英语专业考研基础英语改错高分特训500句+100篇(第1~2章)【圣才出品】

◇文学传记类Passage1题材：文学传记类字数：416He is fearless,altruistic,steel-willed,hospitable,unbelievably hardy, unpretentious and warm—and he has lost none of these qualities since becoming Russia’s president.It is a scrupulously unbiased snapshot of Vladimir Putin if you believe the author of the first volume of a Kremlin-backed trilogy on Putin’s life,written in the unmistakable style the Soviets once reserved for Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin.“I do not think it is a eulogy.I simply conveyed what people(who met Putin) said,”Oleg Blotsky told a news conference on Monday as he posed for photos with his“Vladimir Putin”.The book,complete with a genealogical tree back to the beginning of the18th century and a chapter dedicated to Putin’s ancestors,spans from his birth to the start of his career as a KGB spy.Putin contributed to the work with extensive interviews to Blotsky.The result is a selection of memories by Putin’s friends and acquaintances who hold nothing but the warmest recollections of him.The only person in the book who does not heap praise on the president is Putin himself,who is characteristically humble.Praise bestowed on the Kremlin leader ranges from young judoist Putin fighting“like a snow leopard”to many years later his being visibly moved whendecorated war veterans in the Kremlin stood up in salute as he entered the hall.It opens with the Kremlin generously answering an old woman’s plea—addressed in a letter to“V.V.Putin,the Kremlin,Moscow”—to help erect a decent tombstone on the grave of Putin’s first teacher.One account portrays Putin as a man who would stop at nothing to win a fight.“He would scratch,bite,snatch tufts of hair,do anything to avoid being humiliated in any way,”an old friend said.But young Putin is also an ordinary boy,frightened by a looming visit to the dentist.The book is written in simple easy-to-read Russian.Blotsky said neither Putin nor any other Kremlin official ever sought to censor his work or steer it in a specific direction.Putin only read the book when it hit shop shelves last week,he said.The book’s first run of15,000copies was selling well in Moscow shops and China,Bulgaria and Slovenia have shown an interest in issuing a translation,the publisher said.Blotsky,who said he was a converted Putinist after his audiences with the president,said he was already working on the second volume of his series “Vladimir Putin:Rise to Power”.1.What do we know about Lenin’s biography according to the second paragraph?[A]It was the first perfect biography without mistakes in Soviet history.[B]It was written in the form of a scrupulously unbiased snapshot.[C]It was written by the same author of Putin’s biography.[D]It was a voluminous Kremlin-backed biography.2.Oleg Blotsky doesn’t want others to regard the biography as______.[A]a praise of Putin[B]public opinions[C]his personal understanding of Putin[D]an imitation of Lenin’s biography3.Putin was deeply touched by the war veterans when______.[A]they sang high praise of him[B]he recalled their heroic deeds[C]they saluted him with respect[D]he decorated them in the Kremlin4.How did Putin react to the plea of erecting a decent tombstone on the grave of his first teacher?[A]He delegated the task to one of his subordinates.[B]He helped erect the tombstone accordingly and willingly.[C]He not only erected the tombstone but also rebuilt the grave.[D]He went to visit the grave before promising to erect the tombstone.5.How was Blotsky influenced by Putin?[A]He decided to write the biography because he was a Putinist.[B]He was sure that the readers would be converted to Putinists.[C]His interviews with Putin made him adore Putin very much.[D]His interviews with Putin eliminated his doubts about Putin.参考答案及解析1.B由第二段可知列宁传记是以the unmistakable style写成的，普京传记在写作上也使用了the unmistakable style，根据上下文推断可知这种unmistakable style指的是该段开头提到的a scrupulously unbiased snapshot.所以B项正确。

单句改错专练500题1. Everyone of us is working hard in the factory。

2. I have caught a bad cold for a week and I can’t get rid of it.3. This is the steel plant where we visited last week。

4。

Following the road and you will find the store。

5. This is all what Dr. Smith said at the meeting.6。

He promised to come and see us after the supper。

7。

John had been here to see you, but he left five minutes ago。

8. My mother is busy preparing for supper。

9. I've heard him but I never know him。

10. We got on the sc hool bus and which took us straight to the People’s Park.11. From what I have seen and heard， I must say Chinese people are living happily。

12。

Everyone agreed to his suggestion which we should hold a meeting to talk about the problem。

13. Oliver Twist， the hero of the story, he was an orphan。

14。

Why don’t you ask anybody else to help you？15. The pen is missing, for we cannot find it everywhere。

