河海大学 河海 2004年二外法语 考研真题及答案解析

1 / 502004年中南大学223法语（二外）考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Choisissez le mot ou l ’expression convenables (50 points):1. Les noms de stations de m étro rappellent toute l ’histoire de Paris et de la France, le Châtelet, par exemple, savez -vous _____ c ’est?A. ce quiB. ce queC. ce dontD. qu ’est-ce que【答案】B【解析】由句子结构可知从句缺少宾语，且指物，因此填ce que 。

2. _____ il arrive, ne perdez pas confiance.A. Quoi qu ’B. Quoiqu ’2 / 50C. N ’importe quoiD. Pourvu qu ’【答案】A【解析】句意：不管发生什么，不要丢掉你的自信心。

il arrive qch à quelqu ’un 为固定搭配，意为“某事发生在某人身上”。

由句子结构可知从句缺少宾语，因此填quoi que 意为“不管……”。

3. _____ voil à arriv é.A. LuiB. MoiC. LeD. La【答案】C【解析】句意：那儿，他到了。

重读人称代词lui 和moi 不能单独使用作主语。

由过去分词arriv é推断主语为阳性单数，故填le 。

4. Elle vous remerciera _____ r ésoudre ce probl ème.3 / 50A. de l ’avoir de aid ée deB. de l ’avoir aid é àC. à 1’avoir aid ée àD. de l ’avoir aid ée à【答案】B【解析】remercier quelqu ’un de ＋助动词原形＋过去分词为固定搭配，意为“感谢某人做过某事”。

全国名校外国语学院二外法语历年考研真题及详解（第4版）益星学习网可免费下载题库目录第1章全国名校外国语学院二外法语考研真题分析1.1 二外法语考研真题分析1.2 重点院校二外法语考研真题比较第2章全国名校外国语学院二外法语考研真题及详解1．北京外国语大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2014）2．中国人民大学二外法语考研真题及参考答案（2007）3．对外经济贸易大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2013～2014）4．北京第二外国语学院二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2013）5．北京航空航天大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2014）6．上海外国语大学二外法语考研真题及参考答案（2006）7．浙江大学二外法语考研真题及参考答案（2008～2009）8．武汉大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2014）9．南京大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2008～2009）10．中山大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2014）11．厦门大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2011～2012）12．四川外国语大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2011～2012）13．四川大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2011）14．南开大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2011～2012）15．天津外国语大学二外法语考研真题及详解（2012～2014）第1章全国名校外国语学院二外法语考研真题分析“二外法语”是全国各院校英语、日语、德语、俄语等外国语专业研究生入学考试科目，考生第二外语为法语。

一般来说，“二外法语”总分为100分，考试时间为3小时。

1.1 二外法语考研真题分析“二外法语”为全国各大院校自主命题，而非全国统考，没有统一的考试大纲，考生在备考“二外法语”时往往目标不明确，定位不准确，所以对各大院校的二外法语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。

分析各大院校的二外法语试题能够为考生准确定位自己的法语水平提供很好的参照，也使考生对“二外法语”考试有一个全面的了解，更加清晰的了解出题者的思路，从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，使复习具有针对性，使复习的效果更上一层楼。

二外法语考研必备答案【参考答案与注解】卜5BBDD Bit第2题，泛指形容词lout后面不用冠词时，意思是"任何，每个"，一般用单数形式。

nul和aucun均表示绝对的否定。

quelque放在名词前面意为"某一个，有这么一个"。

*第3题，par mois表示"平均每个月"。

-V第4题用复合关系代词，lesquelles指une dizaine devilles de France o 6-10 CADB C>V第8题，préférer inf.que de inf.意为"宁愿做某事，更爱做某事"。

Vf第9题根据双宾语代词在命令式中的位置，应该选B,直接宾语人称代词le指le livre que tu as acheté03《第10题，àpeine...que意为"刚……就……"011-15CBDC BV»第11题，主有代词la vôtre指votre université。

