外研社课文文本选修六module6warandpeace

Module 6 War and PeaceThe D-Day Landings – Passage 1In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland. The war, which lasted until 1945, is known as the Second World War. During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France. He most important battle of the war in Europe was Operation Overlord, the military operation in 1944 to invade France.Operation Overlord started when boats full of soldiers landed on the beaches of Normandy in France, known as the D-Day landings. More than 5,000 ships crossed the English Channel, carrying 130,000 troops to the French coast.Troops from the United States, Britain and Canada took part in the D-Day landings. The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats. American soldiers attempted to land at the most dangerous place, known as Omaha Beach.The situation at Omaha Beach was so bad that the US army commanders thought about abandoning the invasion. Eventually, the soldiers made a breakthrough and the D-Day landings were successful. It was the beginning of the end of the Second World War.Operation Overlord started as a story of danger and confusion and endedas a story of bravery and acts of heroism.The D-Day Landings – Passage 2The soldiers of Able Company crossed the English Channel in seven boats early on the morning of 6 June 1944. when they were about 5 kilometres from the beach, the Germans started firing artillery shells at them but the boats were too far away. The Germans continued firing and Boat 5 was hit one kilometer from the beach. Six men drowned before help arrived. Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. As a result, they missed the fighting on the beach. Six men drowned before help arrived. Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. As a result, they missed the fighting on the beach. They were lucky. If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed.When Boat 3 was a few metres form the beach, the soldiers jumped out, but the water was so deep that some of them disappeared under the water. Many of the men were either killed or wounded by machine gun fire.The soldiers on Boat 1 and Boat 4 jumped into the water, but it was too deep and most of them drowned. Half an hour after the first attack, two thirds of the company (a company is a group of about 100 soldiers) were dead. The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.After an hour and forty-five minutes, six of the survivors tried to climb up the cliff to get off the beach. Four were too exhausted to reach the top. The other two, Private Jake Shefer and Private Thomas Lovejoy, joined a group from another company and fought with them. Two men. Two rifles. This was Able Company’s contribution to D-Day.The D-Day Landings – Passage 3On 6 June 2004, survivors of the D-Day landings from many different countries returned to France to remember their lost comrades. Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial which overlooks Omaha Beach.The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from where the boats attempted their landing. The cemetery contains the graves of 9,386 Americans who died during the landings. The memorial also contains the names of more than 1,500 men who were never found.On the memorial, there is part of a poem called “For the Fallen”, which was written by an English poet, Lawrence Binyon:They shall not grow old, as we that are left grow old. Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning we will remember them.The poem was first published in The Times newspaper on 14 September 1914 and can be seen on war memorials in many parts of the world.Saving Private Ryan (1998)A review by Jenny Carter, aged 15Saving Private Ryan is a film which was directed by Steven Spielberg. The two main characters are Captain John Miller, played by Tom Hanks, and Private James Ryan, played by Matt Damon.James Ryan is the fourth brother to be involved in the Second World War. His three brothers have already been killed, two of them in the D-Day landings in Normandy, the other in a battle in another part of the world. Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day. The US army decides to send a group of men into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother. Captain Miller, a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle, is chosen to lead the rescue team of eight men.The film opens with a 30-minute sequence of the invasion of Normandy, probably the most violent images of war ever shown in a film. We see the full horror of war, and the chaos and senseless waste of life.Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a storyof courage and sacrifice. Spielberg has made a lot of good films, but he has never made one with such a strong message. And the message is simple – we want peace; we don’t want war.D-Day + 2To our astonishment, just two days after we had received our confidential orders to join the D-Day landing troops, and after a day fighting and seeing many of my friends killed by the enemy, we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France. It was so sudden, after the mess and confusion of war on the beach.It was late afternoon, and the sun was setting on a perfect country scene of farm buildings, a main street, a few shops, a garage and a church. But we hesitated because we were aware that there might still have been enemy soldiers. Our lieutenant told Private Kowalski and me to advance and check the village. As we entered the main street, a young woman on a tractor drove out of the garage, saw us and called out something in French. Immediately five men came out of the bar, and two more from a farmyard, holding guns. I took off my helmet and yelled, “American! Put your guns down!” they gathered round us, shouting and shaking our hands, some women appeared and kissed us.We soon understood that the enemy had abandoned the village, so Kowalskiwent back to the others to let them know it was safe. I walked into a barbershop and stroked my chin, to show I needed to shave. The barber had a magnificent moustache, which he used wax to keep in shape. He filled a tin with cold water, and took out a razor from a drawer. He used a leather sharpener on the razor, and then gave me the best shave I had had in years. Finally he picked up a pair of scissors and a comb, and cut my hair.When the rest of our company arrived, they unloaded their baggage and bedding while the villagers brought out some jars of wine, and laid a table in the middle of the street, which they then covered with plates of potatoes and carrots, ham and sausages. Someone shouted “Cheers!” in English and we all drank to liberation and to the French constitution. Some of our boys had never tasted wine before, and spat it out, thinking it was vinegar.We gave stockings to the women, which they loved, and in return, they gave us perfume for our girlfriends. I was too ashamed to admit that I was too young to have a girlfriend. But the villagers treated us like heroes, and for a brief moment, I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile. But I also remembered my fiends who had died earlier that day, and wondered if they would have agreed.Winston Churchill’s SpeechesWinston Churchill is well-known as a statesman, politician and as the British Prime Minister during most of the Second World War. He is especially famous for his speeches which many believe made people even more determined to defeat the enemy. Many of these speeches contained lines which are remembered even today.Churchill made one of his greatest speeches in 1940, when he was invited to become Prime Minister of Britain, and the leader of a new government. The country had been at war for over eight months, and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war. So on 13 May 1940 he promised the House of Commons: “I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the Government, ‘I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.’”A month later, the Germany army had advanced across northern Europe, and the British Army had retreated to the coast of the English Channel. The only escape was to cross the sea back to England. Hundreds of small boats set out from ports on the English coast to bring back the soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk in France. But Churchill encouraged people that this was only a tempor ary defeat in a speech which included the words, “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets. We shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.” On 18 June 1940, Churchill gave another fine speech when he drew attentionto the courage of everyone defending Britain. “In years to come,” he said, “…men will say, ‘This was their finest hour.’”The Germans continued their attacks on Britain from the air. A small number of pilots resisted the much larger German Air Force. Germany lost many airplanes, and was forced to change their strategy. Britain was no longer threatened by an early invasion, and on 20 August 1940, he said, “Never in the filed of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.”In two years, Germany began to lose some important battles. After a defeat in North Africa, on 10 November 1942 he made a speech with the famous words, “Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But is is, perhaps, the end of the beginning.”Many people believe that Churchill’s leadership inspired people to remain brave in the face of Nazi Germany. His speeches are still remembered and quoted today, and remain some of the finest examples of spoken English.How the United Nations Tries to Keep the PeaceIf you see soldiers wearing sky-blue helmets, they are United Nations peacekeepers. The idea of UN peacekeepers began more than 60 years ago. They were the idea of Canadian Foreign Minister Lester Pearson, who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work.The first UN peacekeepers were sent to the Middle East in 1948. They only went to see what was happening, and were not armed. The first armed UN peacekeepers were sent to the Middle East in 1957 when there was a disagreement between the British and Egyptian governments about the Suez Canal.Since then, there have been more than 50 UN peacekeeping operations, many of them since the year 2000. In 2003, there were fifteen, involving nearly 37,000 personnel (soldiers and civilians).UN peacekeepers have included soldiers and other personnel from more than 120 countries. Since 2000, most of the personnel have come from Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and Ghana. There have also been soldiers from China, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Canada, Ireland, Italy and Australia. During the 1990s, eastern European countries such as Poland and the Czech Republic also sent personnel.There have been many UN peacekeeping successes, but also some failures. The UN couldn’t stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995, despite warnings of the dangers from nearby states.。

