下载文档原格式
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词（Antecedent）。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出1.定义定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。
关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。
2.从句结构 :包括先行词，关系词和定语。
3.关系词（1）关系代词： that,which,who,whom,whose,as(在定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表语 )------ 在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。
（2）关系副词： when,where,why,(在句中作状语 )----- 后面的句子完整。
一．由 that,who,whom 作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。
1.Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday(两者都修饰前面的comerade).2.This is the man(they say) is a good teacher这.(里 who 还做了后面 they say 的宾语，有双重身份，所以不能用 that.)3.This is the teacher I met in the street just now.作(宾语，所以可以省略 )。
4.My cousin,is an engineer, went to America last week.（非限定性定语从句，不能用 that 引导。
）5.先行词是 he, they, those, one, ones, anyone,只能用 who,不能用 that.Anyone breaks the law will be punished.One works hard and without complain is welcome here.6.关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be 结构中用 who。
完整)高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，而引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等；关系副词有when。
where。
why等。
关系词通常有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如，句子“The man who is XXX.”中，“who”是引导定语从句的关系代词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
因此，定语从句的作用是修饰先行词the man，进一步说明他是一位警察。
关系代词中，who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如，“XXX Class One.”表示正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例如，“Mr Liu is theperson ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.”表示XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
总之，定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分，掌握好定语从句的用法和关系词的选择，对于提高英语语言水平和应试能力都有很大的帮助。
The professor you were waiting for has arrived。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our class monitor.The man you just met is my old friend.XXX is a sport that most boys like。
The computer XXX.XXX。
The house by the XXX.This is the pen he XXX。
The movie they watched last night was not XXX.The number of people who visit this city each year reaches one n.Where is the man I saw this morning?The XXX me to is very kind.Summer is the season that comes after spring.XXX。
高中定语从句详细讲解一.基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.ineedapenwithwhichicanwritealetter.=ineedapieceofpaperonwhichicanwritealetter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：theman(who/whom/that)italkedaboutatthemeetingisfromb eijinguniversity.=themanaboutwhomitalkedatthemeetingisfrombeijingunive rsity.thepalace(which/that)ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcen tury.=thepalacetowhichioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句。
定语从句模块一:限制性定语从句一.定义：1.名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句。
2.被修饰的词叫做先行词The boy who is reading is Tom. 关系代词Hospital is a place where a doctor works. 关系副词二.关系词的分类1.关系代词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose2.关系副词关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.who and whom①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时，可省略。
The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.作宾语时，可用whom, that替换, 可以省略。
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.先行词必须是人，作宾语。
2.which先行词必须是事物，作主语和宾语This is the book which / that was written in easy English by our English teacher.作主语时，关系词不可省略。
The pictures (which / that) he drew in the 1980s are on show.作宾语时，关系词可以省略。
注意：which and whom1. whom & which做介词宾语时，介词常可提前，即介词+whom/which+从句，此时whom & which不能由who或that代替，不能省略。
e.g. This is the man from whom your son always begs money.The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood.2.但当介词置于从句末尾时，whom可以由who或that代替，which可由that代替，都能省略。
定语从句
知识导图
引入
Mary is a girl who is happy.
概念
定语从句：在复合句中起形容词作用，作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词。
注意：
关系词指代先行词，并在句子起连接作用，连接主句和从句，同时又在定语从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、状等）关系词根据其在从句中所充当的成分可以分为：
关系代词：在从句中做主、宾、表、定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）
关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)
关系代词和关系副词用法
先行词关系代词从句中的成分例句备注
人who 主、宾、表This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
who在从句中做主语
whom在从句中做宾语，
口语中who可以代替whom，也可以被省去，。
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词与关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why, that等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:-- The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman、在本句中,who is shaking hands with my father 就是定语从句,修饰先行词the man, ‘who’就是引导定语从句的关系代词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
-- The boys who are playing football are from Class One、正在踢足球的男孩就是一班的。
-- Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning、想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
-- Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way、昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
-- That is the teacher who teaches us physics、那就就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
-- Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus、刘先生就就是您们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
完整版)定语从句超详细讲解定语从句研究目标：1.熟练掌握定语从句。
考点解析：定语从句的功能是解释说明。
例如，“This is the factory that/which can produce such machines”和“This is the factorythat/which we visited last week”都是定语从句，它们在主句中充当定语成分。
定语从句的定义是一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
例如，“I bought a cow that looked like a horse”。
定语从句的考查形式有语法、完形、阅读和写作。
定语从句的原理是把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
例句：I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise。
(2016高考北京卷)Balto put his nose to the ground。
trying to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail。
(2016高考北京卷)A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures。
(2016高考全国卷D篇)Last year。
I spent all my time looking for a job where I could work alone without dealing with the public。
高中定语从句详细讲解一: 定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有以下三个作用： A 、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the man ，“ who〞是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词 the man ，在定语从句中作主语。
二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，〞与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句那么失去意义或意思表达不完整。
译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的〞关系词的使用上： A ．作宾语时可省略 B ．可用 that C ．可用 who 代替 whom非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，〞与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上： A ．不可省略 B ．不用 that C．不可用who 代替 whom限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。
非限制性定语从句举例：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
高中定语从句详细讲解一:定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。
非限制性定语从句举例：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
三:关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。
3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?6 as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)①如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等结构中。
※I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。
.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?--- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定语从句）Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，表示说话人对话语的看法态度解释或评论.这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。
（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作宾语)Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作宾语）Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)注意:the same…….as与the same ……that的区分当先行词被the same修饰时关系词既可以用as,也可以用that在表示事物时,有时两者有一定的区别.一般说来,表示同一种类多用as,表示同一事物多用that.在抽象概念上,同种类事物是没有绝对区别的,所以两个词可以换用.例如This is the same book that I used yesterday. This is the same book as I used yesterday.四:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。
look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
五:关系副词引导的定语从句1． when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。
2 where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。
当现行词为point, case, age, business, degree condition occasion,situation,atmosphere, scenes等时,在定语从句作状语时,用where.例如, )1 I can think of many cases_______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where2 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered thescenes_________people were eaten by the tiger. A. where B. by which C. which D. that3 He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car. A.which B.as C.why D.where3． why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
