Rion KS-16 Particle Sensor 日本理音粒子计数器

INSTRUCTION MANUALPARTICLE SENSORKS-163-20-41 Higashimotomachi, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8533, Japanhttp://www.rion.co.jp/english/Organization of this manualThis manual describes the features and operation principles of the light-scattering type liquid-borne particle sensor KS-16. In sections related to the confi guration of a measurement system comprising the KS-16 and other equipment, this manual also touches upon operation of the other equipment, but to assure safe and correct operation, always consult the documentation of the other equipment as well.This manual contains the following sections.OutlineGives basic information on the unit.Controls and FeaturesBriefl y identifi es and explains all parts of the unit.PreparationsDescribes how to make sampling tube, purge gas, and sample fluid connections and how to set the unit up for use.MeasurementDescribes the basic steps and procedures for measurement.MaintenanceDescribes how to clean and prepare the unit for storage, how to replace a fuse, etc.Serial InterfaceExplains the functions and commands of the serial interface.iMulti-point Monitoring SystemExplains the basics of setting up a multi-point monitoring system using theRion multi-point interface.Specifi cationsLists the technical specifi cations of the unit.* All company names and product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.iiFOR SAFETYIn this manual, important safety instructions are specially marked as shown below. To prevent the risk of death or injury to persons and severe damage to the unit or peripheral equipment, make sure that all instructions are fully understood and observed.iiiSample fl uid danger preventionWhen toxic sample fl uid comes into contact with any part of the human body or when toxic gases generated by the sample fl uid are breathed, there is a danger of severe injury or death.When sample fl uid comes into contact with other objects in the vicinity, there is a risk of fi re, explosion, corrosion, deformation or other effects.Observe the following points closely to prevent the danger of sample fl uid leaks and sample fl uid accretion.Do not pass hydrofl uoric acid or other sample fl uids which can cause corrosion of fl uid-contacting parts (PFA, synthetic quartz) through thesystem.Observe the following points when setting up or dismantling a measurement system.- Check the sample fl uid for any risks due to toxicity or other harmful properties.- Make sure that sample fl uid cannot leak from the system and come into contact with body parts, clothing etc.- When attaching or detaching tubes, connectors etc., always use appropriate protective tools and wear dual-layer gloves.- Double-check all connections before starting the sample fl uid fl ow.Since the unit does not incorporate a leak sensor or other safety device, perform a thorough leak check to verify safety before starting operation.The pressure of sample fl uid passed through the unit may not exceed 300 kPa (gauge pressure). Ensure that the supply system (sampler, sample fl uidlines etc.) has suffi cient pressure resistance.When using sample fl uid which may produce harmful gases, provide adequate ventilation as prescribed by applicable laws and regulations.ivBefore and after measurement, clean the entire sample fl uid system thoroughly to remove any remnants. Otherwise unwanted effects such as thermal build-up, hardening, particle accumulation etc. can occur. This is especially important to prevent the possibility of serious accidents when using the unit to measure different types of sample fl uids.Before starting to prepare the system for storage, complete the cleaning process with pure water and verify neutrality (pH7).Dispose of waste sample fl uid only as prescribed by applicable laws and regulations.Never mix waste sample fl uid with other substances unless absolute safety has been established.vviviiThe unit uses a laser sourceThis unit is designated as a class 1 laser productaccording to IEC 60825-1 (2001). The internalparticle detector mechanism uses a laser, but it isfully shielded so that the beam cannot exit fromthe enclosure.The identifi cation label shown at right is affi xed to the top of the ser PrecautionsThe particle detector mechanism inthis unit uses a laser classifi ed as aclass 3B laser product according toIEC 60825-1 (2001).The laser source can cause blindnessif viewed directly, and can cause skininjuries if the skin is exposed directlyto the beam.Never open the cover, because this involves the risk of exposure to the laser beam.The warning label shown at right is affi xed to the top of the unit.CautionUse of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.viiiWarning LabelsThe following types of warning labels are used with this unit.Warning label for sample fl uid and handling INLET and OUTLETThe label states that the particle detectorcell of this unit is made of syntheticquartz and warns that no hydrofl uoricacid may be passed through the unit.It also specifi es the maximum samplefluid pressure as 300 kPa (gaugepressure). The label is affi xed to thefront panel of the unit.The label also states that a shock and/or an excessive force on the INLETand OUTLET may cause the deformation and/or fl uid leaks.Laser product