外研版八年级下册宾语从句讲解

最新外研版八年级下册9-10模块语法宾语从句一.概念：由引导词引导的一个完整的句子，放在主句中谓语动词后，作这个谓语动词的宾语，像这样的句子叫宾语从句。

（亦叫转述句）二.主语+谓语+从句三.分类：根据引导词的不同（转述的句型不同）可以分为三大类。

1.that引导的宾语从句，that 可省略，无意思，转述的是陈述句。

例如：Mary often tells me, “I like talking with you.”=Mary often tells me (that) she likes talking with me.She said, “you can do your homework by yourself.”=She said ( that) I could do my homework by myself .2.if或whether引导的宾语从句，“是否”的意思，不可省略，（注意：在whether……or not 结构中不可用if互换。

）转述的是一般疑问句。

例如：I want to know,”Will you come tomorrow?”= I want to know if/whether you will come tomorrow.I want to know whether you will come tomorrow or not.(不可用if 替换whether)3.由疑问词引导的宾语从句，（如：when, how ,what,how long……）要用陈述句语序。

例如：I want to know,”When will you go to Shanghai?”=I want to know when you will go to Shanghai.四．宾语从句的时态：1.主句用现在时，从句可以根据自己表达意思的需要使用任何一种时态。

例如：I think (that)Tom can win this writing competition.She says(that)she likes playing with me.2.主句用过去时时，从句使用相应的过去时。

一、宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。

例如：She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV.二、宾语从句：从句在句中起宾语的作用，就叫宾语从句。

三、宾语从句的时态：当主句为一般现在时，从句可用任何一种时态；She says that she will come.她说她会来。

当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相应的时态。

She said that she wanted to have a try. 她说过她想试一试。

当从句客观真理时，从句用一般现在时。

Our teacher said the earth goes around the sun.我们的老师说过地球围绕着太阳转。

1、陈述句变宾语从句：用that引导，通常可以省略。

翻译：我认为你是对的。

_____________________________________________2例如：3如：专项练习1. He will come back in a week.→I think _________ he ______________ ______________ back in a week.2. Who is he looking for?→Do you know _________ ______________ _________ looking for?3. Why is the plane late? →I didn’t know _________ the plane ______________ ______________.4. He has already come back. →He told me _________ he ______________ already come back.5. How can I get to the Summer Palace? →Could you tell me _________ _________ ______________ get to the Summer Palace?6. Why didn’t he come yesterday?→Can you tell me _________ _________ ______________ come yesterday?7. What are they doing? →Tom didn’t tell me ______________ they ______________ doing.8. When will we have an English test? →The teacher didn’t tell us _________ _________ ___________ have an English test.9. Where will the meeting be? →I asked him _________ the meeting ______________ be.10. Whose watch is this?→Does anybody know ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________?11. Was the watch made in Shanghai？→I don't know ____________ the watch ____________ made in Shanghai.三、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句.1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. →He said _______ these flowers ____________ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. →My teacher told me __________ light ____________ faster than sound.3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn't know. →Jack didn't know _______ there _______ _______ a meeting in five days.4.Can they speak French？I want to know. →I want to know _________ ____________ _________ ____________ French.5.Are the children playing games？Tell me. →Tell me ___________ the children ___________ ___________ games.6.Where did she park her car？Do you know？→Do you know __________ __________ _________ her car？7.What does he often talk about？The girl wondered. →The girl wondered __________ __________ often ____________ about.8.Who knocked at the door so loudly I don't know. →I don' t know _________ ____________ at the door so loudly.9. Does he still live in that street？I don't know.→I don't know ___________ he still ____________ in that street.10. What's your name？I asked him. →I asked him what __________ __________ __________.二、选择题。

外研八下M9The Object Clause宾语从句1. 当从句为陈述句时, 用连词 that 引导;2. 当从句为一般疑问句时, 用 if / whether (但whether可以与or not连用, if不能);3. 当从句为特殊疑问句时, 用when, where, how, why, who, what 等疑问词引导。

**宾语从句的语序** 不管是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述语序。

宾语从句的引导词1. 当由陈述句来充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义常省略。

eg. I think (that) he is right. I know (that) she is a Canadian athlete.I'm sure (that) he will get the job. I'm glad (that) you are trying to help others.2 特别注意：宾语从句否定意义的转移。

若主句的谓语动词是think , believe , suppose, guess等词，而且主句的主语是第一人称时候，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。

如：I don't think he has time to come to the party . (I think He doesn’t have time to....)2. 当由特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，引导词由原来的特殊疑问词来充当。

有意义不能省略。

从句的语序要用陈述语序。

句末的标点符号由主句决定。

常出现的特殊疑问词：when, why, how, where, who、whom、whose、which, what等。

eg. 1) He asks. How can they get to school? He asks how they can get to school.2) Do you know? When did he buy this pen? Do you know when he bought this pen?3) Can you tell me ? What is your name? Can you tell me what your name is?3. 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”“是不是”“能否”等。

宾语从句（主从复合句）一、什么是宾语？宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。

Eg: I like watching TV . We study English.二、什么是宾语从句？宾语从句：在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。

（即用一个句子来充当宾语）eg:I know that the man is a policeman.三、宾语从句的基本类型： 1. 动词的宾语从句eg:I know that he is right.2. 介词的宾语从句eg:we are talking about whether he is right.3. 形容词的宾语从句eg: I ’m afraid/sure that he is right.四、宾语从句的三要素：1.1). that 引导的宾语从句:当宾语从句是陈述句式，引导词由that 充当，that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。

