非谓语动词v-ed_form

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非谓语动词中V-ed的使用

A verb-ed can be part of a compound with an adv. or n. before it. 1.This is a China knot that is made by hand. This is a ____________ handmade China knot.
Grammar
Verb-ed form
1.It is an interesting book.
Attributive 2.The book is interesting.
Predicative
3.He heard her singing in the classroom. Object Complement
conclusion
过去分词做宾语补足语表示(1)与宾语的逻辑动宾关系.如句1, 句2 . (2)v-ed 作为形容词表示宾语的状态．如句３．
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of each verb
1.He was very happy to see his mother taken ________(take ) good care of at home. changed 2.I found the city greatly __________ (change). 3.He was made _________(know )ay his novel. 4.The thief was seen ________(catch) by caught the policeman. 5.I saw him ________(seat) behind the tree, seated thinking.

v-ed用法

动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种，它具有动词的一些特点，同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能，在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。

一、动词的-ed形式的特征A．动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成动词的-ed形式只有一种形式，即传统语法中的过去分词。

绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。

1．规则动词的-ed形式limit→limited（限制）pretend→pretended（假装）escape→escaped（逃脱）provide→provided（提供）refer→referred（提交）drag→dragged（拖）pray→prayed（祈祷）supply→supplied（供应）2．不规则动词的-ed形式cast→cast（投掷）spread→spread（传播）bite→bitten（咬）forgive→forgiven（原谅）spit→spat（吐）wear→worn（穿）fight→fought（搏斗）lose→lost（丢失）3．少数动词的-ed形式作定语时，读音与一般过去分词不同learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授aged an aged man 老人beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机B．动词的-ed形式的否定形式动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。

Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去，他只好在外面等着。

Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会，她很生气。

C．动词的-ed形式的特征动词的-ed形式有被动的意思，有时也可表示完成的动作。

1．动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。

非谓语动词作定语和状语

A A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
3). The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded D. being recorded
C Figure” award, a title _____ to ordinary
people for their contributions to
environmental protection.
A. being given B. is given
C. given
D. was given
不定式（to do)
②The question _b_e_i_n_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e(ddiscuss) at the
meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question __t_o_b_e__d_i_s_cu__s_se_d(discuss) at the
meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. have been bought D. buying
解析：此题学生最易错选的答案为Ａ或Ｃ。依据上面陈述，填入Ａ或Ｃ句子都有两个谓语动词，而此处两个动词并非并列谓语，也不是分别出现在主从句中，故答案有误。该题正确答案为Ｂ， bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后置定语，句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的，因为这一动作出现在从句中。

非谓语动词v-ed

9. __B_ a white sweater, she looks much more beautiful.
A. Dressing
B. wearing
C. Dressed
D. Having dressed
10. _D__, the little boy is living a happy life.
8. The manager was satisfied to see many new products __d_e_v_el_o_p_e_d_ (develop) after great effort. 9. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse a_p_p__o_in_t_e_d(appoint) to guard her.
2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat …
3. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.
单个的V-ed作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前， V-ed短语作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句。
Sentences from this unit:
1. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.
过去分词（短语）作状语

高中英语非谓语动词专项练习题(精品课件)

A. to train properly B. being trained properly
C. properly to train D. trained properly
❖_____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
A. Having stolen B. Having been stolen
❖A. handling B. to handle
❖ C. handled D. having handled
❖ 18._____in music, according to the analysis of some traffic cases, is the main cause of many traffic accident.
A.measured ; weighed B. measuring; weighing
C. measured; weighing D. measuring; weighed
❖14.The newly-built café, the walls of _____ painted light blue, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. killing; to have been hit
B. killed; to have been hit
C. killed; to be hit
D. killing; to have hit
❖ 8.With the fight against the intellectual property theft ______, more and more people find that authentic CDs and DVDs deserve ______.

现在分词与过去分词

？
The differences of their characteristics:
V-ing Forms: active or continuous (表主动或正在进行）
V-ed Forms: passive or done （表被动或已完成）
Vt.
vi.
Beating his husband,
II. 用适当的非谓语动词形式填空 1. She caught the student cheating _______ (cheat) in exams. repairing (repair) farm tools. 2. When I got there, I found him _________ 3. When I got there, I found the farm tools repaired _______. (repair) calling (call) for help. 4. Just then he heard someone _______ raised (raise) 5. He worked so hard that he got his pay ______. playing 6. The missing boys were last seen _______(play) near the river. Compared 7. ___________(compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful. running 8. The workers had the machines _______(run) all night long to finish the work on time. made 9. People in the south have their houses ______ (make) of bamboo. Lost 10. _______(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

