高考英语介词知识点知识点总复习
- 格式:doc
- 大小:56.50 KB
- 文档页数:8
【备战高考】英语介词用法总结(完整)一、单项选择介词1. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A.For . B.Without C.Beneath D.By【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词辨析。
句意:没有激情,人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。
A. For 对于;B. Without没有; C. Beneath在……下面 ; D. By通过。
没有激情,人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。
所以空处填介词without。
故填without。
2.Modern zoos should shoulder more social responsibility _______ social progress and awareness of the public.A.in light of B.in favor ofC.in honor of D.in praise of【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词短语。
句意:现代的动物园应该根据社会的进步和公众的意识来承担更多的社会责任。
A. in light of根据,鉴于;B. in favor of有利于,支持;C. in honor of 为了纪念;D. in praise of歌颂,为赞扬。
此处表示根据,故选A。
3.If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.A.in sympathy with B.in terms ofC.in honour of D.in contrast with【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。
句意:如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人,我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。
高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总介词不能单独使用,必须后跟宾语,构成介词短语在句中使用,介词短语由介词+宾语构成,在句中可作状语、定语和表语等。
in, on, to, with, by, for, at, from, up, beyond, before, among, of, off, against, like, since, besides, behind, during等aboutbe about to …即将做……What/How about …?……怎么样for交换:He sold the house for 50,000 yuan.达到某一数值:She wrote a check for £20.赞成,拥护:I’m for getting up early and going to bed early.固定搭配:for one thing首先for example例如for ever永远for the time being 暂时,目前for instance 例如for free免费for the first time 第一次for sale出售,待售watch out for警惕long for 渴望for one’s good为(某人)好with和……一起::He is playing table tennis with Tom.用……工具:Don’t write with a pencil.随着:The weather changes with seasons.带有,具有:Our company needs people with specialized knowledge.行为方式:Handle with care!原因:She shivered with cold.注意:with的复合结构:常在句中作状语,表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。
She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)她经常开着窗户睡觉。
高考英语语法知识讲解一、并列句英语中,有一类连词,用来连接并列的句子或者成分,这些连词统一称为并列连词。
常见的单一并列连词:and, but, or, so......单一并列连词连接并列的成分:1.连接并列主语Tom and Mary are good friends.汤姆和玛丽是好朋友。
and连接并列的主语Tom和Mary。
2.连接并列谓语I watched TV and played basketball yesterday.我昨天看电视,打篮球了。
and连接并列的谓语watched和played。
3.连接并列宾语You can eat an apple or an orange.你可以吃一个苹果或橘子。
or连接并列的宾语an apple和an orange。
4.连接并列表语They are smart and beautiful.她们聪明且美丽。
and连接并列表语smart和beautiful。
5.连接并列定语The beautiful and smart girl is my sister.这个漂亮且聪明的女孩是我妹妹。
and连接并列定语beautiful和smart。
6.连接并列状语I walked into the classroom quickly and quietly.我悄悄地快速走进了教室。
and连接并列状语quickly和quietly。
7.连接并列补语He saw the thief enter the store and steal something.他看见这个小偷进入商店,偷了一些东西。
and连接并列补语enter the store 和steal something,都是补充说明宾语thief,所以是宾语补足语。
单一并列连词连接并列的句子:1.He didn't pass the exam and he felt disappointed.他没有通过考试,他感到很沮丧。
介词介词又叫做前置词,是一种虚词,不能单独在句子当中担当成分,它后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类搭配(介词+宾语)构成介词短语;和动词搭配构成短语动词,然后才能够在句子当中充当成分。
介词分为简单介词,如:at, in, on, besides, since, for等;合成介词,如:inside, outside, without, within, into, onto等;短语介词(或成语介词),如:because of, in front of, instead of, in spite of等;二重介词,如:from behind, until after等。
一、介词短语的句法功能介词在句子中可以充当定语、状语、表语、以及宾语补足语等。
1.作定语介词短语在句中做定语时须位于被修饰词之后。
The key to the door is missing.The water-tower in front of our school was built in 1988.2.作表语(或称为:主语的补足语)Some students are in the classroom, and some on the playground.As we know, Japan is to the east of China.3.作宾语补足语(或称为:宾语的表语)Did you see a pen under my desk this morning?They have sent another rocket into the sky.4.作状语1)On Sundays, the family are mostly out. (时间状语)2)On top of the hill stands a TV tower. (地点状语)3)He is used to sleeping with all the windows open. (伴随状语)4)In the search for the lost child, the villagers went all out. (目的状语)5)All the work must be done by hand. (方式状语)6)At times, I go to the cinema. (频度状语)7)She is by fa r the best student in our class. (程度状语)8)Because of poverty, he couldn’t go to school. (原因状语)9)To my surprise, he got the first prize in the contest. (结果状语 / 或评注性状语)10)Without our Party, we couldn’t live a happy life. (条件状语)11)In spite of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through. (让步状语)12)As a matter of fact, nobody agreed to his project. (评注性状语)In my opinion,you’d better go with us.二、介词的复合结构“介词+宾语+补足语”可以构成介词的复合结构,在句子当中可充当表语、定语、状语、补语等。
高考英语语法介词复习知识点总结
1.表示时间段的介词
(1)in , after
in +时间段,表示从现在起往后推算一段时间
after +时间段,表示过去某时间往后推算一段时间,如:
Hell come back in two days. 但钟点用after( after three oclock)
He left on July 2 and returned after three days.
