中考英语--重要近义词组汇总表

初中英语近义词辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of.2. family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.3. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.4. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画。

5. population, peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.6. road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.7. custom, habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.8. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.9. class, lesson作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. Lesson 6; class 5.10. officer, officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer.11. work, job二者均指工作。

英语常考近义词成语辨析100组1. 喜欢 vs. 爱好 - 指对某一事物或活动的有好感或偏爱。

2. 开心 vs. 快乐 - 表示愉快的心情。

3. 困惑 vs. 迷惑 - 表示对某事情感到疑惑或莫名其妙。

4. 同情 vs. 同情心 - 表示对他人的困难或苦难感到理解和关切。

5. 感激 vs. 感谢 - 表示对别人的帮助或恩惠表示谢意。

6. 独特 vs. 特殊 - 表示与众不同或与常规不同。

7. 敏捷 vs. 灵活 - 表示动作或思维的迅捷程度。

8. 忠诚 vs. 诚实 - 表示对某人或某事的忠心和坦诚。

9. 本领 vs. 能力 - 表示某种技能或才能。

10. 合理 vs. 公正 - 表示合乎逻辑或公平正义。

11. 危险 vs. 风险 - 表示存在威胁或可能带来危险的情况。

12. 政府 vs. 政权 - 表示治理国家的机构或组织。

13. 友谊 vs. 友情 - 表示朋友之间的情感和关系。

14. 丰富 vs. 富裕 - 表示财富或资源充足。

15. 智慧 vs. 聪明 - 表示智力水平较高或思维敏捷。

16. 关注 vs. 关心 - 表示对某事物或某人的关注和关心。

17. 反对 vs. 抵制 - 表示不支持或反抗某一事物或行为。

18. 容易 vs. 简单 - 表示易于做到或理解。

19. 紧张 vs. 担忧 - 表示焦虑或担忧的情绪。

20. 信任 vs. 依赖 - 表示对某人或某事物的信心或依赖。

21. 目标 vs. 任务 - 表示需要完成的工作或目标。

22. 利益 vs. 好处 - 表示从某事物中获得的利益或好处。

23. 减少 vs. 缩小 - 表示数量或规模的减少。

24. 批评 vs. 指责 - 表示对某人或某事物的不满或责备。

25. 传统 vs. 习俗 - 表示某一群体传承下来的风俗或习惯。

26. 科学 vs. 学问 - 表示知识体系或某一学科的研究。

27. 知识 vs. 智慧 - 表示学习和了解的内容和能力。

一、初中常见的同义词或同义词组1.be friendly to each other =get on /along well with …2.all right =OK3.alone =on one’s own=by oneself4.a little +n. = a bit of + n.5.at the moment =now6.be a Russia = come from Russia = be from Russia7.be good at =do well in8.be OK=be all right9.be working =be at work10.be weak in =be bad at11.be busy with =be busy doing12.be proud of= take pride in…13.but =except (除外)14.do one’s best to do sth. =try one’s best to do sth.15.each other =one another16.everywhere=here and there17.fall asleep =go to sleep18.fly to…=go to…by plane/air19.get to=arrive at/in = reach20.have a good time =enjoy oneself=have fun21.have enough money for…=afford to buy …22.just now=a moment ago23.learn …by oneself=teach oneself24.leave…=be away from25.look after =take care of26．mean…=the meaning of27. more than=over28. not again=no more=not any more29. prefer sth. to sth.=like sth. better than sth.30. receive a letter from sb.=hear from sb.31. ring (up)sb.=call (up)sb.=phone sb.=make a phone call to sb.32. say no to sb.=refuse sb.33. sleep well=have a good sleep34. see a film=go to the cinema35. start(开始)=begin36. start(出发)=set out37. take a car to go to sp.=go to sp. by car38.take part in=be in39. visit sp. =pay/ have a visit to sp.40. catch the bus=take the bus二、反义词或反义词组的替换1. after=before2. (A) borrow …from (B) -(B) lend…to…(A)3. catch up with-fall behind4. catch the bus-miss the bus5. early-late6. easy-difficult7. find-lose8. get off-get on9. in front of-behind10. miss=catch11. near -far away from12. remember-forget13. something/anything-nothing14. switch off-switch on /turn on15. the same as-different from16. write to sb. -hear from sb.三、形容词、副词比较级的不同形式的替换1．He is as tall as I . =He is the same height as I .2. He is as old as I .=He is the same age as I .3. This box is as heavy (long,wide,deep)as that one.= This box is the same weight(length, width, depth) as that one.4. Bill did better than Lin Tao.=Lin Tao did not do so well as Bill.5. I haven’t as many story-books as he.=He has more story-books than I .6. Japanese is not so popular as English.=Japanese is less popular than English.7. It’s so important a match that we must see it.==It’s such an important match that we can't miss it.常见形容词/副词/的句型1. as +形容词/副词+asthe same+名词+as2. not so (as) +形容词/副词+as形容词/副词比较级 +thanless +形容词/副词比较级+than3. such a/an +形容词+名词so+形容词+a/an+名词四、合并句子1. too+形容词to do / so…thatHe is very young . He can't carry the box.-He is too young to carry the box.-He is so young that he can't carry the box.2. 形容词/副词+enogh to do…Edison was very clever. He could invent a lot of things. Edison was clever enough to invent a lot of things.3. either…or…You can do this before class, and you can also do it after class.You can do this either before class or after class.4. neither…nor…There is no air on the moon. There is no water on the moon.There is neither air nor water on the moon.5. neither of…Your answer is wrong. My answer is wrong, either. Neither of our answers is right.6. none ofTom hasn't passed the exam. Peter and Ken haven’t passed the exam, eihter.None of the three boys has passed the exam.7. both…and…He knows English. His wife knows English,too.Both he and his wife knows English.8. not only…but also…Mrs. Smith is my teacher. She is also my good friends. Mrs. Smith is not only my teacher，but also my good friend.9.so…that…How fast the little boy is running! I can't catch up with him.The little boy is running so fast that I can't catch up with him.10. without…I won’t work well if you don't help me.I wo n’t work well without your help.11. exceptAll are here, but our English teacher isn't .Everyone is here except our English teacher.12. It is +adj. of sb. to do sth.You help me a lot. You are really nice.It’s really nice of you to help me a lot.13. …if(条件状语从句)The weather won’t be fine tomorrow. We’ll have to stay at home.We’ll have to stay at home tomorrow if the weather won’t be fine.Start before 4 o’clock. Or you may miss your plane. You may miss your plane if you don't start before 4 o’clock.五、单句与复句互换1. so…that…(从句)…too…to do……enough to do…The room is so small that my family can't live in.-The room isn't big enough for my family to live in.-The room is too small for my family to live in.2. find that(从句)find sb. +宾语补语We found (that) he is a good pupil.We found him a good pupil.3. …what/where/when/how(从句)…what/where/when/how to do…-Please tell me where we show our tickets. -I am not sure what I should do next.-Please tell me where to show our tickets. -I am not sure what to do next.4. hope that (从句)hope to do …I hope that I can see you soon.I hope to see you soon.5. It is …(some time) since (从句)did…some time agoSb. has been…for some time-It is ten years since his grandfather died. -It is five years since she became a nurse. -His father died ten years ago.