Module 6 War and PeaceIntroductionRead the quotations about war and peace and answer the questions.A good soldier is not violent.A good fighter is not angry.A good winner is not vengeful.Laozi,Chinese philosopherThere has never been a good war or a bad peace.Benjamin Franklin,American scientistWar does not tell us who is right —only who is left.Bertrand Russell,British philosopherYou cannot prevent and prepare for war at the same time.Albert Einstein,German-born American theoretical physicistpeace.John Lennon,British musicianozi: What do vengeful winners do?2.Benjamin Franklin: Do you agree that there cannot be a good war?3.Bertrand Russell: Explain the meanings of the words right and leftin this quotation.o right:a.on the right sideb.h olding the right beliefso left:a.on the left sideb.s till alive4.Albert Einstein: What can governments do to prevent war?5.John Lennon: What does it mean if people demand peace?a.They want peace.b.They don't want peace.Answer the questions about a war in the twentieth century.1. There was a war that took place between 1939 and 1945. What is thename of this war?the Second World Warthe Great War2. When the war began, which countries were involved?the United States and JapanBritain and Germany3. The war began when a country was invaded. Which country wasinvaded?FrancePolandVocabulary and ReadingLook at the photo and the map and answer the questions.1.What kind of people can you see in the photo?2.Where on the map do you think the photo was taken?3.What are the people in the photo doing?Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. abandon; attempt; danger; kill1.British and American troops_____ to land in France.2.These landings were very _____.3.Many troops were _____during the landings.4.At one point, military commanders thought about _____theoperation.Read the meanings of some of the words and expressions in the passage you are going to read.1.declare war on: to tell another country that you are going to start awar with themitary operation: a planned activity during a war3.make a breakthrough: to be successful4.drown: to die in water5.survivors: people who are not killed in an accidentRead the three passages about the D-Day landings and answer the questions. The D-Day Landing—Passage 1In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland. The war, which lasted until 1945, is known as the Second World War. During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France. The most important battle of the war in Europe was Operation Overlord, the military operation in 1944 to invade France.Operation Overlord started when boats full of soldiers landed on the beaches of Normandy in France, known as the D-Day landings. More than 5,000 ships crossed the English Channel, carrying 130,000 troops to the French coast. Troops from the United States, Britain and Canada took part in the D-Day landings. The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats. American soldiers attempted to land at the most dangerous place, known as Omaha Beach.The situation at Omaha Beach was so bad that the US army commanders thought about abandoning the invasion. Eventually, the soldiers made a breakthrough and the D-Day landings were successful. It was the beginning of the end of the Second World War.Operation Overlord started as a story of danger and confusion and ended as a story of bravery and acts of heroism.The D-Day Landings—Passage 2The soldiers of Able Company crossed the English Channel in seven boats early on the morning of 6 June 1944. When they were about 5 kilometresfrom the beach, the Germans started firing artillery shells at them but the boats were too far away. The Germans continued firing and Boat 5 was hit one kilometre from the beach. Six men drowned before help arrived. Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. As a result, they missed the fighting on the beach. They were lucky. If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed.When Boat 3 was a few metres from the beach, the soldiers jumped out, but the water was so deep that some of them disappeared under the water. Many of the men were either killed or wounded by machine gun fire.The soldiers on Boat 1 and Boat 4 jumped into the water, but it was too deep and most of them drowned. Half an hour after the first attack, two thirds of the company(a company is a group of about 100 soldiers) were dead. The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.After an hour and forty-five minutes, six of the survivors tried to climb up the cliff to get off the beach. Four were too exhausted to reach the top. The other two, Private Jake Shefer and Private Thomas Lovejoy, joined a group from another company and fought with them. Two men. Two rifles. This was Able Company's contribution to D-Day.The D-Day Landings—Passage 3On 6 June 2004, survivors of the D-Day landings from many different countries returned to France to remember their lost comrades. Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial which overlooks Omaha Beach.The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from where the boats attempted their landings. The cemetery contains the graves of 9,386 Americans who died during the landings. The memorial also contains the names of more than 1,500 men who were never found.On the memorial, there is part of a poem called "For the Fallen", which was written by an English poet, Lawrence Binyon:They shall not grow old, as we that are left grow old.Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.At the going down of the sun and in the morningWe will remember them.The poem was first published in The Times newspaper on 14 September 1914 and can be seen on war memorials in many parts of the world.1. Where do you think the first passage is taken from?a history booka newspaper article2. What do you think the second passage is?a government report on the warthe history of a particular group of soldiers3. What is different about the third passage?It refers to an event related to the war.It refers to an event before the war.Read Passage 1 and answer the questions.1.What event started the Second World War?2.What was the purpose of Operation Overlord?3.What nationality were the troops who took part in the operation?4.Where was the most dangerous place to land?5.Was Operation Overlord successful?Read Passage 2 and choose the correct endings to the sentences.. When the Germans started firing at the boats, ___.the boats were so far from the beach that they weren't hitthe boats were one kilometre from the beach2. When Boat 5 was hit by a shell, ___.everyone was killedmost of the men were rescued from the water3. The men from Boat 3 had problems in the water because ___.their backpacks were too heavythe water was too deep4. Six men tried to climb up the cliff and ___.some of them managed to reach the topall of them reached the top5. Two of the soldiers from Able Company ___.stayed on the beachmet some other soldiersRead Passage 3 and answer the questions.1.Why was 6 June 2004 an important date for the survivors?2.Why do you think so many soldiers were never found?3.In your own words, what does the poem say about the lost soldiers? Answer the questions about the words in the box.bravery; confusion; disappear; exhausted; heroism; wounded1.What is the difference between tired and exhausted?2.Give an example of bravery in a war situation.3.What is the difference between being killed and being wounded?4.What could cause confusion in a battle?5.What happens when someone disappears?6.What is an act of heroism?GrammarRead this sentence and answer the questions.If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed.a.Did they reach the beach?b.Were they killed?c.Is the sentence describing something that really happened? Answer the questions about the sentences.1.If they hadn't been on the boats, they would have survived.a.Were they on the boats?b.Did they survive?2.If their backpacks had been small, they wouldn't have drowned.a.Were their backpacks small?b.Did they drown?3.If the Germans hadn't been near the beach, the soldiers wouldn'thave had any problems.a.Were the Germans near the beach?b.Did the soldiers have problems?4.Read the sentences and choose the correct meanings.1. Germany invaded Poland. The British declared war.If Germany hadn't invaded Poland, the British wouldn't havedeclared war.If Germany had invaded Poland, the British wouldn't havedeclared war.2. The soldiers reached the beach. They were attacked by the Germans.If the soldiers had reached the beach, they wouldn't have beenattacked by the Germans.If the soldiers hadn't reached the beach, they wouldn't have beenattacked by the Germans.3. The water was very deep. It was impossible for the soldiers to walk tothe beach.If the water hadn't been so deep, it would have been possible forthe soldiers to walk to the beach.If the water hadn't been so deep, it would have been impossible forthe soldiers to walk to the beach.4. The invasion of Normandy was successful. The war ended soonafterwards.If the invasion of Normandy hadn't been successful, the war wouldhave ended soon afterwards.If the invasion of Normandy hadn't been successful, the warwouldn't have ended soon afterwards.ListeningRead the passage and ask and answer questions about the Blitz.At 4 p.m. on 7 September 1940, 348 German war planes began to drop bombs on London. The attack lasted for two hours. Two hours later, a second group of planes arrived. The second attack lasted until 4:30 a.m. the following morning.London was bombed every day for the next 57 days and the attacks continued into the following year.The attacks were known as the Blitz (from the German word Blitzkrieg, which means lightning war). The bombing campaign lasted until May 1941. In the worst single incident, 450 people were killed when a bomb destroyed a school that was an air raid shelter. After that, up to 200,000 Londoners found shelter from the bombing in underground stations. The station doors were locked, and the people had to break the chains on the doors in order to get in.Complete the sentences with the verbs in the past simple.break; fall; feel; fly; shake; think1.I remember that the house _____during the bombing.2.The planes _____very low.3.A lot of bombs _____on the docks.4.A lot of people _____the underground would be the safest place.5.They _____the chains on the doors.6.You _____much safer in the underground.Listen to Alice and Henry Porter, who lived in London during the Blitz, and answer the questions.1.How old were Alice and Henry when the bombing campaignstarted?2.Where was Alice when she saw the bombing for the first time?3.What did Henry and his brother do?4.Where was Alice when a bomb fell on her street?5.Who was Henry with on the night he remembers best?Complete the sentences with the words below. Listen and check your answers. annoyed; counting; excited; fires; shouting; sound; supposed; window1.I remember that the house shook, and I looked through mybedroom _____.2.I remember seeing _____in the distance.3.I also remember that my parents were very _____with me.4.The first thing I remember was the _____of the planes.5.I also remember feeling very _____.6.If I remember rightly, we weren't _____to do that.7.I can remember the firemen _____to each other.8.I remember _____the time between the raids one night. FunctionRead the sentences 1–5 first, and then complete sentences a–d in your own words.1.I remember seeing fires in the distance.2.I remember that the house shook.3.If I remember rightly, we weren't supposed to do that.4.The first thing I remember was the sound of the planes.5.I'll never forget hearing that sound.a.I remember (doing something) ____.b.If I remember rightly, ____.c.The first thing I remember (about a person / place) was ____.d.I'll never forget (doing something) ____.Imagine that you are a survivor of the D-Day landings. Describe your memories of the following events:•the sound of the artillery shells•jumping into the water•how you felt when you reached the beach•what you did next•who you met when you got off the beachWrite a paragraph using the sentences that you have written.•Start with this sentence:o I was part of the invasion force at the D-Day landings.•End with this sentence:o I will never forget the things that happened to me on 6th June1944.Write a paragraph about your own personal memories. Choose one of the topics.1.things you used to do when you were young2.your first day at school3.your first visit to the cinema4.learning to ride a bicycle5.your first journey in a car / taxi or on a train / ship / plane6.the day you met your best friendReading and WritingRead the review of Saving Private Ryan and answer the questions.1.Which paragraph gives details of what happens in part of the film?2.Which paragraph gives information about the director and the starsof the film?3.Which paragraph summarises the story?4.Which paragraph contains the writer's personal view of the film?5.Did the reviewer like the film?Saving Private Ryan (1998)A review by Jenny Carter, aged 15Saving Private Ryan is a film which was directed bySteven Spielberg. The two main characters are CaptainJohn Miller, played by Tom Hanks, and Private James Ryan, played by Matt Damon.James Ryan is the fourth brother to be involved in the Second World War. His three brothers have already been killed, two of them in the D-Day landings in Normandy, the other in a battle in another part of the world. Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day. The US army decides to send a group of men into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother. Captain Miller, a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle, is chosen to lead the rescue team of eight men.The film opens with a 30-minute sequence of the invasion of Normandy, probably the most violent images of war ever shown in a film. We see the full horror of war, and the chaos and senseless waste of life.Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a story of courage and sacrifice. Spielberg has made a lot of good films, but he has never made one with such a strong message. And the message is simple—We want peace; we don't want war.Write a review of a film with a similar war theme that you have seen. Write about the following:•the actors and the director, and when the film was made•the story of the film•a description of the most memorable sequence in the film•your personal feeling about the filmSpeakingWork in groups of four or five. Read and discuss the following opinions about war films.1.War films are important. They show people how terrible war is.After seeing a film about war, people will realise that war meansdeath for a lot of people.2.War films are not very nice. They often show terrible things. Wedon't need to see these things at the cinema.3.People who like action films go to see war films. These peopledon't change their minds about war after seeing the films. They areonly there for the action, not the message.Make a note of which opinion most of the people in the group agree with. Share the opinions in your discussion with the rest of the class.Reading and VocabularyWork in pairs. Describe the photo in the passage and the feelings of the people you can see.D-Day + 2To our astonishment, just two days after we hadreceived our confidential orders to join the D-Daylanding troops, and after a day fighting and seeing manyof my friends killed by the enemy, we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France. It was so sudden, after the mess and confusion of war on the beach.It was late afternoon, and the sun was setting on a perfect country scene of farm buildings, a main street, a few shops, a garage and a church. But we hesitated because we were aware that there might still have been enemy soldiers. Our lieutenant told Private Kowalski and me to advance and check the village.As we entered the main street, a young woman on a tractor drove out of the garage, saw us and called out something in French. Immediately five men came out of the bar, and two more from a farmyard, holding guns. I took off my helmet and yelled, "American! Put your guns down!" They gathered round us, shouting and shaking our hands. Some women appeared and kissed us.We soon understood that the enemy had abandoned the village, so Kowalski went back to the others to let them know it was safe. I walked into a barbershop and stroked my chin, to show I needed to shave. The barber had a magnificent moustache, which he used wax to keep in shape. He filled a tin with cold water, and took out a razor from a drawer. He used a leather sharpener on the razor, and then gave me the best shave I had had in years. Finally he picked up a pair of scissors and a comb, and cut my hair.When the rest of our company arrived, they unloaded their baggage and bedding while the villagers brought out some jars of wine, and laid a table in the middle of the street, which they then covered with plates of potatoes and carrots, ham and sausages. Someone shouted "Cheers!" in English and we all drank to liberation and to the French constitution. Some of our boys had never tasted wine before, and spat it out, thinking it was vinegar.We gave stockings to the women, which they loved, and in return, they gave us perfume for our girlfriends. I was too ashamed to admit that I was too young to have a girlfriend. But the villagers treated us like heroes, and for a brief moment, I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile. But I also remembered my friends who had died earlier that day, and wondered if they would have agreed.Read the passage and choose the best answer.The writer is ____.A a British soldierB a French villagerC an American soldierD a German soldierAnswer the questions.1.What do you think the title of the passage means?2.Why do you think the writer says, "To our astonishment ..."?3.How do you think the soldiers felt when they first saw the peoplein the main street?4.Who was with the writer before the rest of the company arrived?5.How do you think the villagers felt when they saw the Americansoldiers?6.How old do you think the writer was?7.How did the writer feel at the end of the day?Answer the questions with the words in the box.baggage; bedding; comb; confidential; mess; perfume; razor; scissors; shave (v.); stockings; tractor; yell1.How many people knew about the orders to join the D-Daylandings?2.What kind of state is the beach likely to be in after the landings?3.What kind of vehicle do you often see on or near farms?4.How do you speak when you see danger and want to give awarning?5.What do men without beards do to their faces every day or so?What do these men use to do this?6.What tools do you need to use to cut hair and make it look tidy?7.What things did the soldiers bring with them for their personalpossessions and to be able to rest?8.What do women often wear on their legs?9.What do women often like to wear to smell nice?10.Choose the correct answers.11.ashamed; barbershop; constitution; cheers; liberation; vinegar;worthwhile1. A barbershop is the usual place ____.for people to go when they first arrive in a French villagefor women to have a haircutfor men to have a haircut and a shavefor people to buy things like soap, perfume, tooth paste, etc.2. The soldier was ashamed to admit that he was too young to have a girlfriend because ____.A he didn't want to talk about his girlfriend at homeB he wanted a girlfriend, but didn't have oneC the villagers treated the soldiers as heroesD he hoped to find a French girlfriend3. They said "Cheers!" and drank to liberation and to the French constitution in order to ____.introduce the rest of the company to the villagersshow they hoped the villagers would soon be free and in goodhealththank the villagers for the food and for their welcomecelebrate freedom and the return to power of the Frenchgovernment4. Some of the soldiers thought the wine was vinegar because ____.they hadn't tasted wine beforeit's traditional to spit it outthey had drunk too muchit didn't come out of a wine bottle5. He thought the fear and danger was worthwhile because ____.it reminded him that some friends had diedhe would remember this special daymany of friends had diedthe villagers were very grateful to themWork in pairs and discuss your answers to the questions.1.What do you think the soldiers would have done if there had beenenemies in the village?2.What do you think the soldiers did next?Everyday EnglishRead the lines from the listening passage and answer the questions.1. "Did any of the bombs drop near you?" "... No. And I oftenwonder why." If you wonder about something, it means ____.A you feel lucky about somethingB you ask yourself a questionC you ask other people2. If I remember rightly ... You say this if ____.A you are completely sure about somethingB you think you are probably rightC you don't usually get things wrong3. We weren't supposed to do that. This means ____.A we didn't plan to do itB the government didn't want us to do itC we were very unhappy to do it4. We appreciated the opportunity to talk. It means ____.A we wanted an opportunity to talkB we wasted the opportunity to talkC we were thankful for the opportunity to talkReading PracticeWork in pairs. Look at the photo in the passage and answer the questions. Use the words and phrases below to help you.air force; army; Britain; defeat; Germany; leadership; navy; politician; prime minister; speech; statesman; the Second World War; victory1.Who was Winston Churchill?2.When did he live?3.What did he do?4.What is he famous for?Winston Churchill's SpeechesWinston Churchill is well-known as a statesman,politician and as the British Prime Minister during mostof the Second World War. He is especially famous for hisspeeches which many believe made people even moredetermined to defeat the enemy. Many of these speechescontained lines which are remembered even today.Churchill made one of his greatest speeches in 1940,when he was invited to become Prime Minister of Britain, and the leader of a new government. The country had been at war for over eight months, and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war. So on 13 May 1940 he promised the House of Commons: "I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the Government, 'I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.' "A month later, the Germany army had advanced across northern Europe, and the British Army had retreated to the coast of the English Channel. The only escape was to cross the sea back to England. Hundreds of small boats set out from ports on the English coast to bring back the soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk in France. But Churchill encouraged people that this was only a temporary defeat in a speech which included the words, "We shall fight on thebeaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender."On 18 June 1940, Churchill gave another fine speech when he drew attention to the courage of everyone defending Britain. "In years to come," he said, "... men will say, 'This was their finest hour.' "The Germans continued their attacks on Britain from the air. A small number of pilots resisted the much larger German Air Force. Germany lost many airplanes, and was forced to change their strategy. Britain was no longer threatened by an early invasion, and on 20 August 1940, he said, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few."In two years, Germany began to lose some important battles. After a defeat in North Africa, on 10 November 1942 he made a speech with the famous words, "Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning."Many people believe that Churchill's leadership inspired people to remain brave in the face of Nazi Germany. His speeches are still remembered and quoted today, and remain some of the finest examples of spoken English.Choose the sentence which best expresses the main idea of the passage.The main idea of the passage:A "... But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning."B Winston Churchill is well-known as a statesman, politician and as the British Prime Minister during most of the Second World War.CHis speeches are still remembered and quoted today, and remainsome of the finest examples of spoken English.D "In years to come," he said, "... men will say, 'This was their finest hour.' "Choose the best answers.1. Churchill's speech on 13 May 1940 shows that ____.A he could only promise to do his best to defeat the GermansB the war would be over soonC the defeat of Britain by Germany was probableD there was little he could do2. After the British had retreated to Britain, Churchill suggested theBritish ____.A would then use small boats to bring the British Army backB would attack the German army at DunkirkC hoped other European countries would help BritainD would strongly resist the Germans in every possible way3. "... This was their finest hour." suggests that ____.A soldiers will be proud of what they had doneB people will greatly admire everyone who defended BritainC the British were right not to surrenderD the Battle of Britain was over quickly4. In Churchill's speech on 20 August 1940, the "few" refers to ____.A the German airplanesB the British pilotsC the German attacks on BritainD the people of Britain5. According to Churchill, the end of the beginning was when ____.A the British won the Battle of BritainB the German attacks endedC the British started to win the warD the war endedComplete the sentences in your own words.1.Churchill is famous for his speeches because ____.2.The war had lasted over eight months when Churchill ____.3.The soldiers escaped from the beaches of Dunkirk by ____.4.As soon as the Germans lost many airplanes, Britain ____.5.Churchill is famous both for ____ and for ____.Cultural Corner。