(2)in , during
表示在一段特指的时间内,可用in 或during
The work was done in / during the holidays.
表示年份、月份、季节用in , 如:in 1999 ,in June , in winter (3)for the past + 时间段, during
表示在最近一段时间内,句中谓语动词常用现在完成时
I have been in Shanghai in the last few years.
(4)for 表示延续一段时间
Ill study in the U.S for two years.
Ive waited for Bingo for half an hour.。
介词用法总结-高考英语知识点
in表示在区域的里面;on表示在区域的边界附近,可以是属于这个区域的一部分或相互接壤;off也表示在区域的边界附近,但一般不是属于这个区域的一部分;to表示在区域的边界更远些的附近,所以不是属于这个区域的一部分或不互相接壤。
③表示原因的介词for常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原因。
From 和out of常常表示动机或原因;through表示消极或间接的原因。
Due to常常用来引导形容词性的短语,作定语或表语。
四、介词短语的作用
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,其用法如下:(1)作定语:The girl in red is my sister.穿红衣的那个女孩是我妹妹。
注:介词短语作定语总是放在它所修饰的名词后面。
(2)作状语:Can you say it in English?这个你会用英语说吗?(3)作表语:He’s in the office.他在办公室。
(4)作补语:I always find her at her studies.我经常发现她在学习。
(5)作介词宾语:I saw her from across the street.我从街对面望见了她。
高考英语知识点介词短语大全整理高考英语学问点介词短语大全对介词短语的考查会消失在高中英语各种题型中,你们知道有哪些下面高考英语学问点介词短语吗?是我为您收集整理的高考英语学问点介词短语大全,供大家参考!名目高中英语名词可数与否怎样推断1、可数名词和不行数名词的概念名词所表示的人或事物可以按个数计算,这类名词叫可数名词。
可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker,farmer,desk,factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people,family 等)。
名词所表示的事物不能按个数来计算,这类名词叫不行数名词。
不行数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat,rice,water,milk,orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、状况、品质等抽象概念,如work,homework,time,health,friendship 等)。
2、既不行数又可数的名词chicken当“鸡肉”讲时是不行数,当“小鸡”讲时可数;room当“空间”讲时不行数,当“房间”讲时可数;fish当食物用“鱼、鱼肉”讲时不行数,当“鱼的种类”讲时可数;hair泛指“毛发”时不行数,当“一根或几根毛发”讲时可数;sound意思是“一般性的声音”时,不行数,指“一次发出的声音”时可数;paper当“纸”讲时不行数,当“试卷”、“论文”、“证件”讲时可数;time当“时间”讲时不行数,当“时代、倍数、次数”讲时可数;exercise泛指“熬炼”时不行数,当“练习、做操”讲时可数;experience当“阅历”讲时不行数,当“经受”讲时可数。
3、不行数名词转化成可数名词的三种状况(1)物质名词转化为可数名词有些物质名词表示不同种类时可以转化为可数名词。
如:The potato is a vegetable,not a fruit.土豆是一种蔬菜,不是水果。
Marble is a precious stone.大理石是一种宝贵的石料。
高考英语介词知识点知识点总复习一、选择题1.The tiger, once a ____ animal to humans, is now ____of disappearing on the earth. A.dangerous; danger B.in danger; in dangerC.dangerous; in danger D.danger; in danger2.Many video websites announce that viewers can watch shows and movies for free ________ watching advertising.A.in spite of B.on behalf of C.with the purpose of D.in exchange for 3.Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ ______ the average. A.below B.above C.about D.on4.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender. A.in spite of B.in terms of C.regardless of D.in virtue of5.________ its health benefits, dancing is a fun way to release positive energy and make society more pleasant.A.As a result of B.In view of C.In terms of D.In addition to 6.We students should work hard and ________, we must believe in ourselves.A.in all B.above all C.after all D.at all7.China’s year-on-year growth in consumer price index ________ an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent in November ________ higher prices of pork and other meat said the National Bureau of Statistics on Tuesday.A.hit; but for B.beat; due to C.beat; but for D.hit; due to8.This poem describes the painful feelings of a man in love with someone who does