description label (Class 1)Indicates that this unit is designated as a class 1laser product according to IEC 60825-1 (2001).The label is affixed to the top of the unit.ix Laser product warning label (Class 3B)Indicates that the unit internally usesa laser classifi ed as a class 3B laserproduct according to IEC 60825-1(2001). The laser source can causeblindness if viewed directly, and cancause skin injuries if the skin isexposed directly to the beam.The label is affi xed to the top of the unit.Cleaning labelGives instructions for cleaning theunit with pure water and fi lling itwith alcohol (isopropyl alcohol,ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol) beforereturning it for servicing.The label is affi xed to the top ofthe unit.xPrecautionsOperate the unit only as described in this manual.Do not touch any parts of the unit other than necessary for operation.Before using the unit, make sure that all cable and PFA tube connections are correctly and safely established.In case of malfunction, do not attempt any repairs. Note the condition of the unit clearly and contact the supplier.The end plugs are required to seal the unit when returning it for maintenance or servicing. Store the plugs in a safe location for later use.Before returning the unit for maintenance or servicing, thoroughly purge the piping with pure water. Then fi ll the piping with isopropyl alcohol or equivalent and install the end plugs.Do not use or store the unit in locations which- may exceed the temperature range specifi ed on page 48 or may be subject to moisture condensation (If the temperature of the sample fl uid is lower than the ambient temperature, condensation may occur.Take suitable countermeasures such as using purge gas.) - may be subject to splashes of water or to direct sunlight, or- may be subject to air with high salt or sulphur content or to gases, or - which do not provide correct power supply conditions ( 90 to 250 V AC , 50/60 Hz), or- which do not provide a suitable means for grounding the unit, or - may be subject vibrations or shock.Do not store the unit in locations where the temperature may exceed +50ºC or drop below -10ºC, where relative humidity may exceed 85%, or where condensation or freezing inside the piping may occur.Avoid sudden temperature changes which may cause moisture condensation on the optical assembly.Do not disassemble the unit or attempt internal alterations.xiContentsFOR SAFETY (iii)Outline (1)Types of sample fl uids (1)Laser source service life (2)Transport (2)Particle size detection (3)Block diagram (3)Measurement system confi guration example (4)Controls and Features (5)Main unit front panel (5)Main unit rear panel (6)Power supply unit front panel (8)Power supply unit rear panel (9)Preparations (10)Power supply unit and power source connection (10)Connecting the sampling tubes (11)Removing the sampling tubes (12)Purge gas (14)Before supplying the sample fl uid (15)Transfer rate/node address setting (16)Turning the system on (17)Initial condition (17)Measurement (18)Sample fl uid fl ow rate adjustment (18)Measurement procedure (18)xiiMaintenance (20)Steps after use (20)Cleaning the piping (20)When the fuse has blown (22)Serial Interface (23)Transfer principle (23)Serial connector (24)Interface cables (24)Message format (26)Command messages (29)Information request messages (35)Information messages (36)Response message (44)Multi-point Monitoring System (45)Specifi cations (46)xiiixivOutlineThe KS-16 is designed to be used as an in-line sensor in a system for measuring the size and number of particles in liquid, using the light-scattering method.Measurement results are output via a built-in interface. The KS-16 consists of the sensor unit and the power supply unit. Particles are measured in fi ve size ranges (≥0.1 µm, ≥0.15 µm, ≥0.2 µm, ≥0.3 µm, ≥0.5 µm), and the sample fl ow rate is 10 mL per minute.The KS-16 does not have measurement controls or a display for measurement results. It is designed to be used under control of external equipment such as a computer, and to send measurement results to the external equipment A standard serial interface and a special Rion multi-point interface for multi-point measurements are built in.As the KS-16 does not incorporate a fl ow control circuit for the sample fl uid, the fl ow rate of the sample fl uid must be controlled by external means.Types of sample fl uidsThis unit is designed to detect the size and number of particles fl oating in liquid. Never use the unit with the liquid types listed below, to prevent the possibility of accidents and damage to the unit.