英语Module6《WarandPeace》教案（外研版选修6）英语：Module 6《War and Peace》教案（外研版选修6）I．教学内容分析本模块以“war and Peace”为话题。

内容涉及二战中的诺曼底登陆、德国闪电战等背景知识，引导学生学会对战争类影片进行评论，认识到联合国维和部队等重要国际组织在维护世界和平上所起的作用。

学生通过本模块学习，可以深刻了解战争的残酷性，认识和平的重要性。

Introduction列举了几位名人对于“战争与和平”的见解，让学生对其进行讨论，从而形成关于“战争与和平”的正确观点。

然后通过历史知识问答的形式引导学生进入下一步的学习环节。

Vocabulary an~：Reading部分由对诺曼底登陆战役的局部描述和诺曼底登陆60周年纪念的报道组成，通过完成相关练习训练学生的阅读技巧，并使学生充分认识到诺曼底登陆战役对于欧洲反法西斯战争的重要作用。

Grammar通过回答问题的形式来继续学习虚拟语气。

Listening部分让学生首先阅读一篇有关“德国闪电战”的文章，获得相关背景知识，然后听一段亲历“闪电战”人士的采访录音，完成相关练习，培养学生获取听力信息的能力。

Function部分让学生学会描述过去的事情，并通过拓展性练习来进行巩固。

Reading and Writing部分首先要求学生阅读一篇15岁外国少年写的关于《拯救大兵瑞恩》的影评并回答相关问题；然后通过分析影评的构成要素，让学生学写一篇类似题材的影评。

