宾语从句专题复习(直接引语变间接引语)

高考英语专题之干脆引语变间接引语状元必读1. 本讲课程涉及的学问点在高考考试大纲中对应的考点为宾语从句；2. 该考点详细到考核目标与要求为五级学问点；3. 该考点常出现在单项选择题和完形填空中，大体分值为2—3分。

专家点拨一、学问精讲（一）句型改变1. 干脆引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时：在多数状况下，都构成一个由that引导的宾语从句（that在口语中常省略），引述动词通常是say和tell。

【例句】“I’ll go to meet my mother at the airport,” Tom said.→Tom told me that he would meet his mother at the airport.“I haven’t finished reading this book,” Tom said.→Tom said that he hadn’t finished reading that book.2. 干脆引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时：（1）干脆引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句，其主句动词常用ask。

【例句】“Do you go to school by bike?” Tom asked Mary.→Tom asked Mary if/whether she went to school by bike.Tom said, “Have you been to Japan before, Mary?”→Tom asked Mary if/ whether she had been to Japan before.状元典例He asked _______ I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.A. ifB. howC. whatD. that答案：A思路分析：考查宾语从句的关系词。

由于主句动词是asked，则从句肯定是问句，依据句意“他问我发音上是否有困难”可知选A。

直接引语变间接引语（带练习和答案）直接引语和间接引语直接引语就是直接引⽤别⼈的话。

间接引语就是⽤⾃⼰的话转述别⼈的话。

间接引语多为宾语从句。

1. 直接引语变间接引语的⽅法(1) 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

(that可省略)She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”→She said (that) their bus would arrive in five minutes.(2) 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或⼀般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。

(宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）He said, “Can you swim, John”→ He asked John if he could swim.“You have finished the homework, haven’t you” my mother asked.→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.He asked, “Do you go to school by bus or by bike”→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.She says, “Is Tom an Englishman”→ She asks whether/if Tom is an Englishman.注：主句引述动词是say时，要改为ask或wonder等。

(3) 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。

（宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）She asked me, “When do they have their dinner”→ She asked me when they had their dinner.(4) 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。

直接引语变间接引语面面观一引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。

例如：John said, "I‟m going to London with my father."约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。

"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。

（宾语从句是间接引语）二. 如何变人称：下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。

二随宾，第三人称不更新”。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。

或被第二人你所修饰。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said。

"Jack is a good worker。

"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。

三、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。

宾语从句（直接引语变间接引语）的讲解与练习各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化：一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five d ays. Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6 What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.二、选择填空。

( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( ) 2.Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )3. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( )4. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left( )5 The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( )6. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( )7. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( )8. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking三、用合适的连接词填空。