改错题常考要点一、代词代词中主要讲解六个问题(一) 掌握代词的几种格主格、宾格、所有格名词前面用代词来修饰，只能用所有格（my books）(二) 反身代词当主语和宾语表示同一事物时，宾语使用反身代词。

He killed himself. （他自杀了）He killed him. （他杀了他）例：Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigatingA Ba series of indicators that could helpCthemselves to predict earthquakes.D分析：D错，应改为them。

如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。

从句意来看，help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。

注意C并没有错，情态动词could 比can语气弱，表示较小的可能性。

Indicator为征兆，这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。

主语是征兆，后面指研究者，不是同一个事物(三) 代词的单复数，代词的性别在考试中如果代词打横线，代词错误的概率是非常高的，因此代词打横线，应该先看代词有没有错。

例：The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into theA B C DPacific.分析：D错，应改为those。

D指代复数名词waters, it是单数，显然是错误的，根据习惯故改为those。

注意waters一词并没有错，它指江湖河海中的大片水域，可用复数形式。

第1章阅读理解技巧指南1.1 大纲要求和试题类型全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会根据《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》以及培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才的教育目标，制定了全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲，其中，《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲对阅读理解部分的具体要求如下：1. 考核要求1）能读懂常见外刊上的专题文章、历史传记及文学作品等各种文体的文章，既能理解其主旨和大意，又能分辨出其中的事实与细节，并能理解其中的观点和隐含意义。

2）能根据阅读时间要求调整自己的阅读速度。

2. 试题类型1) 多项选择题（包括信息事实性阅读题和观点评判性阅读题）；2) 简答题（要求根据所阅读的文章，用3-5行字数的有限篇幅扼要回答问题，重点考查阅读综述能力）。

本部分题材广泛，体裁多样，选材体现时代性、实用性；重点考查通过阅读获取信息和理解观点的能力；对阅读速度有一定要求。

通过分析各大院校《翻译硕士英语》考研真题可知，阅读理解的出题形式主要为四至五篇文章，其中一至两篇为简答题，其他文章为多项选择题，一般多项选择题每题2分，简答题每题2至4分。

由于《翻译硕士英语》由各招生单位自主命题，阅读部分的文章长度差别比较大，阅读量大的能达到4000多词（如四川大学），小的只有1500词左右（如对外经贸大学），大多数院校阅读量控制在2500词至3000词左右。

1.2 解题技巧指南1. 阅读理解常见考题分析阅读理解中，常见的考题主要有：主旨题、细节题、推断题和语义题等。

每种题型对考生的能力和知识考查的侧重点都有所不同。

下面就每一种题型及其解题思路进行分析讲解。

(1) 主旨题测试考生对整篇短文主要内容、中心大意的理解。

文章的主题思想就是作者通过文章所要表达的观点、感情和思想等。

主题思想往往是通过文章中各部分内容及其内在联系体现出来的，通常由一个或两个句子来表达，这类题目的解题关键在于文章的第一段和最后一段。

(2) 细节题细节题是阅读理解部分常见的题目类型，考查考生对文章中某个具体信息的理解。

◆人物传记类Practice 95（1）I had scarcely passed my twelfth birthday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations, through which for the next seven years I was destined to journey. These examinations were a great trial to me. The subjects which were dearest to the examiners were almost invariably those I fancied least. I would have liked to have been examined in history, poetry and writing essays. The examiners, on the other hand, were partial to Latin and mathematics. And their will prevailed. Moreover, the questions which they asked on both these subjects were almost invariably those to which I was unable to suggest a satisfactory answer. I should have liked to be asked to say what I knew. They always tried to ask what I did not know. When I would have willingly displayed my knowledge, they sought to expose my ignorance. This sort of treatment had only one result: I did not do well in examinations.This was especially true of my Entrance Examination to Harrow. （2）The Headmaster, Dr Weldon, however, took a broadminded（宽宏大量的）view of my Latin prose: he showed discernment in judging my general ability. This was the more remarkable, because I was found unable to answer a single question in the Latin paper. I wrote my name at the top of the page. I wrote down the number of the qu estion “I”. After much reflection I put a bracket round it thus “（I）”. Butthereafter I could not think of anything connected with it that was either relevant or true. Incidentally there arrived from nowhere in particular a blot and several smudges （污迹）. I gazed for two whole hours at this sad spectacle and then merciful ushers collected my piece of foolscap with all the others and carried it up to the Headmaster’s table. （3）It was from these slender indications of scholarship that Dr. Weldon drew the conclusion that I was worthy to pass into Harrow. It is very much to his credit. It showed that he was a man capable of looking beneath the surface of things: a man not dependent upon paper manifestations. I have always had the greatest regard for him.In consequence of his decision, I was in due course placed in the third, or lowest, division of the Fourth, or bottom, Form. （4）The names of the new boys were printed in the School List in alphabetical order; and as my correct name, Spencer-Churchill, began with an “S”, I gained no more advantage from the alphabet than from the wider sphere of letters. I was in fact only two from the bottom of the whole school; and these two; I regret to say, disappeared almost immediately through illness or some other cause.The Harrow custom of calling the roll is different from that of Eton. At Eton the boys stand in a cluster and lift their hats when their names are called. At Harrow they file（排成纵列行进）past a Master in the school yard and answer one by one. My position was therefore revealed in its somewhat invidious humility. （5）It was the year 1887, Lord Randolph Churchill had only just resigned his position as Leader of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer（财政大臣）,and he stilltowered in the forefront of politics. In sequence, large numbers of visitors of both sexes used to wait on the school steps, in order to see me march by; and I frequently heard the irreverent（无礼的）comment, “Why, he’s last of all!”【解析及译文】（1）【解析】本句中包含了“scarcely...when”的结构，表示“才…就”。