Speaking部分让学生以小组活动的形式，来讨论三种有关战争题材电影的观点，使学生对此类题材的电影有正确认识。

Everyday English要求学生学习5个出现在听力材料中的重要表达，明确它们的具体意思。

Cultural Corner通过阅读有关联合国维和部队的文章，使学生明白其成立的目的，以及在维护世界和平中发挥的作用。

Task要求学生就战争的成因发表看法，探讨国际间维护和平的途径；在讨论的基础上写一篇有关战争形成原因或如何维护世界和平的文章。

Book6 module6 war and peace第一课时Teaching Aims:Help the students learn more about World War II.Have a deep understanding of the significance of the D-DayLandings as well as the importance of world peace.Improve the students' reading comprehension ability.Type of Lesson:a reading comprehensive lessonTeaching Aids: MultimediaTeaching Methods: Task based methodTeaching procedures:Step 1 、Lead-in (9')1. Show war logo, anti-war logo and peace logo to thestudents. (1')Get two representatives of two groups to do presentations,talking about1) World War II2) the D-Day Landings. (6')Summarize the D-Day glossary. (2')Allies: Countries that fought against the Axis Powers.Allied Expeditionary Force (AEF): under the commandof GeneralEisenhower. Twelve nations supplied troops and material forit, including the United States , Canada , France , and theUnited Kingdom .Axis Powers: The alliance of Germany , Italy , and JapanOperation Overlord: code name for the military operation in1944 to invade France .第2课时D-Day / H-Hour: The terms D-Day and H-Hour are usedfor theday and hour on which an attack or operation is to belaunched. "D" for the day of the invasion and "H" for thehourthe operation actually begins.D-Day landings: D-Day Invasion or Invasion ofNormandyStep 2 、Reading (26')Passage 1 (10')Listen to the tape with books closed (2')Discuss with your partners and answer the questionsaboutpassage 1: (4')What event started the Second World War?What was the purpose of Operation Overlord?What nationality were the troops taking part in thelanding?Where was the most dangerous place to land?Show a map of the landings to the students. (4')Passage 2 (9')fast reading (2')第3课时Choose the correct endings to the sentences. (2')When the Germans started firing at the boats, _____ . the boats were so far from the beach that they weren't hit.The boat were one kilometer from the beach.When Boat 5 was hit by a shell, ______ .everyone was killed.most of the men were rescued from the water.The men from Boat 3 had problems in the water because ______ their backpacks were too heavy.The water was too deep.Six men tried to climb up the cliff and ______ .some of them managed to reach the topall of them reached the top.Two of the soldiers from Able Company ______ .stayed on the beach.Met some other soldiers.Watch the beginning part of the anti-war film: Saving PrivateRyan, which describes the bravery and heroism of the D-DayLandings. (5')Passage 3 (7')Fast reading (2')第4课时Ex: Fill in the missing words (2')On the 6th June 2004 , ______ of the D-Day Landingsfromdifferent countries returned to ______ to remembertheir lostcomrades. They went to the _____ and ______ which are ______ on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel ,from where the boats ______ their landings.Show the related pictures of the cemetery and memorial as wellas the poem. (1')Invite one of the students to read part of the poem withemotion. (2')Step 3 、Post reading (4')Get the representative of the last group to do presentation,talking about the 60th anniversary of end of World War II.Step 4 、Discussion& Summary(5')1. Discuss: What can we learn from the passage?2. Summary: We need peace and we don't want war to build amore stable and harmonious society and world.Step 5 、Assignment1. Read the quotations about war and peace on Page 51.Discussion: Shall we choose war?2. Finish the exercises in the reading part.。

选修6Module 6 War and Peace根底操练Ⅰ. 单词拼写1. To the doctor’s surprise, the cancer cells have i other parts of the old man’s body besides his stomach.2. The medical group had to a their research on cloning for lack of fund and support.3. The fire fighter lost his life when trying to r a child from the big fire.4. We are not only s at the terrible working conditions, but also moved by the workers’spirits.5. Some soldiers were killed and some got seriously w in the battle.6. Do you know how many (幸存者) there were in the air disaster?7. Driving again after his accident must have taken a lot of (勇气).8. Parents often make (牺牲) for their children.Ⅱ. 辨析填空A. wound/injure/hurt1. The scandal(丑闻) has his reputation.2. She was because you didn’t visit her.3. Many soldiers were in the war.B. despite/in spite of/though/although/as1. he’s not in good health, he still keeps on working.2. Happy they were, there was something missing.3. the serious drought, the wheat harvest this year was good.C. abandon/desert/quit1. You cannot smoking too soon.2. The guard was punished for his post.3. The plan for a voyage had to be because of its high cost. Ⅲ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1. (occupy) in writing a report, he couldn t go with us.2. The broken bike was found (abandon) by the river side.3. If I (get) there earlier, I (meet) her.4. I suggested that he (start) right now.5. It’s time that the government (take) measures to protect the rare birds and animals.Ⅳ. 翻译句子1. 科学家们已经在治疗癌症方面取得了重大突破。

定语从句重、难点易错档案一、语意重复。

定语从句的引导词在从句中都要充当一定的成分，所以从句里相应的句子成分不能再保留，否则就犯了语意重复的错误。

如：The main topic people are often talking about at present is personal cars.The main topic是先行词，关系代词that或which在从句中作宾语，被省略了，所以做宾语的替代词it不能再出现了。

二、分裂现象。

如无特殊原因，定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后。

如：Everything that has weight and occupies space is called matter.初学者很容易将此意表达成：Everything is called matter that has weight and occupies space. 这就是人为地造成的分裂现象。

但是有时定语从句和先行词之间需要插入定语、状语或谓语时则另当别论。

如：There is an expression in his eyes that I cannot understand.先行词与定语从句之间被in his eyes隔开了。

三、主、谓不一致。

当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词应该和先行词的数与格保持一致，否则就是犯了主、谓不一致的错误。

如：God bless this ship and all that sail in her. (Bible)本例先行词all指的是“所有的人”，所以定语从句的谓语不能用sails。

四、关系代词that、who直接置于介词后。

关系代词前有介词时，关系代词必须用which（指物）或whom (指人)，而且不能省略。

如果把介词放到句子的后部去，这时关系代词可用that 或who,也可以把它们省略。

如：The cost at which we produce the cars has been greatly reduced.由于关系代词直接置于介词at之后，所以只能用which，而且不能省略。