直接引语变间接引语这两种引语都是宾语从句,但是直接引语放在引号内,不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号,通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化例：Hesaid,“I'mveryglad.”→Hesaidhewasveryglad.例：Hesaid,“Canyoucomethisafternoon,John”→HeaskedJohncouldcomethatafternoon.例:Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang”→Heasked whereMr.Wangwas.Tomsaystome,“whatfood doyoulikebest”.→TomasksmefoodIlikebestOurparentstoldus“LearnEnglishwell”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊”OurparentstoldusEnglishwell.我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好;Theteachersaidtome,“Don’treadthatnovel”Theteacherasked/toldmethatnovel.Ourparentstoldus,“Neverdowrong”父母告诉我们：“不要做错事”Ourparentstoldusnevertodowrong.我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事;二、人称的变化例如：“I wenttotheGreatWallyesterday,”LiHua said.→LiHuasaidthat he hadgonetotheGreatWallthedaybefore.“I’llcometohelp you wheneveryouneedmyhelp,”he answered her.→Heansweredherthat he wouldcometohelp her wheneversheneededhishelp.Shesaidto me,“Your pronunciationisbetterthanhis.”→Shetoldmethat my pronunciationwasbetterthanhis.三、时态变化主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况Hesays,“I’mtired.”→Hesaysthatheistired.Hewillsay,“Theboywaslazy.”→Hewilltellyouthattheboywaslazy.Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Shesaid,“Iwasbornin1995.”→Shesaidthatshewasbornin1995.典型例题1Canyoutellme_______A.whatthematterisB.whatmatteritisC.what’sthematterD.thematteriswhat2Thephysicsteachersaidtheearth____aroundthesun.A.ismovingB.movedC.hadmovedD.moves语法专练1.Motheraskedtheyoungestkid____withhiscar.A.whatthematterB.WhatwasthematterC.whatthematterisD.whatisthematter2.Thetouristaskedtheguidewhathe____visitthenextday.A.wasgoingtoB.willC.isgoinginD.isto3.Theteachertoldusthatlight____fasterthansound.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.istravelingD.travels4.Tomhankstoldhisteacherthathe____bornin1968.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen5.LindaaskedAmy_____shecouldtellherthegeneralideasofthepoem.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how6.Mybrothersaidtome,“I’mgoingtohaveaholidaynextweek.”Mybrother________________________________goingtohaveaholidaythenextweek.7.Mothersaidtome,“Whatareyoudoingintheroom”Motheraskedme___________________________________intheroom.8.Heasked,“CanIborrowyourbike”Heasked_______________________borrowmybike9.Tomsaidtome,“Doyoulikefootball”Tomaskedme_________________________football10.Shesaidtome,“Iwentovermylessonslastnight.”Shetoldme____________________________overherlessonsthenightbefore.附：UnitI短语归纳1.做个好朋友tobeagoodfriend2.做下列调查makethefollowingsurvey3.合计总分addupthescore4.得分getpoints5.心烦意乱地来到学校cometoschoolupset6.不理睬铃声ignorethebell7.使你那个德国朋友平静下来calmdownyourGermanfriend8.关心你朋友beconcernedaboutyourfriends9.松开了getloose10.不得不去户外遛狗havegottowalkthedogoutdoors11.帮他期末考试作弊helphimcheatintheend-of-termexam12.列出理由makealistofreasons/listthereasons13.记下一连串的请求setdownaseriesofrequests14.根据问卷调查accordingtothequestionnaire15.根据编辑的忠告accordingtotheeditor’sadvice16.为了分担你的困难inordertoshareyourdifficulties/troubles17.与老板相爱fallinlovewiththeboss18.与我的同桌相处融洽getalong/onwellwithmydeskmate19.关心青少年beconcernedaboutteenagers20.为了和老板面对面地交流inordertocommunicatewiththebossfacetoface21.信任政府trust/believeinthegovernment22.经历了太多的战争gothroughtoomanywars23.相邻的城镇neighboringtowns24.相邻的国家neighboringcountries直接引语变间接引语练习题一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词：1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere.10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.15.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.16.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.17.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.18.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.20.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.家庭作业1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago,”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.8.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek”hesaid.He______________Ihadreadthebooktheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_______Jimthathe_______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother_____________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked me.Heaskedme______________knewwhereshe_______.13.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.14.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.15.“Areyouinterestedinthis”hesaid tome.Heasked______________Iwasinterestedin_______.。

宾语从句直接引语变间接引语四要素嗨，朋友们！今天咱们来好好唠唠宾语从句里直接引语变间接引语的那点事儿。

这就像是一场奇妙的语言变身魔法，掌握了这魔法的四要素，你就能轻松搞定这个有点小复杂的语法点啦。

要素一：人称的变化。

这就像是在一场角色扮演游戏里，人物身份突然转换了。

比如说，直接引语里是第一人称“我”，在变成间接引语的时候，可能就要根据具体情况变成第三人称“他”或者“她”了。

我给你举个例子哈。

小明说：“我很开心。

”如果要变成间接引语，就可能是小红说小明很开心，这里的“我”就变成了“小明”。

这就好比你本来是自己故事里的主角，突然变成了别人讲述的故事里的一个角色，是不是很有趣呢？你可能会想，这有啥难的呀？可别小瞧它哦，要是不注意，那句子的意思可就乱套了，就像把演员安排错了角色一样，整个戏就没法看啦。

要素二：时态的变化。

哎呀，时态这个东西就像时间的魔法，直接引语里的时态在变成间接引语的时候，往往也得跟着变一变。

一般现在时可能会变成一般过去时呢。

就像这样，小李说：“我每天都跑步。

”变成间接引语可能就是小张说小李每天都跑步（这里假设转述的内容是当天转述且习惯依旧，不发生时态变化，如果有时间差，就会变成小李以前每天都跑步）。

这就像你把现在正在发生的事情，放到回忆里去讲述，时态当然就不一样啦。

这时候你可能会问，那是不是所有时态都这么变呢？那可不一定哦，这得看具体情况，就像不同的魔法咒语在不同的情境下有不同的效果一样。

要素三：指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。

这部分可就像给一幅画换背景一样。

指示代词像“这个”“那个”，直接引语里的“这个”，到间接引语里可能就变成“那个”了。

时间状语呢，“今天”可能变成“那天”，“明天”可能变成“第二天”。

地点状语也类似，“这里”可能就成了“那里”。

比如说，小王说：“我今天在这里看到了一只可爱的小猫。

”变成间接引语也许就是小赵说小王那天在那里看到了一只可爱的小猫。

你看，这就像是把故事从一个特定的时空地点，搬到了另外一个时空地点讲述，整个画面感都变了呢。

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。

直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。

变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was adoctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。

