infinitive不定式(精)
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(完整版)副词的非谓语动词形式讲解副词是一类用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词语。
除了在句子中作为副词的一种形式外,在某些情况下,副词还可以以非谓语动词的形式出现。
下面将详细介绍副词的非谓语动词形式。
一、非谓语动词形式1. 动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式的副词形式是通过在不定式前加上副词来构成的。
例如:- He walked quickly to catch the bus.(他快速地走去赶公交车。
)- She spoke loudly to be heard by everyone.(她大声说话以便让大家听见。
)在句子中,动词不定式作为副词短语,修饰谓语动词,表示目的、原因等含义。
2. 现在分词(Present Participle)现在分词(Present Participle)现在分词作为副词形式时,用于表示伴随、时间、方式等。
例如:- Smiling, he accepted the award.(微笑着,他接受了奖项。
)- Running fast, she won the race.(跑得快,她赢得了比赛。
)现在分词作为副词短语,修饰主语或谓语动词,说明动作正在进行、伴随发生的状态。
3. 过去分词(Past Participle)过去分词(Past Participle)过去分词作为副词形式时,通常用来表达完成的动作、被动的含义。
例如:- Having finished her homework, she went to bed.(做完作业后,她上床睡觉了。
)- Frightened by the loud noise, the dog ran away.(被大声的噪音吓到,狗逃跑了。
)过去分词作为副词短语,修饰主语或谓语动词,表示原因、条件、时间等。
4. 动名词(Gerund)动名词(Gerund)动名词作为副词形式时,通常表达持续或延续的含义。
初三英语寒假专题——动词不定式(Infinitive)知识精讲人教版+汤姆森【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容:寒假专题——动词不定式(Infinitive)同学们,寒假来到了。
这是我们休整总结的一个好时机。
在这一段时间里,我们对初中阶段经常出现,但同学们不易掌握的几个语法项目进行专项讲解。
今天我们的题目是动词不定式。
我们经常会遇到它,也经常会犯错误,今天让我们攻克这个难题。
一. 动词的非谓语形式我们都知道,动词在句子中做谓语。
如果把动词的形式稍做变化,还可以起到名词、形容词或副词的作用,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、补语、状语等各种成分。
动词的这些变化被称为非谓语形式。
也就是说,除了谓语之外,其它成份都能充当。
动词的非谓语形式有三种:(1)动词不定式:to study(to+动词原形)(2)分词:studying(现在分词)studied(过去分词)(3)动名词:studying(形式与现在分词相同,相当于名词)动词的非谓语形式不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化;它仍具有动词的一般特征,可以带宾语、状语等构成短语;另外它也有时态的不同变化以及语态的变化。
今天,我们先来学习其中的一种,动词不定式。
二. 动词不定式的结构和功能:一般结构:to+动词原形时态的变化:一般现在时:to write(to be written 被动形式)现在进行时:to be writing现在完成时:to have written完成进行时:to have been writing动词不定式能起到名词、形容词、副词的作用,充当谓语以外的各种成分,是最神通广大三. 动词不定式功能分类:(一)作主语:eg.1. To learn English is not an easy thing.学习英语不是一件容易的事。
2. It is our duty to learn the knowledge well.好好学习知识是我们的职责。
动词不定式用法详细讲解动词不定式用法详细讲解1、构成及特征动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式,即非谓语动词形式,它有两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”构成(to- infinitive);另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。
所有行为动词都有不定式形式,其否定式是在不定式前加not。
动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍保留有动词的特点:(1)可以有时式和语态的变化,也可以有自己的宾语或状语,它们一起构成了不定式短语。
He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。
(带宾语和状语)The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。
(有语态的变化)(2)动词不定式还具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语等成分。
He wants to study English.他想学英语。
(to study English在句中作want的宾语,而to study又有自己的宾语English, to study 和English一起构成了不定式短语。
)Never to offend anyone is his principle.不得罪人是他的原则。
(不定式作主语)注意:不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。
作主语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句;作宾语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句;作定语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句;作目的状语时,相当于so that 或in order that引导的目的状语从句。
It is right for her to say so.(= It is right that she should say so.)她这样说是对的。
infinitive翻译成中文
infinitive翻译成中文:不定词, 不定词的。
infinitive
[英][ɪnˈfɪnətɪv][美][ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv]
n.(动词)不定式;
adj.不定式的;
复数:infinitives
动词不定式(infinitive):在语法中,动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。
它之所以被叫做不定式,是因为动词不被限定,或者说不被词形变化所局限。
不定式属于非谓语动词。
在外语学习的课程中,动词不定式的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”,因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。
对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”等表示未来的动词。
同样与不定时表示不同的动词不定式表示正在进行,一般性或经常发生性的行为。
动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性。
动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。
这一使动者称之为逻辑主语。
Infinitives动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式的肯定形式是to do;其否定形式not to do.①Infinitives after nounsBecause she was rude, I made the decision to keep the money.Can you recommend a good restaurant to eat at?②Infinitives after how and wh- wordsPlease show us how to do that.I’m sure they will show us where to go.③Bare infinitives1)情态动词(ought除外,ought to)2)使役动词let, have, make3)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后接不定式要省略to. ( ★但在被动语态中则to不能省略。