-She has been a nurse for five years.6. It seems (seemed) that (句子)Sb. seems(seemed) to do sth.It seemed that they won the match.They seemed to win the match.7. It took sb. + some time + to do sth.Sb. spent+some time+(in) doing sth.It took me two hours to buy the book yesterday.I spent two hours reading the book yesterday.8. sb. spend + some money +on/doing sth.Sb. pay+some money +for sth.Sth. cost +sb. +some moneyHe spent 180 yuan on that toy.-He paid 180 yuan for the toy.-The toy cost him 180 yuan.9. If…, you’ll…Do…, or…If you don't hurry up, you’ll miss the train.Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.10. It is +形容词+of sb. to do sth.Sb. is +形容词to do sth.It is very kind of you to help me with my maths. You are kind to help me with my maths.六、意思相同或相近的句型的替换-What’s the weather like today?- How is the weather today?- What do you think of Shenzhen?-How do you like Shenzhen?七、改写句子专项训练I．同义句或同义词组的替换训练题1．I don't have enough money to buy the dress.=I can't afford (to buy) the dress.2. Lily learned Chinese all by herself.=Lily taught herself English.3. Did you sleep well last night?=Did you have a good sleep last night?4. She lived alone.=She lived by herself/ on her own.5. I said no to him.=I refused him.6. I did my best to study English.=I tried my best to study English.7. I don't know the meaning of this word.=I don’t know what this word means.8. I am going to fly to Beijing next week.=I am going to Beijing by air/plane next week.9. They often go to see a film on Sunday evenings.=They often go to the cinema/ the movies on Sunday evening.10. Which sport are you in today?=Which sport do you take part in today?11. He usually goes to work by bike.=He usually rides to work.12. I won’t do it again.=I am not going to do it any more.13. He is a Russian.=He is from Russia.14. He is looking for his pen everywhere?=He is trying to find his pen here and there.15. The man reached Beijing yesterday.=The man arrived in Beijing yesterday.16. Every day, Yao Ming receives letters from thousands of baketball fans.=Every day, Y ao Ming hears from thousands of basketball fans.17.The foreigners have visited the Great Wall.=The foreigners have been to the Great Wall.18. Mr. Brown left London six years ago.=Mr. Brown has been away from London for six years.=It is six years since Mr. Brown left London.19. Mr. Smith is working.=Mr. Smith is at work.20. Lin Feng is weak in English.==Lin Feng is bad at English.==Lin Feng isn’t good at English.21. The boy will be OK if I do one small operation on him.=The boy will be all right if I do one small operation on him.22. Jim rang you up a moment ago.=Jim called you just now.=Jim made a phone call to you just now.23. They are playing football now.=They are playing football at the moment.24. Did your parents have a good time in Shenzhen?=Did your parents enjoy themselves in Shenzhen?25. Jane prefers English to maths.=Jane likes English better than maths.26. The Smiths flew to London for their holiday yesterday afternoon.=The smiths left for London by air for their holiday yesterday afternoon.27.Jim went to see me last week.=Jim visited me last week.28. The nurse looks after the baby carefully.=The nurse takes care of the baby carefully.29. Can you look after my dogs when I’m away?=Can you take care of my dogs when I’m not here /at home?30. The boy wanted a little milk to drink.=The boy needed a little milk to drink.=The boy wanted to drink a little milk.31. Mother was busy with some housework when I got home.=Mother was busy doing some housework when I got home.32. The boy’s teacher was very proud of him.=The boy’s teacher took pride in him.=The boy was the pride of his teacher.33. He couldn't fall asleep all night.=He wasn’t able to go to sleep all night.34. My mother went to Guangzhou last week, and she is there now.=My mother has been in Guangzhou since last week.35. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.=The children are in beautiful clothes.II.反义词或反义词组训练1. Her parents haven’t written to their daughter for a long time.=The daughter hasn’t heard from her parents for a long time.2. Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.=Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.3. I think it is different from Chinese names.=I don’t think it is the same as Chinese names.4. If you don't hurry up, you’ll miss the early bus.=Hurry up, and you’ll catch the early bus.5. Can I borrow a knife from you?=Can you lend a knife to me?=Can you lend me a knife?6. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race.=The runner fell behind the others in the race.7. He can't hear anything.=He can hear nothing.8. The station is near the bus stop.=The station is not far from the bus stop.9. They knew something about it only after you told them.=They knew nothing about it before you told them. 10. The tree is behind the house.==The house is in front of the tree.11. Summer comes after spring.=Spring comes before summer.12. I think he is wrong.=I don’t think he is right.13. Remember me to your parents.=Don’t forget me to your parents.=Give my regards to your parents.14. May I borrow your bike?=Can you lend your bike to me?15. My computer is not the same as yours.=My computer is different from yours.16. Lily didn't go to school yesterday, Lucy didn't go to school, either.=Neither Lily nor Lucy went to school yesterday.III.形容词、副词比较级的训练题1．The earth is bigger than the moon.=The moon is smaller than the earth.2. Jim is not so careful as Bob.=Jim is more careless than Bob.=Bob is more careful than Jim.3. Jim runs faster than any other student in his class. =Jim runs the fastest in his class.4. I don't think history is as interesting as art.=I think history is less interesting as art.=I think art is more interesting as history.5 .Jim runs faster than the other students in his class. =Jim runs the fastest in his class.=Jim runs faster than any other student in his class.IV. 合并句子训练题1 . I don't want any meat. I want some vegetables.=I want some vegetables instead of meat.2 . This shirt doesn't look nice. That shirt doesn't look nice, either.=Neither of these two shirts looks nice.3. He hasn't been to France. She hasn't been to France, either.=Neither she nor she has been to France.4 . The old woman was angry. She couldn't say a word.=The woman was too angry to say a word.=The woman was so angry that she couldn’t say a word.5 . Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann.=Both Jane and Ann like English better than maths. 