◆环保类中国作为负责任的发展中国家，高度重视环境保护和全球气候变化。

中国正在积极调整经济结构和能源结构，全面推进能源节约，重点预防和治理环境污染的突出问题，有效控制污染物排放，促进能源与环境协调发展。

中国加快转变经济发展方式，积极发挥能源节约和优化能源结构在减缓气候变化中的作用，努力降低化石能源消耗。

大力发展循环经济，促进资源的综合利用，提高能源利用效率，减少温室气体排放。

依靠科学技术进步，不断提高应对气候变化的能力，为保护地球环境作出积极贡献。

【参考译文】As a responsible developing country,China attaches great importance to environmental protection and prevention of global climate change.The country is actively adjusting its economic and energy structures,comprehensively advancing energy saving,emphatically preventing and controlling the pressing problems of environmental pollution,and effectively controlling emissions of pollutants to facilitate coordinated development between energy and the environment.China is expediting the transformation of its economic development mode,giving full play to the role of energy saving and optimization of energy structure in slowing climate change,and endeavoring to cut fossil energy consumption.It is vigorously developing a circular economy,fostering the comprehensive utilization of resources,enhancing the utilization efficiency of energy,reducing greenhouse gas emissions.It continuously improves the capability of addressing climate change with the aid of scientific and technological progress,thereby making positivecontributions to the environmental protection of the Earth.眼下，城市里单身贵族很时兴，很潇洒，但从环保角度看，这却不是好事。

◆文学类Practice 39How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. T o me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. the panorama of color and actionwhich fills the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere conveniences rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.If I were the president of a university I should establish a compulsory course in "How to Use Your Eyes". The professor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what passes unnoticed before them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties.Perhaps I can best illustrate by imagining what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say, for just three days. And while I am imagining, suppose you, too, set your mind to work on the problem of how you would use your own eyes if you had only three more days to see. If with the on-coming darkness of the third night you knew that the sun would never rise for you again, how would you spend those three precious intervening days? What would you most want to let your gaze rest upon?I, naturally, should want most to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness. You, too, would want to let your eyes rest on the things that have become dear to you so that you could take the memory of them with you into the night that loomed before you.If, by some miracle, I were granted three seeing days, to be followed by a relapse into darkness, I should divide the period into three parts.【参考译文】我独自一人，在林子里散步一小时之久而没有看到任何值得注意的东西，那怎么可能呢？我自己，一个不能看见东西的人，仅仅通过触觉，都发现许许多多令我有兴趣的东西。

2.2 文言文（Practice 6～Practice 21）Practice 6臣亮言：先帝创业未半，而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲敝，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣，不懈于内；忠志之士，忘身于外者：盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作奸犯科，及为忠善者，宜付有司，论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之治；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。

侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费依、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下：愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。

将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用之于昔日，先帝称之曰"能"，是以众议举宠为督：愚以为营中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和穆，优劣得所也。

亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也！侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞亮死节之臣也，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。

先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，谘臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。

后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间：尔来二十有一年矣。

先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。

受命以来，夙夜忧虑，恐付托不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。

今南方已定，甲兵已足，当奖帅三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都：此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。