非谓语动词包括v-ing形式讲解

不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
He had no money and no place to live (in). 他没钱，也没有安居之所。
(2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作
的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，
但其含义有所不同。试比较： Have you got anything to send？你有什么东西要寄吗？ (不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”) Have you got anything to be sent？
(2)不定式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致。
To learn English well，he needs a good dictionary. 为了学好英语，他需要一本好词典。(而不能说：To learn English well，a good dictionary is needed.)
(2009· 天津高考)
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the
Olympic Games. 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。
③用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有： ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，
the project in time，the staff
were working at weekends. pleting C.To have completed 选 B.Having completed D.To complete
句意：为了使项目及时完工，全体员工周
末都在加班。不定式一般式作目的状语。故选D。
The book is difficult to understand.这本书难于理解。

非谓语动词v-ingform

整理ppt
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2. The people sitting behind us are all teachers. =The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers. 3. The expert coming from America is a lady called Ms Cai. =The expert who comes from America is a lady called Ms Cai.
= a man who is walking
(2) a walking stick
= a stick for walking
What’s the difference between
(1) and (2)?
整理ppt
6
小结1
-ing形式作定语既可表示动作正在进行且与逻辑主语之间是主动关系（如例（1）），此时相当于一个定语从句；又可表示所修饰名词的性质或用途（如例（2））。
整理ppt
14
小结1
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语放
在宾语后面，表示一个正在
进行的主动性的动作，强调
一个过程或一种状态。
整理ppt
15
能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些：
make, let, have, keep, leave, look at,
see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。
（3）done作定语------ 被动，动作已完成
（4）to do作定语------ 将来要发生的动作
（5）having done--不- 能作定语，用定语从句代替

非谓语动词-ing分词

The V-ing Participle & Absolute Structure
(一)
1. Supposing (that)…… , 2. Considering (that)…… , 3. Generally speaking, …… 4. Talking ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱf …… ，假设…… ，考虑到…… ，总体而言…… ，谈到…… ，
School of Foreign Studies
V-ing Form
1. Grammatical function-(Noun)

Used as Subject(主), Predictive(表), Attributive(定), and Object(宾), etc. Smoking is a terrible habit. (S) The advertising of products and services is big business. He doesn’t like my singing. (O) We are tired from working all day. (O) Where is the publishing house. (A)
With 复合结构与独立主格结构
1. （With ）The president murdered, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 2. （With ）A lot of homework to do, he has to stay up . 3. I slept Last night (with) the door open. 4. Students left class room (with) the light on. 5. My English teacher came into the classroom (with) a book in his hand. 6. She fell asleep (with) the fire still burning.

英语中非谓语动词

4 would just as soon do sth. as do…（宁愿…也不愿 …） 5 may /might (just) as well do… （还是…好;还不如…;不妨…） 6 can not but do… (不能不；不得不)
7 cannot choose but （只得） 8 cannot help but （不得不） cannot help + doing 9 can but = can only （只得，充其量不过）eg
Form Usage Omission of “ to”
to do(not to do) to be doing to have done to have been doing
to be done to have been done
一般式（否定）进行式主动完成式完成进行式
一般式被动完成式
I would just as soon stay as go with him. We may as well begin at once. You may as well tell the truth. We might just as well stay at home.
I can not but admire his courage. I cannot but laugh. I cannot choose but stay. I cannot help but grieve.
﹡一般式：
不定式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或者在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。
1. I’m glad to see you. (同时发生) 2. They invited us to come to a party. （不定式动作后发生） 3. The computer to be produced is of a new type. (被动) 4.You must promise never to do that again.