6. I am a League member. He is a League member, too. =Both he and I are League members.7 . She is very short. She can't reach the apples on the tree.=She is too short to reach the apples on the tree.=She is so short that she can’t reach the apples on the tree.8 . The room isn't very big. It can't hold a lot of people.=The room is not big enough to hold a lot of people. 9. I don't know Russian. He doesn't know Russian, either.=Neither he nor I knows Russian.10. The hat is too big for me, and that one is too small for me.=The two hats are either too big or too small for me.11. We can't finish the work if you don't help us.=We can’t finish the work without your help.12. Hurry up, or we’ll miss th e early bus.=If we don’t hurry, we won’t catch up with the early bus.1 3 . You may answer my question in English, or you may answer it in Chinese.=You may answer my question either in English or in Chinese.1 4 . Mr. White is a teacher. He is also a musician.=Mr. White is not only a teacher, but also a musician.1 5 . He was very careful in the exam. Then he made few mistakes.=He was so careful in the exam that he didn’t make any mistakes.1 6 . He’s too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.1 7 . When he was young, he could not read. And he could not write, either.=He could neither read nor write when he was young.1 8 . He heard a boy crying for help outside, then he rushed out of the room.=He rushed out of the room as soon as he heard a boy shouting for help outside.1 9 . I have something to tell you. It’s interesting.=I have something interesting to tell you.2 0. Her father can't help her with her lessons, and her mother can't , either.=Neither her father nor her mother can help her with her lessons.V. 单句与复句的互换训练题1. I don’t know what I should say at the meeting.=I don’t know what to say at the meeting.2. Lucy took a basket and went out of the house.=Lucy went out of the house with a basket.3. Could you tell me how to get to the post office?=Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?4. The teacher told us that we would not meet at the school gate.=The teacher told us not to meet at the school gate.5. He told me that I should not make any noise in the library.=He told me not to make any noise in the library.VI．意思相同或相近的句型的替换训练题1．How do you like our city?=What do you think of our city?2. How is the weather today?=What’s the weather like today?3. What’s wrong with you?=What’s the matter with you?4. It is time for class.=It is time to have class.5. What a cold day it is today!=How cold it is today!6. He went to bed after his father came back.=He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.=He didn’t go to bed before his father came back.7. Lucy gave Jim the flower at once when she got it. =Lucy gave the flower to Jim as soon as she got it. 8. Mr. Smith has been in China for over ten years.=It is more than ten years since Mr. Smith came to China.9. It took me three hours to finish writing the article. =I spent three hours finishing writing the article.10. I paid over 100 yuan for this dictionary.=I spent 100 yuan on the dictionary.=The dictionary cost me 100 yuan.11. He bought the book two weeks ago.=He has had the book for two weeks.=It is two weeks since he bought the book.12. He can finish the work easily.=It is easy for him to finish the work.13. It’s good for your health to take exercise often.=To take exercise often is good for your health.14. Not all of the people in the USA are rich.=Only some of the people in the USA are rich.15. Maybe they will tidy the garden today.=They may tidy the garden today.16. What’s wrong with you?=What’s the matter with you?17. We had a good time at the party.=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.18. We got to the school at half past seven.=We arrived at school at half past seven.19. Why don’t you do it by yourself?=Why not do it on your own?20. When he was ten years old, the boy died.=The boy died at the age of ten.21. He is as tall as I .=He is the same height as I .22. I spent 60 yuan (in) buying the ticket.=I paid 60 yuan for the ticket.23. Thank you very much for your coming.=It is very kind of you of you to come here.24. I found the film was interesting.=I found the film interesting.25. The teacher told the students that they should not play in the street.=The teacher told the students not to play in the street.26. She didn’t go to work because she was ill.=She didn’t go to work because of his illness.=She was ill, so she didn’t go to work.27. The box is too heavy for me to carry.=The box is not light enough for me to carry.=The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.28. The boy is only ten, but he speaks English very well.=Although the boy is only ten, he speaks English very well.29. There are three buildings in the school.=The school has three buildings30. The leaves became yellow.=The leaves turned yellow.31. Don’t forget me to your parents.=Remember me to your parents.32. You are right to do so.=It’s right for you to do so.33. We had a good time.=We enjoyed ourselves.34. He plays tennis well. She plays it well, too.=Both he and she play tennis well.35. I don’t speak Japanese and he doesn’t speakJapanese, either.Neither he nor I speak Japanese.36. He did not go until night.He left at night.37. I was too excited to go to sleep.I was so excited that I couldn’t go to sleep.38. If you don’t get up early, you’ll be late.Get up early, or you’ll be late.39. I forgot I had locked the door.I forgot locking the door.40. He paid 20 dollars for the dictionary.-He spent 20 dollars on the dictionary.-The dictionary cost him 20 dollars.41. English is not so difficult as maths.-English is less difficult than maths.-Maths is more difficult than English.42. It’s dangerous to climb that tall tree.To climb that tall tree is not safe.43. Miss Zhao went to look after the man hurriedly. -Miss Zhao went to take care of the man in a hurry.44. The snow was heavy last night.It snowed heavily last night.45. How old are you?What is your age?46. Our teacher left the lab after he had got everything ready.Our teacher didn’t leave the lab until he had got everything ready.47. It took us two days to prepare for the English evening.We spent two days getting ready for the English evening.48. We came home when it was six o’clock.We came home at six o’clock.49. The dictionary cost me 106 yuan.I paid 106 yuan for the dictionary.50. He went on reading the book.-He didn’t stop reading the book.。