not love him ______.A.in turn B.in returnC.for return D.for turn9.Exercise is the key ______ your health.A.to improve B.to improving C.in improving D.of improving 10.We had to break _______ our house after our vacation because we had lost the key on our way back home.A.in B.out C.down D.into11.The food in this restaurant is good and the same is true_________ the service.A.about B.of C.over D.at12.The introduction ________ the book roughly talks about whether the introduction ________ independent taxation does good to local finances or not.A.to…to B.of…to C.to…of D.of…in13.He gave me an apple _____ a cake.A.by means of B.in place of C.with regard to D.in exchange for 14.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with 15.—What makes a good teacher?—A good teacher should be enthusiastic ______ his job and patient _____ his student. A.about; with B.in; of C.for; with D.about; for16.In many countries in the world, breakfast is a snack _____ a meal, but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal.A.less than B.better than C.other than D.rather than 17.This special school accepts all disabled students, ______ educational level and background. A.according to B.regardless ofC.in addition to D.in terms of18.Many people believe that hunger is only a problem in the developing countries. , it is a problem all over the world.A.For one thing B.In additionC.As well D.On the contrary19.I missed the last bus and had no money for a taxi,so I could do nothing but ____ home last night.A.to walking B.walkC.walking D.walked20.1 wish I could do something _______ the kindness I have received from him.A.in search of B.in preparation forC.in spite of D.in return for21.They will finish the work ______ the help of his friends.A.with B.under C.of D.for22.In1964, Yuan Longping discovered a natural hybrid rice plant _______.Since then, he has spent all his life increasing the production of rice.A.at ease B.by chance C.in turn D.on purpose 23.Try to discourage him ________ driving too fast, as it’s extremely dangerous.A.from B.into C.to D.for24.It’s the protection for the trees __________ really matters, ___________ how many trees are planted each year.A.what; other than B.which; or ratherC.that; rather than D.as; more than25.Personally speaking ,I’m ____ your plan.A.in consequence of B.in favour ofC.in response to D.in addition to【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【详解】考查同义词辨析。
句意:老虎曾经是一种对人类危险的动物,现在正面临着在地球上消失的危险。
danger是名词;dangerous可能造成危险的,dangerous指事物对外界有危害,而本身则并不一定处于危险状态中,这里用来修饰名词animal;in danger指自身处于危险之中。
根据语境可知,第一空是指“一种对人类危险的动物”,第二空则是指“处于消失的危险之中”。
故选C。
【点睛】本题的难度适中。
同义词辨析是高考的热点,在高中阶段有很多的这种需要辨析的同义词或近义词,考生要牢记它们的用法及区别。
即学即练:____ driving should be severely punished.A.Dangerous B.DangerC.In danger D.Dangers解析:A。
句意:危险驾驶应受严惩。
2.D解析:D【解析】【详解】本题考查介词短语。
解题步骤:1.确定各项意思:A.in spite of虽然;B. on behalf of代表;C. with the purpose of目的是;D.in exchange for 作为……的交换;2.确定答案:此处指“免费看节目和电影作为看广告的交换”。
句意:很多视频网站宣称观众可以免费看节目和电影作为看广告的交换。
故选D。
3.B解析:B【解析】【详解】考查介词。
句意:去年是有史以来最暖和的一年,全球气温比平均高出0.68摄氏度。
A. below (the average)平均以下;B. above (the average)平均以上; C. about(the average)平均水平;D. on(the average)平均。