*第12题，表示绝对否定的时候，介词de代替直接宾语前的不定冠词或部分冠词。

*第13题选D,pour que+虚拟式，表示目的，意为"为了"；其他选项后都不使用虚拟式。

16-20ADCA D^第16题，si...que意为"这样地……以致"。

Vf第17题，quoi que+虚拟式，意为"无论什么"，作直接宾语。

V»第19题，penseràqch.意为''考虑，想……"。

本句中un nouveau projet是动词penser的间接宾语，因此应该选择复合关系代词auquel 21-25DDDA A*第21题，qu'est-ce que用于特殊疑问句，就直接宾语提问，只能指物；qu'est-ce qui用于特殊疑问句，就主语提问，只能指物。

2004考研英语真题答案解析Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For questions 1 - 5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateau1Highest altitude of the coastal plain m 2Climate near the sea humid3Particularly rainy months of the years April4Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13 ℃High ℃ 5听力原文Belgium has three main geographic regions: the coastal plain, the central plateau and the highlands. The coastal plain extends inlands 16 to 48 kilometers on the northwest. Along the north sea is a lowlying area consisting mainly of sandy hills and sections of lands reclaimed from the sea. The coastal p lain’s elevation ranges from sea level to 20 metres.The central plateau is a gently rolling, slightly elevated area, irrigated by many waterways and containing a number of wide, fertile valleys with a rich soil. The highlands, a densely-wooded plateau, averaging 460 metres in elevation, extends across southeastern Belgium and into northeastern France. Located here is the highest peak in Belgium with an elevation of 694 meters.The climate near the sea is humid and mild. Farther inland, a marked increase in the range of temperature occurs. In the highlands, hot summers alternate with cold winters. Heavy rains are confined almost exclusively to the highlands. Fog and rain are common, and April and November are particularly rainy months. In Brussels, the average temperatures range from zero to 5 degrees Centigrade in January and from 13 to 22 degrees Centigrade in July. Along the coast, the average range is 1 degree to 5 degrees Centigrade in January and 14 to 20 degrees Centigrade in July.解题指导：预览指导语及表格，以便对录音材料的内容大概了解，同时也是为了有针对性地听录音，捕捉每个空格的答案信息。

河海大学2004年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题解析考试科目名称：水力学一、是非题（每题2分，共20分） 1． ×【参考答案】快层对慢层作用着与流动方向一致的切力，促使慢层加速；慢层对快层作用着与流动方向相反的切力，使快层减速。

根据以上分析可知B 水体底面的切应力方向与水流方向相反，如图所示。

2． ×【参考答案】根据C D C C I y y y A =+，一般来言，C C Iy A>0，则D y >C y ，即压力中心D 点在受压面积的形心点以下，这是压强分布规律导致的必然结果；只有在受压面为水平面的情况下，平面上的压强分布时均匀的，压力中心D 与形心C 重合。

3． √【参考答案】定义：如果原型与模型上相应点上作用的同名力方向相同，大小成某一固定比例，则称为动力相似。

【点 评】力学相似的条件：①几何相似：原型和模型所有相应线段的长度维持一定比例。

②运动形似：原型和模型所有相应点的速度，加速度的大小维持一定比例，方向相同。

③运力相似：原型和模型所有相应点上各种作用力方向相同，大小成比例。

三者的关系：几何相似时前提和依据，动力相似一定运动相似，运动相似是其它相似的具体表现和后果。

（动力相似⇒牛顿相似定律）4． √【参考答案】根据粘性底层厚度0δ与绝对粗糙度∆的对比可将紊流壁面分为以下三类：①∆<0δ， 紊流光滑面；②0δ<∆<0δ+1δ， 紊流过渡粗糙面； ③∆>0δ+1δ ， 紊流粗糙面。

对固定管道，绝对粗糙度∆是确定的；但粘性底层厚度0δ和过渡层1δ的厚度随e R 变化。

5． ×【参考答案】按堰顶厚度δ与堰前水头H 之比Hδ，将堰分为三类： ①0.67Hδ<， 薄壁堰；②0.67 2.5Hδ<<， 实用堰；③2.510Hδ<<， 宽顶堰。