Book 6 Module 6D-Day LandingsDesigned by Pidu Middle School Pu JianmingText analysis：【what】The topic of the article is “war and peace”. It is divided into 3 short passages. Passage 1 is a general introduction of D-Day Landings. Passage 2 is the story of Able Company, whichhappened during the D-Day Landings. And passage 3 is about the 60th anniversary of D-Day.Through the description of D-Day, this article shows students how cruel the war is and weshould remember the lost heroes and cherish the peace.【why】Students will know more about the D-Day Landings and realize the cruelty of war through this article. What’s more they can have a better understanding of the relationship of war and peace.【How】1. This article is organized in the order of time. Passage 1 and 2 is about what happened in D-Day landings and passage 3 is an event after D-Day.2. The author used many writing techniques to organize the article such as listing numbers,giving examples, and quotation. For example, to stress the cruelty of the war, many numbersare used in this article.Students analysis:The students can understand the basic information and feel part of the author’s attitude in this article. But it will be difficult for them to express themselves in English. Most of them lack the ability of analyzing the genre and structure of the article. I n addition, most of them can’t infer the author’s writing intention properly.Learning Aims:Teaching Goal:1. To know more about D-Day Landings.2. To learn to draw and use mind map to help students organize the information of an article.3. To help students have a deep understanding of peace.Emotion Goal :1. Develop Ss’ awareness of peace.Teaching Importance:1. Let students get the information of D-Day Landings by using mind map and develop theirawareness of peace.Teaching Difficult Points:1. Guide students to use mind map to get information.2. Guide students to have a deep understanding of peace.Teaching Methods:1. Communicative teaching method.2. Group discussion teaching method.3. Task-based teaching method.Teaching Aids:Multi-mediaTeaching ProceduresStep 1: Leading in1. Greetings & warming up.2. Using pictures and a short video to introduce the topic3.Introduce the learning aims in the reading.Step 2: Reading comprehensionTask 1:Fast-reading for main idea1.Students read through the passage in 5 minutes. And finish the following three questions.(1).What’s the main idea of passage 1?A. a brief introduction about D-day Landings and operation Overlord.B. what happened during the Second World War.(2). What do you think passage 2 is?A. A government report about the war.B.The story of a particular group of soldiers(3). What is different about passage 3?A.It refers to an event related to the war.B.It refers to an event before the war.2. Ss show their answers.3. T does some necessary explanation.Task 2 Careful-reading for detailed information1.Ss read passage 1 and try to underline the useful information about D-Day Landings andOperation Overlord.2.The teacher and students draw a Mind Map of D-Day Landings together.3.Students read passage 2 again and complete the Mind Map of passage 2 in groups.4.Ss show their answers.5. T does some necessary explanation.Task 3 Careful reading for a deep understanding of this article.read the whole article and think about the following 4 questions.(1). We can infer from passage 1 that the author’s attitude to the D-Day Landings andoperation Overlord is _______.A. NegativeB. ObjectiveC. Positive(2). Where do you think passage 1 is taken from?A. A history bookB. A newspaper article(3). Translate the sentence in passage 2 “if they had reached the beach, they wouldprobably have been killed.” into Chinese._________________________________________________________________________(4). In your own words, what does the poem say about the lost soldiers in passage 3?__________________________________________________________________________ discuss their answers in group.show their answersdoes some necessary explanation.leads Ss to appreciate the poem.Task 4 DiscussionSs discuss what can we do for the peace of China now?_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Step 3 HomeworkNow let’s imagine that you are one of the survivors of the Able Company. And you are invited to share your own experience of the D-Day Landings and ideas about war and peace to students. What will you say to them?_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。

Module 6 War and Peace【美文阅读】Libyan Opposition Gives War Lessons to YouthThe uprising against the 41­year rule of Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi began peacefully. But when government troops used force to suppress the demonstrations(证明，示范；示威游行), they escalated into what increasingly looks like a civil war.Opposition forces, based mostly in the east, are fighting the much better­equipped and better­trained Gadhafi troops.But opposition leaders are trying to change that.TrainingIt is midday at the artillery practice range in Jarutha, 20 kilometers outside Benghazi.Volunteers opposed to the government of Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi are learning to shoot anti­aircraft guns.The aging gun jams after a few rounds, underscoring one of the opposition's major problems, a lack of effective heavy weapons to counter Colonel Gadhafi's tanks and warplanes.The volunteers, dressed mostly in jeans and shirts, a few with camouflage fatigues(迷彩服), muster to the commands of the drill sergeant.Mustafa Sagisli commands this training unit. He is a computer engineer who owns a small business in Benghazi, but he closed it to join the resistance. He saysthe opposition's biggest challenges are a lack of organization and a lack of equipment.Pursuing freedomRamadan Korehol, a medical student, is eager to finish his training so he can go to the front. He says sometimes one has to fight in order to be free.Yusef Sharif was a master­sergeant(军士长) in the Libyan army. Now he trains civilians who call themselves revolutionaries. He says they receive only a few weeks training, but that is enough because they are committed.“We don't have any problems... because all these young guys are educated and some have high academic qualifications，” noted Sharif. “They learn quickly and we try to teach them precisely how to use these small weapons.”【诱思导学】1．What's the reason of the Libyan civil war?___________________________________________________________ _____________2．How is the situation between the government troops and the opposition forces?___________________________________________________________ _____________【答案】 1.The reason is that people in Libya are opposingthe government of the dictator Gadhafi.2．The Gadhafi troops are better­trained than the opposition forces, but opposition leaders are trying to change that, and they think they are fighting for the freedom of the people.Period ⅠPreviewing(教师用书独具)●教学目标初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。

一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√beach n．memorial n.overlook v. condemn v.campaign n. chain n.chaos n. senseless adj.sacrifice n. memorable adj.baggage n. confidential adj.mess n. yell v.unload v. liberation n.surrender v. strategy n.quote v. personnel n.civilian n.Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．drown v．淹死，使溺死2．survivor n. 幸存者3．last v. 持续4．eventually ad v. 最后，最终5．wound v. 使受伤6．rescue v. 营救，拯救7．view n. 观点8．worthwhile adj. 值得做的，有价值的，有用的9．arm__v. 装备，武装10.__despite prep. 不管，不顾Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．abandon v．放弃，抛弃→abandoned adj.被放弃的，被遗弃的2．operate v．操作；动手术→operation n．行动；手术3．occupy v．占领；占用；占据→occupied adj.被占领的，忙于→occupation n．占领；占用；职业4．shock v．使震惊n.震惊，吃惊→shocked adj.(感到)震惊的，惊骇的→shocking adj.令人震惊的5．nation n．国家→nationality n．国籍→national adj.国家的6．courage n．勇气，胆量→encourage v．鼓舞，鼓励→encouraged adj.受鼓励的→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的；振奋人心的→encouragement n．鼓舞，鼓励7．agree v．同意→disagree v．不同意→disagreement n．争论，矛盾，意见不合→agreement n．同意，协议1.后缀-able形容词一览①memorable难忘的，特别的②admirable 值得赞扬的③adjustable 可调节的④reasonable 合理的⑤respectable 可敬的⑥usable 可用的，适用的2.“看”之种种①overlook俯视，往下看②watch 观看，注视③observe 监视，观测④stare 盯，凝视⑤glare 怒目而视⑥look up 向上看3.en-前缀动词荟萃①encourage鼓励②enlarge 放大③enrich 使丰富④ensure 确保⑤endanger 使遭到危险⑥enable 使能够(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．declare__war__on向……宣战2．make__a__breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)3．pick__up 停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起；学会4．to__one’s__astonishment 令某人惊讶的是5．drink__to 为……干杯6．draw__attention__to 引起对……的注意7．be__involved__in 被卷入；陷入8．in__view/sight 在视野中9．be__situated__on/in/at 位于，坐落于10．refer__to 提及；参考；指的是1.“to one’s＋n.”大集合①to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是②to one’s delight/joy 令某人高兴的是③to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是④to one’s sorrow 令某人伤心的是⑤to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是2.declare相关短语荟萃①declare war on向……宣战②declare for/against 表示赞成/反对③declare ...(to be/as)．.. 宣布……为……④declare ...open 宣布……开始(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before__they__even__got__off__the__boats．这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就牺牲了。

