火工校正规程

  • 格式:pdf
  • 大小:128.27 KB
  • 文档页数:5

1范围scope本文件规定了钢质船舶建造过程中火工矫正的基本技术,本文件适用于一般强度船用结构钢和高强度船用结构钢The guideline covers requirements for fairing with heating process and is intended to be used for normal tensile strength steel and high tensile strength steel.2 职责Responsibility2.1 从事火工矫正的工人在操作前必须经过系统的培训,掌握火工矫正的操作要领。

The worker employed for fairing with heating process must systemic trained and completely understand the key points of this process.2.2 操作时必须认真调节火焰,严格控制加热温度,防止母材表面过烧。

The flame to be adjusted carefully and heating temperature controlled strictly to avoid the over heating on steel surface.3 施工前准备preparation3.1 施工者在施工前应准备好加热工具,冷却工具和护具等。

Equipment for heating and cooling as well as personal safety equipment to be prepared and confirmed at working condition before the work started.3.2 施工者在施工前应明确矫正点。

Operator should aware the zone to be faired before starting the fairing.3.3 施工者在施工前应了解施工处的情况,防止积水或流水污染已做好的边缘准备。

To prevent the water accumulation on board or wet the fitted bevel surface, the operator should discover the working environment and prepare the solution before work started.4、变形的矫正方法Fairing method4.1圆点加热矫正法 Point heating一般用在板型结构变形区域如上层建筑的围壁,其工具采用氧-乙炔焰炬,用氧-乙炔焰炬在被矫正的部位作圆环状游动,均匀地加热,使加热区成圆点形如图所示,加热温度为7800C-8000C。

当火圈呈樱红色时,立即用木槌或铁锤敲火圈周围。

若是薄板,其背面应撑以铁垫,以防止火圈区域积聚皱折,随着火圈颜色的渐暗淡,锤击也渐轻渐缓。

锤击中心也渐由火圈外围移至火圈区域,直到火圈成黑色,温度约为2000C-3500C,即停止锤击。

在该温度范围内,钢材处于蓝脆区,若锤击易产生裂纹,待冷却至10—150C时,复行锤击。

This method mainly used to fair the deformation on thin accommodation panel. To improve the fairing result, hammering is also as necessary follow heating.4.2线状加热法Line heating。

加热区呈线状如图所示。

This method can be used for fair the angle deformation on sub-assembly panel and block. The heating is been done along the direction of inner member,see fig4.3十字状加热法Crossing heating。

其加热区呈十字形,如图所示Heating zone is crossing,see fig。

一般用于对接焊缝变形的矫正。

此条形加热的条形与焊缝斜角成350-450,加热长度在100-150mm。

该方法适用于12mm以下的板。

This method is applicable for the angle deformation in way of butt weld, the angle between the heating strip and weld is about 350-450。

4.4格子状加热法net heating。

其加热区呈格子形,如图所示。

Heating zone is crossing,see fig,此方法适用于大变形的场合,但必须注意切勿矫正过头。

The method is mainly used for the extreme deformation,but should be very careful with the deformation become reverse.4.5放射性加热法。

Actinomorphic heating。

其加热区呈放射形,如图所示。

Heating zone is Actinomorphic,see fig,此方法用于凸变形,变形凸部中央向各个方向进行短线加热,加热线长度100—150mm。

The mehod is used for the position of protrudent,from4.6三角形加热矫正法。

Trigonometry heating。

Heating zone is Actinomorphic,see fig,三角形加热矫正法其加热区呈三角形,如图所示,一般用于矫正焊接组合件,如T型、I字型、L型截面,以及骨架分段的自由边缘的变形,对构架的矫正通常是在平板矫正以前进行的。

其加热位置总是在构件弯曲凸起的一面,使加热范围在构件中和轴的一侧。

4施工注意事项4.1操作者施工时必须注意加热温度,防止由于加热温度过高而引起母材的损伤,火工矫正时允许的最高温度见表1,为了提高矫正效果,可调整加热带宽度。

Noticed heating temperature when fairing, to avoid the over heating on steel. maximum heating temperature on surface for heat fairing see table 1.表1 火工矫正时的最高加热温度Table 1 Maximum Heating Temperature On Surface For Heat FairingMetal The method ofcooling Maximum Heating TemperatureWater cooling justafter heatingUnder 6500CAir cooling afterheating Under 9000CConventional process AH32-EH32 & AH36-EH36 TCMP typeAH32-EH32 & AH36-EH36 (Ceq.>0.38%) Air cooling andsubsequent watercooling afterheatingunder 9000C (startingtemperature of watercooling to be under 5000C)TMCP typeAH32-DH32 & AH36-DH36 (Ceq.≤ 0.38%)TMCP typeEH32 & EH36(Ceq.≤ 0.38%) Water cooling justafter heating orair coolingWater cooling justafter heating orair coolingunder 1000°Cunder 900°C4.2 为防止钢板加热温度过高将钢板熔化和提高矫正效果,必须按照板厚选择合适的加热嘴流量、加热速度和焰心距离,具体见表2和表3。

Noticed flow rate 、 traveling speed、distance from flame centre to steel surface when fairing, to avoid the over heatingon steel. table 2、3.表2 板厚与加热嘴流量和加热速度的关系 Table 2 The relation between the thickness of plate and Heating flux、heating velocityPlate thickness Flow rate (L/h) Traveling speed(mm/min)3-4.5 500 800-15005-8 1000 700-10009-12 1600 500-100013-16 2000 400-80017-22 2500 350-80023-28 3150 300-50029 3500以上 250-500表3 板厚与焰心距离Table 3 Relation between steel plate thickness and distance from flame centre to steel surface钢板厚度 3-4.5 5-8 10-14 16-22 24-28 30 焰心距离 -2-0 0 0-3 3-4 4-5 6-104.3 矫正时应尽量避免在同一点上再次加热,一般强度船用结构钢,同一位置最多允许加热5次4.4 要避免在结构突变处进行火工矫正。

4.5 分段矫正时,首先应矫正刚性大的结构。

First faired strongly rigidity number when fairing block.4.6 板架矫正时,先矫正构架,后矫正板。

First faired number secondly fair plate When fairing Sub-assembly section4.7 构件矫正时,应对称进行,以避免引起总的变形。

symmetricalfaired when fairing member4.8 矫正厚板时,火焰宜采用中性焰,加热时要将焊炬不断流动。

矫正薄板时可使用氧化焰,并做快速移动。