中考近义词知识点总结一、形容词的近义词1. big ── large, huge, enormous2. small ── little, tiny, minuscule3. good ── great, excellent, superb4. bad ── terrible, awful, horrible5. beautiful ── lovely, gorgeous, stunning6. ugly ── unattractive, hideous, grotesque7. happy ── joyful, cheerful, delighted8. sad ── unhappy, sorrowful, miserable9. hot ── warm, boiling, scorching10. cold ── cool, chilly, freezing二、动词的近义词1. say ── speak, talk, utter2. go ── walk, run, travel3. eat ── consume, devour, munch4. drink ── sip, gulp, imbibe5. look ── see, watch, observe6. hear ── listen, eavesdrop, overhear7. laugh ── chuckle, giggle, snicker8. cry ── weep, sob, whimper9. sleep ── nap, doze, slumber10. work ── labor, toil, strive三、副词的近义词1. very ── extremely, exceedi ngly, highly2. quickly ── rapidly, swiftly, speedily3. slowly ── gradually, leisurely, sluggishly4. beautifully ── elegantly, exquisitely, gracefully5. loudly ── noisily, boisterously, clamorously6. clearly ── distinctly, plainly, clearly7. fast ── swiftly, speedily, rapidly8. hard ── diligently, laboriously, strenuously9. well ── ably, competently, skillfully10. badly ── poorly, incompetently, poorly四、名词的近义词1. car ── automobile, vehicle, car2. house ── home, residence, dwelling3. friend ── pa l, buddy, mate4. money ── currency, cash, funds5. problem ── issue, dilemma, predicament6. job ── occupation, profession, career7. parent ── mother/father, guardian, caregiver8. child ── kid, offspring, youngster9. book ── novel, tome, volume10. foo d ── cuisine, fare, sustenance五、介词的近义词1. in ── inside, within, indoors2. on ── upon, atop, on top of3. under ── beneath, below, underneath4. over ── above, on top of, beyond5. to ── toward, towards, into6. from ── off, out of, away from7. with ── together with, along with, in the company of8. for ── in exchange for, in return for, to9. at ── in, on, within10. by ── through, via, with六、连词的近义词1. and ── also, in addition, furthermore2. but ── however, nevertheless, yet3. or ── alternatively, otherwise, else4. so ── therefore, thus, hence5. if ── whether, in case, provided6. because ── since, as, for7. while ── whilst, whereas, although8. although ── though, even though, despite9. as ── like, similar to, in the same way as10. when ── as, at the time that, while总之，掌握近义词的知识对于中考英语考试是至关重要的。