至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、依、允等之任也。

愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵；若无兴复之言，则责攸之、依、允等之咎，以彰其慢。

陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。

臣不胜受恩感激！今当远离，临表涕泣，不知所云。

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台圣才电子书 英语专业考研基础英语改错高分特训500句＋100篇第3章短文改错高分特训100篇Directions:In this part,there is a passage with ten mistakes,one in each numberedline.You may have to add a word,cross out a word or change a word.Then mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided.If you cross out a word,put a slash (/)in the blank.◇人物记述类Practice 1Traditionally,the American farmers have always been independentand hard-working.In the eighteenth century farmers were quiteself-sufficient.The farm family grew and made almost nothing it1.______needed.The surplus crop would be sold in order to buy a few itemsin the local general stone.In 1860,because some of the farm population had moved to2.______the city,yet eight percent of the American population was still inthe country.In the late nineteen century,farm work and life were3.______not much changed from that they had been in old days.The farmer4.十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台圣才电子书______aroused at dawn or before and had much work to do,with his own5.______muscles like his chief source of power.He used axes,spades and6.______other complicated tools.In his house cooking was done in wood7.______burning stoves,and the kerosene lamp was the only improvementon the candle.The family’s recreation and social life chieflyconsisted a drive in the wagon to the nearby small town or village8.______to transact some business as well as to chat with neighbors who alsocome to townThe children attended a small elementary school (often of justone room)to that they had to walk every day,possibly for a few miles.9.______The school term was short so that the children could not help on the10.______farm.Although the whole family worked,and life was not easy,farmers as a class were self-reliant and independent.参考答案及解析1.【答案】nothing→everything【解析】属逻辑错误。

◆资源环境类Practice 83One of nature’s most dest ructive forces is the tornado, a violent windstorm that takes the shape of a rotating column of air. Tornadoes almost always occur in conjunction with severe thunderstorms that produce high winds, heavy rainfall and damaging hail. Though their cause is unknown, tornadoes are believed to be the result of the convergence of strong upward wind currents inside a storm with upper level winds above the storm; the greater the air contrast, the more violent the storm will be. The United States has more tornadoes, approximately 750 tornadoes reported each year, than any other country in the world because this is where arctic and tropical air masses most frequently converge.参考译文及解析【参考译文】自然界最具破坏性的力量之一是龙卷风，它是一种旋转的柱状强烈风暴。

龙卷风几乎总是与强烈的雷暴并列发生，雷暴能引发大风，暴雨和破坏性的冰雹。

虽然它们的起因尚未知晓，但人们认为龙卷风是由暴风雨中上升的强气流与暴风上方的风的会聚造成；气流对比越明显，龙卷风的威力也就越大。

第1章汉译英技巧指南英汉两种语言属不同语系，经过长期的历史演变构成了自己鲜明的特点。

因此，对比英汉两种语言的异同，从而掌握它们的特点，对做好英汉互译是十分重要的。

英汉翻译的翻译理论、方法和技巧都建立在英汉两种语言的对比上。

在具体介绍英汉翻译技巧之前，本部分将对英汉两种语言进行宏观上的对比，以助于译者掌握两种语言的特点，并在翻译时自觉运用这些特点，译出更符合目标语的译文。

一、英语重结构，汉语重语义英语造句常用各种形式和手段连接词、语、分句或从句，注重显性接应，注重句子形式，注重结构完整，注重以形显意。

句子以形寓意，以法摄神，因而严密规范，采用的是焦点句法。

与英语造句手段不同，汉语造句注重隐形连贯，注重逻辑事理顺序，注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，注重意念连贯，不求结构齐整。

句子以意役形，以神统法，因而流泻铺排，采用的是散点句法。

汉语很少用甚至不用形式连接手段，词语之间的关系常在不言之中，语法意义和逻辑关系常隐含在字里行间。

英译汉时，往往要先分析句子的结构、形式，才能确定句子的功能、意义；汉译英时，则要先分析句子的功能、意义，才能确定句子的结构、形式，这样才能使译文通顺、流畅。

二、英语是综合语，汉语是分析语英语是综合性语言，它主要通过本身的形态变化（如数、时、格等）来表达其语言意义。

如表示不同时态时，规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在动词原形后加-ed，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词都各有不同变化。

汉语是分析性语言，它的语法关系和句法关系主要不是通过词语本身来体现，而是通过虚词、词序等手段表示出来的。

比如，单看“工作”这个词，很难判断其词性，但如果说“努力工作（work hard），找工作（to find jobs）”，就很容易看出来了。

三、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心在表达多逻辑思维时，英语往往是判断或结论等在前，事实或描写等在后，即重心在前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论，即重心在后。