Eg ：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.2) .if 或whether 引导的宾语从句:当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词if 和whether 引导，If 和whether 在句中的意思是“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略。

Eg ：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.只用whether ，不用if 的情况：1. whether 引导的从句常可以与or 或or not 直接连用。

如： Let me know whether you can come or not.2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether 引导。

如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.3. whether 可以引导带to 的不定式。

宾语从句用法详解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

一、宾语从句用法宾语从句的时态：1．主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。

可归纳为“主现从不现”2．主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。

可归纳为“主过从句过”3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。

4．情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。

宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me wh en we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect （that ）they will win, for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us （that）they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out （that）all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out （that）how much we will spend during the trip你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有：make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .。

一、宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。

例如：She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV.二、宾语从句：从句在句中起宾语的作用，就叫宾语从句。

三、宾语从句的时态：当主句为一般现在时，从句可用任何一种时态；She says that she will come.她说她会来。

当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相应的时态。

She said that she wanted to have a try. 她说过她想试一试。

当从句客观真理时，从句用一般现在时。

Our teacher said the earth goes around the sun.我们的老师说过地球围绕着太阳转。

1、陈述句变宾语从句：用that引导，通常可以省略。

翻译：我认为你是对的。

_____________________________________________她说她是个学生。

_____________________________________________2、一般疑问句变宾语从句（…...吗？）当一般疑问句变成宾语从句时，我们需要用if或whether来引导。

例如：Is it true？这是真的吗？→_____________________________________________我想知道是否是真的。

Are you a student？你是一个学生吗？→_____________________________________________他问我是不是学生。

注意：一般疑问句中的疑问语序要变成_________语序。

3、特殊疑问句变宾语从句用特殊疑问句本身的疑问词引导，特殊疑问句中的疑问语序要变成陈述语序。

如：Do you know？Where can I park my car？（两个特殊疑问句）将两个句子合成宾语从句：_____________________________________________注意：特殊疑问句中的疑问语序也要变成_________语序。

辅导讲义教学内容When it’s on, it means we’re on air.当它（红灯）亮时，表示我们正在广播模块10的基础知识点梳理Key vocabulary：1.director [də'rektə(r)]导演；主管；经理2.show [ʃəʊ]引领；带领3.around [ə'raʊnd]到处；向各处4.show sb. around带某人参观；给某人做向导5.on air（广播或电视）播出6.avoid [ə'vɔɪd]避免；防止7.background [ˈbækgraʊnd]背景；后景8.national ['næʃnəl]国家的；国内的9.international[ˌɪntə'næʃnəl]国际的；世界的10.presenter [prɪˈzentə(r)]主持人11.interview ['ɪntəvju:]n.采访；访谈v.采访；访问12.seem [si:m]看来；似乎13.listener [ˈlɪsənə(r)]听众；听者14.in person亲自；本人➢➢➢12.【课文原句】One day I learnt about Internet radio. 有一天我听说了网络电台。

【用法】learn about 听说，了解13.【课文原句】I did this by looking out of the window. 我是根据观察窗外的情况做到的。

【用法1】look out of the window 向窗外看【用法2】by doing sth. 通过做某事一、宾语从句的时态1、主句现在时态，从句时态根据实际情况选择——I can hardly believe we’re in the city centre.（主句和从句都是现在时）真不敢信心我们是在市中心——I’m sure it’ll be fantastic to see the city from the top.（主句现在时，从句将来时）我相信从山顶上看到的城市风景将会是极好的。

Moudle2 语法：宾语从句宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、连接词。

主句一般现在时，从句时态随句意；从句表达是真理，从句时态一般现在时。

连接词要记清，陈述用that可省略；一般疑问用if或whether；特殊疑问用本身疑问词，绝不能省略。

还有一点要说明，陈述语序要记清。

宾语从句引导词有：that，if/whether，疑问词。

分别如下：1、陈述句变宾语从句（由that引导）当主句为一般现在时，从句可用任何一种时态；当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相应的时态。

当从句陈述的是客观真理时，从句时态要用一般现在时。

如：1.She says that she will come.她说她会来。

（一般现在时）2. She said that she wanted to have a try. 她说过她想试一试。

（一般过去时）3.Teacher said the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球围绕着太阳转。

（客观真理）2、一般疑问句变宾语从句（由if或whether引导）如：Is it true？这是真的吗？（一般疑问句）→I wonder if it is true.我想知道是否是真的。

（宾语从句）注意：一般疑问句中的疑问语序要变成陈述语序，且whether常与or not连用。

3、殊疑问句变宾语从句（由本身的疑问词引导）如：Do you know？ Where can I park my car？（两个特殊疑问句）→Do you know where I can park my car？（宾语从句）————————————————————————————————————Module 3语法: to +v.与 v.-in作宾语本模块主要介绍to +v.与 v.-in作动词宾语的情况.规律：一般来说，不定式（to do）表示将来的动作或行为，而doing形式表示经常性的、一般性的动作或行为，及正在进行的动作或行为。

复合句概念:复合句也称主从句，即主句和从句，从句须有引导词或叫连词引出，否则复合句不成立。

由于连词既起连接主句和从句的作用，表明主从句之间的关系，还在从句中充当一定的成份，有一定的意义，故复合句中的连词常成为考查的焦点。

宾语从句在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：？I know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： I know that the man is a policeman.主句引导词从句中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。

一. 宾语从句的种类1. 由that引导的宾语从句。

that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。

例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the bus stop is I don’t know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.注意一下情况只用whether，不用ifwhether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。