英语中考同义词组整理一、初中常用英语同义词组归纳：1. arrive in/at=get to=reachI arrived at the airport at 10.=I reach the airport at 10.注意这里不能用arrive in2. be fine=be well=be OK I’m fine=I’m well.=I’m OK.3. be from=come from He is from China.=He comes from China.4. be in=be at homeHe is in.=He is at home.同理:be out= be not at home5. be full of=be filled withThe bottle is full of orange.=The bottle is filled with orange.6. be late for=come late forI ’m sorry, I’m late for the meeting.=I’m sorry, I come late for the meeting.7. be on a visit to= visit He is on a visit to China.= He is visiting China8. be able to=canHe was able to ride a bike at the age of 5.=He could ride a bike when he was 5.9. be away=be out=be not at home 10. be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth.He is busy doing his homework.=He is busy with his homework.11. be pleased=be glad=be happyThe coach was pleased with their performance.=The coach was glad with their performance.=The coach was happy with their performance.13. be up=get up Be up, Tom!=Get up, Tom.14. catch up with=keep up withI can catch up with others.=I can keep up with others.15. catch a bus=take a busCan I catch a bus?/Can I take a bus?16. catch a cold=have a cold Oh, no! You’ve caught a cold.=Oh, no! You’ve had a cold.17. come into=step intoHe came into the classroom.=He stepped into the classroom18. come down=get down Come down! That’s dangerous.=Get down! That’s dangerous.19. do well in=be good atHe does well in swimming.=He is good at swimming.20. do the shopping=go shopping I’ll do the shopping.=I’ll go shopping.21. drop off=get off22. enjoy doing sth.=like doing sth. I enjoy reading.=I like reading.23. have a good time=enjoy oneselfWe had a good time at the party.=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.24. fall down VS fall off I fell down. / I fell off the bike.25. get the telephone=answer the telephoneI got the telephone.= I answered the telephone.27. give sb.the message=give the message to sb.28. give sb. a talk=give a talk to sb.29. give a concert=have a concert They gave a concert.=They had a concert.30. get on well with sb.=be good toI got on well with my neighbors=I’m good to my neighbors.31. give…a call=give…a ring ring up=call sbI gave a call to you.=I give you a ring.32. go for a swim=go swimming36. go to sleep=get to sleep=fall asleep37. have a look (at)=look at40. hear from=receive a letter from=have a letter from=get a letter from41. help sb with sth=help sb (to) do sth42. hold a meeting=have a meeting43. hold on=wait a minute44. hurry up=be quick48. look out=be careful=watch out50. m ake up one’s mind to do=make a decision to do =decide to do51. pay for=spend on52. prefer…to=like better than54. send for sb=ask sb to come56. take care of=look after=care for57. take exercise=do sports60. teach oneself=learn all by oneself63. walk on=go on64. walk to=go to …on foot68. a lot=very much69. a quarter past two=two fifteen70. at times=sometimes71. at last=in the end=finally72. a bit=a little73. a moment ago=just now74. at once=right now =immediately = right away75. at noon=in the middle of a day76. at that moment=at that time=just then77. at the moment=at the same time78. at the doctor’s=in the doctor’s office79. all over the world=across the world=around the world=in the world80. a moment later=later on81. after a while=a moment later82. as soon as possible=as quick as I can84. in line=in a queue85. in the southern part of=in the south of Northern China=the north of China86. in the day=in the daytime88. more than=over89. no longer=not…any longer=no more=not any more90. not far from=near=close to=next to92. of course=certainly93. plenty of=quite a few=a lot of=lots of=large number of=a great many of=a good deal of94. two and a half years=two years and a half二、及时练习从每小题四个选项中找出与句中划线部分意思相同或相近的一项( )1、I don't think Germany will win this World Cup four months from now.A 、after four monthsB 、next seasonC 、in four monthsD 、a season later( )2、Look , that beautiful girl is wearing a colorful skirt.A 、is dressingB 、is dressing upC 、is putting onD 、is in( )3、I'm much too busy now. Could you give me a hand ,please?A 、help meB 、push meC 、let me have a restD 、do anything for me( )4、We will have lots of robots to help us in the future.A 、a fewB 、a littleC 、manyD 、much( )5、The man is doing something simple over and over again, but he doesn't feel bored.A 、all the timeB 、time and time againC 、all the sameD 、all day and all night( )6、My cousin is the same age as me ,and we get on well.A 、has the same birthday asB 、looks the same as meC 、is as old asD 、is as tall as( )7、Alice Green loves playing volleyball ,and she wants to join her school volleyball team.A 、take part inB 、become a member ofC 、get inD 、return to( )8、When did the student's father call you up ,Mr. Li?A 、came to visit youB 、talk with youC 、complain toD 、give a phone to you( )9、The girl wears an original skirt today .Her best friend wears the same style skirt ,as well.A 、alsoB 、tooC 、eitherD 、as hers( )10、－Eve ,You don't look good today . What's wrong?－My class mate ,Anna argued with me for my haircut .She said I shouldn't have the same haircut as she does .A 、what's the matterB 、What's troubleC 、How is it goingD 、Did you do wrong( )11、What was the girl doing when the alien arrived at the museum ?A 、walked aroundB 、followed toC 、reached inD 、got to( )12、Life is strange .We don't know what will happen at times .A 、sometimeB 、sometimesC 、as wellD 、one day( )13、Mrs. Taylor's children don't often follows her when she goes shopping .A 、walks aroundB 、cares forC 、run in front ofD 、goes after( )14、Davy didn't talk to his friend after they had a fight .A 、hear aboutB 、say toC 、speak toD 、call up( )15、Nie Haisheng and Fei Junolng are very famous all over the world .A. everywhere in the world B 、in the modern timesC 、for the first timeD 、to all the people on the earth( )16、The doctor said that I would be fine after the medicine .A 、goodB 、wellC 、rightD 、nice( )17、Yang Lei and other graduates decided to teach in the western rural areas of China and their parent agreed with them .A 、supportedB 、didn't allow …toC 、were mad atD 、said "yes" to( )18、My son is good at all kinds of sports and he is very athletic .A 、is fond ofB 、is interested inC 、does well inD 、enjoys and does( )19、When you meet your teachers you are supposed to say "Hi" to them .A 、shouldB 、have toC 、are able toD 、are hoped to( )20、Young people today need to experience different things .Luckily ,some young volunteers accepted the idea .A 、For exampleB 、FortunatelyC 、ReallyD 、In fact( )21、The boy isn't good at English .He is trying to improve his English all the time this term.A 、work hard on his EnglishB 、stop learning his EnglishC 、practice his English hardD 、make his English better( )22、Some foreigners came to Kunming on April 1st ,2006,and the following day they visited our school .A 、anotherB 、the otherC 、the nextD 、the same( )23、If you go to the school party ,you will have a great time .A 、feel excitedB 、have some funC 、forget something unhappyD 、lose yourself( )24、Though the woman has been to Beijing twice ,she will go there once more in 2008.A 、another timeB 、again and againC 、the second timeD 、at times( )25、Li Yuchun ,Zhang Liangying and other super girls are well-known to the teenagers everywhere in China.A 、of allB 、all overC 、in and our ofD 、most of( )26、She has been doing homework for more than two hours ,and she will finish it in half an hour .A 、aboutB 、aroundC 、overD 、nearly( )27、There are several beautiful snow globes on the bookcase .They are mine .A 、a fewB 、a lot ofC 、a littleD 、many( )28、Last Saturday twelve persons from other countries came to our school.A 、collectorsB 、writersC 、foreignersD 、visitors( )29、Do you often help raise money for charity on your day off ?A 、makeB 、collectC 、storeD 、save( )30、Lu Ling started to skate at eight o 'clock and had been skating for three and a half hours .A 、three hours and a quarterB 、half of three hoursC 、three hours and a halfD 、a quarter of day( )31、－Sarah ,would you mind doing the dishes ? －No ,not at all .I'll do it in a minute .A 、first of allB 、just nowC 、right awayD 、in future( )32、Harris won't join us in picking up litter tomorrow .She changed her mind last night .A 、wordB 、meaningC 、planD 、idea( )33、My mother is in Xi'an .She will return in three days .A 、reachB 、arriveC 、get backD 、drop( )34、－I'm sorry ,Tom .I took your pen yesterday .Now I return it to you . －No problem.A 、Don't mindB 、That's allC 、Don't be so politeD 、That's nothing( )35、－Would you mind not wearing those old jeans ? They look terrible.－Ok. I'll put on another pair .A 、Why don't you wearB 、Could you please don't wearC 、What do you think of wearingD 、Could you please not wear( )36、Don't be worried about me ,Mother and Father ,I can look after myself at school .A 、think aboutB 、take care ofC 、get along withD 、do anything well( )37、Some presents are never too small .A 、souvenirsB 、giftC 、cardsD 、gifts( )38、He can sing a number of English songs .A 、muchB 、manyC 、a lotD 、a few( )39、Why are you mad at me ?A 、worried aboutB 、excited aboutC 、crazy aboutD 、angry with( )40、Now we are too young to make a living .We have to depend on our parents .A 、aren't too old toB 、aren't old enough toC 、crazy aboutD 、angry( )42、The children are going to see an exciting film on June 1st.A 、matchB 、movieC 、gameD 、amusement( )43、About three quarters of the population in Singapore are Chinese.A、three fourthsB、mostC、a numberD、half( )44、It's said the temperature in Singapore is almost the same all year round.A、all the timeB、everywhereC、from the beginning of year to endD、these years ( )45、－I've never been to Fun Times Amusement Park .What about you ?－Me neither .Why don't we go there today ?A、So do IB、I don't, eitherC、Neither have ID、I have neither( )46、－Let's go to the Color Sand Forest ,shall we ?－That's excellent ! I hear it's an exciting place.A、That's rightB、I'm glad toC、SureD、Good idea( )47、The children had a great time this Children's Day ,didn't they?A、largeB、unhappyC、hardD、wonderful( )48、When you cross the street ,you must be careful .A、throughB、passC、go longD、go across。