不能省略 e.g “Are youEnglish?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He askedm e→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。

基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leavea message on his desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。

直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。

变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was a doctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。

不能省略“Are you English”He asked me→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ” He asked me→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) .She asked, “What does he want”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。

基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:①He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.②She asked, “What is Tom doing →She asked what Tom was doing.③She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leave a message onhis desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。

宾语从句+直接引语变间接引语宾语从句1.含义I know this story.主语谓语宾语I know that the story is famous.主语谓语宾语从句宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语成分的句子。

2.分类①陈述句：I know（that）the story is famous；引导词：that，that可省略。

②特殊疑问句：I want to know where she is.引导词：特殊疑问词③一般疑问句：I want to know whether/if she is a teacher.引导词：whether/if3.使用三原则①时态照应：主从句时态要相一致。

He said he is right.（错）He said he was right.（对）②语序正常：从句要用陈述语序，即引导词后紧跟主语。

He asked where were you.（错）He asked where you were.（对）③真理规律永不变:当从句表示客观真理规律的时候，从句要用一般现在时态。

The teacher told us the sun rose from the east.（错）The teacher told us the sun rises from the east.（对）直接引语变间接引语1.定语：直接引语——引用别人的原话，称为直接引语。

间接引语——转述别人的话，称为间接引语。

2.陈述句直接引语变间接引语的规则①一变：变符号：去逗号引号，加引导词that，said to变为told。

②二变：变人称：变人称代词，物主代词，反身代词③变时态:主现从不变，主过从倒退主句的动词为一般现在时态，从句时态不变主句的动词为一般过去时态，从句变为相对应的过去时态直接引语间接引语例句一般现在时一般过去时He said,’I am a student?’----He said that he was a student.现在完成时过去完成时He said,’I have eaten an egg’.---He said that he had eaten an egg.一般将来时过去将来时He said,’I will eat an egg.’----He said that he would eat an egg.现在进行时过去进行时He said,’I am eating an egg.’----He said that he was eating an egg.一般过去时过去完成时He said,’I ate an egg yesterday’.---He said that he had eaten an egg the day before.过去完成时过去完成时He said,’I had eaten an egg’.---He said that he had eaten an egg.情态动词can couldHe said,’I can eat an egg’.---He said that he could eat anegg.may mightHe said,’She may eat the egg.’----He said that she might eatthe egg.will wouldHe said,’I will eat an egg’.---He said that he would eat anegg.注意：当直接引语是表示客观真理时，从句时态仍用一般现在时。

宾语从句宾语从句在句中担当宾语的从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)1. 宾语从句的引导词(1) that，可以省略。

eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。

I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．(2) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how。

从句用陈述语序eg, Could you tell me what's the matter with you? I want to know how soon it will begin.(3) whether / if, 意思是“是否”，\从句同样用陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。

①. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifWe are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.②. 与not 连用时或表选择意时，只用whether.Could you tell me whether you go or not?③在不定式前用whether。

直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项直接引语变间接引语（⼀）⼈称的转变1.直接引语中的第⼀⼈称，⼀般转换为第三⼈称，如：He said，“I am very sorry. ”He said that he was very sorry.2.直接引语中的第⼆⼈称，如果原话是针对转述⼈说的，转换为第⼀⼈称，如：“You should be more careful next time, ”my father told me.My father told me that I should be morecareful the next time.3.直接引语中的第⼆⼈称，如果原话是针对第三⼈称说的，转换成第三⼈称。

如：She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight. ”She said to her son that she would checkhis homework that night.4.⼈称的转换包括⼈称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this after noon?”He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之，⼈称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。

(⼆)时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态⽅⾯要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求)，变化如下：⼀般现在时⼀般过去时现在进⾏时过去进⾏时现在完成时过去完成时⼀般将来时过去将来时⼀般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变过去进⾏时不变如：1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, shesaid.She said she was very glad to visit ourschool.2.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music. ”Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.3.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.4.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.5.“Why did she refuse to go there?”the teacher asked.The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.6.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.7.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday. ”Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.8.He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days. ” He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.(三)时间状语、地点状语的变化1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然⽤⼀般现在时态。

直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳)直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。

直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。

He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语）主句从句主句从句二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化.（一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。

★（二）．时态变化宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。

1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。

2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。

即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。

Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth."Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.(三)．时间状语变化★(四)．连接词1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。

3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。

注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他注意：1. 语序不变的有：What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you?但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变1）从句中有or / or not 。