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3. v-ed形式与其他非谓语动词作定语时区别：
eg: a broken cup ; some singing ces of daily goods ____ through a B computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
注意:
如果被修饰的词是复合不定代词或指示代词 those等时，即使是一个单一的分词作定语也要放在被修饰的词之后。 eg: There was nobody invited here.
2. v-ed作定语与定语从句的互换:Ex:书P14/3 (1) 若是vt.的过去分词作定语表示已经完成的动作，且含有被动意义，可改成v.用被动形式的定语从句。 eg: The letter posted today will reach you in a week. = The letter which was posted today will...
5. Ex:书P13/1
三、作宾补 (Object Complement)
v-ed作宾补，表示被动意义或已完成意义，或两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的被动关系。
v-ed作宾补的几大类型的v. :
1. 在make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词后面作宾补： eg: Please keep us informed of the latest news.
(2) 若是vi.的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成，不表被动，可改成v.用完成时态的定语从句。 eg: a retired teacher = a teacher who has retired eg: the fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallen
Exercise:
1. We found the trees _______(plant) already. planted planting We found many people _______ trees there. 2. Mrs. White found her husband _____ by letters and papers and _____ very worried. A. surrounding; looking B. surrounded; looked C. surrounding; looked D. surrounded; looking
3. 在would like, want, like, wish, order, expect, request等表示“希望，想要、要求”的v.后面作宾补： eg: The boss wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment. eg: We wished the problem settled at once. 4. 在介词with/ without + n./ pron. + v-ed结构中。宾语宾补
(5) 作让步状语，有时可以与although, though, even if, even though等连用 eg: Much tired, my parents still kept on working.= Although they were much tired, my parents still kept on working. eg: Though beaten by them, we were not discouraged.= eg: Though we were beaten by them, we were not discouraged.
____ only to people with specific knowledge. D A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
4. When I got back, I saw a message ____ to the door____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. pin, read C. pinned, reading B. pinning, reading D. pinned, read
2. With a lot of different problems ____, C the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases
注意比较：
3. 过去分词v-ed和v-ing作表语的区别：
过去分词v-ed: 表主语(人)所处的心理状态，个人的感受. “(人)感到...” 现在分词v-ing: 表主语(物或人)所具有的特征. “(物或人)令人...” eg: surprised/ surprising; encouraged/ encouraging; moved/ moving... Ex:书P14/5，P91/1
Grammar
The Past Participle
Explanation
1. 过去分词具有动词的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，可以拥有自己的逻辑主语，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
2. v-ed表示动作已经完成或被动意义
eg: fallen leaves 落叶(已落下的叶子) eg: I heard the door closed. 我听见门被关上了。 3. 否定式：not + v-ed eg: He escaped, not seen by anyone.
2. v-ed作表语时，与系动词一起构成的系表结构与普通的被动语态在形式上相似。
注意区别：
系表结构中的v-ed表示：主语所处的状态被动语态中的v-ed表示：一个被动的动作 eg: The cup is broken. 系表结构表状态 The cup was broken by Tom. 被动语态表动作
(3) 表示通常意义的“有”。 eg: We had a lot of books left in the classroom.
2. 在see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think 等感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面作宾补： eg: I saw the thief caught by the policeman. eg: We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.
(宾语和宾补之间有被动关系)
eg: The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. eg: They left without a plate untouched. 他们走了，没有一盘菜没动过。
注意： with/ without + n./ pron. + v-ed这一
结构在整句话中是作状语的，表原因，结果，方式或伴随情况。
注意比较：
v-ed, v-ing和to do作宾补的不同：
v. + 宾 + v-ed: 表动作已完成，与宾语之间是被动关系。 v. + 宾 + v-ing: 表动作正在进行或持续动作，与宾语之间是主动关系。 v. + 宾 + (to) do:表动作将要发生或表动作全过程，与宾语之间是主动关系。
eg: I have had my bike repaired.
(2) 表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击”， v-ed动作的执行者不是句子的主语，而是主语受到这种动作的影响。 eg: The museum had everything robbed of in the war. eg: The old man had his leg broken in the accident.
注意：分词的完成式一般不作定语，若要
表达完成意义常用定语从句。
我们一般不说 The girl having won the race is my friend. 而常说：The girl who has won the race is my friend.
注意比较：
（1）doing作定语------ 主动，动作正在进行（2）being done作定语------被动，动作正在进行（3）done作定语------ 被动，动作已完成（4）to do作定语------ 将来要发生的动作（5）having done--不能作定语，用定语从句代替
二、作定语 (attribute)
1. 前置定语：单个的v-ed作定语，一般放在被修饰的n.之前；Ex:书P14/2 后置定语：v-ed短语作定语时，常被放在被修饰的n.之后，相当于一个定语从句。 eg: an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 eg: The injured bird lay on the ground. eg: a letter written in blue ink eg: The boy named Tom is my brother.
请随时把最新消息告诉我们。
eg: When you speak, you have to make yourself understood. 说话时要让人听得懂。
注意：在have + n./ pron. + 过去分词，即
have sth. done这一结构中，have通常有三种意义。 (1) 表示“让某人做某事”，v-ed动作的执行者通常不是句子的主语。 eg: I usually have my clothes washed on Sundays, but I don’t wash my clothes myself.