初中英语首字母填空常混淆近义词1.ability n.能力，本领，技巧to do sth。

capability n.才能，可能性，性能to do/of doing sth。

capacity n.容量，潜育. 智能to do/for doing sth。

2.able adj.能干的，有能力的to do sth。

capable adj.能胜任的，有可能的of doing sth。

competent adj.能胜任的，（知识技术）过硬的~ to do/for sth。

qualified adj.符合资格/条件的for sth./in doing sth。

3.absence n.缺席，不在，缺乏（证据，理由）lack n.缺少，没有（信心，经验）want n.需要，缺乏（知识，关心）4.accept vt.接受（可拒绝）receive vt.（无法拒绝地）收到5.accident n.意外事故，灾祸incident n.事件，事变，（政治）事端event n.大事，重大事件occurrence n.偶然发生之事6.accomplish vt.完成achieve vt.获得（成就）attain vt.达到（目标）7.accordingly adv.（自然而平常的因果）于是，据此consequently adv.（未必必然之）结果，因此（=as a result） hence adv.（为强调前因之）因而，所以，这样（thus）therefore adv.（作为必然结果 /结论）因此（because of this）8.accurate adj.（话、计算等）准确,精确的exact adj.（数字、细节）与事实/标准相符的，确切的precise adj.精确严密的，严谨无误的9.accuse v.控告（sb. of …）charge v.控告（sb. with …）scold v.责备（sb. for …）sentence v.判处徒刑（sb. for …）10.acknowledge v.公开承认（本来否认之事）a secret admit v.不情愿、被迫承认（真实性）a statement confess v.认错，招供（to）; a crime11.adapt vt.使（有能力）适应（新环境、条件） adjust vt.（调整以）适应，调节（机器、仪器） regulate vi.校正，调节（温度、速度）;控制12.adequate adj.（相对于某一标准的）足够的，适当的enough adj.（相对于愿望、要求的）足够的sufficient adj.（相对于实际需要的）足够的，充分的13.adhere vi坚持（原则等to）insist vi 坚持（观点等on, that）persist vi坚持（行动等in） persevere vi.持之以恒stick vi坚持，粘着（原先的立场、主张、承诺等~ to）14.advise v.建议，忠告counsel n. v.（审慎而正式）忠告,顾问15.area n.（与面积相关的）地区，区域region n.（与某天然色、气候相关的）地区，大行政区zone n.（与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的）区district n行政划分的区（比region小），（市内的）区16.affect vt.（直接，有形的；不良的，情感的）影响influence vt.（潜移默化地）影响impact vt.冲击，（巨大地）影响17.aid v.（急需的、经济等方面的）援助assist v.（辅助、次要的）协助，起助手作用help v.（精神、物质上）帮助（以达到某种目的）18.aim n.（军事，体育）目的，目标，明确的奋斗目标goal n.（长期努力的）目标，终点objective n.（具体、直接、很快可达到的）目标，目的purpose n.意图，目的19.allow v.（不加阻止、默许）准许,许可sb. to do, forpermit v.（正式而严肃的）允许，准许sb. to do, doing sth。