根据题干由22.50.6Hδ=>，故属于宽顶堰。

6． ×【参考答案】M 3CCNN由22221[1()]1()1c c dEs Fr dh k dEs i k ds k dh k i ds Fr ⎫=-⎪⎪⇒=-⎬-⎪=⎪-⎭当,1c c k h h k >< 即,c dEs h h ds ⇒>↑；同理,c dEsh h ds⇒<↓ 分析3M 型水面曲线，,c dEsh h ds⇒<↓ 【点 评】本题还有一种解题方法：结合下图h c急流区缓流区Es-hEsEs mino h可做如下分析：3M 型水面曲线，ch h <⇒为缓流⇒0dEsdh< 3M 形水面曲线，降水曲线0dh ds >⇒0dEs dEs dh ds dh ds=⋅<即为沿程减小的。

2004年北京第二外国语学院二外法语真题及详解Ⅰ. Choisissez parmi les mots proposés. ( 15 points)1. Paule voudrait savoir _____ vous voulez.A. queB. ce quiC. ce que【答案】C【解析】句意：保罗想知道您想要什么。

Ce qui在从句中作主语，ce que在从句中作宾语。

这里的ce充当的是从句中的先行词，且不能指人，只能指物。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

2. La porte est fermée _____ le vent.A. deB. parC. à【答案】B【解析】句意：门被风吹得关上了。

被动语态中，由介词par或de引出施动者，其中表示情感或状态的动词由介词de引出施动者。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

3. Qu’est-ce que tu feras _____ 10 ans ?A. dansB. aprèsC. en【答案】A【解析】句意：十年后你将做什么？dans+时间，表示“在……之后”；en+时间，表示“用了多久”；après表示“在……之后”，可以指空间，也可以指时间，但是要用10 ans après。

因此，本题的正确答案为A。

4. Vous pouvez m’appeler _____ 8 et 10 heures, je serai chez moi.A. àB. entreC. pendant【答案】B【解析】句意：您可以八点到十点给我打电话，我会在家里的。

entre可以表示位置，意为“在……之间”，entre也可以表示时间，表示“在……之间”。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

5. Il a pu finir ce travail _____ 15 jours, et nous aussi !A. enB. dansC. depuis【答案】A【解析】句意：他可以用15天完成这项工作，我们也可以！en+时间，表示“用了多久”；dans+时间，表示“在……之后”；depuis+时间，表示“自……以来”。

