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with 复合结构的常见形式及句法功能1with 复合结构的常见形式1、with + 名词(或代词) + 现在分词此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。
（原因状语）With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。
（伴随状语）2、with + 名词(或代词) + 过去分词此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
（伴随状语）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。
（原因状语）3、with + 名词(或代词) + 形容词I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。
（伴随状语）With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。
（原因状语）4、with + 名词(或代词) + 介词短语With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。
（原因状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。
with复合结构一. with复合结构的常见形式1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。
The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。
2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。
3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。
The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。
4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。
He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。
5. “with+名词/代词+done”。
此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。
With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production.随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。
6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。
此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。
7. “with+宾语+to do”。
此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。
So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops.由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。
二. with复合结构的句法功能1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。
介词with的复合结构“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”构成介词with的复合结构，该结构在句中可作状语和定语。
在with复合结构中，宾语和宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。
当这种主谓关系表现为主动语态时，用现在分词；当这种主谓关系表现为被动语态时，用过去分词；当这种主谓关系表示将来意义时，用不定式；当这种主谓关系表示伴随意义时，用现在分词或副词。
常见的结构：1. with +宾语+介词短语1) He walked along the street with his hands in his pockets. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）他手插衣袋沿街走着。
2) A girl stood at the door with an umbrella in her hands. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）一位姑娘站在门口，手里拿着一把雨伞。
3) There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them. （用作定语，宾补为介词短语）这儿有一排排白色的房子，房前长着树木。
4) She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. （用作定语，宾补为介词短语）她看到一条小溪，两岸长着红花绿草。
5) She left the office with tears in her eyes. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）她眼里含着泪水，离开了办公室。
2. with +宾语+形容词1) Why did you sleep with the windows open? （用作状语，宾补为形容词）你为什么开着窗子睡觉？2) She sat down with her face pale with pain. （作状语，宾补为形容词）她坐下来，痛的脸色发白了。
3) He used to sleep with the door open. （宾补为形容词）他过去常开着门睡觉。
With的复合结构（⼀）With的复合结构（⼀）：这⼀讲，Master Osifu English将为⼤家讲解with的复合结构，with的复合结构灵活多变很实⽤，⽤于写作中是最佳的选择。
且with的复合结构很容易掌握，接下来，Master Osifu English 为⼤家⼀⼀列出各种形式。
1.with+名词/代词+doing: 表⽰doing与其前⾯的名词/代词为主动或进⾏关系。
例如：With you standing there, we can’t work. 你站在那我们⽆法⼯作。
you与standing为主动关系。
2. with+名词/代词+done: 表⽰done与其前⾯的名词/代词为被动关系。
例如：She had to walk home with her bike stolen. ⾃⾏车被偷，她只好步⾏回家。
her bike与stolen为被动关系。
3. with+名词/代词+to do: 表⽰to do与其前⾯的名词/代词为将来关系。
例如：With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.因为还有很多⼯作要做，他没有被允许外出。
to do 与a lot ofwork为将来关系。
下⾯Master Osifu English以例句的形式为⼤家加深理解。
1.with a lot of difficult problems___, the newly-elcected president is having a hard time.(2002上海)A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled解析：答案C.此题考查的是 with的复合结构的with+名词+to do 的形式，to settle与宾语a lot of difficult problems为将来关系，故选C.2.I live in the house with its door ___ to the south.A. facingB. facesC. facedD. being faced解析：答案A.此题考查的是with的复合结构的with+名词+doing 的形式，facing与宾语its door 为进⾏关系，故选A.3. With nothing ___ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leavingB. leftC. to leave d. leave解析：答案B.此题考查的是with的复合结构的with+名词+done 的形式，left与nothing 为被动关系，故选B.这⼀讲，Master Osifu English为⼤家讲解了with的复合结构的三种形式，此三种形式与前⾯学过的⾮谓语动词理解上是相通的，很容易理解掌握。