初中英语重点同义词、反义词全汇总近义词（词组）again and again 反复地；再三地over and over again 反复；多次重复at present 现在；目前at the moment 现在；此时a lot of 许多；大量a number of 许多；一些a lot 很；非常very much 很；非常a bit/a few 有一点；一会儿/一些；少量（可数）a little 一点；少许（不可数）as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上in fact 事实上；其实at last 最后；终于in the end 最后at the moment 此刻；现在right now 此刻；现在by day 在白天；日间in the day 在白天even if 即使；尽管even though 即使；尽管far from 远离keep away 远离from now on 从今以后；今后in the future 今后from time to time 不时；偶尔once in a while 偶尔；有时answer 回答reply 答复；回答arrive 到达；抵达某地reach 到达；抵达；达到become 变得；成为（强调变的结果）get 变得（强调变的过程）begin 开始start 开始；出发bring 带来；拿来take 拿到；带到call 喊叫；称呼；打电话给……shout 喊；高呼cry 叫喊；哭catch 捉；抓住hold 抓住；拿；握住check 检查；核对examine 检查；诊查discover 发现find 发现；找到draw 绘画；绘制paint 绘画；油漆excuse 原谅pardon 原谅；宽恕enjoy 喜欢；享受……的乐趣like 喜欢love 爱；喜爱fall 落下；跌倒drop （使）落下；（使）滴下get 得到；获得receive 收到；接到finish 结束end 结束complete 结束；完成grow 种植；栽plant 栽种；播种；栽培hit 撞；击中knock 敲；击；打；相撞；碰撞beat 敲打；打败；（心脏等）跳动hold 抑制；止住keep 保存；保持；留住hope 希望want 要；想要；需要wish 希望；愿意；祝愿invite 邀请；招待ask 请（求）；要（求）know 知道；懂得；认识understand 懂得；理解see 领会laugh （大）笑；发笑smile 微笑learn 学；学会study 学习leave 离去；出发start 开始；出发lift 举起；抬起rise 上升；上涨raise （使）升高lose 失去；丢失（尤指失去东西）miss 错过；没看到（尤指失去机会）make 造；制作；使invent 发明；创造create 创造；创作may 可以can 可以；会；能mend 修理repair 修理；修补ride 骑（马；自行车等）drive 驾驶（马车；汽车等）ring 打电话telephone 打电话call 打电话seem 似乎look 显得；看上去shut 关上；封闭close 关；关闭tidy 收拾；整理clean 弄干净；打扫sweep 扫；扫除worry （使）担忧trouble 麻烦；使烦恼write 写copy 抄写；誊写all 所有的whole 整个的alone 单独是；孤独的lonely 孤独的；寂寞的beautiful 美丽的；优美的pretty 漂亮的；美丽的fine 美好的；好看的big 大的large 大的；巨大的great 伟大的；重大的black 黑色的dark 黑暗的clever 聪明的；伶俐的smart 灵巧的；伶俐的wise 聪明的close 近的；靠近的near 近的；邻近的common 普通的；一般的popular 大众的；通俗的correct 正确的；对的right 对的；正确的crazy 疯狂的mad 发疯的；生气的dear 昂贵的expensive 昂贵的difficult 难的；困难的hard 困难的；硬的fair 公平的；合理的just 公正的；公平的famous 著名的well-know 出名的few 很少little 少的final 最后的；终极的last 最后的；最末的glad 高兴的；乐意的happy 快乐的；幸福的pleasant 愉快的；快乐的good 好的fine （天气）好的；美好的nice 好的；好看的wonderful 极好的；精彩的ill 有病的；不健康的sick 有病的；患病的kind 和蔼的；友爱的friendly 友好的；友谊的many 许多much 许多private 私人的personal 私人的；个人的fast 快的rapid 快的；迅速的quick 快的；迅速的sad 难过的；悲哀的sorry 难过的；对不起的short 短的；矮的low 低的；矮的silent 无声的quiet 安静的；寂静的silly 愚蠢的；傻的stupid 愚蠢的；笨的simple 简单的；简易的easy 容易的；不费力的small 小的little 小的sunny 晴朗的；阳光充足的fine 美好的；（天气）好的tall 高的high 高的tidy 整洁的；整齐的clean 清洁的；干净的true 真实的real 真实的；确实的useful 有用的；有益的helpful 有帮助的；有益的warn 暖和的；温暖的hot 热的well 身体好的fine 身体好的wonderful 美妙的；精彩的excellent 极好的；优秀的perfect 极好的；完美的ago 以前before 在……前almost 几乎；差不多nearly 将近；几乎about 大约；左右aloud 大声地loudly 大声地around 在周围；在附近round 在周围，到处down 向下below 在正面；向下fast 快（指速度）quickly 快；迅速地（指动作）often 常常；经常usually 通常；经常always 总是；一直out 出外；在外outside 向外面；在外面perhaps 也许；可能maybe 或许；大概probably 或许；很可能possibly 或许；也许right 正好；恰恰；对的just 正好；恰好；刚才if 是否；如果whether 是否when 当……时候while 当……时候；和……同时反义词（词组）all 全部；全体none 一个也没有；没有任何东西both 两个（人；……）都neither （两者）都不everybody 每个人nobody 没有人everything 每件事；一切nothing 没有事情；没有东西this 这；这个that 那；那个these 这些those 那些accept 接受refuse 拒绝；不愿agree 同意refuse/disagree 拒绝/不同意ask 问answer 回答begin 开始end/finish 结束borrow 借；把……借入lend 把…...借给break 打破mend/repair 修理buy 买sell 卖catch 赶上miss 错过cover 遮盖；掩盖discover 发现close 关open 开come 来go 去cry 哭laugh 笑die 死live 活fall 落下；降落raise （使）升高find 找到lose 丢失forget 忘记remember 记得get 得到lose 失去hate 憎恨love 爱learn/study 学；学会teach 教leave 离去arrive/reach 到达pass 通过（考试）fail 失败；不及格play 玩work 工作pull 拉push 推rest 休息work 工作return 归还borrow 借rise 上升；上涨drop 掉下；落下save 节省waste 浪费send 发送；寄出receive 收到sit 坐stand 站sleep 睡着wake 醒来stay 停留；逗留leave 离开start 开始finish/end 结束stop 停止start 开始succeed 成功fail 失败take 带去；拿去bring 带来；拿来take 拿走；接受；获得give 给予win 赢得lose 失败。

1优势：Advantage, merit(功勋，长处）, virtue（美德，贞操，优点）, benefit, upside, strength，ascendency（优势，优越）, ascendent（幸运星，优势）, dominance（支配地位，优势）, predominance（主导地位，优势）,preponderance(数量上的优势）, superiority（优越性，盛气凌人的行为）.2 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness,defect, fault, flaw, imperfection, blemish ，shortcoming.3解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle4损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize5给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford,confer.6培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster, nurture.7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle，confuse8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Consider, reckon, think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced，10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve, safeguard.11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental,deleterious(传说这个单词经验最高）13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away，eradicate15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：Wherefore,so, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to,level to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Affect,influence, impact, effect,28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear，transparent。