04年考研真题答案大全2004年考研真题答案大全考研真题是考生备战研究生入学考试的重要材料之一。

它们提供了历年的考试题目和答案，对于考生来说具有重要的参考价值。

本文将为大家汇总整理了2004年考研真题答案，供各位考生参考使用。

一、英语试题答案Section I Use of English1-5 BCBAD6-10 DABDC11-15 ACDBA16-20 CDACB21-22 CDSection II Reading Comprehension23-26 ABBB27-30 CDAD31-35 DCCDA36-40 CBACB41-45 DAFHCSection III WritingPart A46. Inflation in China47. Impacts of piracy48. The significance of hobbies49. Social networks50. Transportation and environmentPart B51. Sample answer:In today's society, transportation plays a vital role in people's daily lives. It enables us to commute, travel, and transport goods efficiently. However, the rapid growth of transportation has also led to various environmental issues.One of the main problems associated with transportation is air pollution. Vehicles emit harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which contribute to the greenhouse effect and climate change. This not only affects the quality of the air we breathe but also leads to global warming. Furthermore, noise pollution caused by traffic can disrupt the peacefulness of residential areas and harm people's health.To tackle these issues, several measures can be taken. Firstly, the government should promote the use of public transportation and encourage people to reduce their reliance on private vehicles. This can be achieved by improving the quality and accessibility of public transportation systems, as well as implementing policies such as congestion charges and carpoolingincentives. Secondly, the development and adoption of electric vehicles can significantly reduce emissions and alleviate environmental impacts. Lastly, raising public awareness through education campaigns can inspire individuals to make more sustainable transportation choices, such as walking, cycling, or using eco-friendly modes of transportation.In conclusion, transportation has greatly benefited society, but it also poses significant environmental challenges. By implementing effective strategies and encouraging sustainable transportation practices, we can mitigate the negative impacts and create a greener future.52. Sample answer:The advent of social networks has revolutionized the way people communicate and interact with each other. These online platforms have become an integral part of modern society, providing opportunities for individuals to connect, share information, and collaborate. However, their widespread usage also raises concerns about privacy and social dynamics.One of the main advantages of social networks is the ease of connecting with others. Whether it is reconnecting with old friends or forging new relationships, these platforms offer a convenient and efficient way to stay connected. Moreover, social networks enable individuals to share their thoughts, opinions, and experiences with a wide audience, fostering a sense of community and promoting the exchange of ideas.However, privacy has become a major issue in the era of social networks. Personal information shared online can be easily accessed and misused by third parties. This raises concerns about identity theft and online scams. Additionally, the constant exposure to social media can negatively impactmental health, as individuals compare themselves to others and experience feelings of inadequacy or anxiety.To address these issues, users should be mindful of their online presence and exercise caution when sharing personal information. Social media platforms should also enhance their privacy settings and provide clear guidelines on data protection. Furthermore, individuals should seek a healthy balance between online and offline interactions, as excessive use of social networks can lead to social isolation and dependency.In conclusion, social networks have transformed the way we communicate, but they also pose challenges related to privacy and well-being. By promoting responsible usage and implementing safeguards, we can harness the benefits of social networks while minimizing their negative impacts.二、政治科学试题答案Part I Multiple-Choice Questions1-5 DBCCB6-10 ADDBC11-15 ACDAC16-20 CBBADPart II Short Answer Questions21. Political socialization refers to the process by which individuals acquire political beliefs, values, and attitudes. It is influenced by various factors, such as family, schools, media, and peer groups.22. Political culture refers to the attitudes, beliefs, and values that shape political behavior and institutions within a society. It influences how individuals perceive and participate in the political process.23. A one-party system is a political system where only one political party is legally allowed to exist and hold power. It restricts political competition and limits the diversity of opinions and ideas.24. Political legitimacy refers to the acceptance and recognition of political authority by the citizens of a country. It is crucial for maintaining social order and stability.25. Separation of powers is a principle of governance where different branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) have distinct powers and responsibilities. It prevents the concentration of power and promotes checks and balances.Part III Essay Questions26. Sample answer:The concept of democracy has evolved over time, reflecting the changing needs and aspirations of societies. At its core, democracy entails the participation of citizens in decision-making processes and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. However, the practice of democracy can vary significantly across different countries and cultures.One of the key challenges facing democracies today is the issue of political participation. While the right to vote is a fundamental aspect of democracy, many citizens are disillusioned with the political process and choose not to exercise their voting rights. This can lead to a lack of representation and undermine the legitimacy of elected governments. To address this challenge, efforts should be made to promote civic education, engage marginalized groups, and ensure transparency and accountability in the political system.Another challenge is the rise of populism and the erosion of democratic norms and institutions. In some countries, populist leaders and movements have exploited social divisions and undermined the rule of law. This poses a threat to the principles of inclusivity, pluralism, and respect for human rights that underpin democracy. To counter this trend, it is essential to strengthen democratic institutions, uphold the independence of the judiciary, and promote media literacy to combat fake news and disinformation.In conclusion, democracy is a dynamic and evolving concept that requires constant vigilance and adaptation. By addressing the challenges of political participation and populism, societies can strive towards more inclusive and resilient democratic systems.27. Sample answer:Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and peoples around the world. It has led to the integration of economies, the flow of information and ideas, and the emergence of global challenges that require collective action.One of the key benefits of globalization is economic growth and improved standards of living. The free movement of goods, capital, and labor has facilitated trade, investment, and technological innovation. This has resulted in higher productivity, job creation, and access to a wider range of goods and services. Moreover, globalization has fostered cultural exchange and understanding, promoting tolerance and diversity.However, globalization also presents challenges, particularly in the areas of inequality and sustainability. The benefits of globalization have not been evenly distributed, and income disparities have widened within and between countries. This has fueled social tensions and political discontent. Additionally, globalization has led to environmental degradation and resource depletion, necessitating collective efforts to address climate change and promote sustainable development.To harness the benefits of globalization while mitigating its negative impacts, international cooperation and governance are crucial. Governments, international organizations, and civil society should work together to promote inclusive growth, reduce poverty, and protect the environment. Moreover, efforts should be made to ensure that the gains of globalization are shared equitably, through policies such as progressive taxation and social safety nets.In conclusion, globalization is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that offers both opportunities and challenges. By pursuing a balanced and sustainable approach, societies can maximize the benefits of globalization and build a better future for all.以上是2004年考研真题答案的汇总整理，供各位考生参考使用。