- Explosive liquid or mixtures containing explosive liquid- Liquid such as hydrofluoric acid which can cause corrosion of fl uid-contacting parts or mixtures containing such liquid- Liquid with a temperature of less than +15ºC or more than +35ºC- Liquid with a pressure of more than 300 kPa (gauge pressure)- Liquid which may have effects such as thermal build-up, hardening, and particle accumulation. Always clean the system thoroughly beforeusing a different liquid.12OutlineLaser source service lifeThe life expectancy of a laser diode such as used in the KS-16 is shorter than that of other semiconductors. When the laser diode nears the end of its service life, the light output falls below the rated level. There are considerable differences in service life between individual diodes. Some may fail already after several thousand operation hours. The KS-16 detects when the laser diode no longer provides the required output. In such a case, the LD indicator fl ashes in red, which indicates that the laser diode must be replaced.TransportBefore returning the unit formaintenance or servicing, purge thesample fl uid system thoroughly withpure water to remove any samplefl uid remnants. Then fi ll the pipingwith alcohol (or ethyl alcohol) andseal it with the end plugs. Wipethe outside of the unit clean so thatthere are no remnants of chemical substances on the unit.The label shown at right is affixed to the top of the unit.OutlineParticle size detectionThe unit is calibrated at the factory, using particles of known diameter and refractive index (single polystyrene latex spheres with a refractive index of1.6) in pure water. As the amount of scattered light by such particles is usedas reference to determine the particle size, the measured size corresponds to the light-scattering size of polystyrene latex particles.Block diagram3OutlineMeasurement system confi guration exampleWith the KS-16, measurement control and processing of measurement results are entirely performed by a computer. A basic measurement confi guration using the serial interface is shown below. Configure your actual system according to the measurement requirements and types of sample fl uid.For details on how to perform measurement control and how to read measurement results etc., please refer to the section “Serial Interface” on page 23.It is also possible to confi gure a multi-point monitoring system using the Rion multi-point interface. For details, please refer to the section “Multi-point Monitoring System” on page 45.ImportantDo not use the serial interface and the DATA LINKinterface at the same time. Correct operationof the unit is not assured if control is attemptedvia both interfaces.The service life of the light source (laser diode)is limited. While no measurement is being carriedout, the light source should be turned off asmuch as possible.4Controls and FeaturesMain unit front panelCELL indicatorLit (green) : Particle sensor (fl ow cell) is operating normally.Lit (red) : Particle sensor is not operating normally, due tocontamination, condensation or other causes, or particleconcentration in sample fl uid exceeds maximum ratingof unit.Out : Light source is turned off.LD indicatorLit (green) : Light source (laser diode) is operating normally.Lit (red) : Light source has exceeded rated temperature range.F lashing (red) : Light source error other than temperature error hasoccurred.Out : Light source is turned off.POWER indicatorLights up when power to the unit is turned on.OUTLETSample fl uid outlet.INLETSample fl uid inlet.5Controls and FeaturesMain unit rear panelALARM 1 terminal, ALARM 2 terminalThese terminals serve for output of an alarm signal. Under control fromexternal equipment via the DATA LINK (multi-point interface), theterminals can be opened or closed. The two alarm circuits can be usedindependently. The alarm terminals cannot be controlled via the serialinterface.The maximum load rating is 30 V DC, 1 A (AC loads are not allowed).DATA LINK connectorThis is a multi-point interface connector which can be connected to abus line using a sub-line cable (option), or to DATA LINK connectorson other equipment. For details, please refer to the section “Multi-pointMonitoring System” on page 45.SERIAL connectorSerial interface connector for connection to a computer or similar.DC IN connectorDC input for powering the unit. The supplied DC cable from the DCOUT connector of the power supply unit KZ-50 (supplied) is to beconnected here.Controls and FeaturesPOWER switchServes to turn the unit ON and OFF.PURGE inletPurge gas for cleaning the unit (to prevent degradation of the optical and electrical systems) is to be supplied via this inlet. For details, please refer to the section “Purge gas” on page 14.FUSEThis fuse holder contains a Slow-blow fuse (2 A).DATA LINK indicatorShows the communication status of the DATA LINK connector, as described below.Brief fl ash (green) :Normal communication is being carried out.Brief fl ash (red) :Communication error has occurred.Lit (red) : Address setting is out of range (higher than 19) ALARM indicatorLights up when the ALARM 1 or ALARM 2 terminals output an alarm signal.SERIAL indicatorShows the communication status of the serial interface connector, as described below.Brief fl ash (green) :Normal communication is being carried out.Brief fl ash (red) :Communication error has occurred.Transfer rate/node address setting switch bankThe topmost switch serves to set the transfer rate of the serial interface.The lower five switches serve to set the node address of the unit ina multi-point interface setup. F or details, please refer to the section“Transfer rate/node address setting” on page 16.Controls and FeaturesPower supply unit front panelPower indicatorLights up when the unit is powered.POWER switchServes to turn the unit ON and OFF.Controls and Features Power supply unit rear panelDC OUT connectorOutput for powering the KS-16. Use the supplied DC cable to link thisconnector with