Module 6War and Peace战争与和平核心词汇1．Germany o__________ many countries by the attacks known as the Blitz.b5E2RGbCAP2．Don’t play by the river in case you fall in and get d____________.p1EanqFDPw3．A r____________ team is trying to reach the trapped miners.DXDiTa9E3d4．In his early days Lu Xun a____________ medicine for literature.RTCrpUDGiT5．The singer felt e____________ by the many letters of support.5PCzVD7HxA6．____________(维和人员>from our country have set out for Iraq in October.jLBHrnAILg7．There was an exciting new ____________(突破>in cancer research.xHAQX74J0X8．My father wanted to buy a country house for his ____________ retirement but ____________ he bought one in town because it has all the modern conveniences.(eventual>LDAYtRyKfE9．At first he ____________ to my plan but then he changed his mind and ____________ to it.His ____________ made me very angry.(agree>Zzz6ZB2Ltk10．The doctors are ____________ on an ____________ of a factory who got injured when ____________ a machine，and the ____________ is said to last over one hour.(operation>dvzfvkwMI11.occupied2.drowned3.rescue4.abandoned,5.encouraged6.Peacek eepers7.breakthrough8.eventual；eventually9.agreed；disagreed；disagreement,10.operating；operator；operating；operationrqyn14ZNXI高频短语1．________________ 向……宣战2．________________ 取得重大突破(进展>3．________________ 停下来让某人搭车(船等>；救起4．________________ 卷入，陷入5．________________ 收获，进入6．________________ 考虑，思考7．________________ 令某人惊讶的是8．________________ 位于，坐落于9．________________ 为……干杯，祝酒10．________________ 注意11．________________ 在视野中12．________________ 提及，参考1.declare war on2.make a breakthrough3.pick up,4.be involved in5.get in6.think about7.to one’s astonishment8.be situated on9.drink to10.draw attention to 11.in view 12.refer toEmxvxOtOco重点句式1．The war，________________，is known as the Second World War.SixE2yXPq5这场战争一直持续到1945年，被称为第二次世界大战。

高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***MODULE 6 War and PeaceSection A INTRODUCTION & VOCABULARY AND READING 题组1单项选择1. The moment the 28th Olympic Games ______open, the whole world cheered.A. was madeB. has been publishedC. has announcedD. was declared2. The latest figure of unemployment will be ______tomorrow in the newspaper.A. announcingB. broadcastC. declaringD. published3. —What do you think of your shirt your motherbought for you three years ago?—Very good, it has ______ so long a time.A. providedB. offeredC. suppliedD. lasted4. He is the ______ person I think who could win thisaward due to his little contribution.A. lateB. lastC. latterD. least5. Her time is fully ______ with her three children.A. occupiedB. occupyingC. takenD. spent6. ______ herself with routine office tasks, she had notime to attend to her children.A. OccupyingB. OccupiedC. DevotingD. Devoted7. The girl had to ______ her journey because of hermother’s illness.A. leaveB. desertC. abandonD. quit8. She ______ reading to make herself a cup of cof-fee.A. quittedB. preventedC. desertedD. continued9. The successful launch of Chan g’eⅠshows Chinahas made a major ______ in lunar explorationproject.A. differenceB. progressC. breakthroughD. conclusion10. Modern forms of transportation and communica-tion have done much to ______ the isolation（隔离）of life in Alaska.A. break downB. break outC. break intoD. break through11. The computer system ______ suddenly while hewas searching for information on the Internet.A. broke downB. broke outC. broke upD. broke in12. He _______ some French while he was away on abusiness trip in Paris.A. made outB. picked upC. gave upD. took in13. —I’m going to the supermarket. Is there anythingyou need?—Could you ______ a roll of paper towels?A. take awayB. get toC. pick upD. stop at14. Don’t worry. My father will ______ us up in thecar if it rains tomorrow.A. bringB. takeC. carryD. pick15. You’d better fly somewhere in the West. Then youcan ______ a hire car and travel around.A. take upB. get onC. pick upD. turn on16. I finally arrived home from work, ______.A. hungry and tiringB. hungry and tiredC. hungrily and tiringD. hungrily and tired17. When writing an article, do not ______ spellingerrors because they are bad for the article.A. overdoB. overcomeC. overactD. overlook18. A police team have ______ the sites of the serioustraffic accident and wrote down some details.A. taken overB. looked overC. gone throughD. looked through19. ______ the short novel in this book as quickly asyou can and tell me what you think of it.A. Look throughB. Look overC. Look intoD. Look after20. Look over there! Some people are standing underthe big tree, ______ you can enjoy the whole view.A. whereB. from whichC. whichD. from where21. We went up to the top of the roof, ______ we hada good view of the team.A. whereB. whichC. from whereD. from which22. The so-called gentleman ______ you told me yes-terday proved to be a thief.A. for whomB. about whomC. of himD. to which题组2单项选择1. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ______ put forward are turned down.A. couldB. wouldC. /D. had2. Germany ______ war on France on 3 August 1914.A. announcedB. saidC. declaredD. spoken3. The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and ______ only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. continuesC. finishesD. lasts4. Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her ______ for a whole week.A. constrainedB. dominatedC. restrictedD. occupied5. Visitors ______ the seaside town in summer and the town was overcrowded.A. invadingB. invadedC. inventD. invasion6. As we expected, with the development of society,fewer and fewer old men are ______ in the coun-tryside.A. raisingB. raisedC. abandoningD. being abandoned7. The company’s researchers have made a ______ in advancing battery technology.A. break-upB. breakthroughC. breakdownD. break-in8. It’s surprising that your brother ______ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.A. picked upB. looked upC. put upD. made up9. ______, the driver looked at the vast desert with-out knowing if he could get across safely.A. Tiredly and sadlyB. Tired and sadC. Tired and sadlyD. Tiredly and sad10. Medical research has shown that the widespreaduse of cigarettes contributes ______ the increase of cancers.A. towardsB. forC. withD. to11. From the top of the tower, we can ______ thewhole harbor.A. noticeB. look upC. watchD. overlook12. The girl hid herself under the table ______ shecould see everything taking place in the room.A. after whichB. from whereC. from whichD. in where13. It ______ me to have to explain everything in suchdetail.A. makesB. letsC. weariesD. has14. Kathy ______ a lot of Spanish by playing with na-tive children.A. took upB. picked upC. made upD. turned up15. Mr Zhang demanded ______ the model shipmade by us.A. to seeB. seeingC. sawD. to be seen答案与解析题组11. D 句意：第28届奥林匹克运动会在宣布开幕的那一刻，全世界都欢呼起来。