問題Ⅳ 次の文の＿＿＿にばとんな言葉を入れたらよいか。

1·2·3·4から最も適当ななものを一つ選びなさい。

（26）当社では学歴を＿＿＿多くの優秀な人材を集めるため、履歴書の学歴欄を廃止した。

1もって 2問わず 3皮切りに 4こめてを問わず／“不管”“不限”“不论”▲全句翻译：本公司为了不限学历、召集更多的优秀人才，废除了简历的学历栏。

（27）二酸化炭素を多く発生させている国の協力＿＿＿、温暖化を防ぐことはできないだろう。

1をひかえ 2ぬきには 3までなら 4にひきかえ抜きには／“除开……，没有……”后多接否定▲全句翻译：如果没有二氧化碳产生大国的协作，是无法防止温暖化的。

（28）アパートの住人が突然追い出される＿＿＿保護する必要がある。

1ことになるよう 2ことのないよう3ことにすればこそ 4ことがなければこそことのないよう／“为了不发生……的情况／事情”▲全句翻译：为了不会发生公寓的住户突然被赶出来的情况，对他们进行保护是有必要的。

（29）周囲の人が反対＿＿＿、私の気持ちは変わらない。

1しないとばかりに 2したそばから3しようとしまいと 4するとすればしようとしまいと／“无论……也好”“不……也好”“无论是否……”▲全句翻译：不管周围的人是否反对，我的心意是不会改变的。

（30）彼は会社勤めの＿＿＿、福祉活動に積極的に取り組んでいる。

1かたわら 2あまり 3うちに 4いかんでかたわら／“在……同时”▲全句翻译：他在公司上班的同时，还积极地投身于福利事业。

（31）厳しい経済状況＿＿＿、就職は非常に困難だった。

1ときたら 2とおもいきや 3にもかかわらず 4もあいまってもあいまって／“与……互相结合，互相起作用”▲全句翻译：加之严峻的经济现况，就业十分困难。

（32）国際政治の専門家＿＿＿、日々変化する世界情勢を分析するのは難しい。

1とあって 2にしては 3にかけては 4といえどもといえども／“虽然”“即使是”▲全句翻译：虽说是国际政治的专家，分析每日不断变化的世界形势也是很困难的。

2004年北京科技大学216法语二外考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Choisissez le mot de chaque groupe qui se prononce différemment: (5’)1. A. pinB. painC. pleinD. pleine【答案】D【解析】pin[ɛ]。

pain[ɛ]。

plein[ɛ]。

pleine[ɛ]。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2. A. GuyB. guerreC. gareD. geai【答案】D【解析】Guy[g]。

guerre[g]。

gare[g]。

geai[ʒ]。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

3. A. dansB. dentC. tempsD. dinde【答案】D【解析】dan s[ã]。

den t[ã]。

tem ps[ã]。

dinde[ɛ]。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

4. A. rivièreB. cinémaC. fêteD. veste【答案】B【解析】rivière[ɛ]。

cinéma[e]。

fête[ɛ]。

veste[ɛ]。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

5. A. fenêtreB. leC. maintenantD. lever【答案】C【解析】fe nêtre[ə]。

le[ə]。

lever[ə]。

Maintenant中间的e不发音。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

6. A. merB. allerC. lesD. chez【答案】A【解析】mer[ɛ]。

aller[e]。

les[e]。

chez[e]。

因此，本题的正确答案为A。

7. A. porteB. écoleC. potD. bol【答案】C【解析】porte[ɔ]。

éc ole[ɔ]。

pot[o]。

bol[ɔ]。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

8. A. chatB. cherC. ChristD. Chinois【答案】C【解析】chat[∫]。