例如：The visit gives me the opportunity which I have long sought, to see for myself the achievement of the Chinese people.这次访问使我有机会亲眼看一看中国人民取得的成就，这是我向往已久的。

专八改错训练附讲解100篇============================导言：专八考试是全国范围内的英语专业八级考试，对于想要进一步提升自己英语水平和获取更高学历的人来说，是一个重要的里程碑。

本文将带领大家通过100篇改错训练，并附上详细讲解，帮助大家更好地备考专八。

1. "Their football team plays good."改正：Their football team plays well.解析：在英语中，用来描述动词的方式有两种，一种是用副词，一种是用形容词。

在这个例子中，我们应该用副词well来修饰动词play，而不是用形容词good。

所以正确的句子应该是"Their football team plays well."2. "I have went to the supermarket yesterday."改正：I went to the supermarket yesterday.解析：在英语中，过去时态需要使用动词的过去式形式。

所以在这个例子中，我们应该用went来表示过去式，而不是have went。

所以正确的句子应该是"I went to the supermarket yesterday."3. "She is very interesting to talk with."改正：She is very interesting to talk to.解析：在英语中，用来描述与某人交谈的方式通常是用介词to。

所以在这个例子中，我们应该用to来表示与她交谈的方式，而不是用with。

所以正确的句子应该是"She is very interesting to talk to."4. "The book is too easy, I can finish it in an hour."改正：The book is too easy; I can finish it in an hour.解析：在英语中，当两个句子有逻辑关系时，通常需要使用逗号或分号来连接。

最强专八改错总结(总11页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除改错主要考查：1.语法2.词汇的搭配与用法3.对篇章结构（句子间逻辑关系）八大类错误：1.短语搭配错误；2.易混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。

总结《华研·专八人文知识与改错》和《星火·专八改错满分突破60篇》两本练习册中近100篇改错题的，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。