外研社课文文本选修六M o d u l e6W a ra n d P e a c eModule 6 War and PeaceThe D-Day Landings – Passage 1In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland. The war, which lasted until 1945, is known as the Second World War. During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France. He most important battle of the war in Europe was Operation Overlord, the military operation in 1944 to invade France.Operation Overlord started when boats full of soldiers landed on the beaches of Normandy in France, known as the D-Day landings. More than 5,000 ships crossed the English Channel, carrying 130,000 troops to the French coast.Troops from the United States, Britain and Canada took part in the D-Day landings. The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats. American soldiers attempted to land at the most dangerous place, known as Omaha Beach.The situation at Omaha Beach was so bad that the US army commanders thought about abandoning the invasion. Eventually, the soldiers made a breakthrough and the D-Day landings were successful. It was the beginning of the end of the Second World War.Operation Overlord started as a story of danger and confusion and ended as a story of bravery and acts of heroism.The D-Day Landings – Passage 2The soldiers of Able Company crossed the English Channel in seven boats early on the morning of 6 June 1944. when they were about 5 kilometres from the beach, the Germans started firing artillery shells at them but the boats were too far away. The Germans continued firing and Boat 5 was hit one kilometer from the beach. Six men drowned before help arrived. Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. As a result, they missed the fighting on the beach. Six men drowned before help arrived. Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. As a result, they missed the fighting on the beach. They were lucky. If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed.When Boat 3 was a few metres form the beach, the soldiers jumped out, but the water was so deep that some of them disappeared under the water. Many of the men were either killed or wounded by machine gun fire.The soldiers on Boat 1 and Boat 4 jumped into the water, but it was too deep and most of them drowned. Half an hour after the first attack, two thirds of the company (a company is a group of about 100 soldiers) were dead. The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.After an hour and forty-five minutes, six of the survivors tried to climb up the cliff to get off the beach. Four were too exhausted to reach the top. The other two, Private Jake Shefer and Private Thomas Lovejoy, joined a group from another company and fought with them. Two men. Two rifles. This was Able Company’s contribution to D-Day.The D-Day Landings – Passage 3On 6 June 2004, survivors of the D-Day landings from many different countries returned to France to remember their lost comrades. Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial which overlooks Omaha Beach.The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from where the boats attempted their landing. The cemetery contains the graves of 9,386 Americans who died during the landings. The memorial also contains the names of more than 1,500 men who were never found.On the memorial, there is part of a poem called “For the Fallen”, which was written by an English poet, Lawrence Binyon:They shall not grow old, as we that are left grow old. Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.At the going down of the sun and in the morning we will remember them.The poem was first published in The Times newspaper on 14 September 1914 and can be seen on war memorials in many parts of the world.Saving Private Ryan (1998)A review by Jenny Carter, aged 15Saving Private Ryan is a film which was directed by Steven Spielberg. The two main characters are Captain John Miller, played by Tom Hanks, and Private James Ryan, played by Matt Damon.James Ryan is the fourth brother to be involved in the Second World War. His three brothers have already been killed, two of them in the D-Day landings in Normandy, the other in a battle in another part of the world. Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day. The US army decides to send a group of men into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother. Captain Miller, a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle, is chosen to lead the rescue team of eight men.The film opens with a 30-minute sequence of the invasion of Normandy, probably the most violent images of war ever shown in a film. We see the full horror of war, and the chaos and senseless waste of life. Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a story of courage and sacrifice. Spielberg has made a lot of good films, but he has never made one with such a strong message. And the message is simple – we want peace; we don’t want war.D-Day + 2To our astonishment, just two days after we had received our confidential orders to join the D-Day landing troops, and after a day fighting and seeing many of my friends killed by the enemy, we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France. It was so sudden, after the mess and confusion of war on the beach.It was late afternoon, and the sun was setting on a perfect country scene of farm buildings, a main street, a few shops, a garage and a church. But we hesitated because we were aware that there might still have been enemy soldiers. Our lieutenant told Private Kowalski and me to advance and check the village.As we entered the main street, a young woman on a tractor drove out of the garage, saw us and called out something in French. Immediately five men came out of the bar, and two more from a farmyard, holding guns. I took off my helmet and yelled, “American! Put your guns down!” they gathered round us, shouting and shaking our hands, some women appeared and kissed us.We soon understood that the enemy had abandoned the village, so Kowalski went back to the others to let them know it was safe. I walked into a barbershop and stroked my chin, to show I needed to shave. The barber had a magnificent moustache, which he used wax to keep in shape. He filled a tin with cold water, and took out a razor from a drawer. He used a leather sharpener on the razor, and then gave me the best shave I had had in years. Finally he picked up a pair of scissors and a comb, and cut my hair.When the rest of our company arrived, they unloaded their baggage and bedding while the villagers brought out some jars of wine, and laid a table in the middle of the street, which they then covered with plates of potatoes and carrots, ham and sausages. Someone shouted “Cheers!” in English and we all drank to liberation and to the French constitution. Some of our boys had never tasted wine before, and spat it out, thinking it was vinegar.We gave stockings to the women, which they loved, and in return, they gave us perfume for our girlfriends. I was too ashamed to admit that I was too young to have a girlfriend. But the villagers treated us like heroes, and for a brief moment, I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile. But I also remembered my fiends who had died earlier that day, and wondered if they would have agreed.Winston Churchill’s SpeechesWinston Churchill is well-known as a statesman, politician and as the British Prime Minister during most of the Second World War. He is especially famous for his speeches which many believe made people even more determined to defeat the enemy. Many of these speeches contained lines which are remembered even today.Churchill made one of his greatest speeches in 1940, when he was invited to become Prime Minister of Britain, and the leader of a new government. The country had been at war for over eight months, and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war. So on 13 May 1940 he promised the House of Commons: “I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the Government, ‘I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.’”A month later, the Germany army had advanced across northern Europe, and the British Army had retreated to the coast of the English Channel. The only escape was to cross the sea back to England. Hundreds of small boats set out from ports on the English coast to bring back the soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk in France. But Churchill encouraged people that this was only a temporary defeat in a speech which included the words, “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets. We shall fight in the hills; we shall never surre nder.”On 18 June 1940, Churchill gave another fine speech when he drew attention to the courage of everyone defending Britain. “In years to come,” he said, “…men will say, ‘This was their finest hour.’”The Germans continued their attacks on Britain from the air. A small number of pilots resisted the much larger German Air Force. Germany lost many airplanes, and was forced to change their strategy. Britain was no longer threatened by an early invasion, and on 20 August 1940, he said, “Never in th e filed of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.”In two years, Germany began to lose some important battles. After a defeat in North Africa, on 10 November 1942 he made a speech with the famous words, “Now this is not the end. It is n ot even the beginning of the end. But is is, perhaps, the end of the beginning.”Many people believe that Churchill’s leadership inspired people to remain brave in the face of Nazi Germany. His speeches are still remembered and quoted today, and remain some of the finest examples of spoken English.How the United Nations Tries to Keep the PeaceIf you see soldiers wearing sky-blue helmets, they are United Nations peacekeepers. The idea of UN peacekeepers began more than 60 years ago. They were the idea of Canadian Foreign Minister Lester Pearson, who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work.The first UN peacekeepers were sent to the Middle East in 1948. They only went to see what was happening, and were not armed. The first armed UN peacekeepers were sent to the Middle East in 1957 when there was a disagreement between the British and Egyptian governments about the Suez Canal.Since then, there have been more than 50 UN peacekeeping operations, many of them since the year 2000. In 2003, there were fifteen, involving nearly 37,000 personnel (soldiers and civilians).UN peacekeepers have included soldiers and other personnel from more than 120 countries. Since 2000, most of the personnel have come from Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and Ghana. There have also been soldiers from China, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Canada, Ireland, Italy and Australia. During the 1990s, eastern European countries such as Poland and the Czech Republic also sent personnel.There have been many UN peacekeepi ng successes, but also some failures. The UN couldn’t stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995, despite warnings of the dangers from nearby states.。