中考英语常用的近义词有很多，以下是一些例子：No.1 happen, take place二者都有“发生”的意思。

happen指事情的发生，往往带有“偶然”的意思。

如：It happens that I am free today.恰好今天我没有事。

take place指事先安排或策划好而后发生，没有“偶然”的意思。

No.2 must, have tomust表示说话人的主观看法；have to则表示客观需要。

mustn't意为“不可以；不允许”；don't have to意为“不必”。

如：① My father had to work when he was ten years old.① The play is not interesting. I really must go now.No.3 arrive, reach, get to三者都有“到达”之意。

reach为及物动词。

They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他们到达天津。

arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词in或at。

get to常用于口语，可代替前二者。

No.4 because, because of二者均表示“因为”。

because是连词，引导状语从句。

We stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨，我们呆在家。

because of是短语介词，后面接名词性词语。

We stayed at home because of the rain.因为下雨，我们呆在家。

No.5 in front of, in the front ofin front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。

如：He walked in front of me.他走在我的前面。

There are some flowers in front of the house.房子前面有些花卉。

九年级英语总复习同、近义词（短语）一、动词reach = get to = arrive in(at) 到达return = come back = get back 回来；返回return = give back 归还be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕be worried about = be anxious about 担心be famous for = be well-known for 因……而出名be good at = do well in 擅长；在……方面好be weak in = do badly in 在……方面差be able to = can 能be worth = cost 值be careful = look out 小心；当心；留神be away = leave 离开be in = be at home 在家be out = be not at home 在外面；不在家be from = come from 来自be full of = be filled with 充满；装满enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 玩得高兴look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看；照料look like = look the same as 看起来像……一样take after = be similar to 与……相像see sb off = say goodbye to sb 告别ring up = call up 打电话给……give sb a call = make a call to sb 给某人打电话do sports = play sports = take sports 做运动help sb = give sb a hand 帮助某人hands up = put up one’s hand 举手hand out = give out 分发；发放get up = be up 起床get down = come down 下来get to sleep = fall asleep 入睡get lost = can’t find the way 迷路send for sb = ask sb to come 派人去请have a rest = have a break 休息一会have a swim = go swimming 游泳go shopping = do some shopping 去购物must = have to 必须；不得不come on = hurry up 快点come up with = think up 想出；提出（主意；计划）run away = escape = flee 逃跑deal with = do with 处理get on well with = get along well with 与……相处融洽give up = stop doing sth 放弃take a test = have a test 进行一次测试take a vacation = have a vacation 度假take a walk = have a walk 散步wear = be in 穿着belong to = be owned by 属于use up = run out of 耗尽；用完happen = take place 发生chase = run after 追逐；追赶remind sb of = make sb remember 使某人记起（想起）should = be supposed to 应该做某事；被期望做某事cheer up = make sb happier 使高兴起来give sb sth = provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物believe in = trust 信任；相信want = would like = feel like 想要answer = reply 回答give sb a ride = pick up sb 让某人搭便车drop in = visit 访问；拜访be different from = be not the same as 与……不同be angry with = be annoyed with = be mad at生…的气be healthy = be in good health 身体健康appear = show up 露面；出现spend…on = pay…for 在……上花费learn…by oneself = teach oneself 自学die = lose one’s life 死；丧生play a joke on sb = make fun of sb 开某人玩笑prefer…to…= like…better than…比起…更喜欢…regard…as = treat…as 把……看作set up = establish = start 建立；设立；开办mend = repair = fix up 修理；修补begin = start 开始finish = complete 完成make = produce 生产；制造have = own 拥有wash clothes=do some washing=do the laundry 洗衣服do chores = do the housework 做家务drop = fall 落下hear from = get ( receive ) a letter from 收到…的来信try one’s best = do one’s best 尽力sink = go down 下沉take pride in = be proud of 以…而感到自豪（骄傲）oversleep = sleep late 睡过头二、形容词、副词anxious = worried 担心的；焦虑的famous = well-known 著名的；出名的happy = pleased = glad 高兴的clever = smart = bright 聪明的amazed = surprised 惊奇的；惊异的exhausted = very tiredexpensive = dear 贵的；昂贵的sad = unhappy 难过的；伤心的；悲哀的used = second-hand 用过的；二手的silly = foolish 愚蠢的pleasant = enjoyable 愉快的special = unusual 特别的；不一般的rude = impolite 粗鲁的；无礼的tiny = very small 极小的enormous = huge = large = very big 巨大的ill = sick 病的difficult = hard 困难的maybe = perhaps 也许；或许mainly = mostly 主要地unluckily = unfortunately 不幸三、其他always = all the time 一直；总是all over = around 遍及all over the world = around the world 全世界at once = right away = in a minute 立刻；马上at first = first of all = at the beginning 起先；起初at last = in the end = finally 最后；终于sometimes = at times 有时no longer = not……any more 不再；已不more than = over 超过；多于less than = no more than 少于more or less = about 差不多for example = for instance 例如at the moment=at present=right now = now 现在；目前a moment ago = just now 刚才one day = some day 有一天so far = up to now 迄今为止；到目前为止a lot of=lots of=a number of=plenty of=many=much许多a little = a bit 一点a few = several = some 一些；几个；若干by oneself = alone 独自；单独what about = how about ……怎么样first name = given name 名字last name = family name 姓氏on show = on display 展览next to = beside 紧挨着；靠近thanks to = because of 幸亏；多亏；由于by air = by plane 乘飞机by sea = by ship = by boat 乘船quickly = in a hurry 匆忙地actually = in fact = to be honest 说实在的；实际上hardly = almost not 几乎不not……in the slightest = not……at all 根本不by accident = by chance 意外；偶然sure = certainly = of course 当然around = about 大约kind of = a little 有点；有几分idea = mind 主意；观点photo = picture 照片way = method 方法garbage = litter = rubbish = trash 垃圾adult = grow-up 成年人gift = present 礼物opportunity = chance 机会。