（注意：带—>的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有正确错误之分）1.短语搭配错误（大部分为介词错误）carry/get with things –>carry/get on with thingsto let alone –> let alonein return to –> in return forthe need of –> the need for substitute A with B –> substitute A for Baccount 70% --> account for 70%under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/thatattitude on life –> attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed –> at a quick speedwith many respects –> in many respectsat the face of –> in the face(s) of considerations to… –> considerations for…become victims of … --> become victims to …ride in a train –> ride on a train the problems with thegovernment –> the problems forthe governmentresistive against –> resistive toresistance of –> resistance toembark sth –> embark on sthwith the belief that –> in thebelief thatat advance of sth –> in advanceof sthinterpret… to –> interpret… asin line to –> in line withto varing degrees –> in varingdegreestake pride of –> take pride inleap out to me –> leap out at meinject them lethal strains –>inject them with lethal strainscharge him with the same price–> charge him the same priceimbalance of A and B –>imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with them –> shartage of protein amongthemfortify sb for sth –> fortify sbagainst sth (加强…以抵御…)shed light to sth –> shed light onsthin proportion with –> inproportion topay for it with dollars –> pay forit in dollarsbe in liberty to –> be at libertytobegin at doing –> begin withdoingbe contrasted to –> becontrasted withcommit an offence to –> commitan offence againstmodern time –> modern timesability of (doing) sth –> ability in(doing) sthdefend sth against –> defend sthfromat the first place –> in the first placepay money in doing –> pay money for doingtake to do –> take t o doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词) yearn to –> yearn forat average –> on average identify oneself to –> identify oneself withbe successful on doing –> be successful at/in doingget one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋头做，认真做)the action of formation –> the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)approach to do … –> approach to doing …one contributor of –> one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goodson one’s 30s –> in one’s 30s balk to –> balk at (回避，绕过) differ A from B –> distinguish A from Bsuit to sb/sth –> suit for sb/sth vary by – vary withemphasis of – emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative – imaginaryadapt – adopt confirm – conformformer – formaldiary – dairypersonal – personnelbeside – besidesprincipal – principleintelligent – intelligibleconscious – conscientiousstationary – stationeryconsiderate – considerableaffect(影响) – effect(致使、达成)contact – contractmoral – moraleindustrious – industrialdesert – dessertrequire – acquire – inquirepresence – presentationsensible – sensitivetransformation – transmissionvalue – evaluatetense – tensionanything – somethingcooker – cookcomplexity(复杂性) –complex(合成体)insurance – assuranceprovide(提供) –provided/providing(假设，如果)perceive – conceiveeffective(有效的) –affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)(2)形近(形异)近义词latter – laterlate(迟的，已故的) – latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远) – further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的) – healthful(有益健康的)effective – efficientcontinual(连续的) –continuous(持续不断的)respectable – respectfulhistoric – historicalrise – arise – raise – arousesure – insure – ensure – assurein return to – in response toopposite – oppositionproducing – productivelonely – aloneacross – crossimpressed -- impressivepermit(n.通行证) – permissionrelating – relatedmemorizing – memorablenormal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) – norm(规范,行为标准)favorite – favorableacceptability – acceptanceeconomical – economicfew – littlea few – fewlittle – a littleinvent – discoverbefore – agoanother – otheragent(代理人) – agency(代理机构)reward(回馈) – award(奖赏) special – specific(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly – first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)hardly(几乎不) – hard(努力地) sure – surelylate – latelyclear(完全地、径直地) –clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地) – highly(程度高地、非常)close(接近地、紧密地) –closely(紧密地、严密地) most(最) – most(大部分)(4)反义词with – withoutpossible – impossible subjective – objectiveimport – export better – worseemployee – employeremployment – unemploymentmodifiable – unmodifiablenatural – unnaturaldiscernable – indiscernablelent – borrowedexclusive – inclusiveindependency – dependencywilling – unwillingnothing more than – nothingless thanagree – disagreerarely – frequently / oftenspecific – generalless – more (still more– still less)most – leastknown – unknownrespective – irrespective(irrespective of表示“不管…”)majority – minorityresult in – result fromfortunately -- unfortunatelypowerful – powerlesseasiness – uneasinessprofessional – amateuraware – unawareinclude – exclude(5) 名词单复数异义moral – morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”) – collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)manner(方法,方式) –manners(礼仪,礼节)saving – savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币) – species(种类)（species只有单数）mean(n.平均值) – means(方法)(6) 易混短语live with(同…一起生活,忍受) –live by(靠…过活)go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于)– go around(四处走动,绕道走)tend to – intend toin next week(以当下时间为基准点) – in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)spend… in doing sth –spend…on sthdie of(内部) – die from(外部)rather than – other thanhave sb do sth – have sth donetake on(从事，开始对付，呈现)– go on(继续)take place – take the place of consist in(在于) – consist of(包括)in all(总共) – after all(毕竟)in return(作为报答) – in turn(反过来，轮流)one reason for +短语– one reason why +句子bring out(使显露，使显现) –bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)be worth doing – be worthwhile to doreact to(对…作出反应) – react with(以…作出反应) apply… to(将…应用于) – apply for(请求，申请)3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore –nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)and – but / whileor – andbut – becausemoreover – howeverafter – beforesince – althoughthere is no…–there is also…that – iffrom now on – from then onall – none besides – yetif – unlessbesides – excepttherefore – becauseso – becauseso does he… – neither/nor doeshe…that’s why +结果–that’sbecause +原因as if – even ifwhether – if4.代词错误（一致错误）their – itsthat – those (需要特别注意)which – that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which – whatit – itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/this – it (只有it可作形式主语)his –one’s (泛指时用one)you – yourselfit – theythis – suchXX is less sophisticated thanwhat they are today – XX is lesssophisticated than they aretoday5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side –> on eithersidein the Europe –> inEuropein the winter –> in winter (季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of arecent book – Kaufman, authorof a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take the issue –> take issue(对…持异议，不同意)(2)定冠词缺漏among most –> among the mostone of first –> one of the firstatmosphere –> theatmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator,the Outerspace）between us and rest –> betweenus and the restin minority –> in the minorityaround floor –> around the floorpiano –> the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language –> the Englishlanguageat heart of –> at the heart ofworld –> the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run –> in the long run(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)注意以下短语的区别in church – in the churchat college – at the collegein court – in the courtin hospital – in the hospitalin office – in the officein prison – in the prisonat sea – at the seain school – in the schoolat table – at the table6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently –> currentbe well equipped as –> be as well equipped asheavy industrialized –> heavily-industrializedspread colossal –> spread colossallysimilar strong –> similarly strongkeep the number constantly at X a year –> keep number constant at X a yearfeel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwarted comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion (quakes) start deeply in theearth –> start deep in the earthin the passed 5 years –> in thepast 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes –>culturally embedded attitudesas much as –> as often asfrom one meter afar –> fromone meter awayincreasing –> increasinglysimple –> simplypure –> purelymuch –> manymany –> morelarge –> largerearly –> earlier7.成分残缺多余(单复数)a world which I could get… –> aworld in which I could get…shows –> that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that –> take itfor grated that1980 –1980sone of the most glaring form –>one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in theirinterest –> their jobs engagetheir interest (engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complain about sth –> complainsthwork sth –> work out sthbelieve in –believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰…”)point sth –> point out sth20 percents –> 20 percenteyes contact –> eye contactseven – sevenththe process which it function –>the process by which it functioncommunication service –>communication s service (通信服务、通讯服务)average incomes –> averageincome (income为不可数名词)the like of –> the likes of(诸如此类的)be referred to XX –> be referredto as XXbe viewed as work of are –> beviewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)8.时态或语态错误went – goagreeing – agreedconsisted – consistingbored – boringfavoring – favoredif she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)involves – involvingwill – would (虚拟语气中) delaying – delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)assure – assures (第三人称单数) have – has (要看清句子真正的主语)developing – developed confronting – confrontedthe least understanding –> the least understoodwhat the have told – what they have been toldif circumstances become favorable – if circumstances should become favorable一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。