With 的复合结构及其转换作者：孙文经来源：《广东教育·高中》2014年第09期人教版Module5 Unit1Great scientists Using Language 中有这样一个句子：He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
句中with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth为with 复合结构，作方式状语。
由with构成的复合结构既能作状语，表示方式、原因、时间、伴随情况等，又能作后置定语。
下面就with 的复合结构作一概述。
一、with复合结构的构成With复合结构由“with+名词/代词+形容词（副词、介词短语、非谓语动词）”构成。
如：1. With her eyes green，Mary stared at the book held in Beth’s hands.玛丽满心嫉妒地盯着贝斯手中的书。
（with+代词+形容词）2. With both hands up， the student was eager to answer this question.这名学生急于回答这个问题，两只手全都举起来了。
（with+名词+副词）3. The teacher looked at me with tears in her eyes.老师看着我，眼里含着泪。
（with+名词+介词短语）4. She walked back to the bus stop， with him following her.她走回汽车站，他跟在她后面。
with 复合结构一. with 复合结构的常见形式1.“with+ 名词 /代词 +介词短语”。
The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。
2.“with+ 名词 /代词 +形容词”。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one ’itll rain presently.天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。
3.“with+ 名词 /代词 +副词”。
The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on所.有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。
4.“with+ 名词 /代词 +名词”。
He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.他走了，妻子十分伤心。
5.“with+ 名词 /代词 +done”。
此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。
With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production.随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。
6.“with+ 名词 /代词 +-ing 分词”。
此结构强调名词是 -ing 分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him全.班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。
7.“with+ 宾语 +to do ”。
此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。
So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops.由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。
With 的复合结构及其转换作者：孙文经来源：《广东教育·高中》2014年第09期人教版Module5 Unit1Great scientists Using Language 中有这样一个句子：He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
句中with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth为with 复合结构，作方式状语。
由with构成的复合结构既能作状语，表示方式、原因、时间、伴随情况等，又能作后置定语。
下面就with 的复合结构作一概述。
一、with复合结构的构成With复合结构由“with+名词/代词+形容词（副词、介词短语、非谓语动词）”构成。
如：1. With her eyes green，Mary stared at the book held in Beth’s hands.玛丽满心嫉妒地盯着贝斯手中的书。
（with+代词+形容词）2. With both hands up， the student was eager to answer this question.这名学生急于回答这个问题，两只手全都举起来了。
（with+名词+副词）3. The teacher looked at me with tears in her eyes.老师看着我，眼里含着泪。
（with+名词+介词短语）4. She walked back to the bus stop， with him following her.她走回汽车站，他跟在她后面。
用以上所学短语完成下列句子, 每空一词。
1. 我们应该不遗余力地保护我们宝贵的饮用水不受污染。
We should _____ ___ _____ to protect our valuable drinking water from being polluted.
2. Do you know why the government ________________________ (鼓励人们骑自行车)?
3. A lot of high-rise buildings have been built _________________ (在最近十年里).
4. The government has promised to ________________ (采取措施) to help the unemployed.
5. In the eastern part of China __________ __________ (坐落着青岛市), a major shipping centre.
6. Our English teacher, Miss Li, came in _______________________
(胳膊下夹着一本词典).
7.The square looks more beautiful____________________________.
所有的灯都亮时，广场显得更加美丽。
8.______________________, Tom becomes more naughty.
父母不在，汤姆变得更淘气。
9._______________________________________, the room was very cold.
门窗大开，屋内很冷。
10.__________________________, the girl had to left school.
她父母死了，那女孩只好辍学。
11. The girl looked up ________________________________.
那女孩眼泪汪汪地抬起头。
12.________________________, the weather is becoming hotter and
hotter.
随着夏天的到来，天气越来越热。
13._______________________ ，she felt a bit uneasy .
老师站在旁边，她觉得有点不自然。
14._______________________, she felt greatly relieved.
工作完成了，她大大地松了一口气。
15.________________________, he looks much younger.
理了头发，他显得年轻多了。
16. 钱丢了，她不知如何是好。
With her money , she was at a loss what to do.
17. 有那么多人帮助，这孤儿终于渡过了难关。
With so many people , the orphan was able to pull through at last.
18. 如果时间允许，我们就去参观颐和园。
With time __________(permit), we`ll visit the Summer Palace.
19.有这么多人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。
With so many people ___________________________________, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.。