)I saw him dance. (He was seen to dance.)The boss made them work the whole night. (They were made to work the whole night.)④Sentence patterns1) It’s + 形容词+ for / of + sb + to do sth.It’s dangerous for children to swim in the river.It’s kind of you to give him a hand.2) 主语+ 谓语+ it +形容词+ to do sth,(谓语动词常为find, think, feel, etc.)I found it difficult to stop him.3) ★He is always the first to come and the last to leave. ★It’s about to rain.⑤to do vs. doingstop to do sth vs. stop doing sthforget to do sth vs. f orget doing sthremember to do sth vs.remember doing sthMultiple choice1. I'm sorry ______ that.A. hearsB. hearingC. hearD. to hear2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bringB. bringingC. to takeD. taking3. Would you like something ______ ?A. drinkB. drinkingC. to drinkD. drinks4. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs.A. to enterB. enterC. enteringD. entered5. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired.A. to feelB. feelsC. feelingD. feel6. Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______.A. not wake up himB. not to wake up himC. not wake him upD. not to wake him up7. I was made ______ my homework in the afternoon.A. doB. doingC. to doD. did8. He is not an easy man ______.A. get onB. to get onC. get on withD. to get on with9. Mr. Black asked the man ________ the queue.A. not to jumpB. to not jumpC. didn't jumpD. not jump10. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________.A. sitB. sit onC. be satD. be sat on11. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.A. have, not to beB. have, not beC. be, not to beD. be, not be12. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.A. to smokeB. smokingC. smokesD. smoke13. John was asked _______ the car for a week as a punishment.A. to washB. washingC. washD. to be washing14. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.A. not to drinkB. to drinkC. not drinkingD. drinking15. Jack asked his father ___________ and play tennis.A. let him goB. to let him to goC. let him to goD. to let him go16. I'm sorry to keep you ______.A. to waitB. waitingC. waitD. waited17. He found it very difficult ______.A. sleepingB. sleepsC. sleptD. to fall asleep18. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought19. The speaker raised his voice to make himself ________.A. hearB. to hearC. hearingD. heard20. The old man told the child ______ noisy.A. not beB. not to beC. to not beD. be notComplete the following sentences1. It's time for us ____________(have)supper.2. Have you decided which one_____________(choose)?3. We saw them__________(come)into the room.4. What he said made me___________(feel)sorry.5. Have you got anything ___________(say)?6. A knife is used _____________ (cut) things.7. Do you know when____________(start)?8. He prefers playing basketball to ___________(swim).9. He was often heard _____________ (sing) by the river.10. Lucy is always the first ______________ (reach) school.11. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ____________ (walk).12. The new hospital _______________ (build) in near the factory.13. Autumn harvest is about_____________ (start).14. It’s our duty __________ (clean) the room every day.15. The sitting-room needs _____________ (clean), but it’ll have to wait until Saturday.。
非谓语动词翻译非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,可以充当动词、形容词或者副词,在句子中常用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分。
其常见的形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
下面是一些常见的非谓语动词的翻译示例。
1. 动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式常以to开头,可以作为动词、名词、形容词或副词的补语。
翻译时要根据上下文和语境来理解其含义。
例句:- I like to play basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。
)- He needs to finish his homework.(他需要完成他的作业。
)- She wants to become a doctor.(她想要成为一名医生。
)2. 动名词(Gerund)动名词以ing形式结尾,可以作为名词、主语、宾语或介词的宾语等。
翻译时常用名词或动词的ing形式来表达。
例句:- Swimming is good for your health.(游泳对你的健康有益。
)- I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。
)- He apologized for being late.(他为迟到而道歉。
)3. 分词(Participle)分词一般以-ed或-ing形式结尾,可作为形容词、副词或定语等。
翻译时要根据上下文和句子结构来决定使用哪种翻译方式。
例句:- The broken window needs to be repaired.(这个破窗户需要修理。
)- The running boy is my brother.(跑步的男孩是我弟弟。
)- She looked disappointed when she heard the news.(当她听到这个消息时,她看起来很失望。