2.2　篇章选词填空（Passage 51～Passage 70）Directions:Choose one appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the blanks in the passage below. Change the word form wherenecessary. Remember the list contains some extra words that may notbe used in filling in any of the blanks.◆科普科研类Keeping a full social calendar may help protect you from dementia(痴呆症), researchers said on Monday. (1)active people who were not easily stressed had a 50 percent lower risk of developing dementia compared with men and women who were (2) and prone to distress, they reported in the journal Neurology. “In the past, studies have shown that long-term distress can (3) parts of the brain, possibly leading to dementia,” Hui-Xin Wang of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, who led the study, said in a (4) .“But our findings suggest that having a calm and (5) personality in combination with a socially active lifestyle may decrease the risk of developing dementia even further.”An estimated 24 million people worldwide have the memory loss, problems with direction and other (6) that signal Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia.Researchers believe the number of people with dementia may increase by four times by 2040, (7) the importance of better understanding the condition.The Swedish study involved 506 elderly people who did not have dementia when first examined. The volunteers were given questionnaires about their personality traits and lifestyles and then (8) for six years.Over that time, 144 people developed dementia with more socially active and less stressed men and women 50 percent less likely to be (9) with the condition.“The good news is, lifestyle factors can be modified as opposed to genetic factors which cannot be controlled,” Wang said. “But these are early results, so how exactly (10)attitude influences risk for dementia is not clear.”1. Socially(该处应填入修饰active的副词。

第1章词汇语法技巧指南对于绝大多数报考英语专业的考生而言，“基础英语”是全国各院校英语专业研究生入学考试必考的科目。

一般来说，报考英语专业研究生的考核科目为：政治（分值100分）、第二外语（分值100分）、基础英语（分值150分）以及专业课（包括英美文学、语言学与应用语言学、翻译理论及实践等）（分值150分）。

需要说明的是，有些院校对此科目的考试名称有所不同：例如北京大学称之为“专业能力”，上海外国语大学称之为“英语综合”，北京外国语大学称之为“英语基础测试（技能）”，上海交通大学、广东外语外贸大学等称之为“英语水平考试”，四川大学称之为“英语专业基础”，山东大学称之为“实践英语”。

上述院校的科目名称和大多数院校所用的“基础英语”名称虽有差别，但实质是一样的，都是由各学校自主命题、考核英语专业考生基本功底的考试科目。

1.1考核要求和出题形式1．基础英语词汇语法部分考核要求对于“基础英语”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。

但国内大部分院校在命题时都会把1999年教育部批准实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》作为指导标准，因此，这个大纲仍能反映目前高校对英语专业学生基本功的大体要求。

其对词汇语法部分的要求如下：语法方面，较好地掌握句子之间和段落之间的衔接手段如照应、省略、替代等。

熟练地使用各种衔接手段，连贯地表达思想。

词汇方面，通过基础英语课、阅读课和其他途径认知词汇达10000-12000个；且能正确而熟练地使用其中的5000-6000个及其最常用的搭配。

2．试题类型和出题形式（1）词汇题词汇题的考核内容较为广泛，包括对名词、形容词、动词、冠词等多种词性、各种短语及固定搭配结构的判断和理解，其中包括对同义词、近义词、反义词的辨认与区分等；根据上下文对词和词组意义的判断等。

出题形式主要有以下几种：①题目为一个留有空白的英文句子，要求考生从所给的四个选项选出最恰当的词或词组。

英语专业考研基础英语阅读理解高分特训100篇第1章阅读理解技巧指南对于绝大多数报考英语专业的考生而言，“基础英语”是全国各院校英语专业研究生入学考试必考的科目。

一般来说，报考英语专业研究生的考核科目为：政治（分值100分）、第二外语（分值100分）、基础英语（分值150分）以及专业课（包括英美文学、语言学与应用语言学、翻译理论及实践等）（分值150分）。