the DC IN connector on the KS-16.AC LINE connectorServes for connection to an AC outlet (90 to 250 V, 50/60 Hz).PreparationsPower supply unit and power source connection1. Set the POWER switch on the KS-16 and on the KZ-50 to OFF.2.3.Preparations Connecting the sampling tubes1. Remove the end plugs from the INLET and OUTLET connectors ofthe KS-16 by turning the plugs counterclockwise.ImportantStore the end plugs in a safe place, since theywill be needed when the unit is sent to thesupplier for servicing and maintenance.2. Loosen the nut of the sampling tube by turning it counterclockwise,and remove the plug from the sampling tube.ImportantStore the plug in a safe place, since it will beneeded again when removing the sampling tubefor storage.Preparations3. Slide the tip of the sampling tube onto the INLET connector andturn the nut clockwise to fasten the tube. Connect the OUTLET sidein the same way.Removing the sampling tubes1. Purge the unit with pure water to remove any sample fl uid remnants.If the use of pure water poses the risk of sample fl uid reaction andthermal build-up, hardening, or particle accumulation, use a differentcleaning agent that is suitable for the sample fl uid, and fi nally purgewith clean water.2. Turn the nut on the INLET connector counterclockwise and pull thesampling tube off. Disconnect the OUTLET side in the same way.Preparations3. Place the end plugs on the INLET and OUTLET connectors and se-cure the plugs by turning them clockwise (see above illustration).4. Insert the plug of the sampling tube into the fl ared section at the tipof the sampling tube and turn the nut clockwise to secure it.ImportantThe fl ared section will contract slightly overtime. Always store the sampling tube with theplug in place.PreparationsPurge gasIn the cases listed below, the interior of the unit should be cleaned with purge gas supplied to the PURGE inlet, to prevent problems such as moisture condensation or adverse effects on the electrical circuitry.- If the temperature of the sample fluid is lower than the ambient temperature, so that moisture condensation may occur in the particledetector.- If there is the possibility that corrosive gases in the vicinity may affect the unit.- If there is the possibility that corrosive gases which affect the PFA tubes may leak from internal joints.- If the inside of the unit cooled.- If environment contains a high concentration of particlesImportantIf installed in an environment other than a cleanroom, contamination in the atmosphere mayhave an adverse infl uence on the measurement.To prevent such contamination, fl ushing shouldbe performed during installation.The purge gas requirements are as follows.- Dry clean air or nitrogen gas- Temperature +15 to 30ºC- Flow rate 3 to 10 liter/minThe PURGE connector uses a 1/8 PT female screw.PreparationsBefore supplying the sample fl uidSince the KS-16 does not have a fl ow rate adjustment facility, additional equipment is required to adjust the sample fl uid fl ow. Refer to “Measurement system confi guration example” on page 4 and confi gure a system which can supply sample fl uid at a rate of 10 mL per minute.corrosion of flThe flBefore changing to a different type of sample fl uid, always clean the entire sample fl uid system fi rst to remove any remnants. Otherwise unwanted effects such as thermal build-up, hardening, particle accumulation etc. can occur. Use the system only after verifying that the cleaning process was successful. Otherwise there isa danger of serious accidents due to chemical reactions. Some sample fl uids mayreact with water, leading to emulsifi cation or thermal build-up.PreparationsTransfer rate/node address settingBefore turning the unit on, set the transfer rate and the node address as described below. The switch bank for these settings is located on the rear panel.Preparations Turning the system onImportantBefore turning the system on, make sure that theinternal piping is completely fi lled with samplefl uid. If the interior of the cell is dry, the laserbeam may burn contamination into the celllining, causing an increase in noise.Set the POWER switch to ON.ImportantAfter switching on the unit, wait at least 10 minutesbefore starting a measurement, to allow the lightsource output to stabilize. When the unit hasbeen switched off, wait at least 1 minute beforeturning it on again. Otherwise the light sourcemay be damaged.Initial conditionAfter power-on, the unit is in the condition as shown below. The initialization command “C” (see page 31) also establishes this condition (except for the communication settings).- Impossible to control light source on/off (local mode is set).- Light source is lit.- Measurement is not performed.- Alarm is released (terminals open, indicators out).- Setting of transfer rate/node address setting switch bank is read.(This does not apply when the initialization command “C” wasreceived.)