)以上是一些常见的非谓语动词的翻译示例,需要根据句子的语境和语义来选择适当的翻译方式。
同时,使用非谓语动词时还需注意其在句子中的位置和作用,以确保句子结构和意思的准确表达。
infinitive的中文翻译infinitive的中文翻译是"不定式"。
在英语中,不定式是动词的一种形式,通常以"to"开头(例如:to go、to eat)。
不定式可以用作名词、形容词或副词,并且可以有自己的主语或宾语。
下面是一些例句来说明不定式的用法和中英文对照:1. 作为名词:- To learn is important for personal growth.(学习对于个人成长很重要。
)- I have a lot of things to do today.(我今天有很多事情要做。
)2. 作为形容词:- I need a place to live.(我需要一个住的地方。
)- He is a difficult person to deal with.(他是一个难以相处的人。
)3. 作为副词:- She runs to stay fit.(她跑步保持身材。
)- He spoke softly to avoid waking the baby.(他小声说话以免吵醒婴儿。
)4. 不定式的时态与语态:- He wants to go to the movies tonight.(他想今晚去看电影。
) - She hopes to be invited to the party.(她希望被邀请参加派对。
)5. 动词后的不定式短语:- I decided to quit my job and start a new career.(我决定辞职并开始新的职业。
)- She promised to help me with my homework.(她答应帮我做作业。
)6. 动词后的不定式短语作为目的状语:- I bought some groceries to cook dinner.(我买了一些杂货来做晚饭。
)- He went to the store to buy a new phone.(他去商店买新手机。
非谓语动词(使用技巧)非谓语动词(使用技巧)非谓语动词是指在句子中起到动词功能,但不能作谓语的动词形式。
掌握非谓语动词的使用技巧能够丰富语言表达,提升写作水平。
以下是关于非谓语动词的使用技巧:1. 不定式(Infinitive)- 用途:表达目的、原因、结果、方式、特点等。
- 结构:to + 动词原形。
- 示例:I went to the store to buy some groceries.(我去商店买了些杂货)2. 动名词(Gerund)- 用途:作主语、宾语、介词宾语等。
- 结构:动词原形 + -ing。
- 示例:Running is good for your health.(跑步对身体健康有益)3. 完成式动词(Perfect Participle)- 用途:表达已经完成的动作。
- 结构:having + 过去分词。
- 示例:Having finished the assignment, he submitted it.(他完成了作业,提交了)4. 分词(Participle)- 用途:修饰名词或代词、作状语、作补足语等。
- 结构:过去分词(-ed/-en)或现在分词(-ing)。
- 示例:The book written by Mark Twain is famous.(马克·吐温写的那本书很有名)5. 从句不定式(Infinitive Clause)- 用途:作宾语、表目的、结果等。
- 结构:动词不定式 + that。
- 示例:She knew that she had to study hard.(她知道她必须努力研究)总之,理解和灵活运用非谓语动词,能够更生动精准地表达意思,丰富语言表达。
在写作中,我们可以根据需要运用合适的非谓语动词,以提高文章的表达效果和语法准确性。
Infinitives (不定式)不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。
1. 不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
To complete the 30 storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.To do that implies taking responsibility.当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:(1)①It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, inconvenient, unnecessary,etc.)+( for sb.)+不定式, 不定式前for引起的短语,说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的It is essential for us to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.It is hard for me to put my hopes into words.It is not easy for you to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.②It is+形容词(kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid,careless, considerate, rude, naughty, polite, impolite, etc.)+of sb. +不定式不定式前常可加of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况,It is kind of you to think so much of us.It is unwise of you to turn down the proposal.(2) It is+名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one's duty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job )+不定式It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.It is a pity to have to go without her.It is a glorious death to die for the people.(3) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)+不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.2. 不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作,主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词,如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
不定式的六种形式及例句不定式(Infinitives)是英语语法里最重要的一种句型,它与动词形式有关。
一般而言,不定式是由“to +词原形”构成的一种形式,常被用来表示某件事情的可能性或是将要发生的动作,可表达一个完整的句子。
在英语语法中,不定式可以以六种不同的形式出现,分别是:1.本不定式(Basic Infinitive)基本不定式是不定式的基本形式,它以“to +词原形”的形式出现,常用来表示未来某件事情的可能性或将要发生的动作,例句有: I going to go to the store.我打算去商店。
)She wanted to help.她想去帮忙。
)2.定不定式(Negative Infinitive)否定不定式与基本不定式非常类似,只是在其前面加上了一个“not”,常用来表示某件事情的不可能性或某件事情不会发生,例句有:I don want to go.我不想去。
)She did not want to talk.她不想说话。
)3.在分词不定式(Present Participle Infinitive)现在分词不定式由“to + be +词的现在分词”构成,它与基本不定式和否定不定式非常类似,只是有时能表示一个正在发生的动作,例句有:I looking forward to seeing you.我期待着见到你。
)We were excited to travel.我们很兴奋出去旅行。
)4.去分词不定式(Past Participle Infinitive)过去分词不定式由“to + have +去分词”构成,常用来表示一个过去发生或已经完成的动作,例句有:He was happy to have seen her.他很高兴能见到她。
)We were relieved to have finished the exam.我们很高兴考试结束了。
)5.名词不定式(Gerund Infinitive)动名词不定式由“to +词的动名词形式”组成,常用来表示一个将要发生的动作,例句有:He is looking forward to going to the beach.他期待着去海边。