需要说明的是，有些院校对此科目的考试名称有所不同：例如北京大学称之为“专业能力”，上海外国语大学称之为“英语综合”，北京外国语大学称之为“英语基础测试（技能）”，上海交通大学、广东外语外贸大学等称之为“英语水平考试”，四川大学称之为“英语专业基础”，山东大学称之为“实践英语”。

上述院校的科目名称和大多数院校所用的“基础英语”名称虽有差别，但实质是一样的，都是由各学校自主命题、考核英语专业考生基本功底的考试科目。

1.1考核要求和出题形式1．基础英语阅读理解部分考核要求对于“基础英语”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。

但国内大部分院校在命题时都会把1999年教育部批准实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》作为指导标准，因此，这个大纲仍能反映目前高校对英语专业学生基本功的大体要求。

其对阅读理解部分的要求如下：阅读方面，能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品；能分析上述题材文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。

能在5分钟内速读1600词左右的文章，掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。

2．试题类型和出题形式阅读理解题考查的范围很大，其考核的内容主要包括：能理解所读材料的主旨大意，分辨出其中的事实和细节；能理解字面意义和隐含意义；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；能分析所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。

具体的出题形式有以下几种：①要求考生阅读若干篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题。

人物故事类Cloze1Last spring,I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.In my application letter,I was careful to1how much I wanted to see France;evidently,my excitement really came through in my words.Once I2that I was going,all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and3friends.While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was4,nothing about my term in France was what I5.The moment I arrived in Paris,I was6by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.My entire experience was joyous and exciting7I received some shocking news from my program coordinator:there had been a death in my host parents’extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks.That afternoon,I had to8out of one family’s house into another.The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a9this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker.To avoid the temptation to10 my native language,I asked not to be11with an English-speaking roommate.When I got to my new room,I12myself to my new roommate Paolo,a Brazilian the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs!In just a few hours,we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the13.I left France with many14,so when people asked me what my favorite part of the trip was,they are always15to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and scores of weekdays in class,weeknights on the town,and weekends16France we enjoyed together.I love how people17seem so different,but end up being so18.The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people19to respect all people,for your next best friend could be just a continent away.I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful 20.1.A discuss B.express C.announce D.argue2.A approved B.knew C.warned D.denied3.A stubborn B.anxious C.universal D.interesting4.A.boring B.upsetting C.exiting D.promising5.A.expected B.liked C.doubted D.feared6.A.sponsored B.witnessed C.greeted D.supported7.A.until B.when C.since D.while8.A.move B.travel C.walk D.rush9.A.housekeeper B.leader C.roommate D.colleague10.A.learn B.appreciate C.speak D.masterbined B.fitted C.involved D.placed12.A.added B.introduced C.devoted D.adapted13.A.term B.week C.month D.vacation14.A.presents B.suitcase C.stories D.dreams15.A.surprised B.disturbed C.embarrassed D.connected16.A.studying B.exploring C.describing D.investigating18.A.generous B.independent C.similar D.distant19.A.and B.but C.or D.so20.A.instructions B.friendships C.facts D.data文章大意本文是一篇记叙文。

大学英语专八考试改错基础训练大学英语专八考试改错基础训练A happy heart makes a blooming visage.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的.大学英语专八考试改错基础训练，希望能给大家带来帮助!The second most important constituent of the biosphere is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures,since water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. This is only a tiny range compared with the low temperatures of some other planets and the hot interior of the earth, let the temperature __1__of the sun.As we know, life would only be possible on the face of a __2__planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. __3__The earth’s supply of water probably remains quite fairly constant __4__in quantity. A certain number of hydrogen atoms, which are one of the main constituents of water, are lost by escaping from the atmosphere to out space, but they are probably just __5__about to be replaced by new water rising away from the depths of the __6__earth during volcanic action. The total quantity of water is not known, and it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe __7__to a depth of about two and three-quarter kms. Most of it—97%is in the form of the salt waters of the oceans. The rest is fresh, but three quarter of this is in the form of ice at the Poles __8__and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems when __9__melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat fewer __10__than 1%of the whole, there is 10-20 times as muchstored as underground water as is actually on the surface. There is also a minor,but extremely important, fraction of the water supplywhich is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.答案：1.Let ^the 加入alone. Let alone 意为“更不用说”，表示一种让步关系。