence/Oil boom//有害物资Harmful substance水上通信标准航海用语Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary(SMNV)遇险呼叫程序Distress Call Procedure//船舶呼号Ship’s call sign救生信号Life saving signal //呼叫点Calling-in-point(CIP)报告点Reporting point // 呼叫Calling//识别Identify//收妥Acknowledge字母旗Alphabetical flag // 数字旗Numeral flag//代旗Substitute flag回答旗Code and answering pendent /Affirmative flag/Answering pennant商船旗Merchant ship flag // 公司旗House Flag//挂满旗Full dress国旗Ensign/National ensign/ National flag //落旗致敬Dip to下半旗Flag at halfmast //搜救业务Search and Rescue service(SAR service)海上安全信息Maritime safety information (MSI)遇险/安全信息Distress /Safety message数字选择性呼叫Digital selective calling (DSC)紧急/安全通信Urgent/safety communication全球海上遇险安全系统Global Maritime Distress and Safety System(GMDSS)国际海事卫星系统International Maritime Satellite System(INMARSAT)船舶地球站Ship Earth Station(SES)卫星紧急无线电示位标Satellite Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon ---------------(Satellite EPIRB)衰落fading // 单工Simplex // 双工Duplex //静噪Squelch //查询Polling收悉照办Wilco // 洪亮和清晰Reading you loud and clear糟糕Bad // 很差Poor // 还可以Fair // 不错挺好good // 很好Excellent Beaufort No. // Wind speed //Term // Effects Observed at sea蒲福风力等级// 风速//名称//海面征象0少于1 Calm无风// 海平如镜11~3 Light air软风明显鳞状波纹；波峰无白沫24~6 Light Breeze 轻风较小小波；波纹明显；波峰未开花37~10 Gentle Breeze微风较大小波；波峰开花有稀疏白浪411~16Moderate b’ze和风小浪波长逐渐变长白浪稍多517~21Fresh B’ze 清风中浪;波长明显变长白浪很多偶有水雾622~27StrongB’ze 强风大浪;到处都是白沫浪头;往往有水雾728~33Near gale 疾风浪头高耸;开花浪白沫开始随风成串飞溅834~40Gale 大风中高浪;浪头开始开花翻滚白沫明显成串飞溅941~47Stront gale烈风高浪;白沫密集成串飞溅浪头开始上下翻滚1048~55 Storm 狂风非常高的浪大片大片的白沫密集地随风成串飞溅;整个海面呈白色1156~63 Violent storm暴风特高浪;海面沿风方向白沫弥漫;所有浪头都被风吹成泡沫1264and over Hurricane 飓风空中充满白沫和水雾;海面白茫茫一片; 能见度严重受到影响Classification No. // Term //Visibility级别名称能见距离0 Dense fog 大雾1/4 cable 链1 Thick fog 浓雾1cable 链2 Fog 中雾 2.5Cables 链3 Moderate fog 轻雾1/2n.m.海里4 Thin fog or mist 薄雾1n.m.海里5 Visibility poor 能见度不良2n.m. 海里6 Visibility moderate 中能见度5n.m. 海里7 Visibility good 好能见度10n.m. 海里8 Visibility very good 良好能见度30n.m. 海里9 Visibility exceptional 极好能见度Over 30n.m. 30海里以上热带气旋名称（中心附近最大风力）热带低压Tropical Depression (TD 6~7级)热带风暴Tropical Storm(TS 8~9级)强热带风暴Severe Tropical Storm (STS 10~11级)。