- Measurement data transfer mode is set to automatic transfer.MeasurementSample fl uid fl ow rate adjustmentSince this unit does not have a fl ow rate adjustment facility, additional equipment is required to adjust the sample fl uid fl ow. Before starting measurement, use the external equipment to adjust the sample fl uid fl ow rate to 10 mL / min.The pressure in the sample fl uid system moves the sample fl uid through the particle sensor. Use the fl ow controller to adjust the fl ow rate. For details, please refer to the documentation of the external equipment.Measurement procedureThe KS-16 can perform a single measurement under control of commands (measurement start/stop/cancel) sent from a computer or similar equipment.This is called the manual measurement mode.For information on how to transmit measurement result data after carrying out a measurement, please refer to the section “Set measurement data send mode Command Sn” on page 34.The sample fl uid volume can be calculated according to the following equation: Sample fl uid volume (mL) = 10 (mL / min) × measurement time (min)MeasurementStopping the measurementThe measurement can be prematurely stopped in one of the following ways.- Measurement cancel command is received (“G2” via serial interface)- Initialization command is received (“C” via serial interface)- Light source off command is received (“L0” via serial interface)- Cover is openedIf the measurement is canceled in one of the above ways, no measurement result data will be available (measurement result message is not sent).MaintenanceSteps after useWhen removing the KS-16 from the measurement system, observe the following points.1. Clean the piping with pure water. For more information, please referto the section “System confi guration example for cleaning” on page21.2. Set the POWER switch to OFF and disconnect the power cord fromthe AC outlet.3. Fill the piping with isopropyl alcohol to prevent bacteria growth.4. Disconnect the INLET and OUTLET tubes and attach the end plugs.ImportantThe sample fl uid system should be fi lled withliquid at all times (during measurement, storage,and transport). If the system dries up, an error(CELL NG) may occur.Cleaning the pipingWhen the CELL indicator is lit in red, clean the piping of the unit as follows.1. Removal of chemicals and pure water cleaningPass an ample amount of pure water through the system to removeany contamination and remnants of chemical substances. If the useof pure water poses the risk of sample fl uid reaction and thermalbuild-up, hardening, or particle accumulation, use a different cleaningagent that is suitable for the sample fl uid, and fi nally purge withclean water.2. Check the CELL indicator.If the CELL indicator is green, cleaning was successful.If the CELL indicator still is red, perform the following steps (cleaningwith cleaning fl uid).Maintenance3. Cleaning with cleaning fl uidUse pressurization or suction within the prescribed range to passcleaning fl uid through the system. Flow rate control is not necessary.After an ample amount of cleaning fl uid has been passed throughthe system, check the CELL indicator.Suitable cleaning fl uid : Optical cleaning fl uid, acetone, alcoholor similarRequired equipment : External pump or syringe sampler,fi lter (2 µm or fi ner)System confi guration example for cleaningImportantIf the CELL indicator still is lit in red even afterthorough cleaning with cleaning fl uid, contactthe supplier. For continued safety, do not per-form any other cleaning measures except thosedescribed here.MaintenanceWhen the fuse has blownFuse replacementSerial InterfaceUsing the built-in serial interface (serial interface) of this unit, measurement data can be sent to a computer and measurement condition can be controlled externally. This is useful for example when setting up a system for automatic measurement or for particle concentration monitoring.NoteThis explanation assumes some familiarity withcomputers and with the Serial interface standard.Transfer principleTransmission principle Full-duplex, asynchronousFlow control NoneData word length7 bitStop bits2Parity EvenTransfer rate4800, 9600 bps (selectable)Terminator<CR><LF>Character code ASCIIElectrical characteristics Conforming with JIS-X-5101, EIA Serial,CCITT V.24, V.28In order to ensure correct operation, communication parameters (transfer rate, parity, stop bit, data word length) must use the same values at both ends. Except for the transfer rate, the parameters at the KS-16 side are fi xed, therefore the external equipment must be adapted to these parameters. For information on how to change the transfer rate of the KS-16, please refer to the section “Transfer rate/node address setting” on page 16.Terminators are used to mark commands and data.<CR> : Carriage return (0D H)<LF> : Line feed (0A H)Serial InterfaceSerial connectorConnector pin assignmentPin no.Signal type Designation Flow direction*Notes 1Carrier detect CD Input Not used2Receive data RD Input3Send data SD Output4Data terminal ready ER Output Always on5Signal ground SG Not specifi ed6Data set ready DR Input Must be kept on 7Request to send RS Output Always on8Clear to send CS Input Must be kept on 9Open* Input/output assignments as seen from KS-16.Interface cablesTwo types of optional cables are available from Rion for interfacing to external equipment (cable length 2 m). Choose the cable that fi ts the requirements of the equipment.CC-61 For interfaces with DTE type female connectorsCC-61A For interfaces with DTE type male connectorsDTE : Data Terminal EquipmentImportantTurn off the power to the KS-16 and the otherequipment before connecting the interfacecable.。